I am trying to figure out how to extract values from a text file as a type double so that they can be used in calculations.
I have a text file that is formatted like:
parameter1 parameter2 parameter3
50 0 0.1
And I want to extract only the numbers.
This is one of my attempts (I have been working for hours trying to figure out how to do this).
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
const int MAX = 80;
char buffer[MAX];
string input;
double j;
ifstream param0;
param0.open("param0.txt");
char ch;
while (param0)
{
param0.get(ch);
cout << ch;
}
getline(param0, input);
param0 >> j;
while (param0)
{
cout << j << endl;
getline(param0, input);
param0 >> j;
}
return 0;
}
this code
char ch;
while (param0)
{
param0.get(ch);
cout << ch;
}
runs to the end of the file. All reads after it will return nothing. Either take this loop out or rewind the file param0.rewind()
The basic idea of the code should be:
std::string line;
double p1, p2, p3;
std::string more;
while (std::getline(in, line)) {
std::istringstream iss{line};
if (iss >> p1 >> p2 >> p3 && !(iss >> more)) {
std::printf("p1=%f, p2=%f, p3=%f\n", p1, p2, p3);
} else {
std::printf("invalid line: %s\n", line.c_str());
}
}
In plain words, the code says: a line is valid if it contains three numbers and nothing more.
C++ purists will say that I shouldn't use printf in C++, but I like the separation between formatting and the actual data.
suggestion :
best to check if you open the file correctly.
close the file once you finish with it.
you can just use the >> operator if you reading everything in one line. It doesn't matter if its string or double as long as if you pass the correct storage variable;
string param1;
string param2;
string param3;
double j,k,l;
ifstream file("test.txt",std::ios::in);
if (!file.is_open())
std::cout << "failed to open " << endl;
while (file)
{
file >> param1 >> param2 >>param3; // getting as strings
cout << param1 <<", "<< param2<<", "<< param3<<endl;
file >> j >> k >> l; //getting as doubles
cout << j <<", " << k <<", " << l<<endl;
}
file.close();
return 0;
output
parameter1, parameter2, parameter3
50, 0, 0.1
I am facing a problem how to read space separated data from input stream.
Lets say we need to input J 123 7 3 M. First is letter and last is letter. The rest is int.
vector<int> ints;
vector<char> chars;
stringstream ss;
...
cin >> c
chars.push_back(c);
ss << c;
cin >> i;
while(ss << i) {
ints.push_back(i);
}
...
But this code does not resolve the problem. I tried lots of combinations and still nothing.
I was thinking that I could read everything as char and then convert it to int.
I know that there are similar questions to that but in my case I would like to solve that without string and not dynami arrays (may be dynamic array but without set length).
EDIT
I managed to read such stram by:
char first, last;
int i;
std::cin >> first;
std::cout << first;
while(std::cin >> i) {
std::cout << i;
}
std::cin >> last;
std::cout << last;
But there is one problem:
writing "F 1 23 2 2 W" displays F12322#. Don't know why there is "#" at the end.
Any thoughts?
EDIT2:
std::cin.clear();
after while loop solves the problem.
In order to organize and add your data you could create a small struct which with an operator>> for example (ideone):
struct line{
char f1,f5; // give them meaningful names
int f2,f3,f4;
friend std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, line &l) {
is >> l.f1;
is >> l.f2;
is >> l.f3;
is >> l.f4;
is >> l.f5;
return is;
}
};
int main() {
string input = "J 123 7 3 M\nK 123 7 3 E\nH 16 89 3 M";
stringstream ss(input);
vector<line> v;
line current;
while(ss >> current){
v.push_back(current);
}
for (auto &val: v){
cout<< val.f1 << endl;
}
return 0;
}
Each time you read something you can do whatever you'd like with the current line. If each lien does not have a specific meaning you could just do a
while(ss>>f1>>f2>>f3>>f4>>f5){
// do stuff with fields
}
Where ss is a stringstream but it could all so be cin.
If you know the number of elements and its type then you can use the following code for
#include<vector>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int i;
char c;
vector<int> ints;
vector<char> chars;
cin>>c;
chars.push_back(c);
for(int j=0;j<3;j++){
cin>>i;
ints.push_back(i);
}
cin>>c;
chars.push_back(c);
}
I'm writing a program that prompts the user for:
Size of array
Values to be put into the array
First part is fine, I create a dynamically allocated array (required) and make it the size the user wants.
I'm stuck on the next part. The user is expected to enter in a series of ints separated by commas such as: 1,2,3,4,5
How do I take in those ints and put them into my dynamically allocated array? I read that by default cin takes in integers separated by whitespace, can I change this to commas?
Please explain in the simplest manner possible, I am a beginner to programming (sorry!)
