The exception says:
Unhandled exception at 0x00F52157 in Foundry.exe: 0xC0000005: access violation reading location 0x00000030.
and points to this line in controls.cpp:
glfwGetCursorPos(window, &xpos, &ypos);
Controls code in separate file controls.cpp:
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
extern GLFWwindow* window;
#include <glm/glm.hpp>
#include <glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>
using namespace glm;
#include "controls.hpp"
glm::mat4 ViewMatrix;
glm::mat4 ProjectionMatrix;
glm::mat4 getViewMatrix(){
return ViewMatrix;
}
glm::mat4 getProjectionMatrix(){
return ProjectionMatrix;
}
glm::vec3 position = glm::vec3( 0, 0, 5 );
float horizontalAngle = 3.14f;
float verticalAngle = 0.0f;
float initialFoV = 45.0f;
float speed = 3.0f;
float mouseSpeed = 0.005f;
void computeMatricesFromInputs(){
static double lastTime = glfwGetTime();
double currentTime = glfwGetTime();
float deltaTime = float(currentTime - lastTime);
double xpos;
double ypos;
glfwGetCursorPos(window, &xpos, &ypos);
glfwSetCursorPos(window, 1280/2, 1024/2);
horizontalAngle += mouseSpeed * float (1280/2 - xpos );
verticalAngle += mouseSpeed * float (1024/2 - ypos );
glm::vec3 direction(
cos(verticalAngle) * sin(horizontalAngle),
sin(verticalAngle),
cos(verticalAngle) * cos(horizontalAngle)
);
glm::vec3 right = glm::vec3(
sin(horizontalAngle - 3.14f/2.0f),
0,
cos(horizontalAngle - 3.14f/2.0f)
);
glm::vec3 up = glm::cross( right, direction );
if (glfwGetKey( window, GLFW_KEY_UP || GLFW_KEY_W ) == GLFW_PRESS){
position += direction * deltaTime * speed;
}
if (glfwGetKey( window, GLFW_KEY_DOWN || GLFW_KEY_S ) == GLFW_PRESS){
position -= direction * deltaTime * speed;
}
if (glfwGetKey( window, GLFW_KEY_RIGHT || GLFW_KEY_D ) == GLFW_PRESS){
position += right * deltaTime * speed;
}
if (glfwGetKey( window, GLFW_KEY_LEFT || GLFW_KEY_A ) == GLFW_PRESS){
position -= right * deltaTime * speed;
}
float FoV = initialFoV;
ProjectionMatrix = glm::perspective(FoV, 5.0f / 4.0f, 0.1f, 100.0f);
ViewMatrix = glm::lookAt(position,position+direction,up);
lastTime = currentTime;
}
The program works well without matrices being modified by input controls.
To be honest, I don't know much about low level programming and memory allocation, so this might be the cause.
This is memory access violation not exception that you get there.
That window is likely bad pointer when matrices are computed. Somewhere in your code is result of glfwCreateWindow() assigned to that window. Is it done before computing the matrices? Does this result with not NULL value? there may be glfwDestroyWindow(window); somewhere in your code. If so is it done after computing the matrices?
Related
I have the following code:
void mouseCallback(GLFWwindow* window, double xpos, double ypos)
{
if (glfwGetMouseButton(window, GLFW_MOUSE_BUTTON_LEFT) == GLFW_PRESS)
{
const float radius = std::sqrt(std::pow(camX, 2) +
std::pow(camY, 2) + std::pow(camZ, 2));
camX = (cos(ypos) + sin(ypos)) * radius;
camY = (sin(xpos) + cos(ypos)) * radius;
camZ = (cos(ypos) + sin(xpos)) * radius;
}
}
this code is naturally rotate my camera but I can't get what I'm looking for. So let me describe what I want to do:
if I move my mouse, I want to rotate the camera, the radius is the distance between my camera and my model (the model is naturally at (0, 0, 0)).
view = glm::lookAt(glm::vec3(camX, camY, camZ),
glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 5.0f) + cameraFront,
glm::vec3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f));
the cameraFront is for translation and it works.
Could someone help me?
thanks
So i have been learning opengl and 3d game programming, i started trying to make a camera class and implement movement and viewing with mouse.
Moving works flawlessly but looking around with mouse isn't working as it should.
