Detect/identify the port (HDMI, other) the monitor is connected to in Windows 7/8/10 Win32 C++ - c++

Question

I am able to detect all the monitors that are connected to my system. I am able to get a lot of relevant information about them using the following Windows API calls:
EnumDisplayMonitors
GetMonitorInfo
EnumDisplayDevices
The system I am developing on is an AIO (all-in-one) that comes with 2 monitors. It has an external HDMI output that I can connect and external monitor. Then, through a port replicator I am able to connect the 4th monitor. All of the monitors are extending my desktop and all of them are working fine.
My task is to detect the monitor that is connected through the HDMI port. The monitor information that I am able to extract using the above mentioned API do not give any specific information through which I will be able to detect the port type (e.g. HDMI, or USB).
Does anyone know what API to use? Thanks!

Answer 1

You can use the EnumDisplayDevices method to get the DeviceID of the monitor and then the WmiMonitorConnectionParams WMI class (available since Windows Vista) and the VideoOutputTechnology property which returns a D3DKMDT_VIDEO_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY enumeration.
Try the next sample code
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <atlstr.h>
#define _WIN32_DCOM
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <comdef.h>
#include <Wbemidl.h>
# pragma comment(lib, "wbemuuid.lib")
typedef enum _D3DKMDT_VIDEO_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY {
D3DKMDT_VOT_UNINITIALIZED = -2,
D3DKMDT_VOT_OTHER = -1,
D3DKMDT_VOT_HD15 = 0,
D3DKMDT_VOT_SVIDEO = 1,
D3DKMDT_VOT_COMPOSITE_VIDEO = 2,
D3DKMDT_VOT_COMPONENT_VIDEO = 3,
D3DKMDT_VOT_DVI = 4,
D3DKMDT_VOT_HDMI = 5,
D3DKMDT_VOT_LVDS = 6,
D3DKMDT_VOT_D_JPN = 8,
D3DKMDT_VOT_SDI = 9,
D3DKMDT_VOT_DISPLAYPORT_EXTERNAL = 10,
D3DKMDT_VOT_DISPLAYPORT_EMBEDDED = 11,
D3DKMDT_VOT_UDI_EXTERNAL = 12,
D3DKMDT_VOT_UDI_EMBEDDED = 13,
D3DKMDT_VOT_SDTVDONGLE = 14,
#if (DXGKDDI_INTERFACE_VERSION >= DXGKDDI_INTERFACE_VERSION_WDDM1_3_M1)
D3DKMDT_VOT_MIRACAST = 15,
#endif
D3DKMDT_VOT_INTERNAL = 0x80000000,
D3DKMDT_VOT_SVIDEO_4PIN = D3DKMDT_VOT_SVIDEO,
D3DKMDT_VOT_SVIDEO_7PIN = D3DKMDT_VOT_SVIDEO,
D3DKMDT_VOT_RF = D3DKMDT_VOT_COMPOSITE_VIDEO,
D3DKMDT_VOT_RCA_3COMPONENT = D3DKMDT_VOT_COMPONENT_VIDEO,
D3DKMDT_VOT_BNC = D3DKMDT_VOT_COMPONENT_VIDEO
} D3DKMDT_VIDEO_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY;
_D3DKMDT_VIDEO_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY GetConnectorInfo(LPCWSTR ShortDeviceID)
{
_D3DKMDT_VIDEO_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY result = D3DKMDT_VOT_OTHER;
BSTR strNetworkResource;
strNetworkResource = L"\\\\.\\root\\WMI";
HRESULT hres;
hres = CoInitializeEx(0, COINIT_MULTITHREADED);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Failed to initialize COM library. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
cout << _com_error(hres).ErrorMessage() << endl;
cout << "press enter to exit" << endl;
cin.get();
std::exit(1);
}
hres = CoInitializeSecurity(
NULL,
-1, // COM authentication
NULL, // Authentication services
NULL, // Reserved
RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_DEFAULT, // Default authentication
RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, // Default Impersonation
NULL, // Authentication info
EOAC_NONE, // Additional capabilities
NULL // Reserved
);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Failed to initialize security. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
cout << _com_error(hres).ErrorMessage() << endl;
CoUninitialize();
cout << "press enter to exit" << endl;
cin.get();
std::exit(1);
}
IWbemLocator *pLoc = NULL;
hres = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_WbemLocator, 0, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_IWbemLocator, (LPVOID *)&pLoc);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Failed to create IWbemLocator object." << " Err code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
cout << _com_error(hres).ErrorMessage() << endl;
CoUninitialize();
cout << "press enter to exit" << endl;
cin.get();
std::exit(1);
}
IWbemServices *pSvc = NULL;
hres = pLoc->ConnectServer(
_bstr_t(strNetworkResource), // Object path of WMI namespace
NULL, // User name. NULL = current user
NULL, // User password. NULL = current
0, // Locale. NULL indicates current
NULL, // Security flags.
0, // Authority (e.g. Kerberos)
0, // Context object