EDIT: TY so much for all the answers. Problem is we haven't covered vectors...is there a method only using the dynamically allocated array I have?
so far my function looks like this. I made a default array in main. I plan to pass it to this function, make the new array, fill it, and update the pointer to point to the new array.
int *fill (int *&array, int *limit) {
cout << "What is the desired array size?: ";
while ( !(cin >> *limit) || *limit < 0 ) {
cout << " Invalid entry. Please enter a positive integer: ";
cin.clear();
cin.ignore (1000, 10);
}
int *newarr;
newarr = new int[*limit]
//I'm stuck here
}
All of the existing answers are excellent, but all are specific to your particular task. Ergo, I wrote a general touch of code that allows input of comma separated values in a standard way:
template<class T, char sep=','>
struct comma_sep { //type used for temporary input
T t; //where data is temporarily read to
operator const T&() const {return t;} //acts like an int in most cases
};
template<class T, char sep>
std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& in, comma_sep<T,sep>& t)
{
if (!(in >> t.t)) //if we failed to read the int
return in; //return failure state
if (in.peek()==sep) //if next character is a comma
in.ignore(); //extract it from the stream and we're done
else //if the next character is anything else
in.clear(); //clear the EOF state, read was successful
return in; //return
}
Sample usage http://coliru.stacked-crooked.com/a/a345232cd5381bd2:
typedef std::istream_iterator<comma_sep<int>> istrit; //iterators from the stream
std::vector<int> vec{istrit(in), istrit()}; //construct the vector from two iterators
Since you're a beginner, this code might be too much for you now, but I figured I'd post this for completeness.
A priori, you should want to check that the comma is there, and
declare an error if it's not. For this reason, I'd handle the
first number separately:
std::vector<int> dest;
int value;
std::cin >> value;
if ( std::cin ) {
dest.push_back( value );
char separator;
while ( std::cin >> separator >> value && separator == ',' ) {
dest.push_back( value );
}
}
if ( !std::cin.eof() ) {
std::cerr << "format error in input" << std::endl;
}
Note that you don't have to ask for the size first. The array
(std::vector) will automatically extend itself as much as
needed, provided the memory is available.
Finally: in a real life example, you'd probably want to read
line by line, in order to output a line number in case of
a format error, and to recover from such an error and continue.
This is a bit more complicated, especially if you want to be
able to accept the separator before or after the newline
character.
You can use getline() method as below:
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
int main()
{
std::string input_str;
std::vector<int> vect;
std::getline( std::cin, input_str );
std::stringstream ss(str);
int i;
while (ss >> i)
{
vect.push_back(i);
if (ss.peek() == ',')
ss.ignore();
}
}
The code is taken and processed from this answer.
Victor's answer works but does more than is necessary. You can just directly call ignore() on cin to skip the commas in the input stream.
What this code does is read in an integer for the size of the input array, reserve space in a vector of ints for that number of elements, then loop up to the number of elements specified alternately reading an integer from standard input and skipping separating commas (the call to cin.ignore()). Once it has read the requested number of elements, it prints them out and exits.
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
#include <limits>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
int main() {
vector<int> vals;
int i;
cin >> i;
vals.reserve(i);
for (size_t j = 0; j != vals.capacity(); ++j) {
cin >> i;
vals.push_back(i);
cin.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), ',');
}
copy(begin(vals), end(vals), ostream_iterator<int>(cout, ", "));
cout << endl;
}
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int x,i=0;
char y; //to store commas
int arr[50];
while(!cin.eof()){
cin>>x>>y;
arr[i]=x;
i++;
}
for(int j=0;j<i;j++)
cout<<arr[j]; //array contains only the integer part
return 0;
}
The code can be simplified a bit with new std::stoi function in C+11. It takes care of spaces in the input when converting and throws an exception only when a particular token has started with non-numeric character. This code will thus accept input
" 12de, 32, 34 45, 45 , 23xp,"
easily but reject
" de12, 32, 34 45, 45 , 23xp,"
One problem is still there as you can see that in first case it will display " 12, 32, 34, 45, 23, " at the end where it has truncated "34 45" to 34. A special case may be added to handle this as error or ignore white space in the middle of token.
wchar_t in;
std::wstring seq;
std::vector<int> input;
std::wcout << L"Enter values : ";
while (std::wcin >> std::noskipws >> in)
{
if (L'\n' == in || (L',' == in))
{
if (!seq.empty()){
try{
input.push_back(std::stoi(seq));
}catch (std::exception e){
std::wcout << L"Bad input" << std::endl;
}
seq.clear();
}
if (L'\n' == in) break;
else continue;
}
seq.push_back(in);
}
std::wcout << L"Values entered : ";
std::copy(begin(input), end(input), std::ostream_iterator<int, wchar_t>(std::wcout, L", "));
std::cout << std::endl;
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int a[1000];
int main(){
string s;
cin>>s;
int i=0;
istringstream d(s);
string b;
while(getline(d,b,',')){
a[i]= stoi(b);
i++;
}
for(int j=0;j<i;j++){
cout<<a[j]<<" ";
}
}
This code works nicely for C++ 11 onwards, its simple and i have used stringstreams and the getline and stoi functions
You can use scanf instead of cin and put comma beside data type symbol
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int a[10],sum=0;
cout<<"enter five numbers";
for(int i=0;i<3;i++){
scanf("%d,",&a[i]);
sum=sum+a[i];
}
cout<<sum;
}
First, take the input as a string, then parse the string and store it in a vector, you will get your integers.
