Hello guys I'm working on a Thread class and a CountingThread class inherated from Thread class including Synchronized Counter using library. But while creating this CountingThread class I'm having a problem of "incomplete type is not allowed" So i would be happy if you give some advise if I'm forming this Thread abstract class in a bad structure or say what am I doing wrong. (FYI i have to keep classes and methods because it's an assignment)
#ifndef _THREAD_H_
#define _THREAD_H_
#include <Windows.h>
#include <iosfwd>
class Thread{
private:
HANDLE hThread;
int idThread;
public:
Thread(LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE fnct){ // here I'm trying to get a function and create thread with it
hThread = CreateThread(NULL, 0,fnct,NULL,0,(LPDWORD)&idThread);
}
virtual void main()=0;
void suspend(){
SuspendThread(hThread);
}
void resume(){
ResumeThread(hThread);
}
void terminate(){
TerminateThread(hThread,0);
}
static void sleep(int sec){
Sleep(sec*1000);
}
};
#endif
CountingThread.h
#ifndef _COUNTINGTHREAD_H_
#define _COUNTINGTHREAD_H_
#include "SynchronizedCounter.h"
#include "Thread.h"
class CountingThread :public Thread{
private:
SynchronizedCounter counter;
public:
CountingThread(counter.increment()){ // here I'm having the error "incomplete type on counter"
} // I want to create thread with the counter.increment function
};
#endif
SynchronizedCounter.h
#ifndef SYNCHRONIZEDCOUNTER_H_
#define SYNCHRONIZEDCOUNTER_H_
#include "Mutex.h"
#include <iosfwd>
class SynchronizedCounter{
private:
int count;
public:
SynchronizedCounter();
SynchronizedCounter(int);
void increment();
int value();
friend std::ostream &operator <<(std::ostream& output, const SynchronizedCounter& counter)
{
output << counter.count << endl;
return output;
}
};
#endif
and synchronizedCounter::increment
void SynchronizedCounter::increment(){
Mutex mut;
mut.lock;
count++;
mut.unlock;
}
Seems to to be a syntax error. You should define an argument here :
So it should be:
class CountingThread :public Thread{
private:
SynchronizedCounter counter;
public:
CountingThread()
{
counter.increment())
//... etc
} // I want to create thread with the counter.increment function
//...
};
Anyway as counter.increment() returns void, you cannot pass it as parameter.
Related
I am kind of new to C++ (and StackOverflow). I am trying to get something to work, but I have some #include problems.
I want to call a callback I made (from here), but I am struggling to do this.
This is my code so far. When I include child.hpp in the someclass.hpp file (because it needs information about Child for Callback<Child>), it has a looped include and the compiler crashes.
I have read about forward declarations (would be class Child; in the someclass.hpp file), and after trying I figured out this works, but I also read different opinions about this.
I have all .hpp files guarded with #ifndef CLASSNAME #define CLASSNAME ... #endif
Do I need to change my entire design, or what is the best option in my case?
base.hpp
#include "someclass.hpp"
class Base
{
protected:
unique_ptr<SomeClass> someClass;
};
base.cpp
#include "base.hpp"
Base::Base()
{
this->someClass = make_unique<SomeClass>();
}
child.hpp
#include "base.hpp"
class Child : public Base
{
public:
void callbackFunction(std::string data);
unique_ptr<Callback<Child>> callback;
};
child.cpp
#include "child.hpp"
void Child::callbackFunction(std::string data)
{
/*does something*/
}
Child::Child()
{
this->callback = make_unique<Callback<Child>>(this, &Child::callbackFunction);
//I can call this->callback->call(data); here without problems
this->someClass->setCallback(this->callback);
//^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ == base.someClass
}
someclass.hpp
#include "child.hpp" // < does crash compiler due to loop
//> someclass.hpp uses child.hpp
//> child.hpp uses base.hpp
//> base.hpp uses someclass.hpp
// and thus loop
class SomeClass
{
public:
void someFunction(std::string data);
void setCallback(unique_ptr<Callback<Child>> callback);
unique_ptr<Callback<Child>> callbackInstance;
};
someclass.cpp
//not 100% sure about the type of this parameter
void setCallback(unique_ptr<Callback<Child>> callback)
{
this->callbackInstance = callback;
}
void SomeClass::someFunction(std::string data)
{
//here I want to call this "Child::callbackFunction" which should go like "this->callbackInstance->call(data)" ?
