Right way to do non-recursive make? - c++

There seem to be only a handful of resources on creating a non-recursive make system, and in none of the ones I've found can I figure out how to handle my use case. My hierarchy looks like this:
project/
project/libA/...
project/libB/...
...
project/appA/...
project/appB/...
So maybe project/appA/makefile depends on libA and libB and project/appB/makefile depends on libA, libC, and libF or something. I want to be able to make in every directory and have that work. I have a recursive solution for this already.
All the resources always define a root project/makefile that includes all the directories above it. But I need that backwards. Are there any examples in the wild for this? I think ideally I want a given library makefile to look like:
include ../../rules.mk
SRC := $(wildcard src/*.cpp)
INCDIR := ./include
$(add_build_target)
... where the base rules.mk would define add_build_target to append the correct rules for the given SRC and INCDIR to build. Is this the correct approach? And how do I actually write add_build_target to add the correct targets (.o's for all the .cxx's) - everything I've tried gives me "no rule to make target whatever.o" issues, despite me thinking that I've defined them....

I have implemented and extended ideas from the paper
http://evbergen.home.xs4all.nl/nonrecursive-make.html
on multiple occasions in corporate environments, and they work very well, in small or large scale environments. Basically, there is implemented a "directory stack" there and recursive inclusion. Like I said, works well for me. Read this paper, I recommend it.

Have a look at my non-recursive build system implementation called prorab:
https://github.com/cppfw/prorab
It allows to achieve exactly what you want. So, you will have independent makefile in each directory appA, appB, libA, libB,... and if you cd to that directory you'll be able to build the project by just typing make. In that makefile you'll be able to include a makefile from another directory and add a dependency for your app binary on library binary. So, that way if you do some changes to the library code and build the app, it will detect that and rebuild the library.
Then it is also possible to have a top-level makefile which includes all makefiles from those sub-directories, for building everything.
Let me know if you need help with using prorab.

Related

How to fix "Could not find a package configuration file ..." error in CMake?

