I am trying to cross-compile apache-qpid for an arm system from a debian.
There is undefined reference to __dlopen error, but it seems that it is related to the previous warning:
using 'dlopen' in statically linked applications requires at runtime the shared libraries from the glibc version used for linking ...
Here is the detail:
[ 86%] Linking CXX shared library libqpidcommon.so
CMakeFiles/qpidcommon.dir/qpid/sys/posix/Shlib.cpp.o: In function
`qpid::sys::Shlib::load(char const*)':
/home/mert/qpid-cpp-0.34/src/qpid/sys/posix/Shlib.cpp:32: warning: Using
'dlopen' in statically linked applications requires at runtime the shared
libraries from the glibc version used for linking
/home/mert/IDE/cVEND/00.00.14/bin/../arm-feig-linux-
gnueabi/sysroot/usr/lib/libdl.a(dlopen.o): In function `dlopen':
dlopen.c:(.text+0xc): undefined reference to `__dlopen'
I do not know what is happening exactly and how to solve it.
Here there is a similiar thing, I tried to add -static -ldl -lc C_FLAGS but made no difference.
Any help appreciated.
EDIT :
EDIT :
I am not sure exactly what is solved the problem, but I think that -ldl was looking exactly for libdl.so, but in arm directory, it was libdl-2.19.so, thus, probably it was then looking for and finding in another directory. I have linked libdl.so to libdl-2.19.so and now it is compiling.
The linker needs the options, not the compiler. See LDFLAGS.
https://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/html_node/Implicit-Variables.html
Extra flags to give to compilers when they are supposed to invoke the
linker, ‘ld’, such as -L. Libraries (-lfoo) should be added to the
LDLIBS variable instead.
If this error occurs during the make step try doing
make LIBS=-ldl
And make sure the library path is present in LDFLAGS
export LDFLAGS=-L<path/to/ldl>
Related
I am trying to compile my C++ project on Linux x64 with boost libraries 1.57.
This project is compiled with scons and I successfully compiled it on my Arch Linux, but this time failed on a Ubuntu machine.
I added -lboost_coroutine flag for linking but the error "undefined reference" still existed.
/usr/bin/g++ -o build/gcc.release/app -pthread -g
build/gcc.release/src/han/unity/rpcx.o
-lpthread -lz -lboost_coroutine -lboost_context -lboost_date_time
build/gcc.release/src/han/unity/rpcx.o: In function `attributes':
/usr/local/include/boost/coroutine/attributes.hpp:31: undefined reference
to `boost::coroutines::stack_traits::default_size()'
I noticed that the attributes.hpp is exactly one of the boost coroutine header files. And I tried with nm to boost coroutine libs and it seems no problem.
nm /usr/local/lib/libboost_coroutine.a | grep "default_size"
0000000000000170 T _ZN5boost10coroutines12stack_traits12default_sizeEv
I searched the possible reasons for this error and most are about the order of linker flags. And in this case the rpcx.o depends on boost_coroutine, so this appears in front.
What else could be the causes?
After several hours effort, I finally solved it.
That turns out to be the old boost (v1.55) lib still existing, which has static libraries with the same name of my manually installed boost library (v1.57). The linker found the v1.55 static libs before v1.57, so it used these libs for linking. However, in the old version, the function boost::coroutines::stack_traits::default_size() is still not introduced, which makes the linker cannot find the right location of this function, and returns "undefind reference".
For those who happens to find this questions from googling "undefined reference" errors during compiling, I got several steps about debugging this kind of problem and wrote here for your information.
Check if the library you linked with exists in /usr/lib/ or /usr/local/lib/, if not, try to install these first.
Check if you added the correct linking flag for your referred libs. For example, if you use boost_coroutine libs, be sure to add -lboost_coroutine during linking.
Check if the order of linking flags are correct (for gcc). This could be the cause of most cases. Make sure to put B in front of A if B depends on A.
Check if different versions exists for the same libraries.
I hope these could help somehow.
I have a problem, i want to compile my application with static linking of mysql connector.
My command line:
g++ -o newserver stdafx.cpp ... -lboost_system -lboost_thread
-lpthread -lmysqlcppconn -static /usr/lib/libmysqlcppconn-static.a -std=c++0x
But i have error:
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lmysqlcppconn
/tmp/ccxpOfdZ.o: In function `IsEqualsDns(unsigned long, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >)':
Server.cpp:(.text+0x356e): warning: Using 'gethostbyname' in statically linked applications requires at runtime the shared libraries from the glibc version used for linking
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
How can i fix this?