}
also in someclass.hpp
template<class T>
class Callback
{
public:
Callback(T* instance, void (T::*function)(std::string))
{
this->callbackInstance = instance;
this->callback = function;
}
void call(std::string data)
{
(callbackInstance->*callback)(data);
}
private:
T *callbackInstance;
void (T::*callback)(std::string);
};
To solve the mentioned error("expected class-name before '{' token on child.hpp") you should remove the #include "someclass.hpp" from base.hpp and replace it with a forward declaration for class SomeClass as shown below.
base.hpp
#ifndef BASE_H
#define BASE_H
//NO NEED TO INCLUDE someclass.hpp
#include <memory>
class SomeClass;//FORWARD DECLARE SomeClass
class Base
{
std::unique_ptr<SomeClass> someClass;
public:
//add declaration for default constructor
Base();
};
#endif
base.cpp
#include "base.hpp"
#include "someclass.hpp"
//other things here
Base::Base()
{
this->someClass = std::make_unique<SomeClass>();
}
child.hpp
#ifndef CHILD_H
#define CHILD_H
#include "base.hpp"
#include <memory>
#include "someclass.hpp"
class Child : public Base
{
public:
void callbackFunction(std::string data);
std::unique_ptr<Callback<Child>> callback;
//add declaration for default constrcutor
Child();
};
#endif
child.cpp
#include "child.hpp"
void Child::callbackFunction(std::string data){
/*does something*/
}
Child::Child()
{
this->callback = std::make_unique<Callback<Child>>(this, &Child::callbackFunction);
//I can call this->callback->call(data); here without problems
}
someclass.hpp
#ifndef SOMECLASS_H
#define SOMECLASS_H
#include <string>
//REMOVED include child.hpp from here
class SomeClass
{
public:
void someFunction(std::string data);
//I think I need an instance of Callback<Child> here?
};
template<class T>
class Callback
{
public:
Callback(T* instance, void (T::*function)(std::string))
{
this->callbackInstance = instance;
this->callback = function;
}
void call(std::string data)
{
(callbackInstance->*callback)(data);
}
private:
T *callbackInstance;
void (T::*callback)(std::string);
};
#endif
someclass.cpp
#include "someclass.hpp"
void SomeClass::someFunction(std::string data)
{
//here I want to call this "Child::callbackFunction" which should go like "this->callbackInstance->call(data)" ?
}
The above program compiles and executes successfully as can be seen here.
Summary
Some of the changes that i made are listed below:
Removed unnecessary includes
Added declarations for default constructor in child.hpp and base.hpp
Added include guards in all headers.
i am new to c++ programming and now faceing this "simple" problem for a while. I am implementing a simple step of a Observer-Pattern with the classes: Observer and Observable.
#ifndef OBSERVER_H
#define OBSERVER_H
#include "observable.h"
class Observer{
public:
virtual ~Observer() = default;
virtual void update(Observable* obs ) = 0;
};
#endif // OBSERVER_H
the Observabel Class Looks like that:
#ifndef OBSERVABLE_H
#define OBSERVABLE_H
#include <vector>
#include "observer.h"
class Observable
{
public:
Observable();
virtual ~Observable() = default;
void attach(Observer &o);
void detach(Observer &o);
void notify();
private:
std::vector<Observer*> observerlist;
};
#endif // OBSERVABLE_H
c++- file
#include "observable.h"
#include <algorithm>
void Observable::attach(Observer &o) { observerlist.push_back(&o); }
void Observable::detach(Observer &o)
{
observerlist.erase(std::remove(observerlist.begin(), observerlist.end(), &o));
}
void Observable::notify()
{
for (Observer* obs : observerlist) {
obs->update(this); // Here the IDE Shows the Error
}
}
Error:
C:\U...\observable.cpp:16: error: C2660: "Observer::update": function does not take 1 Argument
I really hope one of you can help.
greetings
OK so i have a few problems.
1. I need to be able to register the childclass when its created with game for broadcasting.
2. I need to be able to call the child class's method from an array of GameObject Pointers.
3. I need it to be the actual classes, not just copys of them.
In the file systemvars.h i have my global methods and some variables.
