Tribonacci function in Clojure [duplicate] - clojure

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Creating the tribonacci numbers in Clojure
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Closed 7 years ago.
Is there a different,cleaner way of generating tribonacci?
(defn tribonacci [x](last (reduce
(fn [[a b c] n]
(conj [b c] (+ a b c))) [0 0 1] (range (- x 3)))))

Here's how I would write it:
(defn tribonacci [a b c]
(lazy-seq (cons a (tribonacci b c (+' a b c)))))
If you want to get the nth tribonacci number, just use, for instance, (tribonacci 0 0 1) and then call nth on that.

you can create a lazy sequence of these numbers, and take the needed element from it:
user> (def t (lazy-cat [1 1 2] (map +' t (rest t) (nthrest t 2))))
#'user/t
user> (take 20 t)
(1 1 2 4 7 13 24 44 81 149 274 504 927 1705 3136 5768 10609 19513 35890 66012)
replace [1 1 2] to [0 1 1], if you need them starting from 0

Related

How to find numbers that occur more than once in a list using clojure

I have a list of numbers 2 4 3 7 4 9 8 5 12 24 8.
I need to find numbers which are repeated more than once in clojure.
I have used frequencies function to find. But the result is
{2 1,4 2,3 1,7 1,9 1,8 2,5 1,12 1,24 1}
I intially thought of considering them as key value and then take each key value once and see if val is > 1. if value is greater than 1 then I need to inc 1.
But I am unable to work this out.
Can anyone please help me??
Is there anyway I can make this into [[2 1][4 2][3 1][7 1][9 1][8 2][5 1][12 1][24 1]] and consider each vector recursively or any better idea you can think of.
Thank you.
The function below will just continue on where you have stuck:
(defn find-duplicates [numbers]
(->> numbers
(frequencies)
(filter (fn [[k v]] (> v 1)))
(keys)))
It will filter map entries that have values greater than 1 and then extract their keys.
(find-duplicates [2 4 3 7 4 9 8 5 12 24 8])
;; => (4 8)
If you want the repeated items:
(defn repeated [coll]
(->> coll
frequencies
(remove #(= 1 (val %)))
keys))
(repeated [2 4 3 7 4 9 8 5 12 24 8])
;(4 8)
If you just want to count them:
(defn repeat-count [coll]
(->> coll
frequencies
(remove #(= 1 (val %)))
count))
(repeat-count [2 4 3 7 4 9 8 5 12 24 8])
;2
You can do it lazily, so that it will work on an endless sequence:
(defn repeated [coll]
((fn ff [seen xs]
(lazy-seq
(when-let [[y & ys] (seq xs)]
(case (seen y)
::several (ff seen ys)
::once (cons y (ff (assoc seen y ::several) ys))
(ff (assoc seen y ::once) ys)))))
{} coll))
(repeated [2 4 3 7 4 9 8 5 12 24 8])
;(4 8)
This is similar to core distinct.
... and finally, for brevity, ...
(defn repeated [coll]
(for [[k v] (frequencies coll) :when (not= v 1)] k))
I stole the use of keys from Piotrek Byzdyl's answer. It is only supposed to apply to a map. but works perfectly well here on a sequence of map-entries.
(->> s (group-by identity) (filter (comp next val)) keys)
You are on the right track.
If you seq over hash-map, e. g. via map, you get the kv tuple structure you described and can destructure an individual tuple in the element transformation function:
(->> s
(frequencies)
(map (fn [[number times]]
(cond-> number ; take number
(> times 1) (inc))))) ; inc if (times > 1), otherwise return number
You can use this approach.
(def c [2 4 3 7 4 9 8 5 12 24 8])
(->> c
sort
(partition-by identity)
(filter #(> (count %) 1))
(map first))

Clojure - how to do reductions function but drop state?

