grayscale image creation 16 bits - c++

I am using openCV for the first time. I am using openCV3 and XCode to code it. I want to create a 16 bit grayscale image but I want to the data I have is defined such that 4000 is the pixel value for white and 0 for black. I have the information for these pixels in an array of type int. How can I create a Mat and assign the values in the array to the Mat?

short data[] = { 0,0,4000,4000,0,0,4000, ...};
Mat gray16 = Mat(h, w, CV_16S, data);
again, the types must match. for 16bit, you need CV_16S and a shortarray, for 8bit CV_8U and a uchar* array, for float CV_32S and a float* ....

You can create your Mat with
cv::Mat m(rows, cols, CV_16UC1);
but to my knowledge, there is no way to define a custom value for "white", you'll have to multiply m with std::numeric_limits::max / 4000. However, this is only necessary when displaying the image.
A lookup-table could do the same (potentially slower), see cv::LUT. However, it appearently only supports 8-bit images.
edit: OK, I missed the part about assigning existing array values; see berak's answer. I hope the answer is still useful.

Related

Initialize an OpenCV Mat with pixel data in RGBA channel order

Hel lo,
I am writing an effect plug-in for Adobe After Effects in C++, and I need to create a cv::Mat using pixel data that's already in memory. However, when I initialize it using:
cv::Mat in_frame_mat(height, width, CV_8UC4, input->data);
(input->data is a pointer to the first byte), the output is all blue.
I think this is because AE stores pixel data RGBA or ARGB while OpenCV assumes BGRA or ABGR (not sure which).
I know that I could iterate through every pixel and create a new space in memory to store a BGRA representation of the image, then initialize a cv::Mat with that, but this is really performance constrained and I don't want to add unnecessary compute time.
Is there a way to create a cv::Mat using existing pixel data that is stored RGBA?
Thanks!
OpenCV assumes the channel order is BGR (or BGRA).
You can use cv::cvtColor to change your input to BGRA.
The 3rd parameter code should be one of the values from cv::ColorConversionCodes, e.g.: cv::COLOR_RGBA2BGRA (seems to be what you need).
Update:
Following the OP's comment below that his input is actually ARGB (not RGBA):
ARGB to BGRA is not supported by cv::cvtColor.
But you can use cv:mixChannels to do any arbitrary reordering of the channels (the fromTo parameter specifies the reordering).
See below how to use it to convert ARGB to BGRA:
#include <vector>
cv::Mat argb; // initialized from your input data
cv::Mat bgra(argb.size(), argb.type());
std::vector<int> fromTo{ 0,3, 1,2, 2,1, 3,0 }; // ARGB->BGRA: 0->3, 1->2, 2->1, 3->0
cv::mixChannels(argb, bgra, fromTo);
If your OpenCV version does not support this flavor of cv::mixChannels (with std::vector etc.), you can try:
cv::Mat argb; // initialized from your input data
cv::Mat bgra(argb.size(), argb.type());
int fromTo[] = { 0,3, 1,2, 2,1, 3,0 }; // ARGB->BGRA: 0->3, 1->2, 2->1, 3->0
cv::mixChannels(&argb, 1, &bgra, 1, fromTo, 4);
Update 2:
In order to convert ARGB to BGR (i.e. without the alpha channel), you can use cv::mixChannels in the following way:
#include <vector>
cv::Mat argb; // initialized from your input data
cv::Mat bgr(argb.size(), CV_8UC3); // NOTE: the type is CV_8UC3, not argb.type()
std::vector<int> fromTo{ 1,2, 2,1, 3,0 }; // ARGB->BGR: 1->2, 2->1, 3->0
cv::mixChannels(argb, bgr, fromTo);

