Trying to complete a basic texture map to surface using OpenGL and SOIL but I am not generating anything.
GLuint textureID[5];
glutInitWindowPosition(0, 50);
windowID[0] = glutCreateWindow("orthogonal projection, cubes");
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
glOrtho(-400, 400, -400, 400, -500, 500);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glLoadIdentity();
glutKeyboardFunc(Keyboard);
glutDisplayFunc(DrawWindowOne);
textureID[0] = SOIL_load_OGL_texture("assets/faceA.png",
SOIL_LOAD_AUTO, SOIL_CREATE_NEW_ID, SOIL_FLAG_INVERT_Y);
void DrawWindowOne()
{
glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glViewport(0, 0, 250, 250);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glTexEnvf(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_REPLACE);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_REPEAT);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_REPEAT);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, textureID[0]);
glBegin(GL_QUADS);
glNormal3f(0.0, 0.0, 1.0); // front face
glTexCoord2f(0.0, 0.0); glVertex3f(-a,-a, a);
glTexCoord2f(0.0, 1.0); glVertex3f(-a, a, a);
glTexCoord2f(1.0, 1.0); glVertex3f( a, a, a);
glTexCoord2f(1.0, 0.0); glVertex3f( a,-a, a);
glEnd();
glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
}
The face draws in blue, however, and I get no texture. I have a second window, where apart from position the only differance is that I am using Frustrum as opposed to Orthogonal
windowID[1] = glutCreateWindow("Perspective projection using glFrustum");
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
glFrustum(-60, 60, -60, 60, 60, 200);
gluLookAt(0, 0, 120, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0);
and the texture draws fine.
The problem was that I was loading the textures all at once, where it appears they need to be loaded after each window is initialized to be available for that windows draw code.
#pragma region Initialise Window One
glutInitWindowPosition(0, 50);
windowID[1] = glutCreateWindow("orthogonal projection, cubes");
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
glOrtho(-400, 400, -400, 400, -500, 500);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glLoadIdentity();
glutKeyboardFunc(Keyboard);
glutDisplayFunc(DrawWindowOne);
LoadTextures();
#pragma endregion
#pragma region Initialise Window Two
glutInitWindowPosition(0, 450);
windowID[1] = glutCreateWindow("Perspective projection using glFrustum, ellipsoids");
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
glFrustum(-60, 60, -60, 60, 60, 200);
gluLookAt(0, 0, 120, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glLoadIdentity();
glutKeyboardFunc(Keyboard);
glutDisplayFunc(DrawWindowTwo);
LoadTextures();
#pragma endregion
Related
I have set the background texture with Ortho bounds.I have some drawings in perspective which are required to be overlaid on top of this.
Why the foreground Object in perspective cannot be seen?
void handleResize(int w, int h)
{
width=w;
height=h;
glViewport(0, 0, w, h);
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
gluPerspective(45.0, (float)w / (float)h, 1.0, 200.0);
}
void Draw2D()
{
//ORTHO
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
glOrtho(0.0f, 1024.0, 0.0, 512.0, 0.0, 1.f);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glLoadIdentity();
glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, _textureId);
//Bottom
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
glBegin (GL_QUADS);
glTexCoord2d(0.0,0.0); glVertex2d(0.0,0.0);
glTexCoord2d(1.0,0.0); glVertex2d(1024.0,0.0);
glTexCoord2d(1.0,1.0); glVertex2d(1024.0,512.0);
glTexCoord2d(0.0,1.0); glVertex2d(0.0,512.0);
glEnd();
}
void Draw3D()
{
//PERSPECTIVE
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
gluPerspective(45.0, (float)width / (float)height, 1.0, 200.0);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glLoadIdentity();
glTranslatef(0.0f, 0.0f, -6.0f);
glutWireCube(0.5);
}
void drawScene()
{
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
Draw3D();
Draw2D();
glutSwapBuffers();
}
#Matso..I am using below function for the depth testing
void initRendering()
{
//glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);//Comment this
glDepthMask(false);//Use this
glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
glEnable(GL_LIGHT0);
glEnable(GL_NORMALIZE);
glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);
Image* image = loadBMP("earth.bmp");
_textureId = loadTexture(image);
delete image;
}
Introducing
glDepthMask(false);
did the trick.I am able to view my perspective drawings.
I am trying something quite easy, normally: applying a texture on the different surfaces of a cube.
