I have a pyramid application with multiple views each depending on a single mako template. The views are quite complicated and bug free, so I don't want to split or merge views, and by extension, the corresponding templates.
However, I would like a single view to represent all the others. Merging all the pyramid views and templates is practically not an option.
For example, I have a login view & template and a signup view & template. Now I want my root page to contain both of them. Both login and signup inherit from base.mak, which contains common scripts and style sheet imports. The following is a pictorial representation of the mako import structure I want.
base.mak
/ \
login.mak signup.mak
\ /
root.mak
Alternatively, I tried chaining them as such:
base -> login -> signup -> root
However, I think that the views no longer talk to their respective templates.
My problem comes in when I do the 3rd chain (login.mak -> signup). I'll post analogous and extract code below, since my full code is a bit long (If more code is needed, feel free to shout).
base.mak:
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>
${next.title()}
</title>
#Imports
${next.head()}
</head>
<body>
<div id = "content">
${next.body()}
</div>
</body>
</html>
login.mak:
<%inherit file="base.mak"/>
<%def name="title()">
${next.title()}
</%def>
<%def name="head()">
${next.head()}
</%def>
<div id="login">
<div id="message">
${sMessage}
</div>
<div id="form">
<form action="${url}" method="post"> <--- url returned in views.py
...
</div>
${next.body()}
signup.mak:
<%inherit file="login.mak"/>
<%def name="title()">
</%def>
<%def name="head()">
</%def>
<div id="box">
...
</div>
Now my problem here is that my url returned from my views is undefined when I try to inherit as in above.
Then of course if I get this working, adding base.mak to to inherit from signup should be trivial.
I assume that there is a simple fix for this, but I can't find an example/explanation on how to do this in pyramid, where the templates actually do stuff.
Alternatively, Is there another way to bring together multiple pyramid views and templates into a single view?
Ok, I figured it out. One has to use mako's <%include/>, and then there is no complicated inheritance structure. So, now my files look like this:
root.mak
<%inherit file="base.mak"/>
<%def name="title()">
Welcome
</%def>
<%def name="head()">
</%def>
<%include file="login.mak"/>
<%include file="signup.mak"/>
login.mak:
<%inherit file="base.mak"/>
<%def name="title()">
</%def>
<%def name="head()">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="${request.static_url(...
</%def>
<div id="login">
<div id=".....
</div>
and the same structure with signup.mak. base.mak still looks the same as in the question above.
Now, if you're using pyramid (I assume another framework will work the same), and you have views that receive and pass information from forms for example, then turn them into normal functions (without #view_config(renderer='path/file.mak') and place their functionality into the parent view function, in my case root. In other words:
#view_config(renderer='pyramidapp:templates/root.mak',
context=Root,
name="")
#forbidden_view_config(renderer='pyramidapp:templates/root.mak')
def root(self):
xLoginRet = login(self)
xSignupRet = signup(self)
#logic and functionality for both, return stuff to go to base.mak
Related
I would like to create a web page that will display data I have in a table inside a code block just the way it is here, even with a copy function.
I can already display the data on the page, I just like to have it formatted in a pretty box, maybe even with syntax highlights, I looked at Pygments but I can't get it to work.
Below is a sample code block that I would like to re-create in my Django app.
Please don't pay attention to the actual code, this is only a sample.
I would appreciate if you could please let me know in detail how to implement this.
# Python Program to find the area of triangle
a = 5
b = 6
c = 7
# Uncomment below to take inputs from the user
# a = float(input('Enter first side: '))
# b = float(input('Enter second side: '))
# c = float(input('Enter third side: '))
# calculate the semi-perimeter
s = (a + b + c) / 2
# calculate the area
area = (s*(s-a)*(s-b)*(s-c)) ** 0.5
print('The area of the triangle is %0.2f' %area)
Honestly, your question is more related to CSS and Javascript than Python / Django.
This took me a while...Based on what you said, I will assume you know the basics of Django.
models.py
from django.db import models
class Codeblock(models.Model):
text = models.TextField()
...
views.py
from .models import Codeblock
def codes(request):
codeblocks = Codeblock.objects.all()
return render(request, 'list_codes.html', {'codeblocks': codeblocks})
To format code blocks you can use HTML pre and code tags (Bootstrap 5 examples):
<pre><code>{{codeblocks.text}}</code></pre>
The tricky part was trying to find a way to hightlight the syntax. After a few dead ends I have found highlight.js that worked very well. It has documentation on basic usage and various themes for you to play with, you can test them using this CDN library, it is also possible to write your own theme.
There was one last problem related on how to copy the text. Although it is easy to copy text to clipboard, its not an easy task (at least for me) to have a styled button placed in the right place. To not extend myself, after a while I found this highlightjs-copy project, that not only copy the text to clipboard but has a perfect button in the right place.