Looking up without any problems only works when yaw is 0°, then i can look straight up. But when, yaw < 0 or yaw > 0, looking up wont be straight up but more like this ) or ( .
i also noticed that when yaw isn't 0 looking forces yaw to 0 while either looking down or up.
i dont understand why this is happening, why does pitch only work correctly when yaw is 0 and when it is not why does it forced yaw to be 0.
im following a tutorial nothing really seems wrong
processing mouse movement and updating
void Camera::processMouseMovement(GLfloat xOffset, GLfloat yOffset)
{
GLboolean constrainPitch = true;
xOffset *= this->mouseSensitivity;
yOffset *= this->mouseSensitivity;
this->yaw += xOffset;
this->pitch += yOffset;
if(constrainPitch)
{
if(this->pitch > 90.0f)
{
this->pitch = 90.0f;
}
if(this->pitch < -90.0f)
{
this->pitch = -90.0f;
}
}
this->updateCameraVectors();
}
here's is my update function
void Camera::updateCameraVectors()
{
Vector3 front;
Matrix4 mat4;
front.x = cos((DEG2RAD * this->yaw) * cos(DEG2RAD * this->pitch));
front.y = sin(DEG2RAD * this->pitch);
front.z = sin((DEG2RAD * this->yaw) * cos(DEG2RAD * this->pitch));
this->front = mat4.normalize(front);
this->right = mat4.normalize(mat4.cross(this->front, this->worldUp));
this->up = mat4.normalize(mat4.cross(this->right, this->front));
std::cout << "yaw: " << yaw << std::endl;
std::cout << "pitch: " << pitch << std::endl;
}
in main.cpp
Camera camera(Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f));
GLfloat lastX = width / 2.0f;
GLfloat lastY = height / 2.0f;
GLboolean key[1024];
GLboolean firstMouse = true;
GLfloat deltaTime = 0.0f;
GLfloat lastFrame = 0.0f;
input with glfw, aslo in main.cpp
glfwSetKeyCallback(window, keyCallBack);
glfwSetCursorPosCallback(window, mouseCallBack);
glfwSetInputMode(window, GLFW_CURSOR, GLFW_CURSOR_DISABLED);
in main loop
GLfloat currentFrame = glfwGetTime();
deltaTime = currentFrame - lastFrame;
lastFrame = currentFrame;
glfwPollEvents();
doMovement();
proj = proj.perspective(camera.getZoom(), float(700 / 600), 1.0f, 1000.0f);
glUniformMatrix4fv(uniProj, 1, GL_FALSE, proj.get());
view = camera.getViewMatrix();
mouse callback function
void mouseCallBack(GLFWwindow *window, GLdouble xPos, GLdouble yPos)
{
if(firstMouse)
{
lastX = xPos;
lastY = yPos;
firstMouse = false;
}
GLfloat xOffset = lastX - xPos;
GLfloat yOffset = yPos - lastY;
lastX = xPos;
lastY = yPos;
std::cout << "mouse position x: " << xPos << std::endl;
std::cout << "mouse position y: " << yPos << std::endl;
camera.processMouseMovement(xOffset, yOffset);
}
thank you :)
Assuming front is your average-everyday forward vector, I would calculate it like so:
front.x = cos(DEG2RAD * this->yaw) * sin(DEG2RAD * this->pitch);
front.y = sin(DEG2RAD * this->yaw);
front.z = cos(DEG2RAD * this->yaw) * cos(DEG2RAD * this->pitch);
I'm not keen enough on my trigonometry to understand what your code is doing.
UPDATE: I stared at your code for a while... It looks like the outer set of parenthesis in your code is a mistake. The only other difference between my code and that is my use of sin when calculating forward.x, which would just swap an axis.
I'm trying to move camera around the player.
