c++11 partial class specialization using already implemented methods - templates

assuimng this example code
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <unistd.h>
template< typename T, typename S >
class MyClass
{
public:
MyClass () : v(10) {}
bool ok () { return true; }
T run (S s, int i) { return v.at(i) = s(); }
private:
std::vector<T> v;
};
int main ()
{
auto f_int = [=]() -> int { sleep(1); return 15; };
MyClass<int, stdmc::function< int(void) > > mc_int;
std::cout << mc_int.run(f_int, 1) << std::endl;
return 0;
}
I want to make partial template specialization for T=void type without rewriting duplicite code. Obviously I only need to reimplement run and possibly get rid of vector as it can't store void type.
There is a lot of literature covering this topic (using enums or int template params), however not a single example of similar problems (i.e. reimplementing only one method and problematic vector).
My motivation is obvious - I need common methods written only once for future code revisions.
My attempt (using code above):
template< typename S >
class MyClass<void, S>
{
public:
// same constructor
// same ok() method
void run (S s, int i) { return s(); }
private:
// without std::vector<T> v;
};
// ----- main ------
auto f_void = [=]() -> void { sleep(1); };
MyClass<void, std::function< void(void) > > mc_void;
std::cout << mc_void.run(f_void, 1) << std::endl;
Is there any way implementing this behaviour in c++11? If so, what is the proper syntax? If not, what do you recommend - copying the whole class while correcting only one method or restructing whole class completely in order to avoid these problems (maybe use vector<T*> which should be able to store void*)?

thanks to Oktalist - this seems to work
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <unistd.h>
class Base
{
public:
bool ok () { return true; }
};
template< typename T, typename S >
class MyClass : public Base
{
public:
MyClass () : v(10) {}
T run (S s, int i) { return v.at(i) = s(); }
private:
std::vector<T> v;
};
template< typename S >
class MyClass<void, S> : Base
{
public:
MyClass () = default;
void run (S s, int i) { return s(); }
};
int main ()
{
auto f_int = [=]() -> int { sleep(1); return 15; };
MyClass<int, std::function< int(void) > > mc_int;
std::cout << mc_int.run(f_int, 1) << std::endl;
auto f_void = [=]() -> void { sleep(1); std::cout << "done" << std::endl; };
MyClass<void, std::function< void(void) > > mc_void;
mc_void.run(f_void, 1);
return 0;
}

Related

How can you iterate over elements of a std::tuple with a shared base class?