vector<int> v;
string str;
cin >> str;
stringstream ss(str);
for(int i;ss>>i;){
v.push_back(i);
if(ss.peek() == ','){
ss.ignore();
}
}
for(auto &i:v){
cout << i << " ";
}
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
int hmlines(ifstream &a){
int i=0;
string line;
while (getline(a,line)){
cout << line << endl;
i++;
}
return i;
}
int hmwords(ifstream &a){
int i=0;
char c;
while ((c=a.get()) && (c!=EOF)){
if(c==' '){
i++;
}
}
return i;
}
int main()
{
int l=0;
int w=0;
string filename;
ifstream matos;
start:
cout << "give me the name of the file i wish to count lines, words and chars: ";
cin >> filename;
matos.open(filename.c_str());
if (matos.fail()){
goto start;
}
l = hmlines(matos);
matos.seekg(0, ios::beg);
w = hmwords(matos);
/*c = hmchars(matos);*/
cout << "The # of lines are :" << l << ". The # of words are : " << w ;
matos.close();
}
The file that i am trying to open has the following contents.
Twinkle, twinkle, little bat!
How I wonder what you're at!
Up above the world you fly,
Like a teatray in the sky.
The output i get is:
give me the name of the file i wish to count lines, words and chars: ert.txt
Twinkle, twinkle, little bat!
How I wonder what you're at!
Up above the world you fly,
Like a teatray in the sky.
The # of lines are :4. The # of words are : 0
int hmwords(ifstream &a){
int i;
You've forgotten to initialize i. It can contain absolutely anything at that point.
Also note that operator>> on streams skips whitespace by default. Your word counting loop needs the noskipws modifier.
a >> noskipws >> c;
Another problem is that after you call hmlines, matos is at end of stream. You need to reset it if you want to read the file again. Try something like:
l = hmlines(matos);
matos.clear();
matos.seekg(0, ios::beg);
w = hmwords(matos);
(The clear() is necessary, otherwise seekg has no effect.)
Formatted input eats whitespaces. You can just count tokens directly:
int i = 0;
std::string dummy;
// Count words from the standard input, aka "cat myfile | ./myprog"
while (cin >> dummy) ++i;
// Count files from an input stream "a", aka "./myprog myfile"
while (a >> dummy) ++i;
I'm trying to collect information from a textfile which contains names of organisations (without spaces) and floating integers. I want to store this information in an array structure.
The problem I'm having so far is collecting the information. Here is a sample of the textfile:
CBA 12.3 4.5 7.5 2.9 4.1
TLS 3.9 1 8.6 12.8 4.9
I can have up to 128 different numbers for each organisation, and up to 200 organisations in the textfile.
This is what my structure looks like so far:
struct callCentre
{
char name[256];
float data[20];
};
My main:
int main()
{
callCentre aCentre[10];
getdata(aCentre);
calcdata(aCentre);
printdata(aCentre);
return 0;
}
And the getdata function:
void getdata(callCentre aCentre[])
{
ifstream ins;
char dataset[20];
cout << "Enter the name of the data file: ";
cin >> dataset;
ins.open(dataset);
if(ins.good())
{
while(ins.good())
{
ins >> aCentre[c].name;
for(int i = 0; i < MAX; i++)
{
ins >> aCentre[c].data[i];
if(ins == '\n')
break;
}
c++;
}
}
else
{
cout << "Data files couldnt be found." << endl;
}
ins.close();
}
What I'm trying to achieve in my getdata function is this: store the organisation name first into the structure, then read each float into the data array until the program detects a newline byte. However, so far my check for the newline byte isn't working.
Assume that variables c and MAX are already defined.
How should I go about this properly?
The >> operator treats whitespace as a delimiter, and that includes newlines, so it just eats those and you never see them.
You need to read lines and then chop the lines up. The following bit of hackery illustrates the basic idea:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
string line;
while( getline( cin, line ) ) {
istringstream is( line );
string cs;
is >> cs;
double vals[10];
int i = 0;
while( is >> vals[i] ) {
i++;
}
cout << "CS: " << cs;
for ( int j = 0; j < i; j++ ) {
cout << " " << vals[j];
}
cout << endl;
}
}
char byte = ins.peek();
Or
if(ins.peek() == '\n') break;
(Edit): You'll want to also check for an eof after your peek(), because some files may not have a ending newline.
I'd like to point out that you might want to consider using a vector<callCentre> instead of a static array. If your input file length exceeds the capacity of the array, you'll walk all over the stack.
I would read the file, one line after another and parse each line individually for the values:
std::string line;
while (std::getline(ins, line)) {
std::istringstream sline(line);
sline >> aCentre[c].name;
int i = 0;
while (sline >> aCentre[c].data[i])
i++;
c++;
}