Right now I'm using camera class like this:
Camera::Camera(glm::vec3 position, glm::vec3 up, GLfloat yaw, GLfloat pitch)
{
this->position = position;
this->m_WorldUp = up;
this->up = up;
this->m_Yaw = yaw;
this->m_Pitch = pitch;
this->UpdateCameraVectors();
}
glm::mat4 Camera::getViewMatrix()
{
return glm::lookAt(position, position + m_Front, up);
}
void Camera::ProcessKeyboard(Camera_Movement direction, GLfloat deltaTime)
{
float velocity = moveSpeed * deltaTime;
switch (direction) {
case FORWARD: position += m_Front * velocity; break;
case BACKWARD: position -= m_Front * velocity; break;
case LEFT: position -= m_Right * velocity; break;
case RIGHT: position += m_Right * velocity; break;
case UPWARDS: position += m_WorldUp * velocity; break;
case DOWNWARDS: position -= m_WorldUp * velocity; break;
}
}
void Camera::ProcessMouseMovement(GLfloat xOffset, GLfloat yOffset, GLboolean constrainPitch)
{
xOffset *= sensitivity;
yOffset *= sensitivity;
m_Yaw += xOffset;
m_Pitch += yOffset;
if (constrainPitch) {
if (m_Pitch > 89.0f) {
m_Pitch = 89.0f;
} else if (m_Pitch < -89.0f) {
m_Pitch = -89.0f;
}
}
UpdateCameraVectors();
}
void Camera::UpdateCameraVectors()
{
glm::vec3 front;
front.x = cos(glm::radians(m_Yaw)) * cos(glm::radians(m_Pitch));
front.y = -sin(glm::radians(m_Pitch));
front.z = sin(glm::radians(m_Yaw)) * cos(glm::radians(m_Pitch));
m_Front = glm::normalize(front);
m_Right = glm::normalize(glm::cross(m_Front, m_WorldUp));
up = glm::normalize(glm::cross(m_Right, m_Front));
}
It allows me to free look and move around the world.
Player's update method at the moment:
glm::mat4 projection = glm::mat4(1.0f);
projection = glm::perspective(glm::radians(45.0f), 16.0f / 9.0f, 0.1f, 1000.0f);
glm::mat4 view = glm::mat4(1.0f);
view = camera->getViewMatrix();
glm::mat4 model = glm::mat4(1.0f); {
glm::mat4 translate = glm::translate(model, position);
glm::mat4 rotate = glm::rotate(model, glm::radians(180.0f), glm::vec3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f));
glm::mat4 scale = glm::scale(model, glm::vec3(0.1f, 0.1f, 0.1f));
model = translate * rotate * scale;
}
glm::mat4 mvp = projection * view * model;
GLint u_mvp = shader.GetUniformLocation("u_mvp");
glUniformMatrix4fv(u_mvp, 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(mvp));
I know that I have to change something with view matrix, but I have not got enough knowledge.
How can I upgrade my camera class that it can look, rotate, around a player, like in a circle, an MMO RPG style?
The camera class itself should not be receiving keyboard updates at all - that should be done in the player class. Every time the player moves, update the camera class with its new position. See comments in below code for more details.
Camera::Camera(glm::vec3 position, glm::vec3 up, GLfloat yaw, GLfloat pitch, GLfloat dist)
{
m_WorldUp = up;
// this->up = up; <- delete this variable; lookAt computes it for us
m_Pos = position; // this is the *player* position
m_Yaw = yaw;
m_Pitch = pitch;
m_Dist = dist; // distance from the player
UpdateViewMatrix(true);
}
// private method
void Camera::UpdateViewMatrix(bool computeDir = false)
{
// compute the new direction
if (computeDir)
{
glm::vec3 radial;
radial.x = cos(glm::radians(m_Yaw)) * cos(glm::radians(m_Pitch));
radial.y = sin(glm::radians(m_Pitch)); // there was a sign error here
radial.z = sin(glm::radians(m_Yaw)) * cos(glm::radians(m_Pitch));
m_Dir = -radial;
}
glm::vec3 pos = m_Pos - m_Dist * m_Dir; // *camera* position
// additional view matrix member variable
// you were using lookAt in the wrong way
m_View = glm::lookAt(m_Pos, pos, m_WorldUp);
}
// public method - call this everytime the player moves
void Camera::UpdateTargetPosition(glm::vec3 const & pos)
{
m_Pos = pos;
UpdateViewMatrix();
}
void Camera::UpdateAngles(GLfloat yaw, GLfloat pitch, GLboolean constrainPitch)
{
if (constrainPitch) {
if (pitch > 89.0f) {
pitch = 89.0f;
} else if (pitch < -89.0f) {
pitch = -89.0f;
}
}
// if yaw is outside the conventional range (-180.0, 180.0], shift it
if (yaw < -180.0f || yaw > 180.0f) {
yaw -= floor((yaw + 180.0f) / 360.0f) * 360.0f;
}
m_Yaw = yaw;
m_Pitch = pitch;
UpdateViewMatrix(true);
}
void Camera::ProcessMouseMovement(GLfloat xOffset, GLfloat yOffset, GLboolean constrainPitch)
{
UpdateAngles(m_Yaw + xOffset * sensitivity,
m_Pitch + yOffset * sensitivity,
constrainPitch);
}
for mouse follow you need:
camera = inverse(player * camera_view_and_offset)
where player is your player direct matrix, camera_view_and_offset is the view offset and turn around matrix relative to your player coordinate system and camera is your camera inverse matrix you should use as part of modelview ....