I have been working on a project which uses rplidar_sdk and in the beginning, I was facing this problem:
How can I link locally installed SDK's static library in my C++ project?
Basically, the SDK generates the library in its local directory, and in its Makefile, it does not have install rules. I mean I can run make but after that, if I run sudo make install then it gives make: *** No rule to make target 'install'. Stop. error.
So, with the help of this & this answer, I was able to build my local project. So far so good.
However, the main problem is that I have to hard-code the RPLidar SDK path in CMakeLists.txt of my repo. Now, whenever someone else in my team starts working on that repo (which is quite obvious) then he/she has to update the CMakeLists.txt first. This is not a good idea/practice!
To fix this, I updated the Makefile of RPLidar SDK as follow:
.
.
.
RPLIDAR_RELEASE_LIB := $(HOME_TREE)/output/Linux/Release/librplidar_sdk.a
install: $(RPLIDAR_RELEASE_LIB)
install -d $(DESTDIR)/usr/local/lib/rplidar/Release/
install -m 644 $(RPLIDAR_RELEASE_LIB) $(DESTDIR)/usr/local/lib/rplidar/Release/
RPLIDAR_DEBUG_LIB := $(HOME_TREE)/output/Linux/Debug/librplidar_sdk.a
install: $(RPLIDAR_DEBUG_LIB)
install -d $(DESTDIR)/usr/local/lib/rplidar/Debug/
install -m 644 $(RPLIDAR_DEBUG_LIB) $(DESTDIR)/usr/local/lib/rplidar/Debug/
RPLIDAR_HEADERS := $(HOME_TREE)/sdk/include
install: $(RPLIDAR_HEADERS)
install -d $(DESTDIR)/usr/local/include/rplidar/
cp -r $(RPLIDAR_HEADERS)/* $(DESTDIR)/usr/local/include/rplidar/
RPLIDAR_HEADERS_HAL := $(HOME_TREE)/sdk/src/hal
install: $(RPLIDAR_HEADERS_HAL)
install -d $(DESTDIR)/usr/local/include/rplidar/
cp -r $(RPLIDAR_HEADERS_HAL) $(DESTDIR)/usr/local/include/rplidar/
Due to this update, now, I can run sudo make install which basically copies the header files of RPLidar SDK from the local directory to /usr/local/rplidar/ directory. It also copies the lib file to /usr/local/lib/rplidar/<Debug> or <Release>/ directory.
Now, in my local project, I updated the CMakeLists.txt to as follow:
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.1.0 FATAL_ERROR)
project(<project_name>)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED TRUE)
SET(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS -pthread)
include_directories(include)
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} src/main.cpp src/another_src_file.cpp)
find_package(rplidar REQUIRED)
include_directories(${rplidar_INCLUDE_DIRS})
link_directories(${rplidar_LIBRARY_DIRS})
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} ${rplidar_LIBRARY})
However, upon running cmake .. command, I'm getting this error:
.
.
.
CMake Error at CMakeLists.txt:12 (find_package):
By not providing "Findrplidar.cmake" in CMAKE_MODULE_PATH this project has
asked CMake to find a package configuration file provided by "rplidar", but
CMake did not find one.
Could not find a package configuration file provided by "rplidar" with any
of the following names:
rplidarConfig.cmake
rplidar-config.cmake
Add the installation prefix of "rplidar" to CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH or set
"rplidar_DIR" to a directory containing one of the above files. If
"rplidar" provides a separate development package or SDK, be sure it has
been installed.
-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
As far as I know, RPLidar SDK does not have rplidarConfig.cmake or rplidar-config.cmake file.
How can I fix this error?
Rants from my soul:
It sucks when you have to use any library foo when the author fails to provide a foo-config.cmake for you to use easily by invoking find_package(foo). It's absolutely outrageous when a reasonably modern project still uses hand written Makefiles as its build system. I myself is stuck with a much worse constructed SDK than yours right now.
Short answer:
Since the author of the SDK fails to provide a config file to support your cmake usage, if you still insists on invoking find_package on the library (and you should!), you are required to write your own Module file to clean up their mess. (Yeah, you are doing the work for the library authors).
To truly achieve cross platform usage, you should write a Findrplidar.cmake module file to find the libraries for you.
To write a reasonable module file, you would most likely use API find_path for header files and find_library for libs. You should check out its docs and try using them, and maybe Google a few tutorials.
Here is my version of Findglog.cmake for your reference. (glog authors have updated their code and supports Config mode. Unfortunately, Ubuntu build doesn't use it, so I still have to write my own file)
find_path(glog_INCLUDE_DIR glog/logging.h)
message(STATUS "glog header found at: ${glog_INCLUDE_DIR}")
find_library(glog_LIB glog)
message(STATUS "libglog found at: ${glog_LIB}")
mark_as_advanced(glog_INCLUDE_DIR glog_LIB)
include(FindPackageHandleStandardArgs)
find_package_handle_standard_args(glog REQUIRED_VARS
glog_INCLUDE_DIR
glog_LIB
)
if(glog_FOUND AND NOT TARGET glog::glog)
add_library(glog::glog SHARED IMPORTED)
set_target_properties(glog::glog PROPERTIES
IMPORTED_LINK_INTERFACE_LANGUAGES "CXX"
IMPORTED_LOCATION "${glog_LIB}"
INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES
"${glog_INCLUDE_DIR}"
)
endif()
And you can use it like this:
find_package(glog)
target_link_libraries(main PRIVATE glog::glog)
Long answer:
The history of developers using cmake is an absolute nightmare. The internet is filled with bad practice/examples of how not to use cmake in your project, including the old official cmake tutorial (which still might be there). Mostly because no one really gives a **** (If I can build my project, who cares if it's cross platform). Another valid reason is that cmake documentations are really daunting to beginners.
This is why I am writing my own answer here, lest you get misguided by Googling elsewhere.
The nightmare is no more. The wait has ended. "The Messiah" of cmake (source) is come. He bringeth hope to asm/C/C++/CUDA projects written in 2020 and on. Here is The Word.
The link above points to the only way how cmake projects should be written and truly achieve cross platform once and for all. Note the material is not easy at all to follow for beginners. I myself spent an entire week to fully grasp what was covered in The Word, when I had become somewhat familiar with cmake concepts at the time (but lost in my old sinful ways).
The so-called "long answer" is actually shorter. It's just a pointer to the real answer. Good luck reading the Word. Embrace the Word, for anything against that is pure heresy.