#pragma once
//=================================
// include guard
#ifndef _SYSTEMVARS_H_
#define _SYSTEMVARS_H_
//=================================
// forward declared dependencies
class Game;
//=================================
// included dependencies
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
//global enums
const enum CLASSTYPE{CLASSTYPE_NULL,CLASSTYPE_PLAYER,CLASSTYPE_DUNGION,CLASSTYPE_ENTITY,CLASSTYPE_MAP,CLASSTYPE_MENU};
//Global methods
void setGameRefrence(Game*);
Game* getGameRefrence();
systemvars.cpp: definitions
#include "SystemVars.h"
static Game* curentgame;
void setGameRefrence(Game* mygame)
{
curentgame = mygame;
}
Game* getGameRefrence()
{
return curentgame;
}
In my Game.h: a holder for gameobjects
#pragma once
//=================================
// include guard
#ifndef _GAME_H_
#define _GAME_H_
//=================================
// forward declared dependencies
class GameObject;
//class Player;
//=================================
// included dependencies
#include "SystemVars.h"
#include "GameObject.h"
//#include "Player.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
//=================================
// the actual class
class Game
{
public:
Game(void);
void registerGameObject(GameObject*);
void unregisterGameObject(GameObject*);
void sendMessageToAllObjects(string message,CLASSTYPE recipeint);
~Game(void);
private:
GameObject *gameobjects2[1000];
int numberofobject;
};
#endif
the game.cpp gameclass definition
#include "Game.h"
//#include "Player.h"
Game::Game(void)
{
setGameRefrence(this);
//logHelperMessage(INFO,1,"Registerd game");
numberofobject = 0;
}
void Game::registerGameObject(GameObject* newobj)
{
//logHelperMessage(INFO,1,"Registerd");
newobj->setId(numberofobject);
gameobjects2[numberofobject] = newobj;
numberofobject++;
//gameobjects.push_back(newobj);
}
void Game::unregisterGameObject(GameObject* objtodie)
{
//logHelperMessage(INFO,1,"Unregister");
for(int i = objtodie->getId();i < numberofobject - 1;i++)
{
gameobjects2[i] = gameobjects2[i+1];
gameobjects2[i]->setId(i);
}
gameobjects2[numberofobject-1] = nullptr;
numberofobject--;
}
void Game::sendMessageToAllObjects(string message,CLASSTYPE recipeint)
{
for(int i = 0; i < numberofobject;i++)
{
cout << "Sent the message from game");
//((Player *)gameobjects2[i])->sendMessage(message);
//static_cast<Player*>(gameobjects2[i])->sendMessage(message);
}
}
Game::~Game(void)
{
}
Gameobject.h: the parent of my inner game classes.
#pragma once
//=================================
// include guard
#ifndef _GAMEOBJECT_H_
#define _GAMEOBJECT_H_
//=================================
// forward declared dependencies
enum CLASSTYPE;
//=================================
// included dependencies
#include <iostream>
#include "SystemVars.h"
using namespace std;
//=================================
// the actual class
class GameObject
{
public:
GameObject();
GameObject(CLASSTYPE mytype);
~GameObject(void);
virtual void sendMessage(string data);
virtual CLASSTYPE getMyClassType();
virtual void setMyClassType(CLASSTYPE newrecip);
void setId(int val);
int getId();
protected:
CLASSTYPE _MYCURRENTCLASSTYPE;
int myid;
};
#endif
Gameobject.cpp
#include "GameObject.h"
GameObject::GameObject() : _MYCURRENTCLASSTYPE(CLASSTYPE_NULL)
{
//do not register
}
GameObject::GameObject(CLASSTYPE mytype): _MYCURRENTCLASSTYPE(mytype)
{
//register this object into the gameobject list.