for more info see:
Understanding 4x4 homogenous transform matrices
I have been following along with this tutorial series, whilst customising the code for my own goals (to render a 3D point cloud). I am able to render and move the point cloud around based on the mouse_input callback and can scroll in/out using the scroll callback. From what I've read/understood, the camera should be able to orbit around the point cloud (model) via the keyboard input. I am using W,S,A,D as forward, back, left, right inputs. I've tried lowercase and uppercase input (dont know if that makes a difference). I cant seem to get a response from the model.
I have gone over the code a few times and really can't see where I am going wrong.
Code below.
I am using Visual Studio 2017 Community.
Source.cpp
#include <glad/glad.h>
#include <C:\\Users\\jhansen\\Desktop\\OpenGL\\glad\\KHR\\khrplatform.h>
#include <C:\\Users\\jhansen\\Desktop\\OpenGL\\glad\\glad.c>
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
#include <glm/glm.hpp>
#include <glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>
#include <glm/gtc/type_ptr.hpp>
#include <Shader.h>
#include <Camera.h>
#include <iostream>
void framebuffer_size_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int width, int height);
void mouse_callback(GLFWwindow* window, double xpos, double ypos);
void scroll_callback(GLFWwindow* window, double xoffset, double yoffset);
void processInput(GLFWwindow *window);
// settings
const unsigned int SCR_WIDTH = 800;
const unsigned int SCR_HEIGHT = 800;
// camera
Camera camera(glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 3.0f));
float lastX = SCR_WIDTH / 2.0f;
float lastY = SCR_HEIGHT / 2.0f;
bool firstMouse = true;
// timing
float deltaTime = 0.0f; // time between current frame and last frame
float lastFrame = 0.0f;
int main()
{
// glfw: initialize and configure
// ------------------------------
glfwInit();
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);
//glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_FORWARD_COMPAT, GL_TRUE); // uncomment this statement to fix compilation on OS X
// glfw window creation
// --------------------
GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow(SCR_WIDTH, SCR_HEIGHT, "LearnOpenGL", NULL, NULL);
if (window == NULL)
{
std::cout << "Failed to create GLFW window" << std::endl;
glfwTerminate();
return -1;
}
glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
glfwSetFramebufferSizeCallback(window, framebuffer_size_callback);
glfwSetCursorPosCallback(window, mouse_callback);
glfwSetScrollCallback(window, scroll_callback);
// tell GLFW to capture our mouse
glfwSetInputMode(window, GLFW_CURSOR, GLFW_CURSOR_NORMAL);
// glad: load all OpenGL function pointers
// ---------------------------------------
if (!gladLoadGLLoader((GLADloadproc)glfwGetProcAddress))
{
std::cout << "Failed to initialize GLAD" << std::endl;
return -1;
}
// configure global opengl state
// -----------------------------
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
Shader ourShader("VertexShader.vs",
"FragShader.fs");
// set up vertex data (and buffer(s)) and configure vertex attributes
// ------------------------------------------------------------------
float vertices[] = {
-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, // left
0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, // right
0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f // top
};
struct Point
{
float x;
float y;
float z;
};
Point points[32000];
// Generate 32000 points
for (int i = 0; i < 32000; i++)
{
points[i].x = (float)((rand() % SCR_WIDTH) + 1);
points[i].y = (float)((rand() % SCR_WIDTH) + 1);
points[i].z = (float)((rand() % SCR_WIDTH) + 1);
// X Coords to Normalised Device coordinates
if (points[i].x > 400)
{
points[i].x = points[i].x * 0.00125f;
}
else if (points[i].x < 400)
{
points[i].x = points[i].x * -0.00125f;
}
else if (points[i].x == 400)
{
points[i].x = 0.0f;
}
// Y Coords to Normalised Device coordinates
if (points[i].y > 400)
{
points[i].y = points[i].y * 0.00125f;
}
else if (points[i].y < 400)
{
points[i].y = points[i].y * -0.00125f;
}
else if (points[i].y == 400)
{
points[i].y = 0.0f;
}
// Z Coords to Normalised Device coordinates
if (points[i].z > 400)
{
points[i].z = points[i].z * 0.00125f;
}
else if (points[i].z < 400)
{
points[i].z = points[i].z * -0.00125f;
}
else if (points[i].z == 400)
{
points[i].z = 0.0f;
}
//cout << points[i].x << ", " << points[i].y << ", " << points[i].z << endl;
}
unsigned int VBO, VAO;
glGenVertexArrays(1, &VAO);
glGenBuffers(1, &VBO);
// bind the Vertex Array Object first, then bind and set vertex buffer(s), and then configure vertex attributes(s).
