Qt QList does not append local Objects - c++

Question

I have a understanding-problem why following code does not store any QString-Objects into my QList
QMap<QString, QList<QString> >map;
map = QMap<QString, QList<QString> >();
map.insert("eins", QList<QString>());
QList<QString> listInMap = map["eins"];
listInMap.append("test1");
listInMap.append("test2");
QList<QString> copyOfListInMap = map.value("eins");
qDebug() << copyOfListInMap.count();
Output: 0

Answer 1

The reason is simple: copy on write, aka. implicit sharing
QList<QString> listInMap = map["eins"];
At this point, you have not yet got a hard copy, only a "reference". That is not fair in the standard C++ sense, but imagine it as a "shallow copy". However, when you start appending in here, the list will copied and the original will left empty. It is because QList is implemented the way that is CoW (copy-on-write).
listInMap.append("test1");
listInMap.append("test2");
On a side note, you may wish to take a look at QStringList. While it inherits QList, it also has some additional convenience methods.
Now, you may be asking: How am I supposed to fill my map in, then?.
Multi map
I would personally suggest to use QMultiMap or at least QMap with insertMulti.
main.cpp
#include <QMap>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QString>
int main()
{
QMultiMap<QString, QString> map;
map.insert("eins", "test1");
map.insert("eins", "test2");
qDebug() << map.count();
return 0;
}
main.pro
TEMPLATE = app
TARGET = main
QT = core
SOURCES += main.cpp
Build and Run
qmake && make && ./main
Output
2
Single map
If you stick to the current approach, I would suggest to either append the value into a new QStringList with which you will overwrite the value, or hold a reference to the exact same list.
Having said that, in your case, it looks a bit overkill to even consider an external storage for insertion. You ought to do that right away in my humble opinion.
main.cpp
#include <QMap>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QString>
int main()
{
QMap<QString, QStringList> map;
map.insert("eins", QStringList{"test1", "test2"});
qDebug() << map.value("eins").count();
return 0;
}
main.pro
TEMPLATE = app
TARGET = main
QT = core
CONFIG += c++11
SOURCES += main.cpp
Build and Run
qmake && make && ./main
Output
2

Answer 2

According to the documentation your sample should be changed as follow:
QMap<QString, QList<QString> >map;
QList<QString> & listInMap = map["eins"]; // use reference here
listInMap.append("test1");
listInMap.append("test2");
QList<QString> copyOfListInMap = map.value("eins");
qDebug() << copyOfListInMap.count();