I am able to apply it but it seems as if he just takes an average of the colors of my image.
why please?
my code:
void MyGLWidget::drawCube()
{
glClear(GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT | GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glLoadIdentity();
// glPushMatrix();
glMatrixMode( GL_MODELVIEW );
glLoadIdentity();
glTranslatef( 0.5, 0, 0.0);
glRotatef(getCubeAngle(), 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
glTranslatef(0, 0, 0);
glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_GEN_S);
glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_GEN_T);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[0]);
glBegin(GL_QUADS);
//back
glVertex3f(-0.1, 0.1,-0.1 );//upper left corner
glVertex3f(0.1, 0.1,-0.1); //uper right
glVertex3f(0.1,-0.1,-0.1 ); // down left
glVertex3f(-0.1,-0.1,-0.1); // down right
/* other code to create rest of the cube*/
glEnd();
glFlush();
// glPopMatrix();
}
void MyGLWidget::resizeGL(int width, int height)
{
glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
glScalef(height *1./width, 1.0, 1.0);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
}
void MyGLWidget::myTextureMapping()
{
QImage t;
QImage b;
if(!b.load("..../myImage.bmp"))
{qDebug("error with image\n");}
t = QGLWidget::convertToGLFormat(b);
glGenTextures( 1, &texture[0] );
glBindTexture( GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[0] );
glTexImage2D( GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 3, t.width(), t.height(), 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, t.bits() );
glTexParameteri( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR );
glTexParameteri( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR );
}
void MyGLWidget::initializeGL()
{
myTextureMapping();
glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH);
glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.5f);
glClearDepth(1.0f);
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL);
glHint(GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL_NICEST);
}
EDIT:
added those tex coordinates:
glTexCoord2f(-0.1, 0.1);
glVertex3f(-0.1, 0.1,0 );//upper left corner
glTexCoord2f(0.1, 0.1);
glVertex3f(0.1, 0.1,0); //uper right
glTexCoord2f(0.1, -0.1);
glVertex3f(0.1,-0.1,0 ); // down left
glTexCoord2f(-0.1, -0.1);
glVertex3f(-0.1,-0.1,0); // down right
But my image is bigger than the face of my cube:
source image : http://imgur.com/h48QARM
result in software: http://imgur.com/rxvK0Ot
You should be providing the texture co-ordinates for each vertex. What you have right now is just a position data for the Quad, texture co-ordinates are missing.
Have a look at this :
OpenGL Textured Cube Not Being Mapped Correctly
Try this :
glTexCoord2f(0, 0);
glVertex3f(-0.1, 0.1,0 );//upper left corner
glTexCoord2f(1, 0);
glVertex3f(0.1, 0.1,0); //uper right
glTexCoord2f(0, 1);
glVertex3f(-0.1,-0.1,0 ); // down left
glTexCoord2f(1, 1);
glVertex3f(0.1,-0.1,0); // down right
Isn't the texture coordinates wrong? To me it seems like you're going -0.1 to 0.1, while texture coordinates normally are defined in the interval [0,1].
I'm trying to make a program showing a red rotating cube in the background, overlayed with a textured quad.
The texture is a simple 24-bit bitmap of the words "Hello World" in black over a white background. I want the white background to be transparent so that the cube can be seen behind the overlay. The image loader checks the value of each pixel and adds the relevant alpha value to convert the image into a 32-bit bitmap.
At the moment, my program displays the overlay with black text but a red background, same colour as the cube. Below is the code used for the initial texture set up:
if (bitmap->Load("test.bmp")) {
glGenTextures(1, &texture);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 3, bitmap->GetWidth(), bitmap->GetHeight(),
0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, bitmap->GetPixelData());
}
And this is the whole of my display function, in case anything is interfering with anything else.
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
gluPerspective(40, 1, 0.1, 27.0);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glLoadIdentity();
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glColor3f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
glTranslatef(0.0, 0.0, -1.1);
glRotatef(angle, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0);
glutSolidCube(0.1);
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
glOrtho(0.0, 640, 480, 0.0, -1.0, 10.0);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glLoadIdentity();
glDisable(GL_CULL_FACE);
glClear(GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
glEnable(GL_BLEND);
glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture);
glBegin(GL_QUADS);
glTexCoord2d(0.0, 0.0); glVertex2f(0.0, 0.0);
glTexCoord2d(1.0, 0.0); glVertex2f(320.0, 0.0);
glTexCoord2d(1.0, 1.0); glVertex2f(320.0, 240.0);
glTexCoord2d(0.0, 1.0); glVertex2f(0.0, 240.0);
glEnd();
glDisable(GL_BLEND);
glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
glFlush();
glutSwapBuffers();
The default texture environment is GL_MODULATE which mixes in the current color (red from your cube) with the incoming texel value.