With that being said, at last, here is an example:
list_codes.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<!-- bootstrap -->
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap#5.2.3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" integrity="sha384-kenU1KFdBIe4zVF0s0G1M5b4hcpxyD9F7jL+jjXkk+Q2h455rYXK/7HAuoJl+0I4" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap#5.2.3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-rbsA2VBKQhggwzxH7pPCaAqO46MgnOM80zW1RWuH61DGLwZJEdK2Kadq2F9CUG65" crossorigin="anonymous">
<!-- highlight.js -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/11.7.0/styles/base16/ashes.min.css" integrity="sha512-KX15mI6Sw0VzQyAOf4MAPS9BZ0tWXyZrGPHKSkqDmy40Jl+79f8ltpj6FvLJ+3obnH56ww0ukclsd6xGAxb5mA==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" />
<script src="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/11.7.0/highlight.min.js"></script>
<script>hljs.highlightAll();</script>
<!-- highlightjs-copy -->
<script src="https://unpkg.com/highlightjs-copy/dist/highlightjs-copy.min.js"></script>
<link
rel="stylesheet"
href="https://unpkg.com/highlightjs-copy/dist/highlightjs-copy.min.css"
/>
<script>hljs.addPlugin(new CopyButtonPlugin());</script>
</head>
<body style="background-color: hsl(0,0%,22.5%);">
{% for codeblock in codeblocks %}
<div class="container">
<!-- Need to be in one line or will not render correctly -->
<pre><code class="language-python">{{codeblock.text}}</code></pre>
</div>
{% endfor %}
</body>
</html>
I Want to develop a flask navigation bar like Google Contacts.
I Want to Render a particular HTML page inside the red box (as in the picture) when I click each of the navigation buttons (the green box as in picture) without refreshing the page.
I have already tried using
{% extends "layout.html" %}
As #Klaus D. mentioned in the comments section, what you want to achieve can be done using Javascript only. Maybe your question were
How can I send a request to my server-side (to get or fetch some information) and receive back a response on the client-side without having to refresh the page unlike the POST method usually does?
I will try to address the aforementioned question because that's probably your case.
A potential solution
Use Ajax for this. Build a function that sends a payload with certain information to the server and once you receive back the response you use that data to dynamically modify the part of the web-page you desire to modify.
Let's first build the right context for the problem. Let's assume you want to filter some projects by their category and you let the user decide. That's the idea of AJAX, the user can send and retrieve data from a server asynchronously.
HTML (div to be modified)
<div class="row" id="construction-projects"></div>
Javascript (Client-side)
$.post('/search_pill', {
category: category, // <---- This is the info payload you send to the server.
}).done(function(data){ // <!--- This is a callback that is being called after the server finished with the request.
// Here you dynamically change parts of your content, in this case we modify the construction-projects container.
$('#construction-projects').html(data.result.map(item => `
<div class="col-md-4">
<div class="card card-plain card-blog">
<div class="card-body">
<h6 class="card-category text-info">${category}</h6>
<h4 class="card-title">
${item.title_intro.substring(0, 40)}...
</h4>
<p class="card-description">
${item.description_intro.substring(0, 80)}... <br>
Read More
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
`))
}).fail(function(){
console.log('error') // <!---- This is the callback being called if there are Internal Server problems.
});
}
Build a function that will fetch the current page via ajax, but not the whole page, just the div in question from the server. The data will then (again via jQuery) be put inside the same div in question and replace old content with new one.
Flask (Server-side)
''' Ajax path for filtering between project Categories. '''
#bp.route('/search_pill', methods=['POST'])
def search_pill():
category = request.form['category']
current_page = int(request.form['current_page'])
## Search in your database and send back the serialized object.
return jsonify(result = [p.serialize() for p in project_list])
Thank you #CaffeinatedCod3r,#Klaus D and #newbie99 for your answers.
I Figured it out. instead of using Flask we can use Angular JS Routing for navigation.
Here is the example that i referred:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/angularjs/1.6.9/angular.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/angularjs/1.6.9/angular-route.js"></script>
<head>
<base href="/">
</head>
<body ng-app="myApp">
<p>Main</p>
Banana
Tomato
<p>Click on the links to change the content.</p>
<p>Use the "otherwise" method to define what to display when none of the links are clicked.</p>
<div ng-view></div>
<script>
var app = angular.module("myApp", ["ngRoute"]);
app.config(function($routeProvider, $locationProvider) {
$routeProvider
.when("/banana", {
template : "<h1>Banana</h1><p>Bananas contain around 75% water.</p>"
})
.when("/tomato", {
template : "<h1>Tomato</h1><p>Tomatoes contain around 95% water.</p>"
})
.otherwise({
template : "<h1>Nothing</h1><p>Nothing has been selected</p>"
});
$locationProvider.html5Mode(true);
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
By Using $locationProvider.html5Mode(true) i was able to remove the # from the URL.
I want to create a dynamic CSS file in a view and then render a template which loads that CSS file. Depending on the arguments given to the view, the CSS may have different values at certain places every time the view is called. How would I go about doing that? (I should add that I have no experience with writing files in Python/Django.)
