I'm trying to organize my code a bit more, so I tried putting the SDL2 code used for displaying windows/images into a class. The window opens, the code runs successfully, and the image seems to be loading fine, -but the image will not appear when the code is arranged in a class like this. Why is this happening?
main.cpp:
#include <SDL.h>
#include "display.h"
SDL_Event event;
SDL_Surface* image = nullptr;
int main(int argc, char* args[])
{
if (SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_EVERYTHING) == -1)
return false;
Display display;
display.loadImage("image.bmp");
bool quit = false;
while (!quit)
{
while (SDL_PollEvent(&event))
{
if (event.type == SDL_QUIT)
quit = true;
}
display.applySurface(0, 0, image, display.windowSurface);
display.update();
}
SDL_FreeSurface(image);
SDL_Quit();
return 0;
}
display.h:
#pragma once
#include <SDL.h>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
class Display
{
public:
SDL_Window* window;
SDL_Surface* windowSurface;
Display();
SDL_Surface* loadImage(std::string fileName);
void applySurface(int x, int y, SDL_Surface *source, SDL_Surface *destination, SDL_Rect *clip = nullptr);
void update();
~Display();
private:
const int WINDOW_WIDTH = 612;
const int WINDOW_HEIGHT = 632;
const int SCREEN_BPP = 2;
};
display.cpp:
#pragma once
#include "display.h"
Display::Display()
{
window = SDL_CreateWindow("SDL Window", SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED, SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED, WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT, SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN);
if (window == NULL)
std::cout << "Error: SDL_CreateWindow failed." << std::endl;
windowSurface = SDL_GetWindowSurface(window);
if (windowSurface == NULL)
std::cout << "Error: Window surface is null." << std::endl;
}
SDL_Surface* Display::loadImage(std::string fileName)
{
SDL_Surface* loadedImage = NULL;
SDL_Surface* optimizedImage = NULL;
loadedImage = SDL_LoadBMP(fileName.c_str());
if (loadedImage == NULL)
std::cout << "Loaded image = NULL" << std::endl;
if (loadedImage != NULL)
{
optimizedImage = SDL_ConvertSurface(loadedImage, windowSurface->format, 0);
SDL_FreeSurface(loadedImage);
if (optimizedImage == NULL)
std::cout << "Optimized image = NULL" << std::endl;
if (optimizedImage != NULL)
SDL_SetColorKey(optimizedImage, SDL_TRUE, SDL_MapRGB(optimizedImage->format, 255, 255, 255));
}
return optimizedImage;
}
void Display::applySurface(int x, int y, SDL_Surface *source, SDL_Surface *destination, SDL_Rect *clip)
{
SDL_Rect offset;
offset.x = x;
offset.y = y;
SDL_BlitSurface(source, clip, destination, &offset);
}
void Display::update()
{
if (SDL_UpdateWindowSurface(window) == -1)
std::cout << "Error: SDL_UpdateWindowSurface() failed." << std::endl;
}
Display::~Display()
{
SDL_FreeSurface(windowSurface);
windowSurface = NULL;
SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
window = NULL;
}
In your main.cpp your image is empty because you didn't use the return image :
image = display.loadImage("image.bmp");
Related
I am trying to make a simple racing game with C++ using SDL2. When i tried rendering my car asset(PNG Image) it simply did not render saying in the console that it couldn't access the file. Note that the source files are located in an exclusive directory (src/), the headers are in /include and the images are located in /assets. Here is my code:
main.cpp
#include <SDL2/SDL.h>
#include <SDL2/SDL_image.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <Headers/RenderWindow.hpp>
int main(int argc, char *args[])
{
if (SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) > 0)
{
std::cout << "SDL_Init has failed..." << std::endl;
}
if (!(IMG_Init(IMG_INIT_PNG)))
{
std::cout << "IMG_Init has failed" << std::endl;
}
RenderWindow window("Untitled Racing Game", 1280, 720);
SDL_Texture *blueCar = window.LoadTexture("../assets/blue_car.png");
bool run = true;
SDL_Event event;
while (run)
{
while (SDL_PollEvent(&event))
{
if (event.type == SDL_QUIT)
{
run = false;
}
}
window.Clear();
window.Render(blueCar);
window.Display();
}
window.CleanUp();
SDL_Quit();