Switch to GL_DECAL or do a glColor3ub(255,255,255) before you render your text.
I have been reading for a while the different techniques used to texture terrains and came across texture splatting. I have found a lot of articles that discuss how to do this in OpenGL, but most only discuss it theoretically and provide little to no code that I can study. Does anyone know/have some code that illustrates this in OpenGL?
Just to clarify, I want to be able to load four different textures, and based on the height of the quad/vertices, change the texture from one gradually to the next.
Edit: Below is a quick bit of code to help show what I want to know
#include <windows.h>
#include <SFML/Graphics.hpp>
#include <gl/gl.h>
#include <gl/glu.h>
#define GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE 0x812F
class Scene {
public:
void resize( int w, int h ) {
// OpenGL Reshape
glViewport( 0, 0, w, h );
glMatrixMode( GL_PROJECTION );
glLoadIdentity();
gluPerspective( 120.0, (GLdouble)w/(GLdouble)h, 0.5, 500.0 );
glMatrixMode( GL_MODELVIEW );
}
};
int main() {
sf::RenderWindow window(sf::VideoMode(800, 600, 32), "Test");
///Setup the scene, materials, lighting
Scene scene;
scene.resize(800,600);
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
glColorMaterial(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_EMISSION);
glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);
glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH);
glEnable(GL_BLEND);
glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
glEnable(GL_LIGHT0);
float XL = .5, YL = .1, ZL = 1;
GLfloat ambientLight[] = { 0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f, 1.0f };
GLfloat diffuseLight[] = { 0.8f, 0.8f, 0.8, 1.0f };
GLfloat specularLight[] = { 0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, 1.0f };
GLfloat lightpos[] = {XL, YL, ZL, 0.};
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_AMBIENT, ambientLight);
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_DIFFUSE, diffuseLight);
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_SPECULAR, specularLight);
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, lightpos);
///Test terrain texture splatting
///Load the textures
sf::Image tex1;
tex1.loadFromFile("texture1.png");
sf::Image tex2;
tex2.loadFromFile("texture2.png");
///Set the first texture
GLuint grass;
glGenTextures(1, &grass);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, grass);
glTexEnvf(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_REPLACE);
glTexParameterf( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR );
glTexParameterf( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR );
glTexImage2D( GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, tex1.getSize().x, tex1.getSize().y, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, (const GLvoid*)tex1.getPixelsPtr() );
///Set the second texture
GLuint dirt;
glGenTextures(1, &dirt);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, dirt);
glTexEnvf(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_REPLACE);
glTexParameterf( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR );
glTexParameterf( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR );
glTexImage2D( GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, tex2.getSize().x, tex2.getSize().y, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, (const GLvoid*)tex2.getPixelsPtr() );
///Start loop
while( window.isOpen() ) {
sf::Event event;
while( window.pollEvent( event ) ) {
if( event.type == sf::Event::Closed )
window.close();
}
///Clear buffer and set camera
glClear( GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT );
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
gluPerspective(50.0, 1.0, 1.0, 50);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glLoadIdentity();
gluLookAt(1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0);
///Begin rendering quad
glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, grass);
///I know that around here I should enable blending in order to get my two textures to mix, but I am not certain
glBegin(GL_QUADS);
glTexCoord2f(0, 0);
glVertex3f(-0.5, -0.5, 0.0);
glTexCoord2f(1, 0);
glVertex3f(-0.5, 0.5, 0.0);
glTexCoord2f(1, 1);
glVertex3f(0.5, 0.5, 0.0);
glTexCoord2f(0, 1);
glVertex3f(0.5, -0.5, 0.0);
glEnd();
///Reset env settings for SFML
glTexEnvf(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_MODULATE);
window.display();
}
return 1;
}
As people mentioned above, use programmable pipeline, use shaders. In the fragment shader you can pass all the textures and interpolate between them based on vertex data you receive from the vertex shader.
Quick search gave me this result. I am sure that is what you need. Also take a look at this post. And this paper explains the technique very well.
Alright, so I'm using cairo to turn an SVG into image data for openGL textures.
That part works.