Thanks!
Where is the library libsqlcppconn.a or libsqucppconn.so
(static or dynamic)? The compiler is looking for it, and
doesn't find it.
Presumably, this is the same library as
/usr/lib/mysqlcppconn-static.a. If so, just drop the
-lmysqlcppconn. Or just use -lmysqlcppconn-static (no
spaces), and forget about the /usr/lib/libmysqlconn-static.a.
With a name like that, there shouldn't be a corresponding .so,
which means that g++ will link it statically, even without the
-static. You only need the -static if there is both
a libmysqlconn-static.so and a libmysqlconn-static.a in the
same directory.
With regards to the second error (which is just a warning, but
will cause problems if you try to run the linked program on
other machines, or even after an upgrade of your machine): if
you use -static anywhere in your command line (as you
currently do), then it applies to all files linked afterwards.
Including the system libraries, which you don't want to link
statically. My guess is that the -static isn't necessary (see
above); if it is, place it immediately before the library you
want to link statically, and place a -dynamic immediately
after (so that any following libraries, including the system
libraries, will be dynamically linked).
You could try g++ -static YOUR ARGUMENTS.
If you are coming from a Windows platform, linking against Boost can give a few surprises. The typicall Boost installation (e.g. after ./b2 install) will make both dynamic and static libraries and put them in the same directory. Typically, the two library forms only differ in their extension (.so or .a).
Windows supports auto-linking, which basically means that library files contain some flags in their first few bytes indicating whether they are for dynamic or for static linking. On Linux platforms, this is not the case and the linker gets confused which file to load (since you don't provide the extension of the library name). Therefore, you need to tell your linker which form of linking you want.
I'm trying to build some code. Here is the error I'm getting:
main.o: In function `__static_initialization_and_destruction_0':
/home/jmbeck/Downloads/boost_1_48_0/boost/system/error_code.hpp:214: undefined reference to `boost::system::generic_category()'
There is more, but I don't think it's relevant.
Here is the build command:
g++ -I/home/jmbeck/Downloads/boost_1_48_0
-L/home/jmbeck/Downloads/boost_1_48_0/stage/lib
-lm
-lboost_system
-lboost_thread
-lboost_regex
main.cpp
The /home/jmbeck/Downloads/boost_1_48_0/stage/lib directory contains the expected files:
libboost_system.a
libboost_system.so#
libboost_system.so.1.48.0*
libboost_thread.a
libboost_thread.so#
libboost_thread.so.1.48.0*
libboost_regex.a
libboost_regex.so#
libboost_regex.so.1.48.0*
... etc...
I've tried building a quick program that didn't use the pre-compiled libraries, and it compiled just fine. It finds the appropriate headers, but not the libraries.
What am I doing wrong?
Try putting the libraries after main.cpp.
I've experienced some weirdness in the past when GCC ignores libraries because it doesn't think they're used, before reaching my source files.
Often linkers require that libraries be ordered as most dependent to least dependent (I believe MS does not). In this case probably thread or regex depends on system, so you'd need to list the -lsystem after the other boost library that depends on it.
I have a Makefile for linux that I am porting over to Darwin. The makefile takes a bunch of .o files and links them together into a .so shared object. Okay, so I figured (am I wrong about this?) that the best analog for this in Darwin is the dylib. So I changed the -shared flag to -dynamiclib.
Now the code that I am linking together into the dylib depends on lots of external libraries. When I try to build the dylib, I get errors saying there are undefined references. But the Linux Makefile does not specify any of the -lwhatever or -L/path/whatever options in the build step that creates the .so file. Hm? Is this because when you create an ELF .so file, by default it leaves external references unresolved, and then when the shared library is loaded, it recursively loads shared libraries which are depended on by the shared library you are loading? Wouldn't it be the case that if the shared library depends on a .a or .o file, you would HAVE to statically link them into the shared library, otherwise you could not link at runtime? How can you get away with having undefined references in a library that is loaded at runtime, unless the references are also to dynamically loadable libraries?
Anyway so if I specify
-undefined suppress -flat_namespace
it doesn't require me to add those -l and -L options when creating the shared library. But I still don't understand how this can work ultimately.
This thread also discusses this issue. I think the key point is that in order to get the Linux-like linking behavior, you need to specify the "-undefined dynamic_lookup" flag. By default, the Darwin linker throws an error if there are any undefined references in a dynamic library. You can also use -U to set this behavior on a per-symbol basis. See 'man ld' for reference.