getGameRefrence()->registerGameObject(this);
}
GameObject::~GameObject(void)
{
getGameRefrence()->unregisterGameObject(this);
}
void GameObject::sendMessage(string data)
{
//logHelperMessage(INFO,1,"Recived te message in GameObject");
cout << "Recived te message in GameObject";
}
CLASSTYPE GameObject::getMyClassType()
{
return _MYCURRENTCLASSTYPE;
}
void GameObject::setMyClassType(CLASSTYPE newrecip)
{
}
void GameObject::setId(int val)
{
myid = val;
}
int GameObject::getId()
{
return myid;
}
Player.h:
pragma once
//=================================
// include guard
#ifndef _PLAYER_H_
#define _PLAYER_H_
//=================================
// forward declared dependencies
//=================================
// included dependencies
#include "SystemVars.h"
#include "GameObject.h"
//=================================
// the actual class
class Player : public GameObject
{
public:
Player();
void sendMessage(string data) override;
void test();
}
Player.cpp:
Player::Player() : GameObject(CLASSTYPE_PLAYER)
{
}
void Player::sendMessage(string data)
{
//logHelperMessage(INFO,1,"Recived the message in Player");
cout << "Recived the message in Player";
//logHelperMessage(INFO,1,data.c_str());
cout << data;
}
void Player::test()
{
cout << "Sent message";
getGameRefrence()->sendMessageToAllObjects("Test",CLASSTYPE_PLAYER);
}
main.cpp
#pragma once
#include "SystemVars.cpp"
#include "Player.h"
#include "Game.h"
Game mygame;
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
setGameRefrence(&mygame);
Player newplayer = Player();
newplayer.test();
}
Now that that is all out of the way.
The expected output is:
Sent message
Sent message from game
Recived message in Player
but insted i get:
Sent message
Sent message from game
Recived message in Gameobject
Im pretty sure i have a sliceing problem, but im not sure what to do about it, or where it is.
So, any ideas gents?
ALso, i tried to cut back the classes a bit so im not posting 2000~ lines of code. So if anyhting missing let me know.
About a dozen classes inherit from gameobject. and i need them all to talk to eachother in one way or another.
Just by having CLASSTYPE_PLAYER, etc. makes me concerned that you're trying to subvert/reinvent C++ OOP. You already have the concept of 'class' in the language, why re-invent it? Forgive me if I'm wrong. Aside from this, I suggest you look up publisher-subscriber frameworks to do the kind of thing you're after, or implement your own. I'm sure somebody will answer your C++ issue more directly.
Edit: tone of first comment.
I have problem with exception class...
"undefined reference to GameProject::GamePlayerNullPointerException::~GamePlayerNullPointerException"
on line: throw GamePlayerNullPointerException();
Game.h
#ifndef GAME_H
#define GAME_H
#include <iostream>
#include "Player.h"
#include "Platform.h"
#include "Item.h"
#include <exception>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <string>
#define string std::string
#define ostream std::ostream
#define istream std::istream
namespace GameProject {
class Game
{
public:
friend class Inner;
Game();
~Game();
void startNew();
void quit();
void pause();
void resume();
void update();
void moveLeft();
void moveRight();
int getScore();
protected:
private:
class Inner;
Inner *i;
Game(const Game& g);
};
class GameException : public std::exception{
private:
string error;
public:
GameException(const string& message ): error(message){};
~GameException()throw ();
virtual const char* what() throw ();/*const{
return error.c_str();
throw ();
}*/
};
class GameNullPointerException: public GameException{
public:
GameNullPointerException(const string & message)
: GameException(message ) {};
~GameNullPointerException() throw ();
};
class GamePlayerNullPointerException: public GameNullPointerException{
public:
GamePlayerNullPointerException(const string & message = "Player not exist!")
: GameNullPointerException( message )
{}
~GamePlayerNullPointerException() throw ();
};
class GamePlatformNullPointerException: public GameNullPointerException{
public:
GamePlatformNullPointerException()
: GameNullPointerException( "Platform not exist!" ){}
~GamePlatformNullPointerException() throw ();
};
class GamePlayerWrongPositionException: public GamePlayerNullPointerException{
public:
GamePlayerWrongPositionException(): GamePlayerNullPointerException( "Player off screen!!!" ){ }
~GamePlayerWrongPositionException() throw ();
};
}
#undef string
#undef ostream
#undef istream
#endif // GAME_H
Game.cpp
void Game::startNew() {
if(i->pla==NULL)
throw GamePlayerNullPointerException();
i->pla = new Player(20,20);
i->init();
}
Any ideas?
~GamePlayerNullPointerException() throw ();
You've declared the destructor but not defined it. Either change the declaration to a definition in the .h file:
~GamePlayerNullPointerException() throw () { }
Or in the .cpp file add a definition:
GamePlayerNullPointerException::~GamePlayerNullPointerException() throw ()
{
}
Or just get rid of it if it doesn't do anything. The compiler will generate an empty destructor for you if you don't provide one.