Response of comment 1-5:
Good questions. A lot of those can be obtained from the Word. But the word is better digested when you become more familiar with CMake. Let me answer them in decreasing of relevance to your problem at hand.
For the ease of discussion, I'll just use libfoo as an example.
Let's say you always wants to use libfoo like this:
find_package(foo)
target_link_libraries(your_exe ... foo::foo)
Pretend foo is installed at the following location:
- /home/dev/libfoo-dev/
- include
- foo
- foo.h
- bar.h
- ...
- lib
- libfoo.so
- share
- foo/foo-config.cmake # This may or may not exist. See discussion.
Q: Only one .h file. Why?
A: Because in the case of libfoo (also true for glog), only one search of header location is necessary. Just like the example from libfoo,
where foo/foo.h and foo/bar.h are at the same location. So their output of find_path would be the same: /home/dev/libfoo-dev/include.
Q: Why I'm getting NOTFOUND for my headers and libs?
A: The function find_path and find_library only search locations specify in the documentations. By default they search system locations,
like /usr/include and /usr/lib respectively. Refer to the official docs for details on system locations. In the case of libfoo, however,
they reside in /home/dev/libfoo-dev. So you must specify these locations in cmake variable CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH. It's a ; seperated string.
One would do cmake -D CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="/home/dev/libfoo-dev;/more/path/for/other/libs/;...;/even/more/path" .... on the command line.
One very important note: unlike Unix command find, find_path will only search specific paths inside /home/dev/libfoo-dev, not all the way down:
include (usually also include/{arch} where {arch} is sth like x86_64-linux-gnu for x86 Linux) for find_path; lib variant for find_library,
respectively. Unusual locations would require passing in more arguments, which is uncommon and most likely unnecessary.
For this very reason, for libfoo, calling find_path(... foo.h ...) is undesired. One would want find_path(... foo/foo.h ...). Refer to the docs
for more details. You can also try out yourself.
Also for this reason, it is desirable to organize libraries in the usual bin include lib share quad on Unix-like systems. I'm not familiar with Windows.
Q: Debug & Release
A: There are several options. The easiest one might be:
Prepare rplidar debug and release build in two different folders, /path/to/debug & /path/to/release for instance
Passing to Debug & Release build respectively (cmake -D CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="/path/to/debugORrelease" ....)
There are definitely others ways, but perhaps requires special care in your Findrplidar.cmake script (maybe some if statements).
Q: Why glog::glog rather than glog?
A: It's just modern cmake practice, with small benefits. Not important right now. Refer to the Word if you are interested.
Q: You mentioned that you are writing rplidarConfig.cmake. Instead you should rename the file to Findrplidar.cmake.
A: CMake philosophy is as such:
Library authors should write foo-config.cmake or fooConfig.cmake
When they fail to provide one, it sucks. And according to the Messiah, it should be reported as a bug.
In this case, you as library user, should write Findfoo.cmake by guessing how to describe the dependencies for libfoo. For simple libraries, this is not so bad. For complex ones, like Boost, this sucks!
A few side note on this topic:
Note how Findfoo.cmake is written by library users, from guessing.
This is insane! Users shouldn't do this. This is the authors' fault, to put their users in this uncomfortable situation.
A foo-config.cmake file is extremely easy to write for authors of libfoo, IF they follow the Word exactly.
Extremely easy for the authors in the sense that: cmake can take care of everything. It will generate scripts automatically for the authors to use in their foo-config.cmake file.
Guaranteed to be cross-platform and easy to use by the users, thanks to cmake.
However, the reality sucks. Now you have to write Findfoo.cmake
Q: Why only find_package & target_link_libraries?
A: This is what the Word says. It's therefore good practice. Why the Word says so is something you have to find out yourself.
It's not possible for me to explain the gist of the Word in this answer, nor would it be convincing to you. I would just say the following:
It's very easy to write spaghetti CMakeLists that are next to impossible to maintain. The spirit of the Word helps you avoid that by
forcing you to carefully think about:
library structure: public vs private headers, for example. This makes you think about what to include in your headers and public APIs.
build specification: what is necessary to build a library you write (what to include; what to link)
usage requirement: what is necessary for others to use a library you write (what to include; what to link)
dependencies: what is the relationship of the library you write & its dependencies
Maybe more
If you think about it, these aspects are crucial to writing a cross-platform and maintainable library.
include_directories, link_directories and add_definitions are all very bad practice
(according to lots of sources, including the official documentations of these APIs). Bad practice tends to obscure the aspects above,
and causes problems later on when everything gets integrate together as a whole. E.g. include_directories will add -I to compiler for every
target written in the directory of that CMakeLists.txt. Read this sentence a few times and Spock will tell you it's illogical.
Don't worry. It's okay for now to use them when you are not familiar with the Word (Why else would this be in the last section). Once you know the Word, refactor your CMakeLists when you have time. Bad practice might cause problem later on, when your project becomes more complex. (In my professional experience, 5 very small groups of people is enough to cause a nightmare. By nightmare I mean hard code everything in CMakeLists; Create a git branch for every single different platform/device/environment; Fixing a bug meaning to cherry-pick one commit to each branch. I've been there before knowing the Word.)
The practice of the Word very well utilize the philosophy of modern CMake, to encapsulate build specifications and usage requirements inside
CMake targets. So when target_link_libraries is called, these properties gets propagated properly.

