I am trying to convert the first letter of each word of a string to uppercase in python. But i keep getting a generator object at 0x10315b8> no post before this seems to answer my question.
def capitalize(str):
newstr = str.split(' ')
newlist = []
for word in newstr:
if word[0][0] == word[0][0].upper():
newlist.append(word[0][0].upper())
newlist.append(word[0][1:])
newlist.append(" ")
convert_first = (str(w) for w in newlist)
print(convert_first)
capitalize(input("enter some string"))#calling the function
Your problem lies in how you are trying to make a string out of a list of strings. The opposite of "splitting" a string into a list is "joining" a list into a string.
def capitalize(str):
newstr = str.split(' ')
newlist = []
for word in newstr:
newlist.append(word[0].upper() + word[1:])
convert_first = ' '.join(newlist)
print(convert_first)
capitalize(input("enter some string"))#calling the function
Note: I made an attempt to have my code be as close as possible to that in the question.
Also, why is there an if statement in your code? With that in place you're really just capitalizing all the words that are already capitalized and discarding the rest since they never make it into newlist.
There are a few issues with your code:
The error message you got is for trying to print convert_first, which is a generator, not a string.
newstr is a list of words, so word is a string and word[0] is already the first character. Meaningless for word[0][0] or word[0][1:].
if word[0][0] == word[0][0].upper(): just filters all the words whose first character is not uppercase...
So simply some code will do what you described:
def capitalize(str):
newstr = str.split(' ')
newlist = []
for word in newstr:
newlist.append(word[0].upper())
newlist.append(word[1:])
newlist.append(" ")
convert_first = ''.join(w for w in newlist)
print(convert_first)
capitalize(input("enter some string"))
Or those who favors short code and generator expressions:
def capitalize(str):
print(' '.join(word[0].upper() + word[1:] for word in str.split(' ')))
capitalize(input("enter some string"))
This also removes the tailing space of the generated string, which may (not) be what you intended.
Related
This question already has answers here:
Kotlin function for getting start and end index of substring
(2 answers)
Closed 1 year ago.
I want to find index from string. How can i find the index of the first alphabet of second last word in a string.
val index = "Hey! How are you men? How you doing"
i want to search you doing from the above string, but i want y index from the word you. I did some code to find index but I am unable to find it.
fun main(vararg args: String) {
val inputString = "Hey! How are you men? How you doing"
val regex = "you doing".toRegex()
val match = regex.find(inputString)!!
println(match.value)
println(match.range)
}
This regex finds the last two words in your sentence and calculates the index by subtracting the length of the two words from the length of the string.
val result = Regex("^(?:.*?\\s+)?([^\\s]+\\s+[^\\s]+)$").matchEntire(inputString)
if (result != null) {
println(inputString.length - result.groupValues[1].length)
} else {
println("not supported")
}
Supports inputs like
Hey! How are you men? How you doing
Hey! How are you men? How you doing?
Hey! How are you, John?
Hello there!
Split the string, then take the first character of the second-to-last element of the resulting array.
If you are looking for the index of the y in you doing related to the entire string (Hey! How are you men? How you doing), you can use indexOf.
val inputString = "Hey! How are you men? How you doing"
val matchString = "you doing"
val matchIndex = inputString.indexOf(matchString)
More info on indexOf here.
If you don't want to use a regex (which you probably shouldn't unless you need the efficiency) the simplest option is probably what #samuei says:
index.split(' ').takeLast(2).first().first()
(take the last two words, take the first of those, and then the first character of that)
If you want to mess with indices instead you could do this kind of thing:
val lastSpaceIndex = index.lastIndexOf(' ')
val secondToLastSpace = index.lastIndexOf(' ', startIndex = lastSpaceIndex -1)
println(index.get(secondToLastSpace + 1))
where you're finding the index of the last space, then the index of the last space before that one, and then grabbing the character after that. But this is already getting a lot less readable, and is it worth the extra complexity? Your call!
I need to split string into the array with elements as two following words by scala:
"Hello, it is useless text. Hope you can help me."
The result:
[[it is], [is useless], [useless text], [Hope you], [you can], [can help], [help me]]
One more example:
"This is example 2. Just\nskip it."