return 0;
}
RenderWindow.hpp
#pragma once
#include <SDL2/SDL.h>
#include <SDL2/SDL_image.h>
class RenderWindow
{
public:
RenderWindow(const char *title, int width, int height);
SDL_Texture *LoadTexture(const char *filePath);
void CleanUp();
void Clear();
void Render(SDL_Texture *texture);
void Display();
private:
SDL_Window *window;
SDL_Renderer *renderer;
};
RenderWindow.cpp
#include <SDL2/SDL.h>
#include <SDL2/SDL_image.h>
#include <iostream>
#include "Headers/RenderWindow.hpp"
RenderWindow::RenderWindow(const char *title, int width, int height)
: window(NULL), renderer(NULL)
{
window = (SDL_CreateWindow(title, SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED, SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED, width, height, SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN));
if (window == NULL)
{
std::cout << "Window Failed to Load. Error " << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
}
renderer = SDL_CreateRenderer(window, -1, SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED);
}
SDL_Texture *RenderWindow::LoadTexture(const char *filePath)
{
SDL_Texture *texture = NULL;
texture = IMG_LoadTexture(renderer, filePath);
if (texture == NULL)
{
std::cout << "Failed to load texture, " << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
}
return texture;
}
void RenderWindow::CleanUp()
{
SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
}
void RenderWindow::Clear()
{
SDL_RenderClear(renderer);
}
void RenderWindow::Render(SDL_Texture *texture)
{
SDL_RenderCopy(renderer, texture, NULL, NULL);
}
void RenderWindow::Display()
{
SDL_RenderPresent(renderer);
}
i'm trying to create a manual color key with pixel manipulation in SDL2, but when i execute the program, the color key doesn't work, these pixels become white, but not transparent.
I tried to Lock the surface and set the surface blendmode, but doesn't work too.
Code:
// IO includes
#include <iostream>
// String includes
#include <string>
// SDL includes
#include <SDL.h>
#include <SDL_image.h>
// Screen constants
#define SCREEN_WIDTH 640
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 480
using namespace std;
// Window variables
SDL_Window *window = NULL;
SDL_Surface *windowSurface = NULL;
// Image surfaces
SDL_Surface *background = NULL;
SDL_Surface *image = NULL;
// Functions
bool initializeSDL();
SDL_Surface *loadSurfaceFromFile(string path);
void SetColorKey(SDL_Surface *surface, Uint32 color);
bool LoadFiles();
void FreeMemory();
// SDL_main
int main(int argc, char* argv[]){
// Try to initialize and load files
if(initializeSDL() == false){
FreeMemory();
return -1;
}
if(LoadFiles() == false){
FreeMemory();
return -1;
}
// Blit images
SDL_BlitSurface(background, NULL, windowSurface, NULL);
SDL_BlitSurface(image, NULL, windowSurface, new SDL_Rect(70, 277, image->w, image->h));
// Update screen
SDL_UpdateWindowSurface(window);
// Loop
SDL_Event ev;
while(true){
if(SDL_PollEvent(&ev) && ev.type == SDL_QUIT) break;
}
return 0;
}
bool initializeSDL(){
// Try to initialize the video
if( SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) < 0 ){
// Print error
cout << "Error to initialize the video: " << SDL_GetError() << endl;
return false;
}
// Try to create the window
window = SDL_CreateWindow("Surface", SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED, SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED, SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN);
if(window == NULL){
// Print error
cout << "Error to create the window: " << SDL_GetError() << endl;
return false;
}
// Try to initialize PNG format
int imgFlags = IMG_INIT_PNG;
if(! (IMG_Init(imgFlags) &imgFlags) ) return false;
// Get the window surface
windowSurface = SDL_GetWindowSurface(window);
// If everything is fine, return true
return true;
}
SDL_Surface* loadSurfaceFromFile(string path){
// Create a temporary surface
SDL_Surface *tmpSurface = NULL;
// Create an optimized surface
SDL_Surface *optimizedSurface = NULL;
// Try to load the tmpSurface
tmpSurface = IMG_Load(path.c_str());
if(tmpSurface == NULL){
// Print error
cout << "Error to load the image: " << SDL_GetError() << endl;