CMake: compilation speed when including external makefile

I have a c++ cmake project. In this project I build (among other) one example, where I need to use another project, call it Foo. This Foo project does not offer a cmake build system. Instead, it has a pre-made Makefile.custom.in. In order to build an executable that uses Foo's features, one needs to copy this makefile in his project, and modify it (typically setting the SOURCES variable and a few compiler flags). Basically, this Makefile ends up having the sources for your executable and also all the source files for the Foo project. You will not end up using Foo as a library.
Now, this is a design I don't like, but for the sake of the question, let's say we stick with it.
To create my example inside my cmake build I added a custom target:
CONFIGURE_FILE( ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/Makefile.custom.in Makefile.custom)
ADD_CUSTOM_TARGET(my_target COMMAND $(MAKE) -f Makefile.custom
WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR})
This works. I can specify some variables to cmake, which get resolved in the call to CONFIGURE_FILE, and I end up with a working Makefile.custom. Then, invoking make my_target from the build directory, I can build the executable. I can even add it to the all target (to save me the effort of typing make my_target) with
SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(my_target PROPERTIES EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL FALSE)
Sweet. However, cmake appears to assign a single job to the custom target, slowing down my compilation time (the Foo source folder contains a couple dozens cpp files). On top of that, the make clean target does not forward to the custom makefile. I end up having to add another target:
ADD_CUSTOM_TARGET(really-clean COMMAND "$(MAKE)" clean
COMMAND "$(MAKE)" -f Makefile.custom clean
WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR})
which, unlike my_target with all, I can't include in the clean target (can I?).
Now, I know that a cleaner solution would be to have the Foo project be built as an external project, and then link to it. However, I've been 'recommended' to use their Makefile.custom.in makefile, modifying the few lines I need (adding my sources, specifying compiler flags, and few other minor modifications). So, regardless of how neat and clean this design pattern is, my questions are:
is there a way to tell cmake that make should use more than 1 job when making the target my_target?
is there a cleaner way to include a pre-existing makefile in a cmake project? Note that I don't want (can't?) use Foo as a library (and link against it). I want (need?) to compile it together with my executable using a makefile not generated by cmake (well, cmake can help a bit, through CONFIGURE_FILE, by resolving some variables, but that's it).
Note: I am aware of ExternalProject (as suggested also in this answer), but I think it's not exactly what I need here (since it would build Foo and then use it as a library). Also, both my project and Foo are written exclusively in C++ (not sure this matter at all).
I hope the question makes sense (regardless of how ugly/annoying/unsatisfactory the resulting design would be).
Edit: I am using cmake version 3.5.2
First, since you define your own target, you can assign more cores to the build process for the target my_target, directly inside your CMakeLists.txt.
You can include the Cmake module ProcessCount to determine the number of cores in your machine and then use this for a parallel build.
include(ProcessorCount)
ProcessorCount(N)
if(NOT N EQUAL 0)
# given that cores != 0 you could modify
# math(EXPR N "${N}+1") # modify (increment/decrement) N at your will, in this case, just incrementing N by one
set(JOBS_IN_PARALLEL -j${N})
endif(NOT N EQUAL 0)
and when you define your custom target have something like the following:
ADD_CUSTOM_TARGET(my_target
COMMAND ${CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM} ${JOBS_IN_PARALLEL} -f Makefile.custom
WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR})
by the way, I don't think there's the need for you to include also CMAKE_BUILD_TOOL among the COMMANDs in your target.
I believe that instead of modifying the lines as above, you could call
make -j8 my_target
and it might start 8 jobs (just an example) without modifying the CMakeLists.txt, but I cannot guarantee this works having defined the COMMAND the way you have, just try if that's enough.
For the second point, I cannot think right now of a "cleaner" way.

What is the best way of CMake in a Middle-sized Project?