I'm trying to implement a State Pattern in C++, but have problems with the circular dependency. I have read other related material here - unfortunately it didn't help me. I don't have a lot of experience with C++, so bear with me.
The following code is developed on a Ubuntu 10.10 machine in Eclipse Helios CDT:
ConcreteSystem.h
#ifndef CONCRETESYSTEM_H_
#define CONCRETESYSTEM_H_
class SystemState;
class ConcreteSystem {
public:
ConcreteSystem();
void SelfTestFailed();
void Restart();
private:
friend class SystemState;
SystemState *currentState;
void ChangeState(SystemState *state);
};
#endif /* CONCRETESYSTEM_H_ */
ConcreteSystem.cpp
#include "ConcreteSystem.h"
#include "SystemState.h"
ConcreteSystem::ConcreteSystem() {
currentState = SelfTest::GetInstance();
}
void ConcreteSystem::SelfTestFailed() {
currentState->SelfTestFailed(this);
}
void ConcreteSystem::Restart() {
currentState->Restart(this);
}
void ConcreteSystem::ChangeState(SystemState *state){
currentState = state;
}
SystemState.h
#ifndef SYSTEMSTATE_H_
#define SYSTEMSTATE_H_
class ConcreteSystem;
class SystemState {
public:
virtual void Restart(ConcreteSystem *cs);
virtual void SelfTestFailed(ConcreteSystem *cs);
protected:
virtual void ChangeState(ConcreteSystem *cs, SystemState *state);
};
#endif /* SYSTEMSTATE_H_ */
SystemState.cpp
#include "SystemState.h"
#include "ConcreteSystem.h"
void SystemState::Restart(ConcreteSystem *cs) {
}
void SystemState::SelfTestFailed(ConcreteSystem *cs) {
}
void SystemState::ChangeState(ConcreteSystem *cs, SystemState *state) {
cs->ChangeState(state);
}
SelfTest.h
#ifndef SELFTEST_H_
#define SELFTEST_H_
#include "SystemState.h"
class SelfTest : public SystemState {
public:
SelfTest();
void SelfTestFailed(ConcreteSystem* cs);
static SystemState* GetInstance();
private:
static SystemState* instance;
};
#endif /* SELFTEST_H_ */
SelfTest.cpp
#include "SelfTest.h"
#include "Failure.h"
SystemState* SelfTest::instance = 0;
SelfTest::SelfTest() {
}
void SelfTest::SelfTestFailed(ConcreteSystem *cs) {
ChangeState(cs, Failure::GetInstance());
}
SystemState* SelfTest::GetInstance() {
if (instance == 0) {
instance = new SelfTest();
}
return instance;
}
Failure.h
#ifndef FAILURE_H_
#define FAILURE_H_
#include "SystemState.h"
class SelfTest;
class Failure : public SystemState {
public:
Failure();
void Restart(ConcreteSystem* t);
static SystemState* GetInstance();
private:
static SystemState* instance;
};
#endif /* FAILURE_H_ */
Failure.cpp
#include "Failure.h"
#include "SelfTest.h"
SystemState* Failure::instance = 0;
Failure::Failure() {
}
void Failure::Restart(ConcreteSystem* t) {
ChangeState(t, SelfTest::GetInstance());
}
SystemState* Failure::GetInstance() {
if (instance == 0) {
instance = new Failure();
}
return instance;
}
I have problem with the includes, which gives me some weird compiler errors. Anyone with a good solution to this problem?
From the looks of the code you've posted, you'll have classes being redefined. Looking at your Failure.cpp file, you have:
#include "Failure.h"
#include "SelfTest.h"
Which will include both of those files, and each of those files include the SystemState.h file. Since the SystemState.h file is included more than once, it tries to redefine the SystemState class. At the top of each of your header files, you should do something like this:
// SystemState.h
#ifndef SystemState_h
#define SystemState_h
.. class definition ..
#endif // close the if statement from above.
As an aside on the design, I think it's bad form for the states to know about each other - use your ConcreteSystem as a state controller and then base the state on the return value of the last state operation.
Also, if you're relatively inexperienced with C++, I would recommend looking at this as a great source of learning material (in addition to StackOverflow, of course!).