&pSvc // pointer to IWbemServices proxy
);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Could not connect. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
cout << _com_error(hres).ErrorMessage() << endl;
pLoc->Release();
CoUninitialize();
cout << "press enter to exit" << endl;
cin.get();
std::exit(1);
}
hres = CoSetProxyBlanket(
pSvc, // Indicates the proxy to set
RPC_C_AUTHN_WINNT, // RPC_C_AUTHN_xxx
RPC_C_AUTHZ_NONE, // RPC_C_AUTHZ_xxx
NULL, // Server principal name
RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_CALL, // RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_xxx
RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, // RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_xxx
NULL, // client identity
EOAC_NONE // proxy capabilities
);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Could not set proxy blanket. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
cout << _com_error(hres).ErrorMessage() << endl;
pSvc->Release();
pLoc->Release();
CoUninitialize();
cout << "press enter to exit" << endl;
cin.get();
std::exit(1);
}
IEnumWbemClassObject* pEnumerator = NULL;
hres = pSvc->ExecQuery(L"WQL", L"SELECT InstanceName, VideoOutputTechnology FROM WmiMonitorConnectionParams",
WBEM_FLAG_FORWARD_ONLY | WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY, NULL, &pEnumerator);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "ExecQuery failed" << " Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
cout << _com_error(hres).ErrorMessage() << endl;
pSvc->Release();
pLoc->Release();
CoUninitialize();
cout << "press enter to exit" << endl;
cin.get();
std::exit(1);
}
IWbemClassObject *pclsObj = NULL;
ULONG uReturn = 0;
BOOL bFound = false;
while (pEnumerator)
{
HRESULT hr = pEnumerator->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, 1, &pclsObj, &uReturn);
if (0 == uReturn || FAILED(hr))
break;
VARIANT vtProp;
CString DeviceID;
hr = pclsObj->Get(L"InstanceName", 0, &vtProp, 0, 0);// String
if (!FAILED(hr))
{
if ((vtProp.vt == VT_NULL) || (vtProp.vt == VT_EMPTY))
{ }
else
{
DeviceID.Format(L"%s", vtProp.bstrVal);
DeviceID = DeviceID.Mid(8, DeviceID.Find(L"\\", 9) - 8);
bFound = DeviceID.Compare(ShortDeviceID) == 0;
}
}
VariantClear(&vtProp);
if (bFound)
{
hr = pclsObj->Get(L"VideoOutputTechnology", 0, &vtProp, 0, 0);// Uint32
if (!FAILED(hr))
{
if ((vtProp.vt == VT_NULL) || (vtProp.vt == VT_EMPTY))
result = D3DKMDT_VOT_OTHER;
else
{
result = (_D3DKMDT_VIDEO_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY)vtProp.uintVal;
}
}
}
VariantClear(&vtProp);
pclsObj->Release();
pclsObj = NULL;
if (bFound)
break;
}
pSvc->Release();
pLoc->Release();
pEnumerator->Release();
if (pclsObj != NULL)
pclsObj->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return result;
}
void GetDisplayInfo()
{
DISPLAY_DEVICE lpDisplayDevice;
lpDisplayDevice.cb = sizeof(lpDisplayDevice);
DWORD iDevNum = 0;
CString DeviceID;
while (EnumDisplayDevices(0, iDevNum, &lpDisplayDevice, 0))
{
DISPLAY_DEVICE lpDisplayDevice2;
ZeroMemory(&lpDisplayDevice2, sizeof(lpDisplayDevice2));
lpDisplayDevice2.cb = sizeof(lpDisplayDevice2);
DWORD devMon = 0;
while (EnumDisplayDevices(lpDisplayDevice.DeviceName, devMon, &lpDisplayDevice2, 0))
{
if (lpDisplayDevice2.StateFlags & DISPLAY_DEVICE_ACTIVE && !(lpDisplayDevice2.StateFlags & DISPLAY_DEVICE_MIRRORING_DRIVER))
{
DeviceID.Format(L"%s", lpDisplayDevice2.DeviceID);
wcout << DeviceID.GetString() << endl;
DeviceID = DeviceID.Mid(8, DeviceID.Find(L"\\", 9) - 8);
_D3DKMDT_VIDEO_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY VideoOutputTechnology = GetConnectorInfo(DeviceID.GetString());
switch (VideoOutputTechnology)
{
case D3DKMDT_VOT_HDMI:
wcout << " VideoOutputTechnology : HDMI" << endl;
break;
case D3DKMDT_VOT_INTERNAL:
wcout << " VideoOutputTechnology : Internal Monitor" << endl;
break;
default:
wcout << " VideoOutputTechnology : " << VideoOutputTechnology << endl;
break;
}
}
devMon++;
ZeroMemory(&lpDisplayDevice2, sizeof(lpDisplayDevice2));
lpDisplayDevice2.cb = sizeof(lpDisplayDevice2);
}
ZeroMemory(&lpDisplayDevice, sizeof(lpDisplayDevice));
lpDisplayDevice.cb = sizeof(lpDisplayDevice);
iDevNum++;
}
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
GetDisplayInfo();
cout << "press enter to exit" << endl;
cin.get();
return 0;
}
This will return something like
MONITOR\CMN15BB\{4d36e96e-e325-11ce-bfc1-08002be10318}\0001
VideoOutputTechnology : Internal Monitor
MONITOR\SNY7702\{4d36e96e-e325-11ce-bfc1-08002be10318}\0000
VideoOutputTechnology : HDMI