In my company, we're developing a middle sized project which we plan to use CMake as the build platform generator. In this scenario, me and my colleagues were discussing about which way the CMake should be used. Our discussions came to a turn which we must decide the methods to use. Our directory structure is similar to this:
<"our project"> \
modules \
module_1 \
tests \
test_example.cpp
mock
some_mock_class.hpp
some_class.hpp
some_class.cpp
...
module_2 \
...
module_3 \
...
utility \
...
1- First thing is first, my colleague thinks that folders like "src" and "includes" are reminder of C programming and has no place in a modern C++ program, so we don't need them. So we removed them from the structure, but being a Linux guy; I'm not sure if this is a good idea. Should we set a "include" directory for headers, so CMake can install them appropriately to the include dirs of the install target; or can CMake handle them appropriately?
2- Should we make a CMakeLists.txt to the root of the project which includes and defines all the targets, or should we make a CMakeLists.txt per module, and then use "add_subdirectory" directives to include them? My colleague thinks on CMakeLists.txt is the best, because this way the module implementors don't need to think about CMake at all, and one or two admins of deployment can maintain the file; but I think every module implementor is more aware of which libraries they use, and how to compile their modules - which he disagrees. What do you suggest in this case?
If you did use CMake for such a middle-sized project before (or know of a case) can you please recommend us what they did and, if possible, why?
Sincerely
The topic is huge, but in short my personal recommendation. For a middle project I assime a component model should be already applied. Then reasonable then is, to have component directories with their onwn CMakeLists.txt which are referenced by the top-level CMakeLists.txt via add_subdirectory(). Each component - a separate library (I like static ones).
For the component folders I find reasonable to hide all internal stuff (aka implementation and private headers, ...) under a private sub-directory to do not be exposed to the outside. Then, in the top component directory you have only headers which are to be used by the others. In the private directory you can mix sources and headers - this is only a matter of the taste for mid projects. And the private directory can also be decomposed if the component is large. But then you need to decide either to add all artifacts to the single CMakeLists.txt of the component, or to have sub-libraries. But in that case the users should link to them individually instead to link to the component's library only.
In the best case, the folder structure should follow the dependencies structure and form a tree-view build system, where the components have as less knowlege about internals of the other components as possible. In that case you will have a good configurability and flexibility in case of possible refactorings. In the other words, the design of the build system seems to me similar to the class design in C++ - same principles.
The real (target) build directory where you run cmake can be located anywhere, normally outside of the source directory. A good place for it could be a RAM disc if you enough memory. Then for the clean build you need just to remove it, that's it. But the source and the build itself have no dependency from its location.
Ah yes, one more hint. My recommendation would be to include headers by the path starting from the component directory like #include "SomeHeader.hpp" which is located as ComponentX/SomeHeader.hpp. Then the CMakelists.txt is used to do the ComponentX directory known to your component. This means, the paths to the headers are not hardcoded in the source files. This brings some limitation like unique file names, but makes changes to the components location much easier.
Hope this anyhow helps.

The right way to structure my c++ project with cmake?