glBindVertexArray(VAO);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBO);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(points), points, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
// note that this is allowed, the call to glVertexAttribPointer registered VBO as the vertex attribute's bound vertex buffer object so afterwards we can safely unbind
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
// You can unbind the VAO afterwards so other VAO calls won't accidentally modify this VAO, but this rarely happens. Modifying other
// VAOs requires a call to glBindVertexArray anyways so we generally don't unbind VAOs (nor VBOs) when it's not directly necessary.
glBindVertexArray(0);
// uncomment this call to draw in wireframe polygons.
//glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_LINE);
// render loop
// -----------
while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
{
// input
// -----
processInput(window);
// render
// ------
glClearColor(0.2f, 0.3f, 0.3f, 1.0f);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
// activate shader
ourShader.use();
// pass projection matrix to shader (note that in this case it could change every frame)
glm::mat4 projection = glm::perspective(glm::radians(camera.Zoom), (float)SCR_WIDTH / (float)SCR_HEIGHT, 0.1f, 100.0f);
ourShader.setMat4("projection", projection);
// camera/view transformation
glm::mat4 view = camera.GetViewMatrix();
ourShader.setMat4("view", view);
glm::mat4 model;
model = glm::rotate(model, glm::radians(-55.0f), glm::vec3(1.0f, 0.3f, 0.5f));
ourShader.setMat4("model", model);
// draw our points array
//glUseProgram(shaderProgram);
glBindVertexArray(VAO); // seeing as we only have a single VAO there's no need to bind it every time, but we'll do so to keep things a bit more organized
glPointSize(3.0f);
glDrawArrays(GL_POINTS, 0, 32000);
// glBindVertexArray(0); // no need to unbind it every time
// glfw: swap buffers and poll IO events (keys pressed/released, mouse moved etc.)
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
glfwSwapBuffers(window);
glfwPollEvents();
}
// optional: de-allocate all resources once they've outlived their purpose:
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &VAO);
glDeleteBuffers(1, &VBO);
// glfw: terminate, clearing all previously allocated GLFW resources.
// ------------------------------------------------------------------
glfwTerminate();
return 0;
}
// process all input: query GLFW whether relevant keys are pressed/released this frame and react accordingly
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void processInput(GLFWwindow *window)
{
if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE) == GLFW_PRESS)
glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, true);
if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_W) == GLFW_PRESS)
camera.ProcessKeyboard(FORWARD, deltaTime);
if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_S) == GLFW_PRESS)
camera.ProcessKeyboard(BACKWARD, deltaTime);
if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_A) == GLFW_PRESS)
camera.ProcessKeyboard(LEFT, deltaTime);
if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_D) == GLFW_PRESS)
camera.ProcessKeyboard(RIGHT, deltaTime);
}
// glfw: whenever the window size changed (by OS or user resize) this callback function executes
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void framebuffer_size_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int width, int height)
{
// make sure the viewport matches the new window dimensions; note that width and
// height will be significantly larger than specified on retina displays.
glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
}
// glfw: whenever the mouse moves, this callback is called
// -------------------------------------------------------
void mouse_callback(GLFWwindow* window, double xpos, double ypos)
{
if (firstMouse)
{
lastX = xpos;
lastY = ypos;
firstMouse = false;
}
float xoffset = xpos - lastX;
float yoffset = lastY - ypos; // reversed since y-coordinates go from bottom to top
lastX = xpos;
lastY = ypos;
camera.ProcessMouseMovement(xoffset, yoffset);
}
// glfw: whenever the mouse scroll wheel scrolls, this callback is called
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
void scroll_callback(GLFWwindow* window, double xoffset, double yoffset)
{
camera.ProcessMouseScroll(yoffset);
}
Camera.h
#ifndef CAMERA_H
#define CAMERA_H
#include <glad/glad.h>
#include <glm/glm.hpp>
#include <glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>
#include <vector>
// Defines several possible options for camera movement. Used as abstraction to stay away from window-system specific input methods
enum Camera_Movement {
FORWARD,
BACKWARD,
LEFT,
RIGHT
};
// Default camera values
const float YAW = -90.0f;
const float PITCH = 0.0f;
const float SPEED = 2.5f;
const float SENSITIVTY = 0.1f;
const float ZOOM = 45.0f;
// An abstract camera class that processes input and calculates the corresponding Eular Angles, Vectors and Matrices for use in OpenGL
class Camera
{
public:
// Camera Attributes
glm::vec3 Position;
glm::vec3 Front;
glm::vec3 Up;
glm::vec3 Right;
glm::vec3 WorldUp;
// Eular Angles
float Yaw;
float Pitch;
// Camera options
float MovementSpeed;
float MouseSensitivity;
float Zoom;
// Constructor with vectors
Camera(glm::vec3 position = glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f), glm::vec3 up = glm::vec3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f), float yaw = YAW, float pitch = PITCH) : Front(glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f)), MovementSpeed(SPEED), MouseSensitivity(SENSITIVTY), Zoom(ZOOM)
{
Position = position;
WorldUp = up;
Yaw = yaw;
Pitch = pitch;
updateCameraVectors();
}
// Constructor with scalar values
Camera(float posX, float posY, float posZ, float upX, float upY, float upZ, float yaw, float pitch) : Front(glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f)), MovementSpeed(SPEED), MouseSensitivity(SENSITIVTY), Zoom(ZOOM)
{
Position = glm::vec3(posX, posY, posZ);
WorldUp = glm::vec3(upX, upY, upZ);
Yaw = yaw;
Pitch = pitch;
updateCameraVectors();
}
// Returns the view matrix calculated using Eular Angles and the LookAt Matrix
glm::mat4 GetViewMatrix()
{
return glm::lookAt(Position, Position + Front, Up);
}
// Processes input received from any keyboard-like input system. Accepts input parameter in the form of camera defined ENUM (to abstract it from windowing systems)
void ProcessKeyboard(Camera_Movement direction, float deltaTime)
{
float velocity = MovementSpeed * deltaTime;
if (direction == FORWARD)
Position += Front * velocity;
if (direction == BACKWARD)
Position -= Front * velocity;
if (direction == LEFT)
Position -= Right * velocity;
if (direction == RIGHT)
Position += Right * velocity;
}
// Processes input received from a mouse input system. Expects the offset value in both the x and y direction.
void ProcessMouseMovement(float xoffset, float yoffset, GLboolean constrainPitch = true)
{
xoffset *= MouseSensitivity;
yoffset *= MouseSensitivity;
Yaw += xoffset;
Pitch += yoffset;
// Make sure that when pitch is out of bounds, screen doesn't get flipped
if (constrainPitch)
{
if (Pitch > 89.0f)
Pitch = 89.0f;
if (Pitch < -89.0f)
Pitch = -89.0f;
}
// Update Front, Right and Up Vectors using the updated Eular angles
updateCameraVectors();
}
// Processes input received from a mouse scroll-wheel event. Only requires input on the vertical wheel-axis
void ProcessMouseScroll(float yoffset)
{
if (Zoom >= 1.0f && Zoom <= 45.0f)
Zoom -= yoffset;
if (Zoom <= 1.0f)
Zoom = 1.0f;
if (Zoom >= 45.0f)
Zoom = 45.0f;
}
private:
// Calculates the front vector from the Camera's (updated) Eular Angles
void updateCameraVectors()
{
// Calculate the new Front vector
glm::vec3 front;
front.x = cos(glm::radians(Yaw)) * cos(glm::radians(Pitch));
front.y = sin(glm::radians(Pitch));
front.z = sin(glm::radians(Yaw)) * cos(glm::radians(Pitch));
Front = glm::normalize(front);
// Also re-calculate the Right and Up vector
Right = glm::normalize(glm::cross(Front, WorldUp)); // Normalize the vectors, because their length gets closer to 0 the more you look up or down which results in slower movement.
Up = glm::normalize(glm::cross(Right, Front));
}
};
#endif
This might help you as a good reference for this is out of my Player::move() method where different movements are enumerated types.