But now the texture I'm using won't map to the quad I'm making. It's just showing up as a blank square.
Is there something up with the order I'm calling things in or is there some secret function I forgot to use?
const int SCREEN_WIDTH = 1280;
const int SCREEN_HEIGHT = 720;
const int SCREEN_BPP = 32;
int frame = 0;
SDL_Event event;
bool quit;
GLuint texture[1];
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
g_type_init();
rsvg_init();
SDL_Surface *screen = SDL_SetVideoMode( SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, SCREEN_BPP, SDL_OPENGL );
SDL_WM_SetCaption ("Cairo", NULL);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_DOUBLEBUFFER, 1);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_DEPTH_SIZE, 16);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_RED_SIZE, 8);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_GREEN_SIZE, 8);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_BLUE_SIZE, 8);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_ALPHA_SIZE, 8);
/*2D stuff - it worked here
glMatrixMode( GL_PROJECTION );
glLoadIdentity();
glOrtho( 0, SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, 0, -1, 1 );
glMatrixMode( GL_MODELVIEW );
glLoadIdentity();
glEnable (GL_BLEND);
glEnable (GL_TEXTURE_2D);
glBlendFunc (GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
glEnable (GL_TEXTURE_2D);
glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);
*/
//An attempt at setting up 3D stuff
glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
glMatrixMode( GL_MODELVIEW );
glMatrixMode( GL_PROJECTION );
glViewport(0,0,SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT);
glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH);
glClearColor(0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0);
glClearDepth(1.0);
glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE);
glEnable(GL_BLEND);
//glLoadIdentity();
float FlowerWidth = .5;
float FlowerHeight = .5;
float FlowerTextureWidth = 80;
float FlowerTextureHeight = 80;
float FlowerScaleWidth = 1;
float FlowerScaleHeight = 1;
cairo_surface_t* Flower;
cairo_t* context;
Flower = cairo_image_surface_create(CAIRO_FORMAT_ARGB32, FlowerTextureWidth, FlowerTextureHeight);
context = cairo_create(Flower);
const gchar* Filename = "resources/area/haneda/lavender.svg";
RsvgHandle* SvgData = rsvg_handle_new_from_file(Filename, NULL);
rsvg_handle_render_cairo_sub(SvgData, context,"#1000");
unsigned char *buffer = cairo_image_surface_get_data(Flower);
cairo_surface_write_to_png(Flower,"flower.png");
//Make a texture
glGenTextures(1, &texture[1]);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[1]);
glPixelStoref(GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, 1);
glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_REPEAT);
glTexParameterf (GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_REPEAT);
glTexParameterf (GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
glTexParameterf (GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
glTexEnvf(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_MODULATE);
glGetError();
//or am I supposed to use GL_TEXTURE_2D?
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D,
0,
GL_RGBA,
FlowerHeight,
FlowerWidth,
0,
GL_BGRA,
GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,
buffer);
//done
while (quit==false) {
while(SDL_PollEvent(&event)) {
if(event.type == SDL_QUIT) {
quit = true;
}
}
/*
FlowerScaleWidth+=.001;
FlowerScaleHeight+=.001;
cairo_scale(context,FlowerScaleWidth,FlowerScaleHeight);
*/
glBindTexture (GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[1]);
glBegin (GL_QUADS);
glTexCoord2f (0.0, 0.0);
glVertex3f (0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
glTexCoord2f (FlowerWidth, 0.0);
glVertex3f (FlowerWidth, 0.0, 0.0);
glTexCoord2f (FlowerWidth, FlowerHeight);
glVertex3f (FlowerWidth, FlowerHeight, 0.0);
glTexCoord2f (0.0, FlowerHeight);
glVertex3f (0.0, FlowerHeight, 0.0);
glEnd ();
glDeleteTextures(1, &texture[1]);
cairo_save (context);
cairo_set_source_rgba (context, 0, 0, 0, 0);
cairo_set_operator (context, CAIRO_OPERATOR_SOURCE);
cairo_paint (context);
cairo_restore (context);
SDL_GL_SwapBuffers();
//glClear( GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT );
//SDL_Delay(100);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glGetError();
SDL_Delay(400);
}
}
For some reason, you've made an int array of length 1, but you pass the (non-existing) element 2 to glGenTextures. That reads beyond the array bounds and is undefined behavior. You also seem to delete the texture name inside your rendering loop. The same illegal indexing is used there too, as well in your call to glBindTexture.