Result:
[[This is], [is example], [Just skip], [skip it]]
I tried this regex:
var num = """[a-zA-Z]+\s[a-zA-Z]+""".r
But the output is:
scala> for (m <- re.findAllIn("Hello, it is useless text. Hope you can help me.")) println(m)
it is
useless text
Hope you
can help
So it ignores some cases.
First split on the punctuation and digits, then split on the spaces, then slide over the results.
def doubleUp(txt :String) :Array[Array[String]] =
txt.split("[.,;:\\d]+")
.flatMap(_.trim.split("\\s+").sliding(2))
.filter(_.length > 1)
usage:
val txt1 = "Hello, it is useless text. Hope you can help me."
doubleUp(txt1)
//res0: Array[Array[String]] = Array(Array(it, is), Array(is, useless), Array(useless, text), Array(Hope, you), Array(you, can), Array(can, help), Array(help, me))
val txt2 = "This is example 2. Just\nskip it."
doubleUp(txt2)
//res1: Array[Array[String]] = Array(Array(This, is), Array(is, example), Array(Just, skip), Array(skip, it))
First process the string as it is by removing all escape characters.
scala> val string = "Hello, it is useless text. Hope you can help me."
val preprocessed = StringContext.processEscapes(string)
//preprocessed: String = Hello, it is useless text. Hope you can help me.
OR
scala>val string = "This is example 2. Just\nskip it."
val preprocessed = StringContext.processEscapes(string)
//preprocessed: String =
//This is example 2. Just
//skip it.
Then filter out all necessary chars(like chars, space etc...) and use slide function as
val result = preprocessed.split("\\s").filter(e => !e.isEmpty && !e.matches("(?<=^|\\s)[A-Za-z]+\\p{Punct}(?=\\s|$)") ).sliding(2).toList
//scala> res9: List[Array[String]] = List(Array(it, is), Array(is, useless), Array(useless, Hope), Array(Hope, you), Array(you, can), Array(can, help))
You need to use split to break the string down into words separated by non-word characters, and then sliding to double-up the words in the way that you want;
val text = "Hello, it is useless text. Hope you can help me."
text.trim.split("\\W+").sliding(2)
You may also want to remove escape characters, as explained in other answers.
Sorry I only know Python. I heard the two are almost the same. Hope you can understand
string = "it is useless text. Hope you can help me."
split = string.split(' ') // splits on space (you can use regex for this)
result = []
no = 0
count = len(split)
for x in range(count):
no +=1
if no < count:
pair = split[x] + ' ' + split[no] // Adds the current to the next
result.append(pair)
The output will be:
['it is', 'is useless', 'useless text.', 'text. Hope', 'Hope you', 'you can', 'can help', 'help me.']
I'm trying to create a split() function in lua with delimiter by choice, when the default is space.
the default is working fine. The problem starts when I give a delimiter to the function. For some reason it doesn't return the last sub string.
The function:
function split(str,sep)
if sep == nil then
words = {}
for word in str:gmatch("%w+") do table.insert(words, word) end
return words
end
return {str:match((str:gsub("[^"..sep.."]*"..sep, "([^"..sep.."]*)"..sep)))} -- BUG!! doesnt return last value
end
I try to run this:
local str = "a,b,c,d,e,f,g"
local sep = ","
t = split(str,sep)
for i,j in ipairs(t) do
print(i,j)
end
and I get:
1 a
2 b
3 c
4 d
5 e
6 f
Can't figure out where the bug is...
When splitting strings, the easiest way to avoid corner cases is to append the delimiter to the string, when you know the string cannot end with the delimiter:
str = "a,b,c,d,e,f,g"
str = str .. ','
for w in str:gmatch("(.-),") do print(w) end
Alternatively, you can use a pattern with an optional delimiter:
str = "a,b,c,d,e,f,g"
for w in str:gmatch("([^,]+),?") do print(w) end
Actually, we don't need the optional delimiter since we're capturing non-delimiters:
str = "a,b,c,d,e,f,g"
for w in str:gmatch("([^,]+)") do print(w) end
Here's my go-to split() function:
-- split("a,b,c", ",") => {"a", "b", "c"}
function split(s, sep)
local fields = {}
local sep = sep or " "
local pattern = string.format("([^%s]+)", sep)
string.gsub(s, pattern, function(c) fields[#fields + 1] = c end)
return fields
end
"[^"..sep.."]*"..sep This is what causes the problem. You are matching a string of characters which are not the separator followed by the separator. However, the last substring you want to match (g) is not followed by the separator character.