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
// move()
// Move The Player In A Desired Direction
void Player::move( Action action, float fDeltaTime ) {
Vector3 v3LookDirection;
v3LookDirection = m_v3LookCenter - m_v3Position;
switch ( action ) {
case MOVING_FORWARD: {
// Prevent Vertical Motion
v3LookDirection.m_fY = 0.0f;
m_v3Position += v3LookDirection * fDeltaTime * m_fLinearSpeed;
m_v3LookCenter += v3LookDirection * fDeltaTime * m_fLinearSpeed;
break;
}
case MOVING_BACK: {
// Prevent Vertical Motion
v3LookDirection.m_fY = 0.0f;
m_v3Position -= v3LookDirection * fDeltaTime * m_fLinearSpeed;
m_v3LookCenter -= v3LookDirection * fDeltaTime * m_fLinearSpeed;
break;
}
case MOVING_LEFT: {
// Get "Side" Direction & Prevent Vertical Motion
v3LookDirection.m_fY = v3LookDirection.m_fX;
v3LookDirection.m_fX = -v3LookDirection.m_fZ;
v3LookDirection.m_fZ = v3LookDirection.m_fY;
v3LookDirection.m_fY = 0.0f;
m_v3Position -= v3LookDirection * fDeltaTime * m_fLinearSpeed;
m_v3LookCenter -= v3LookDirection * fDeltaTime * m_fLinearSpeed;
break;
}
case MOVING_RIGHT: {
// Get "Side" Direction & Prevent Vertical Motion
v3LookDirection.m_fY = v3LookDirection.m_fX;
v3LookDirection.m_fX = -v3LookDirection.m_fZ;
v3LookDirection.m_fZ = v3LookDirection.m_fY;
v3LookDirection.m_fY = 0.0f;
m_v3Position += v3LookDirection * fDeltaTime * m_fLinearSpeed;
m_v3LookCenter += v3LookDirection * fDeltaTime * m_fLinearSpeed;
break;
}
case LOOKING_LEFT: {
/*float fSin = -sin( fDeltaTime * m_fAngularSpeed );
float fCos = cos( fDeltaTime * m_fAngularSpeed );
m_v3LookCenter.m_fX = m_v3Position.m_fX + (-fSin * v3LookDirection.m_fZ + fCos * v3LookDirection.m_fX );
m_v3LookCenter.m_fZ = m_v3Position.m_fZ + ( fCos * v3LookDirection.m_fZ + fSin * v3LookDirection.m_fX );
break;*/
// Third Person
float fSin = sin( fDeltaTime * m_fAngularSpeed );
float fCos = -cos( fDeltaTime * m_fAngularSpeed );
m_v3Position.m_fX = m_v3LookCenter.m_fX + (-fSin * v3LookDirection.m_fZ + fCos * v3LookDirection.m_fX );
m_v3Position.m_fZ = m_v3LookCenter.m_fZ + ( fCos * v3LookDirection.m_fZ + fSin * v3LookDirection.m_fX );
break;
}
case LOOKING_RIGHT: {
/*float fSin = sin( fDeltaTime * m_fAngularSpeed );
float fCos = cos( fDeltaTime * m_fAngularSpeed );
m_v3LookCenter.m_fX = m_v3Position.m_fX + (-fSin * v3LookDirection.m_fZ + fCos * v3LookDirection.m_fX );
m_v3LookCenter.m_fZ = m_v3Position.m_fZ + ( fCos * v3LookDirection.m_fZ + fSin * v3LookDirection.m_fX );
break;*/
// Third Person
float fSin = -sin( fDeltaTime * _fAngularSpeed );
float fCos = -cos( fDeltaTime * _fAngularSpeed );
m_v3Position.m_fX = m_v3LookCenter.m_fX + (-fSin * v3LookDirection.m_fZ + fCos * v3LookDirection.m_fX );
m_v3Position.m_fZ = m_v3LookCenter.m_fZ + ( fCos * v3LookDirection.m_fZ + fSin * v3LookDirection.m_fX );
break;
}
case LOOKING_UP: {
m_v3LookCenter.m_fY -= fDeltaTime * m_fAngularSpeed * m_MouseLookState;
// Check Maximum Values
if ( m_v3LookCenter.m_fY > (m_v3Position.m_fY + m_fMaxUp ) ) {
m_v3LookCenter.m_fY = m_v3Position.m_fY + m_fMaxUp;
} else if ( m_v3LookCenter.m_fY < (m_v3Position.m_fY - m_fMaxDown) ) {
m_v3LookCenter.m_fY = m_v3Position.m_fY - _fMaxDown;
}
break;
}
}
} // move
This is coming from an old project when I was learning OpenGL 1.0 (Legacy). Everything was done manually without existing libraries; even had to write a few vector libraries. This player class is independent from the Camera class but gets it's position and look direction vectors from it. These are tightly integrated into an GameOGL class that creates a window, message proc, message handler and sets up all of OpenGL stuff as well as a very large Scene class object. The math used here works as this belongs to a 3D Game Engine in which a Third Person View dungeon type game is made. Just make sure you are using the appropriate rotation matrices and trig methods for doing rotations based on the handedness of your 3D graph system.