return NULL;
}
// Try to optimize the surface
optimizedSurface = SDL_ConvertSurface(tmpSurface, windowSurface->format, NULL);
SDL_FreeSurface(tmpSurface); // Free tmpSurface memory
delete tmpSurface; // Delete the tmpSurface
if(optimizedSurface == NULL){
// Print error
cout << "Error to optimize the image: " << SDL_GetError() << endl;
}
return optimizedSurface;
}
void SetColorKey(SDL_Surface *surface, Uint32 color){
Uint32 *pixels = (Uint32*)surface->pixels;
int pixelCount = (surface->pitch/4) * surface->h;
Uint32 transparent = SDL_MapRGBA(image->format, 255, 255, 255, 0);
for(int i=0;i<pixelCount;i++){
if(pixels[i] == color){
pixels[i] = transparent;
}
}
}
bool LoadFiles(){
// Try to load the background
background = loadSurfaceFromFile("background.bmp");
if(background == NULL) return false;
// Try to load the image
image = loadSurfaceFromFile("image.png");
if(image == NULL) return false;
// Set manual color key to image
SetColorKey(image, SDL_MapRGB(image->format, 0, 255, 255));
return true;
}
void FreeMemory(){
SDL_FreeSurface(background);
SDL_FreeSurface(image);
SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
IMG_Quit();
SDL_Quit();
}
I was watching this series = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2NVgHrOFneg
and for some reason for the guy in the video the code works but for me it compiles fine but doesn't load an image. I really don't know what to do.
#include "SDL.h"
#include <iostream>
#include "SDL_image.h"
SDL_Texture *LoadTexture(std::string filePath, SDL_Renderer *renderTarget) //texture optimization function
{
SDL_Texture *texture = nullptr;
SDL_Surface *surface = IMG_Load(filePath.c_str());
if (surface == NULL)
std::cout << "Error 1" << std::endl;
else
{
texture = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(renderTarget, surface);
if (texture == NULL)
std::cout << "Error 2" << std::endl;
}
SDL_FreeSurface(surface);
return texture;
}
int main(int, char *argv[])
{
const int FPS = 144;
int frameTime = 0;
SDL_Window *window = nullptr;
SDL_Texture *currentImage= nullptr;
SDL_Renderer *renderTarget = nullptr;
SDL_Rect playerRect;
int frameWidth, frameHeight;
int textureWidth, textureHeight;
SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO );
int imgFlags = IMG_INIT_PNG | IMG_INIT_JPG;
if (!(IMG_Init(imgFlags) != imgFlags))
{
std::cout << "Error: " << IMG_GetError() << std::endl;
}
window = SDL_CreateWindow("SDL Pong", SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED, SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED, 1024, 720, SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN);
renderTarget = SDL_CreateRenderer(window, -1, SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED | SDL_RENDERER_PRESENTVSYNC);
currentImage = LoadTexture("Untitled.jpg", renderTarget);
SDL_QueryTexture(currentImage, NULL, NULL, &textureWidth, &textureHeight);
SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderTarget, 0xFF, 0, 0, 0xFF);
frameWidth = textureWidth / 3;
frameHeight = textureHeight / 4;
playerRect.x = playerRect.y = 0;
playerRect.y = frameWidth;
playerRect.h = frameHeight;
bool isRunning = true; //game loop
SDL_Event ev;
while (isRunning)
{
while (SDL_PollEvent(&ev) != 0)
{
if (ev.type == SDL_QUIT)
isRunning = false;
}
frameTime++;
if (FPS / frameTime == 4)
{
frameTime = 0;
playerRect.x += frameWidth;
if (playerRect.x >= textureWidth)
playerRect.x =0;
}
SDL_RenderClear(renderTarget);
SDL_RenderCopy(renderTarget, currentImage, &playerRect, NULL);
SDL_RenderPresent(renderTarget);
}
SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
SDL_DestroyTexture(currentImage);
SDL_DestroyRenderer(renderTarget);
window = nullptr;
renderTarget = nullptr;
currentImage = nullptr;
SDL_Quit();
return 0;
}
This is the error message: http://imgur.com/LHMdt5F
IMG_Init returns bitfield of formats that was initialised. If resulting bitfield doesn't contain every format that was requested in flags, something gone wrong.
if (!(IMG_Init(imgFlags) != imgFlags)) checks if there is no error. Then you're trying to get error message, but there were no errors. Remove negation operator.