Assume you have a std::tuple with a common base class:
class MyBase { public: virtual int getVal() = 0; };
class MyFoo1: public MyBase { public: int getVal() override { return 101; } };
class MyFoo2: public MyBase { public: int getVal() override { return 202; } };
using MyTuple = std::tuple<MyFoo1, MyFoo2, MyFoo1>;
How do you iterate over the elements of the tuple at runtime? The usual answer is that you can't because they all have different types, but here I'm happy for a static type of MyBase*. I'm hoping for code like this:
MyTuple t;
for (Base* b : iterate_tuple<MyBase>(t)) {
std::cout << "Got " << b->getVal() << "\n";
}
There are a lot of helpful ideas over at How can you iterate over the elements of an std::tuple?, but they all include the code to run at each iteration in the fiddly template code, whereas I'd like all the fiddly template code bundled into the hypothetical iterate_tuple function so my code is just a normal for loop.
Here's a little wrapper function that gets the tuple value by index, specified at runtime, which does a linear search for the right index by recursively calling itself with a different template parameter. You specify its return type as a template parameter, and the value gets implicitly converted to it.
template <class BaseT, class TupleT, size_t currentIndex = 0>
BaseT* getBasePtr(TupleT& t, size_t desiredIndex) {
if constexpr (currentIndex >= std::tuple_size<TupleT>::value) {
return nullptr;
}
else {
if (desiredIndex == currentIndex) {
return &std::get<currentIndex>(t);
}
else {
return getBasePtr<BaseT, TupleT, currentIndex + 1>(t, desiredIndex);
}
}
}
You can then use it in a loop over the indices of the tuple:
for (size_t i = 0; i < std::tuple_size<MyTuple>::value; ++i) {
MyBase* b = getBasePtr<MyBase>(t, i);
std::cout << "At " << i << " got " << b->getVal() << "\n";
}
It's not quite as neat as a range-based for loop but it's still pretty straightforward to use. (You could wrap it in an iterator class that would support range-based loops but I don't really think it's worth the effort.)
As mentioned and suggested in the question linked to using std::apply is a good way to get each individual element of the tuple.
Making a small helper function to wrap the forwarding of each tuple element makes it easy to use.
It's not the specific for-loop syntax you asked for, but it's as easy to follow if you ask me.
#include <tuple>
#include <utility>
#include <iostream>
class MyBase { public: virtual int getVal() = 0; };
class MyFoo1: public MyBase { public: int getVal() override { return 101; } };
class MyFoo2: public MyBase { public: int getVal() override { return 202; } };
using MyTuple = std::tuple<MyFoo1, MyFoo2, MyFoo1>;
template <typename Tuple, typename Callable>
void iterate_tuple(Tuple&& t, Callable c) {
std::apply([&](auto&&... args){ (c(args), ...); }, t);
}
int main() {
MyTuple t;
iterate_tuple(t, [](auto& arg) {
std::cout << "Got " << arg.getVal() << "\n";
});
iterate_tuple(t, [](MyBase& arg) {
std::cout << "Got " << arg.getVal() << "\n";
});
}
We can get the exact type by using auto or use the common base type.
As Sam suggests in the comments, it's quite simple to create an array from a tuple.
template<typename Base, typename Tuple, size_t... Is>
std::array<Base *, std::tuple_size_v<Tuple>> iterate_tuple_impl(Tuple& tuple, std::index_sequence<Is...>)
{
return { std::addressof(std::get<Is>(tuple))... };
}
template<typename Base, typename Tuple>
std::array<Base *, std::tuple_size_v<Tuple>> iterate_tuple(Tuple& tuple)
{
return iterate_tuple_impl(tuple, std::make_index_sequence<std::tuple_size_v<Tuple>>{});
}
If you have inheritance, why not to do without tuple and use inheritance capabilities like this:
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
class MyBase { public: virtual int getVal() = 0; };
class MyFoo1 : public MyBase { public: int getVal() override { return 101; } };
class MyFoo2 : public MyBase { public: int getVal() override { return 202; } };
int main() {
std::vector<std::unique_ptr<MyBase>> base;
base.emplace_back(new MyFoo1);
base.emplace_back(new MyFoo2);
for (auto && derived : base) {
std::cout << derived->getVal() << std::endl;
}
}
I would directly use std::apply, but you can create array of Base*:
template <typename Base, typename Tuple>
std::array<Base*, std::tuple_size<Tuple>> toPtrArray(Tuple& tuple)
{
return std::apply([](auto& ... args){ return std::array<Base*, std::tuple_size<Tuple>>{{&args}}; }, tuple);
}
And then
MyTuple t;
for (Base* b : toPtrArray<MyBase>(t)) {
std::cout << "Got " << b->getVal() << "\n";
}