Answer 2

A lot of monitors support DDC/CI 2B, it's pretty easy to ask the monitor itself what it's connected to if it supports VCP feature 60h - Input Source, using Monitor Configuration API.
Not all displays support that protocol, notably most of integrated flat panels and very old CRTs, also it's not guaranteed that any particular monitor will support this VCP feature.
char* INPUT_SOURCES[] = {
"Unknown",
"Analog video (R/G/B) 1",
"Analog video (R/G/B) 2",
"Digital video (TMDS) 1 DVI",
"Digital video (TMDS) 2 DVI",
"Composite video 1",
"Composite video 2",
"S-video 1",
"S-video 2",
"Tuner 1",
"Tuner 2",
"Tuner 3",
"Component video (YPbPr/ YCbCr) 1",
"Component video (YPbPr/ YCbCr) 2",
"Component video (YPbPr/ YCbCr) 3",
"DisplayPort 1",
"DisplayPort 2",
"Digital Video (TMDS) 3 HDMI",
"Digital Video (TMDS) 4 HDMI"
};
char* getInputSourceName(DWORD value)
{
if (value > ARRAYSIZE(INPUT_SOURCES)) value = 0;
return INPUT_SOURCES[value];
}
BOOL CALLBACK enumNextMonitor(HMONITOR monitor, HDC dc, LPRECT dRect, LPARAM param)
{
DWORD physNum;
if (GetNumberOfPhysicalMonitorsFromHMONITOR(monitor, &physNum)) {
if (physNum == 0) return 1;
PHYSICAL_MONITOR* displays = malloc(physNum * sizeof(PHYSICAL_MONITOR));
if (GetPhysicalMonitorsFromHMONITOR(monitor, physNum, displays)) {
for (DWORD i = 0; i < physNum; i++) {
DWORD value;
if (GetVCPFeatureAndVCPFeatureReply(displays[i].hPhysicalMonitor, 0x60, NULL, &value, NULL)) {
printf(
"Display: %s, input is %s\n",
displays[i].szPhysicalMonitorDescription,
getInputSourceName(value)
);
} else {
printf(
"Display: %s, unknown input type\n",
displays[i].szPhysicalMonitorDescription
);
}
}
}
free(displays);
}
}
int main()
{
EnumDisplayMonitors(NULL, NULL, enumNextMonitor, NULL);
}
As a fallback, monitor EDID usually includes limited information about connection type used – it may be as simple as "Analog" or "Digital", with more detailed breakdown of digital connections for displays with more elaborate implementation.
SetupAPI, that can be used to get display EDID, also provides reference to display adapter it connected too. Perhaps, it also can be queried for connection details.