I have been struggling with this for quite a while, and my adventures with cmake have only resulted in hackish solutions that I am pretty sure are not correct.
I created a library that consists of several files, as follows:
-libfolder
-codepart1folder
-CMakeLists.txt
-codepart1.cpp
-codepart1.hpp
-codepart2folder
-codepart3folder
-lib.cpp
-lib.hpp
-CMakeLists.txt
I wrote a CMakeLists file to compile the library (after some experimentation), and I can generate a lib.a file. Now I would like to include this code as a library in other projects, and access it through the interface in lib.hpp. What is the best way to do this, in terms of directory structure, and what I need to put into CMakeLists.txt in my root project?
My current attempt has been to add -libfolder as a subfolder to my current project, and add the commands:
include_directories(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/libfolder)
link_directories(${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/libfolder)
add_subdirectory(libfolder)
target_link_libraries(project lib)
When I run make, the library compiles fine, but when project.cpp compiles, it complains that it cannot find codepart1.hpp (which is included in lib.hpp, included from project.cpp).
I suspect that this is the wrong way about doing this, but I cannot wade through the CMake documentation and find a good tutorial on setting up projects like this. Please help, CMake gurus!
The clean way to import one CMake project into another is via the find_package command. The package declaration is done by using the export command. An advantage of using find_package is that it eliminates the need to hard-code paths to the package's files.
Regarding the missing hpp file, you didn't include codepart1folder, so it's not on the include path.
Ok, so after consulting a coworker of mine who is a CMake guru, it seems CMake does not have support for what I am trying to do, leaving one with 3 options:
Add all of the dependencies to the parent projects CMakeLists.txt - not very clean, but it will get the thing to work. You'll have to do this for every project you add the code to, and go back and fix things if your library changes.
clean up your library headers. This is done through some compiler hackery. The idea is to forward-declare every class, and use only pointers or boost::shared_ptr, and then include the dependencies only in the cpp file. That way you can build the cpp file using all the findpackage stuff, and you get the bonus of being able to use the lib by only including the header and linking to the library.
Look into build systems. Having portable code and fast code compilation with complex dependencies is not a solved problem! From my investigations it turned out to be quite complicated. I ended up adopting my coworkers build system which he created himself in cmake, using things he picked up from Google.
Looking at your post you don't seem to add 'codepart1folder' to the includes anywhere. How are you including codepart1.hpp as:
#include <codepart1.hpp>
#include "codepart1folder/codepart1.hpp"
I don't think there is a standard accepted way to structure cmake projects. I've looked at a bunch of cmake repos and they tend to have differences. Personally I do the following:
-project
CMakeLists.txt
-build
-cmake
OptionalCmakeModule.cmake
-src
-Main
Main.cpp
Main.hpp
-DataStructs
SomeTree.hpp
SomeObject.hpp
-Debug
Debug.hpp
-UI
Window.hpp
Window.cpp
Basically that dumps all the source code into 1 directory, then you perform an out of source build with: 'mkdir build && cd build && cmake .. && make' in the projects root folder.
If you have separate libs as part of your project, then you might want a separate libs directory with another subfolder for your specific lib.
I have some of my repos on: https://github.com/dcbishop/ if you want to look at the CMakeLists.txt files.
The main problems with my project structure are that I use the FILE_GLOB which is apparently the 'wrong' way to do things (if you add files after running 'cmake ..' then they won't be picked up hen you do a 'make'). I haven't figured out what the 'right' way to do it is (from what I can see it involves keeping a separate list of files) I also only use 1 CMakeLists.txt file.
Some projects also choose to separate their cpp and hpp files into separate directories. So you would have an include and src folders (at least for the hpp files that are intended to be used externally). I think that would mainly be for projects that are mainly large libraries. Would also make installing header files much easier.
You are probably missing
include_directories(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/libfolder/codepart1folder)
In such a case you might want to set( CMAKE_INCLUDE_CURRENT_DIR on) to add all folders to the include directory path variable.
Check cmake's output on the command line whether the correct include folders are set or not. Additionally you can always use message() as "print debugging" for cmake variables.
In case of include directories however you need to read the directory property to see what is actually in the include directories.
get_property(inc_dirs DIRECTORY PROPERTY INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES)
message("inc_dirs = ${inc_dirs}")
I hope this helps you figuring out what is missing.
Edit
I just saw your comment about added codepart1folder in the libfolder. It is only available in the libfolder's include_directory path and not propagated to the root folder.
Since the include codepart1.hpp is present in the lib.hpp however you need to have it also available in the project path otherwise you will get missing declaration errors when you build your project.

Should I separate CMakeList.txt from source folder?

I'm new to build tool, when I come across Autotool, I have an option to write only one Makefile.am in the top build folder and leave the source folder containing all cpp files clean. I could use VPATH to tell automake to look for the source code inside that folder instead of write /src/ every where. (refer to my old question here: Automake Variables to tidy up Makefile.am)
However It appears to me that CMake have no VPATH to set and some fox around said that It's impossible to do so. So there are two choices:
Create CMakeList.txt in the source folder
Create CMakeList.txt in top build folder and leave the source alone, with a cost that I need to extend "/src" to every source code files.
Which one is more commonly use? I prefer the second because It leave my source code clean from any build-relating-source. In that case is there anyway to get rid of "/src"?
In our company we're using the first option, having a CMakeLists.txt in every subdirectory and building the tree from a root-CMakeLists.txt by using the add_subdirectory command.
This is a modular approach where each subcomponent (think about the project has different parts like boost is split up into system, thread, date_time etc) has its own build-file. If a user wants he is able to just build the subcomponent or to build the whole project.
We're additionally using this as an easy way to include optional subcomponents to the project. The user then can set a Bool value like BUILD_SUBFOO and the add_subdirectory will just be executed, if this Bool is TRUE.
Well-known projects are using this approach too. Here is a link to the root CMakeLists.txt from KDevelop (look at lines 52-62).
I'm quite sure you can do:
FILE(GLOB Source_files src/*.cpp)
which would do exactly what you want.