When you create the .exe and run it from an IDE it often stores the executable in a ../bin/.. directory. If Untitled.jpg is in the same directory as your source files, it will not find it.
SDL_GetBasePath(); will return the base path to your files. Check it out docs for it.
The string from SDL_GetBasePath() + "Untitled.jpg" will find and open the file.
Today I started a C++/SDL2 Snake clone, and I've been looking for ways to make my code neater, -particularly with classes. I tried to put all the SDL code used for the window/display in a class. When I run the code, the window closes instantly. From the error tests I set up in display.cpp, it also tells me through the console that SDL_UpdateWindowSurface() (in display.update()) is always returning -1. Why does this happen when I rearrange my code like this?
With this code I load an image in main() and display it through my class' function applySurface(). The idea is to have classes/objects for the game's grid/board, the snake, etc., -each calling applySurface() for their own images. Feel free to tell me if this is a bad idea altogether.
main.cpp:
#include <SDL.h>
#include "display.h"
SDL_Event event;
SDL_Surface* image = nullptr;
int main(int argc, char* args[])
{
Display display;
display.loadImage("image.bmp");
if (SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_EVERYTHING) == -1)
return false;
bool quit = false;
while (!quit)
{
while (SDL_PollEvent(&event))
{
if (event.type == SDL_QUIT)
quit = true;
}
display.applySurface(0, 0, image, display.windowSurface);
display.update();
}
SDL_FreeSurface(image);
SDL_Quit();
return 0;
}
display.h:
#pragma once
#include <SDL.h>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
class Display
{
public:
SDL_Window* window;
SDL_Surface* windowSurface;
Display();
SDL_Surface *loadImage(std::string fileName);
void applySurface(int x, int y, SDL_Surface *source, SDL_Surface *destination, SDL_Rect *clip = nullptr);
void update();
~Display();
private:
const int WINDOW_WIDTH = 612;
const int WINDOW_HEIGHT = 632;
const int SCREEN_BPP = 2;
};
display.cpp:
#pragma once
#include "display.h"
Display::Display()
{
window = SDL_CreateWindow("Snake", SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED, SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED, WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT, SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN);
if (window == NULL)
std::cout << "Error: SDL_CreateWindow failed." << std::endl;
windowSurface = SDL_GetWindowSurface(window);
}
SDL_Surface* Display::loadImage(std::string fileName)
{
SDL_Surface* loadedImage = NULL;
SDL_Surface* optimizedImage = NULL;
loadedImage = SDL_LoadBMP(fileName.c_str());
if (loadedImage != NULL)
{
optimizedImage = SDL_ConvertSurface(loadedImage, windowSurface->format, 0);
SDL_FreeSurface(loadedImage);
if (optimizedImage != NULL)
SDL_SetColorKey(optimizedImage, SDL_TRUE, SDL_MapRGB(optimizedImage->format, 255, 255, 255));
}
return optimizedImage;
}
void Display::applySurface(int x, int y, SDL_Surface *source, SDL_Surface *destination, SDL_Rect *clip)
{
SDL_Rect offset;
offset.x = x;
offset.y = y;
SDL_BlitSurface(source, clip, destination, &offset);
}
void Display::update()
{
if (SDL_UpdateWindowSurface(window) == -1)
std::cout << "Error: SDL_UpdateWindowSurface() failed." << std::endl;
}
Display::~Display()
{
SDL_FreeSurface(windowSurface);
windowSurface = NULL;
SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
window = NULL;
}
This is a valid use of classes to structure your code. SDL_Init needs to come before any other SDL functions, which means you're best off moving SDL_Init to the top of main or adding it to the display constructor. If you add it to the beginning of the display constructor this means that you can only have one display class object running at a time, which would likely be fine in this case.
So im trying to render an image. This code worked fine before I refactored into seperate classes but i cannot see the problem. The file path for the image also worked before the refactoring however i have not moved the image so it should still be in the same place.