Also the rotational motion that you are trying to achieve might be different. This causes the player - camera to turn left and right as if you are looking into the distance. The type of rotation you might want would be almost considered the inverse of that where your looking direction & distance remains fixed to the model but your camera is rotating through the world at a specific rotational velocity.
I'm following this tutorial here (I'm aware that theres changes from glfw 2 to 3 that haven't been defined in this tutorial, and I've corrected those aspects.
However, when trying to compile after having what should be working, I'm getting an error in that my header file isn't recognising the glm as a namespace, and so it's assuming int which breaks the rest of the program.
My header is as follows:
#ifndef CONTROLS_HPP
#define CONTROLS_HPP
void computeMatricesFromInputs();
glm::mat4 getViewMatrix();
glm::mat4 getProjectionMatrix();
#endif
and my .cpp file is this:
// Include GLFW
#include <glfw3.h>
extern GLFWwindow* window;
// Include GLM
#include <glm/glm.hpp>
#include <glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>
#include <glm/gtx/transform.hpp>
using namespace glm;
#include "Outputs/controls.hpp"
glm::mat4 ViewMatrix;
glm::mat4 ProjectionMatrix;
glm::mat4 getViewMatrix(){
return ViewMatrix;
}
glm::mat4 getProjectionMatrix(){
return ProjectionMatrix;
}
// Initial position : on +Z
glm::vec3 position = glm::vec3(0, 0, 5);
// Initial horizontal angle : toward -Z
float horizontalAngle = 3.14f;
// Initial vertical angle : none
float verticalAngle = 0.0f;
// Initial Field of View
float initialFoV = 45.0f;
float speed = 3.0f; // 3 units / second
float mouseSpeed = 0.005f;
void computeMatricesFromInputs(){
// glfwGetTime is called only once, the first time this function is called
static double lastTime = glfwGetTime();
// Compute time difference between current and last frame
double currentTime = glfwGetTime();
float deltaTime = float(currentTime - lastTime);
// Get mouse position
double xpos, ypos;
glfwGetCursorPos(window, &xpos, &ypos);
// Reset mouse position for next frame
glfwSetCursorPos(window, 1024 / 2, 768 / 2);
// Compute new orientation
horizontalAngle += mouseSpeed * float(1024 / 2 - xpos);
verticalAngle += mouseSpeed * float(768 / 2 - ypos);
// Direction : Spherical coordinates to Cartesian coordinates conversion
glm::vec3 direction(
cos(verticalAngle) * sin(horizontalAngle),
sin(verticalAngle),
cos(verticalAngle) * cos(horizontalAngle)
);
// Right vector
glm::vec3 right = glm::vec3(
sin(horizontalAngle - 3.14f / 2.0f),
0,
cos(horizontalAngle - 3.14f / 2.0f)
);
// Up vector
glm::vec3 up = glm::cross(right, direction);
// Move forward
if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_UP) == GLFW_PRESS){
position += direction * deltaTime * speed;
}
// Move backward
if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_DOWN) == GLFW_PRESS){
position -= direction * deltaTime * speed;
}
// Strafe right
if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_RIGHT) == GLFW_PRESS){
position += right * deltaTime * speed;
}
// Strafe left
if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_LEFT) == GLFW_PRESS){
position -= right * deltaTime * speed;
}
float FoV = initialFoV;
// Projection matrix : 45° Field of View, 4:3 ratio, display range : 0.1 unit <-> 100 units
ProjectionMatrix = glm::perspective(FoV, 4.0f / 3.0f, 0.1f, 100.0f);
// Camera matrix
ViewMatrix = glm::lookAt(
position, // Camera is here
position + direction, // and looks here : at the same position, plus "direction"
up // Head is up (set to 0,-1,0 to look upside-down)
);
// For the next frame, the "last time" will be "now"
lastTime = currentTime;
}
I'm pretty confused whats going on here, all other aspects using glm have been completely fine.
This question has been answered by Borgleader for me (thanks!). It was solved by using the include for glm in the header too.