Here is a simplified example of how I think it should work:
# urls.py
urlpatterns = patterns('',
(r'^myview/(?P<color>[0-9a-f]{6})/$', create_css_file),
)
# views.py
def create_css_file(request, color):
raw = "#charset 'UTF-8';\n\n"
raw += "body {\n"
raw += " color: #" + color + ";\n"
raw += "}\n\n"
f = open('mydynamic.css', 'r+')
f.write(raw)
return render_to_response('mytemplate.html', locals())
# mytemplate.html
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block head %}
<link rel="stylesheet" media="screen" href="{{ f.name }}" />
{% endblock %}
For some reason, that doesn't work, although in the resulting HTML page's source code, it looks like the CSS file is loaded correctly. The f even arrives at the template correctly, because I can see its contents when I change the <link>... line to
<link rel="stylesheet" media="screen" href="{{ f }}" />
(finstead of f.name). But the HTML is rendered without the desired color setting. Can anybody tell my why that is?
I suspected some path issue, and I toyed around quite a bit with different paths, but to no avail.
Please do not advise me to prepare several hardcoded CSS files (as I have found in answers to similar questions), because there will be several hundred possibilities.
If you absolutely need to you can just create a css file dynamically.
You can create an entry in your urls.py. You can name urls anything you want this could look like a static .css file to the outside world but would be created dynamically.
(r'^(?P<color>[0-9a-f]{6})/dynamic.css$', dynamic_css)
def dynamic_css(request, color):
"""
Create a css file based on a color criteria,
or any other complicated calculations necessary
"""
# do custom element positionting.
return render_to_response('dynamic.css', {'color': color})
# dynamic.css
body {
background-color: {{ color }}
}
There is no reason to write css files for this. Now you can just include
<link rel="styleshee" type="text/css" href="/purple/dymamic.css" />
In your template.
As mentioned this shouldn't be used just for changing one color. That could be done in your template. If you had to do something like this it would probably be a good idea to implement cacheing as every time a page is requested it has to dynamically generate .css that could be performance overhead. This is more of an example to show you can name urls.py entries anything you want. And include them in any way you want in html ie. if you needed a custom javascript file dynamically created you could create an entry in urls.py and then create a view that generates a .js file.
views.py:
def create_css_file(request, color):
f = color
return render_to_response('mytemplate.html', locals())
template:
<body style = "color:{{f}}!important;">
Don't create css file on the fly it is unnecessary.
I went with #CatPlusPlus's suggestion: Calculating the necessary values in a view and passing the template a very long string (raw) which contains the entire CSS. In the template, I include it like so:
<style media="screen">{{ raw|safe }}</style>
Thanks everyone for your efforts!
I'm trying to develop a reporting system using Django. I have to display reports about various categories of data.I have put each category as a tab-tab1,tab2, etc. Is it possible to have different template for each tab without having to change the url.
I have tried template inheritance but that requires have separate url for each tab.
My concern is that if the number of tabs grow, then the number of urls will also increase.
Any suggestions please?
Thanks in Advance.
Why is it a problem for the number of URLs to increase?
Presumably you don't need separate URLconf entries for each tab, you can just capture the tab name in the URL and send it on to the view:
url(r'^reports/(?P<tab_name>\w+)/$', views.reports, name='reports')
...
def reports(request, tab_name):
... do something depending on tab_name ...
You can just use {% include %} tag and include different templates.
And I think it's better to have unique URL for each tab, it least with hashtag.
You can use a library like jquery tabs to create the tabs, then load each template individually either through include as suggested by #DrTyrsa or by a custom template tag (which would be my personal preference).
Here is an example (from the excellent bootstrap framework from twitter):
<ul class="tabs">
<li class="active">Home</li>
<li>Profile</li>
<li>Messages</li>
<li>Settings</li>
</ul>
<div class="pill-content">
<div class="active" id="home">...</div>
<div id="profile">...</div>
<div id="messages">...</div>
<div id="settings">...</div>
</div>
<script>
$(function () {
$('.tabs').tabs()
})
</script>
in my default-layout.hamlet:
!!!
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>#{pageTitle pc}
^{pageHead pc}
<body>
<div id="main">
<div id="header">
????
<div id="content">
^{pageBody pc}
from a handler function, I need to replace the ???? above with some HTML contents.
how is this done?
thanks for any input.
EDIT:
I am looking for functionality similar to, for example, django's template blocks. I can define a block inside a template and the handler that uses this template for rendering, can fill in the template's blocks with the needed contents. Right now, yesod has effectively a single block in a template's body. that "defined" by the call ^{pageBody pc}. I know I can build up the output generated by pageBody any way I want using addWidget etc., but right now I will need to output my <div id="header"> and <div id="content"> too and I want to avoid that because all my handlers will have to output these div's to have the same markup structure in all the pages.
I think the answer is to define a function besides defaultLayout. The only thing that's magical about defaultLayout is that subsites (e.g., auth) and error messages use it by default. But you could define a "myDefaultLayout" that takes the other pieces of content you want. You could even define a helper function that wraps up the extra blocks into a single block and then passes that to defaultLayout.