OpenCV - RGB Channels in Float Data Type and Intensity Range within 0-255

How can I achieve the values of the RGB channels as
Float data type
Intensity range within 0-255
I used CV_32FC4 as the matrix type since I'll perform floating-point mathematical operations to implement Daltonization. I was expecting that the intensity range is the same with the intensity range of the RGB Channels in CV_8UC3, just having a different data type. But when I printed the matrix I noticed that the intensities of the channels are not within 0-255. I realized that it due to the range of the float matrix type.
Mat mFrame(height, width, CV_32FC4, (unsigned char *)pNV21FrameData);
for(int y = 0 ; y < height ; y++){
for(int x = 0 ; x < width ; x++){
Vec4f BGRA = mFrame.at<Vec4f>(y,x);
// Algorithm Implementation
mFrame.at<Vec4f>(y,x) = BGRA;
}
}
Mat mResult;
mFrame.convertTo(mResult, CV_8UC4, 1.0/255.0);
I need to manipulate the pixels like BGRA[0] = BGRA[0] * n; then assign it back to the matrix.
By your comments and the link in it I see that the data comes in BGRA. The data is in uchar.
I assume this from this line:
Mat mResult(height, width, CV_8UC4, (unsigned char *)poutPixels);
To solve this you can create the matrix and then convert it to float.
Mat mFrame(height, width, CV_8UC4, (unsigned char *)pNV21FrameData);
Mat mFloatFrame;
mFrame.convertTo(mFloatFrame, CV_32FC4);
Notice that this will keep the current ranges (0-255) if you need another one (like 0-1) you may put the scaling factor.
Finally you can convert back, but beware that this function does saturate_cast. If you have an specific way you want to manage the overflow or the decimals, you will have to do it before converting it.
Mat mResult;
mFloatFrame.convertTo(mResult, CV_8UC4);
Note that 1.0/255.0 is not there, since the data is already in the range of 0-255 (at least before the operations).
One final comment, the link in your comments use IplImage and other old C (deprecated) versions of OpenCv. If you are working in c++, stick to the c++ versions like Mat. This is not in the code you show here, but in the you linked. This comment is more for you to avoid future headaches.

Viewing 8 bit RAW image file in openCV

I have a raw file which contains a header of 5 bytes containing the number of rows and columns in first two bits each . The 5th byte contains the number of bits for each pixel in the image which is 8 bits in all cases. The image data follows after that.
Since I am new to openCV, i want to ask how to view this RAW image file as an greyscale image using C++?
I know how to read binary data in C++ and have stored the image as a 2-D unsigned char array (since each pixel is 8 bit).
Can anyone please tell me how to view this data as image using openCV ?
I am using the below code , but getting a completely weird image :
void openRaw() {
cv::Mat img(numRows, numCols,CV_8U,&(image[0][0]));
//img.t();
cv::imshow("img",img);
cv::waitKey();
}
Any help will be greatly appreciated.
Thanks,
Rohit
You have to convert it to an IplImage.
If you want to see it as a pure grey-scale image, its actually rather easy.
Example code I use in one application:
CvSize mSize;
mSize.height = 960;
mSize.width = 1280;
IplImage* image1 = cvCreateImage(mSize, 8, 1);
memcpy( image1->imageData, rawDataPointer, sizeOfImage);
cvNamedWindow( "corners1", 1 );
cvShowImage( "corners1", image1 );
At that point you have a valid IplImage, which you can then display. (last 2 lines of code display it)
If the image is bayer-tiled, you will have to convert to RGB.
c++ notation:
cv::Mat img(rows,cols,CV_8U,ptrToDat);
cv::imwhow("img",img);
cv::waitkey();
*data should be saved columwise, otherewise use:
cv::Mat img(cols,rows,CV_8U,ptrToDat);
img=img.t();
cv::imwhow("img",img);
cv::waitkey();

converting float to unsigned char in OpenCV

I have designed a filter in the form of a horizontal 1D vector using OpenCV and C++. The vector consists of float data. The original uchar data of the grayscale image is multiplied with this float vector as a 1 dimensional window to obtain the result. However, I am not getting proper results.
When the vector elements are multiplied with the image pixel values, the exceed the range 0-255 and I think this is causing problems.
Is there any way to typecast this float data into uchar to get proper results?
I'm using Img.at<uchar> = (uchar)(floatVector) right now.
Thanks
I will suggest you to type cast after you have multiplied...so convert your uchar image matrix to CV_32FC1 (since you say its grayscale image so channel = 1)....do the convolution of the image with your filter then type cast the values to ucharfor displaying may be..
You want to carry out the multiplication in the float type, and only at the end, convert back to unsigned char. Don't forget to also have your float vector normalized (all values add up to 1)
So basically you want
Data.at(coordinates) = (unsigned char)
(floatVector(0)*(Data.at(coord0) + ... + FloatVector(last)*Data.at(coordLast))

How can i change a pixel value from a grayscaled image using Opencv 2.3?

When i read a grayscaled image using for example in Opencv 2.3:
Mat src = imread("44.png" ,0);
How can i access the pixel value of it?
I know if its RGB i can use:
std::cout << src.at<cv::Vec3b>(i,j)[0].
Thanks in advance.
Since a grayscale image contains only one component instead of 3, the resulting matrix/image is of type CV_8UC1 instead of CV_8UC3. And this in turn means, that individual pixels are not 3-vectors of bytes (cv::Vec3b) but just single bytes (unsigned char or OpenCV's uchar). So you can just use:
src.at<unsigned char>(i, j)