If I use the reductions function like so:
(reductions + [1 2 3 4 5])
Then I get
(1 3 6 10 15)
Which is great - but I'd like to apply a binary function in the same way without the state being carried forward - something like
(magic-hof + [1 2 3 4 5])
leads to
(1 3 5 7 9)
ie it returns the operation applied to the first pair, then steps 1 to the next pair.
Can someone tell me the higher-order function I'm looking for? (Something like reductions)
This is my (non-working) go at it:
(defn thisfunc [a b] [(+ a b) b])
(reduce thisfunc [1 2 3 4 5])
You can do it with map:
(map f coll (rest coll))
And if you want a function:
(defn map-pairwise [f coll]
(map f coll (rest coll)))
And if you really need the first element to remain untouched (thanx to juan.facorro's comment):
(defn magic-hof [f [x & xs :as s]]
(cons x (map f s xs)))
partition will group your seq:
user> (->> [1 2 3 4 5] (partition 2 1) (map #(apply + %)) (cons 1))
(1 3 5 7 9)
So, you want to apply a function to subsequent pairs of elements?
(defn pairwise-apply
[f sq]
(when (seq sq)
(->> (map f sq (next sq))
(cons (first sq)))))
Let's try it:
(pairwise-apply + (range 1 6))
;; => (1 3 5 7 9)
This is sufficient:
(#(map + (cons 0 %) %) [1 2 3 4 5])
;; => (1 3 5 7 9)

Building tables in clojure

If I wanted to build a table in Clojure of vector duplicates, I'd write:
(take 2 (repeat [1 2 3]))
But how would I expand this notion of a table function to build something like:
Input 1: [a^2 2 6 2] where a^2 is some input function, 2 is min value, 6 is max value, and 2 is step size.
Output 1: [4,16,36]
Input 2: [b^2 10 -5 -2]
Output 2: [100 64 36 16 4 0 4 16]
This outputs a 4x3 matrix
Input 3: [(+ (* 10 i) j) [1 4] [1 3]]
where (+ (* 10 i) j) is 10i+j (some given input function), [1 4] is the min and max of i, and [1 3] is the min and max of j.
Output 3: [[11 12 13] [21 22 23] [31 32 33] [41 42 43]]
You want to use for in a nested fashion:
(for [i (range 1 (inc 4))]
(for [j (range 1 (inc 3))]
(+ (* 10 i) j)))
;; '((11 12 13) (21 22 23) (31 32 33) (41 42 43))
EDIT: expanded with an example implementation
For example:
(defn build-seq [f lower upper step]
(for [i (range lower (+ upper step) step)]
(f i)))
(build-seq #(* % %) 2 6 2)
;; '(4 16 36)
(defn build-table [f [ilower iupper] [jlower jupper]]
(for [i (range ilower (inc iupper))]
(for [j (range jlower (inc jupper))]
(f i j))))
(build-table #(+ (* 10 %) %2) [1 4] [1 3])
;; '((11 12 13) (21 22 23) (31 32 33) (41 42 43))
Your three input/output samples do not display a consistent signature for one variable and two ; furthermore, the step argument seems to be optional. I'm skeptical about the existence of a nice API that would retain the samples' syntax, but I can try something different (even if I do believe the simple embedded for forms are a better solution):
(defn flexible-range [{:keys [lower upper step] :or {lower 0}}]
(let [[upper step] (cond
(and upper step) [(+ upper step) step]
step (if (pos? step)
[Double/POSITIVE_INFINITY step]
[Double/NEGATIVE-INFINITY step])
upper (if (< lower upper)
[(inc upper) 1]
[(dec upper) -1])
:else [Double/POSITIVE_INFINITY 1])]
(range lower upper step)))
(defn build-table
([f [& params]]
(for [i (flexible-range params)]
(f i)))
([f [& iparams] [& jparams]]
(for [i (flexible-range iparams)]
(for [j (flexible-range jparams)]
(f i j)))))
(build-table #(* % %) [:lower 2 :upper 6 :step 2])
;; '(4 16 36)
(build-table #(+ (* 10 %) %2) [:lower 1 :upper 4]
[:lower 1 :upper 3])
;; '((11 12 13) (21 22 23) (31 32 33) (41 42 43))
I think you can easily solve it with map and range
(defn applier
[f ini max step]
(map f (range ini (+ max step) step)))
(applier #(* % %) 2 6 2)
=> (4 16 36)
This fn can resolve your third example
(defn your-fn [[ra1 ra2] [rb1 rb2] the-fn]
(vec (map (fn [i] (vec (map (fn [j] (the-fn i j)) (range rb1 (inc rb2))))) (range ra1 (inc ra2))))
)
(your-fn [1 4] [1 3] (fn [i j] (+ (* 10 i) j)))
=> [[11 12 13] [21 22 23] [31 32 33] [41 42 43]]
But i'd need a few more specification details (or more use cases) to make this behavior generic, maybe you can explain a little more your problem. I think the 1st-2nd and the 3rd examples don't take the same type of parameters and meaning, (step vs seq ). So the #Guillermo-Winkler solves part the problem and my-fn will cover the last example

