What is the easy way to create django form - django

Question

For example I have got the Student model
class Student(models.Model):
first_name = models.CharField(max_lenght=100)
last_name = models.CharField(max_lenght=100)
learning_group = models.CharField(max_lenght=100)
So I want to create the following form for each student in some group:
| Student | Mark | Absent |
| John Smyth | input for mark | input for absent hours|
Thank you for your help.
EDIT:
I am storing my absent and mark fields in JSonField() and it look like this
{ student_pk: 1, mark: 5, absent: 3 }
So what did I tried:
At first I tried to implement this through overriding forms.Form init method but it was formatted wrong
def MarkBookForm(forms.Form):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.students = kwargs.pop('students', None)
super(MarkBookForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
for student in self.students:
self.fields["student_{}".format(student.pk)] = forms.CharField(initial="{} {}".format(student.first_name, student.last_name)
self.fields["mark_{}".format(student.pk)] = forms.FloatField()
self.fields["absent_{}".format(student.pk)] = forms.FloatField()
This is what I want
And this what i did

Answer 1

First of all you should define your model for mark and absent
You can use sth like this( not tested :) ):
models.py:
class MyModel(models.Model):
field1 = models.CharField(max_length=40, blank=False, null=False)
field2 = models.CharField(max_length=60, blank=True, null=True)
forms.py:
class FormForMyModel(forms.Form):
form_field1 = forms.CharField(max_length=40, required=True)
form_field2 = forms.CharField(max_length=60, required=False)
views.py:
def create_a_my_model(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
form = FormForMyModel(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
my_model = MyModel()
my_model.field1 = form.cleaned_data.get('form_field1', 'default1')
my_model.field2 = form.cleaned_data.get('form_field2', 'default2')
my_model.save()
else:
form = FormForMyModel()
context_data = {'form': form}
return HttpResponse('templtate.html', context_data)
The above example outlines generic form workflow.
You can notice two annoying issues in the above example:
I have to define Fields on MyModel and Fields on FormForMyModel separately. However, there is a lot of similarity between those two groups (types) of Fields, so that's kind of duplicate work. The similarity grows when adding labels, validators, etc.
creating of MyModel instance is a bit silly, having to assign all those values manually.
This is where a ModelForm comes in.
So back to the two issues:
Instead of defining a form Field for each model Field, I simply define model = MyModel in the the Meta class. This instructs the Form to automatically generate form Fields from model Fields.
Model forms have save method available. This can be used to create instance of model in one line in the view, instead of manually assigning field-by-field.
So, lets make the example above with a ModelForm:
models.py:
class MyModel(models.Model):
field1 = models.CharField(max_length=40, blank=False, null=False)
field2 = models.CharField(max_length=60, blank=True, null=True)
forms.py:
class MyModelForm(forms.ModelForm): # extending ModelForm, not Form as before
class Meta:
model = MyModel
views.py:
def create_a_my_model(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
form = MyModelForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
# save the model to database, directly from the form:
my_model = form.save() # reference to my_model is often not needed at all, a simple form.save() is ok
# alternatively:
# my_model = form.save(commit=False) # create model, but don't save to database
# my.model.something = whatever # if I need to do something before saving it
# my.model.save()
else:
form = MyModelForm()
context_data = {'form': form}
return HttpResponse('templtate.html', context_data)