The quickest way to fix this is to also consider \0 a separator ("[^"..sep.."\0]*"..sep), as it represents the beginning and/or the end of the string. This way, g, which is not followed by a separator but by the end of the string would still be considered a match.
I'd say your approach is overly complicated in general; first of all you can just match individual substrings that do not contain the separator; secondly you can do this in a for-loop using the gmatch function
local result = {}
for field in your_string:gsub(("[^%s]+"):format(your_separator)) do
table.insert(result, field)
end
return result
EDIT: The above code made a bit more simple:
local pattern = "[^%" .. your_separator .. "]+"
for field in string.gsub(your_string, pattern) do
-- ...and so on (The rest should be easy enough to understand)
EDIT2: Keep in mind that you should also escape your separators. A separator like % could cause problems if you don't escape it as %%
function escape(str)
return str:gsub("([%^%$%(%)%%%.%[%]%*%+%-%?])", "%%%1")
end
I have the following string:
{'output',{'variable','VGRG_Pos_Var1/Parameters/D_foo'},'date',734704.60904050921}
I would like to verify the format of the string that the word 'variable' is the second word and i would like to retrive the string after the last '/' in the 3rd string (In this example 'D_foo').
how could i verify this and retrive the sting i search?
I tried the following:
regexp(str,'{''\w+'',{''variable'',''([(a-z)|(A-Z)|/|_])+')
without success
REMARK
The string to analysis is not splited after the komma, it is only due to length of the string.
EDIT
my string is:
'{''output'',{''variable'',''VGRG_Pos_Var1/Parameters/D_foo''},''date'',734704.60904050921}';
and not a cell, which could be understood. I added the sybol ' at the start and end of the string to symbolizied that it is a string.
I realise that you mention using regexp in the question, but I'm not sure if this is a requirement? If other solutions are acceptable you could try this:
str='{''output'',{''variable'',''VGRG_Pos_Var1/Parameters/D_foo''},''date'',734704.60904050921}';
parts1=textscan( str, '%s','delimiter',{',','{','}'},'MultipleDelimsAsOne',1);
parts2=textscan( parts1{1}{3}, '%s','delimiter',{'/',''''},'MultipleDelimsAsOne',1);
string=parts2{1}{end}
match=strcmp(parts1{1}{2},'variable')
To answer the first part of your question, you can write this:
str = {'output',{'variable','VGRG_Pos_Var1/Parameters/D_foo'},'date',734704.60904050921};
temp = str(2); %this holds the cell containing the two strings
if cmpstr(temp{1}(1), 'variable')
%do stuff
end
For the second part you can do this:
str = {'output',{'variable','VGRG_Pos_Var1/Parameters/D_foo'},'date',734704.60904050921};
temp = str(2); %like before, this contains the cell
temp = temp{1}(2); %this picks out the second string in the cell
temp = char(temp); %turns the item from a cell to a string
res = strsplit(temp, '/'); %splits the string where '/' are found, res is an array of strings
string = res(3); %assuming there will always be just 2 '/'s.
I got three list comprehensions that do some trimming in a given string. What these are doing is that in a string, it removes words that contain '/', removes certain words in the list called 'remove_set', and combines single consecutive letters into a one big word.
regex = re.compile(r'.*/.*')
parent = ' '.join([p for p in parent.split() if not regex.match(p)])
remove_set = {'hello', 'corp', 'world'}
parent = ' '.join([i for i in parent.split() if i not in remove_set])
parent = ' '.join((' ' if x else '').join(y) for x, y in itertools.groupby(parent.split(), lambda x: len(x) > 1))
For example:
string = "hello C S people in some corp/llc"
changes to
string = "CS people in some"
Can these commands can be written in one beautiful command??
Thanks in advance!