The error i am getting is "Unable to create texture from surface. Error: Couldn't open Images/text.bmp" so im fairly certain its the line of code below that is messing up.
if (!(gTexture->LoadFromFile("Images/text.bmp")))
{
return false;
}
Here is the LoadFromFile function code
bool Texture2D::LoadFromFile(string path)
{
Free();
SDL_Texture* pTexture = NULL;
SDL_Surface* pSurface = IMG_Load(path.c_str());
if (pSurface != NULL)
{
//SDL_SetColorKey(pSurface, SDL_TRUE, SDL_MapRGB(pSurface->format, 0, 0xFF, 0xFF));
pTexture = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(mRenderer, pSurface);
if (pTexture == NULL)
{
cout << "Unable to create texture from surface. Error: " << SDL_GetError() << endl;
}
mWidth = pSurface->w;
mHeight = pSurface->h;
SDL_FreeSurface(pSurface);
}
else
{
cout << "Unable to create texture from surface. Error: " << IMG_GetError() << endl;
}
mTexture = pTexture;
return pTexture != NULL;
}
Below is the Source.cpp file:
#include <SDL.h>
#include <SDL_image.h>
#include <SDL_mixer.h>
#include "Constants.h"
#include "Texture2D.h"
#include "Commons.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
//Globals
SDL_Window* gWindow = NULL;
SDL_Renderer* gRenderer = NULL;
Texture2D* gTexture = NULL;
//prototypes
bool InitSDL();
void CloseSDL();
bool Update();
void Render();
int main(int argc, char* args[])
{
if(InitSDL())
{
bool quit = false;
while(!quit)
{
//gTexture->Render(Vector2D(), SDL_FLIP_NONE, 0);
Render();
quit = Update();
}
}
CloseSDL();
return 0;
}
bool InitSDL()
{
if(SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) < 0)
{
cout << "SDL did not initialise. Error: " << SDL_GetError();
return false;
}
else
{
//ITS ALL GOOD BRO
gWindow = SDL_CreateWindow("Games Engine Creation",
SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED,
SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED,
SCREEN_WIDTH,
SCREEN_HEIGHT,
SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN);
//DID IT GO?
if (gWindow == NULL)
{
//NUH UH
cout << "Window was not created. Error: " << SDL_GetError();
return false;
}
gRenderer = SDL_CreateRenderer(gWindow, -1, SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED);
if (gRenderer != NULL)
{
//INITIALISE THAT PNG BBY
int imageFlags = IMG_INIT_PNG;
if (!(IMG_Init(imageFlags) & imageFlags))
{
cout << "SDL_Image could not initialise. Error: " << IMG_GetError();
return false;
}
}
else
{
cout << "Renderer could not be initialised. Error: " << SDL_GetError();
return false;
}
gTexture = new Texture2D(gRenderer);
if (!(gTexture->LoadFromFile("Images/text.bmp")))
{
return false;
}
return true;
}
}
void CloseSDL()
{
SDL_DestroyWindow(gWindow);
gWindow = NULL;
delete gTexture;
gTexture = NULL;
SDL_DestroyRenderer(gRenderer);
gRenderer = NULL;
IMG_Quit();
SDL_Quit();
}
bool Update()
{
SDL_Event e;
SDL_PollEvent(&e);
switch(e.type)
{
case SDL_QUIT:
return true;
break;
case SDL_KEYUP:
switch(e.key.keysym.sym)
{
case SDLK_q:
return true;
break;
}
break;
case SDL_MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
return true;
break;
}
return false;
}
void Render()
{
SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(gRenderer, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF);
SDL_RenderClear(gRenderer);
gTexture->Render(Vector2D(), SDL_FLIP_NONE, 0);
//SDL_Rect renderLocation = { 0, 0, mWidth, mHeight };
//SDL_RenderCopyEx(mRenderer, mTexture, NULL, &renderLocation, 0, NULL, SDL_FLIP_NONE);
SDL_RenderPresent(gRenderer);
}
A simple way to start debugging is to place the image in the same folder with the executable and show the path as ./image.bmp to see if something is wrong with the path.