Use libtool.
libtool -dynamic -multiply_defined suppress -install_name `basename ../../../../rlp/lib/universal-darwin9-gcc40/libbtutils.dylib` -o ../../../../rlp/lib/universal-darwin9-gcc40/libbtutils.dylib ../../../../rlp/lib/universal-darwin9-gcc40/libbtd.a ../../../../rlp/lib/universal-darwin9-gcc40/libbttrie.a ../../../../rlp/lib/universal-darwin9-gcc40/libbtkey.a ../../../../rlp/lib/universal-darwin9-gcc40/libbtunit.a ../../../../rlp/lib/universal-darwin9-gcc40/libbtutilities.a ../../../../rlp/lib/universal-darwin9-gcc40/libbtopts.a ../../../../rlp/lib/universal-darwin9-gcc40/libbtxcode.a ../../../../rlp/lib/universal-darwin9-gcc40/libbtprops.a ../../../../rlp/lib/universal-darwin9-gcc40/libbtxml.a ../../../../rlp/lib/universal-darwin9-gcc40/libbttake3.a ../../../../rlp/lib/universal-darwin9-gcc40/libbttake5.a ../../../../rlp/lib/universal-darwin9-gcc40/libbtac.a -lstdc++.6 -lgcc_s.10.4 ../../../../build_system/lib/universal-darwin9-gcc40/libgcc.a -lSystem -lSystemStubs`
I have this assignment due that requires the usage of FLTK. The code is given to us and it should compile straight off of the bat, but I am having linking errors and do not know which other libraries I need to include.
I currently have "opengl32", "fltk_gl", "glu32", and "fltk" included (-l), each of which seem to reduce the number of errors. I compiled FLTK using make with no specified options. Including all of the produced library files doesn't fix the problem, and I'm convinced that it's just some Windows specific problem.
Compile log:
**** Build of configuration Debug for project CG5 ****
make all
Building target: CG5.exe
Invoking: Cygwin C++ Linker
g++ -o"CG5.exe" ./src/draw_routines.o ./src/gl_window.o ./src/my_shapes.o ./src/shape.o ./src/shapes_ui.o ./src/tesselation.o -lopengl32 -lfltk_z -lfltk_gl -lglu32 -lfltk
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-cygwin/3.4.4/../../../libfltk_gl.a(Fl_Gl_Window.o):Fl_Gl_Window.cxx:(.text+0x197): undefined reference to `_SelectPalette#12'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-cygwin/3.4.4/../../../libfltk_gl.a(Fl_Gl_Window.o):Fl_Gl_Window.cxx:(.text+0x1a7): undefined reference to `_RealizePalette#4'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-cygwin/3.4.4/../../../libfltk_gl.a(Fl_Gl_Window.o):Fl_Gl_Window.cxx:(.text+0x1fe): undefined reference to `_glDrawBuffer#4'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-cygwin/3.4.4/../../../libfltk_gl.a(Fl_Gl_Window.o):Fl_Gl_Window.cxx:(.text+0x20d): undefined reference to `_glReadBuffer#4'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-cygwin/3.4.4/../../../libfltk_gl.a(Fl_Gl_Window.o):Fl_Gl_Window.cxx:(.text+0x23a): undefined reference to `_glGetIntegerv#8'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-cygwin/3.4.4/../../../libfltk_gl.a(Fl_Gl_Window.o):Fl_Gl_Window.cxx:(.text+0x2c3): undefined reference to `_glOrtho#48'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-cygwin/3.4.4/../../../libfltk_gl.a(Fl_Gl_Window.o):Fl_Gl_Window.cxx:(.text+0x2f3): undefined reference to `_SwapBuffers#4'
...and lots more
Thanks a ton for the help.
EDIT: These first few lines are obviously OpenGL related, although I'm still not sure what additional libraries need to be included.
Just a guess: your makefile was written for Linux, and on Cygwin some libraries are either missing or in a different place. You're going to have to examine the makefile, locate the missing libraries, and either move the libs to where the makefile expects them or change the makefile to look in the right place.
The libraries it needs are listed on the line starting g++ (prepend 'lib' to the names after the -l flags)
Sorry for the lack of closure, but I just booted into my Linux netbook and got it working.
-lfltk -lfltk_gl -lGLU -lGL -lXext -lX11 -lm