Clojure function for first differences, second differences,...,nth differences

Inputting a vector I'd like to write a function that gives successive differences between elements. Ideally the function should input a vector x and parameter n that designates nth difference.
Sample in the form [x n]
Input 1: [16 10 8 6 4 2] 1 (1 for first difference)
Output 1: [-6 -2 -2 -2 -2]
Input 2: [16 10 8 6 4 2] 2
Output 2: [4 0 0 0 nil nil]
Symbolically here's what is going on for sample 2 (meant as illustration of idea, not Clojure code)
[a b c d e f] 2
[a-2b+c, b-2c+d, c-2d+e, d-2e+f]
Here you go:
(def a [16 10 8 6 4 2])
(defn diff [a]
(map - (rest a) a))
(defn diff-n [a n]
(nth (iterate diff a) n))
(diff-n a 1) ; => (-6 -2 -2 -2 -2)
(diff-n a 2) ; => (4 0 0 0)
Same as #Shlomi 's answer but with an optional step size parameter:
(defn diff
([a]
(map - (next a) a))
([a step]
(map - (nthnext a step) a)))
(defn nthdiff
([a n]
(nth (iterate diff a) n))
([a n step]
(nth (iterate #(diff % step) a) n)))

Neat way to apply a function to every nth element of a sequence?

What's a neat way to map a function to every nth element in a sequence ? Something like (map-every-nth fn coll n), so that it would return the original sequence with only every nth element transformed, e.g. (map-every-nth inc (range 16) 4) would return (0 1 2 4 4 5 6 8 8 9 10 12 12 13 14 16)
Try this:
(defn map-every-nth [f coll n]
(map-indexed #(if (zero? (mod (inc %1) n)) (f %2) %2) coll))
(map-every-nth inc (range 16) 4)
> (0 1 2 4 4 5 6 8 8 9 10 12 12 13 14 16)
I suggest that this would be simpler and cleaner than the accepted answer:
(defn map-every-nth [f coll n]
(map f (take-nth n coll)))
This is a handy one to know: http://clojuredocs.org/clojure_core/clojure.core/take-nth
I personally like this solution better:
(defn apply-to-last [f col] (concat (butlast col) (list (f (last col)))))
(apply concat (map #(apply-to-last (fn [x] (* 2 x)) %) (partition 4 (range 16))))
Or as a function:
(defn apply-to-last [f col] (concat (butlast col) (list (f (last col)))))
(defn map-every-nth [f col n] (apply concat (map #(apply-to-last f %) (partition n col))))
(map-every-nth (fn [x] (* 2 (inc x))) (range 16) 4)
; output: (0 1 2 8 4 5 6 16 8 9 10 24 12 13 14 32)
Notice this easily leads to the ability to apply-to-first, apply-to-second or apply-to-third giving the ability to control the "start" of mapping every nth element.
I do not know the performance of the code I wrote above, but it does seem more idiomatic to me.