Generic messaging

I am working on a messaging system on C++. I have;
class MessageData
{
public:
typedef std::vector<std::shared_ptr<MessageData>> MessageList;
virtual int getValue(std::shared_ptr<int>) { throw "Not implemented!"; };
virtual float getValue(std::shared_ptr<float>) { throw "Not implemented!"; };
virtual std::string getValue(std::shared_ptr<std::string>) { throw "Not implemented!"; };
...
...
virtual ~MessageData() {};
};
template <typename T>
class Message : public MessageData
{
T val;
public:
static std::shared_ptr<Message<T>> Make(T val) { return std::make_shared<Message<T>>(val); };
static T Get(std::shared_ptr<MessageData> in) { return in->getValue(std::make_shared<T>()); };
Message(T i) { val = i; };
T getValue(std::shared_ptr<T> out) override { return *out = val; }
~Message() {};
};
Using these, I can send/receive generic messages of different length conveniently using e.g;
sendMessage(MessageData::MessageList{
Message<std::string>::Make("paint"),
Message<int>::Make(14),
Message<float>::Make(129.3f),
...
});
Then I get the values;
sendMessage(MessageData::MessageList data) {
auto a = Message<std::string>::Get(data[0]);
auto b = Message<int>::Get(data[1]);
auto c = Message<float>::Get(data[2]);
...
}
The downside is that I have to list all the types I need to use in MessageData class. This isn't a big deal as I can limit the types I want to support but I'm really curious about how to templatize the type list without using a 3rd party library. Or is there a completely different and better method that I can use with similar clean syntax and type safety to pass messages around?
One way to make your code more generic is:
template <typename ... Ts>
class MessageDataImp;
template <typename T>
class MessageDataImp<T>
{
public:
virtual ~MessageDataImp() = default;
virtual T getValue(std::shared_ptr<T>) { throw "Not implemented!"; };
};
template <typename T, typename ... Ts>
class MessageDataImp<T, Ts...> : public MessageDataImp<T>, public MessageDataImp<Ts...>
{
public:
using MessageDataImp<T>::getValue;
using MessageDataImp<Ts...>::getValue;
};
template <typename ... Ts>
class MessageDataTs : public MessageDataImp<Ts...>
{
public:
typedef std::vector<std::shared_ptr<MessageDataTs<Ts...>>> MessageList;
};
using MessageData = MessageDataTs<int, float, std::string>;
I think I've developed a decent solution to my problem.
class MessageData {
public:
typedef std::vector<std::shared_ptr<MessageData>> MessageList;
virtual ~MessageData() {};
};
template<typename T>
class Message : public MessageData {
T val;
public:
template<typename U>
friend U GetMessage(std::shared_ptr<MessageData> in);
Message(T i) { val = i; };
};
template<typename T>
T GetMessage(std::shared_ptr<MessageData> in) {
std::shared_ptr<Message<T>> tmp = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<Message<T>>(in);
if (tmp) {
return tmp->val;
}
throw "Incorrect type!";
};
template<typename T>
std::shared_ptr<Message<T>> MakeMessage(T val)
{
return std::make_shared<Message<T>>(val);
};
Then send & receive values using;
sendMessage(MessageData::MessageList{
MakeMessage(std::string("paint")),
MakeMessage(14),
MakeMessage(129.3f),
...
});
sendMessage(MessageData::MessageList data) {
auto a = GetMessage<std::string>(data[0]);
auto b = GetMessage<int>(data[1]);
auto c = GetMessage<float>(data[2]);
...
}
Assuming that it's a simple multiple-reader, multiple-writer message bus based on a non-prioritised queue, I think I'd start with something like this:-
Note that I have used boost::variant/optional. These could easily be replaced with std:: versions if you have those available.
I have used variant because it efficiently caters for most use cases with compile-time safety.
The std/boost::any version would require significant (and possibly unwelcome) care for users of your bus.
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <queue>
#include <thread>
#include <condition_variable>
#include <boost/variant.hpp>
#include <boost/optional.hpp>
template<class Mutex> auto get_lock(Mutex& m) { return std::unique_lock<Mutex>(m); }
template<class...Types>
struct message_bus
{
using message_type = boost::variant<Types...>;
void push(message_type msg) {
auto lock = get_lock(mutex_);
messages_.push(std::move(msg));
lock.unlock();
activity_.notify_one();
}
boost::optional<message_type> wait_pop()
{
boost::optional<message_type> result;
auto lock = get_lock(mutex_);
activity_.wait(lock, [this] { return this->stopped_ or not this->messages_.empty(); });
if (not messages_.empty())
{
result = std::move(messages_.front());
messages_.pop();
}
return result;
}
void signal_stop()
{
auto lock = get_lock(mutex_);
stopped_ = true;
lock.unlock();
activity_.notify_all();
}
std::queue<message_type> messages_;
std::mutex mutex_;
std::condition_variable activity_;
bool stopped_ = false;
};
static std::mutex emit_mutex;
template<class T>
void emit(const T& t)
{
auto lock = get_lock(emit_mutex);
std::cout << std::this_thread::get_id() << ": " << t << std::endl;;
}
int main()
{
using bus_type = message_bus<std::string, int>;
bus_type mb;
std::vector<std::thread> threads;
for (int i = 0 ; i < 10 ; ++i)
{
threads.emplace_back([&]
{
for(;;)
{
auto message = mb.wait_pop();
if (not message)
break;
boost::apply_visitor([](auto&& data) { emit(data); }, message.value());
}
});
}
for (int i = 0 ; i < 1000 ; ++i)
{
mb.push("string: " + std::to_string(i));
mb.push(i);
}
mb.signal_stop();
for (auto& t : threads) if (t.joinable()) t.join();
}

Binding a std::function to the same function of a different object instance

Is it possible to rebind a std::function to point to the same function but with a different object instance?
Say if I have an object that has a std::function that is bound to another function, but if that object was copied to another instance, I'd like to rebind the std::function to that new instance instead of the old instance.
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <functional>
class EventHandler
{
public:
int Num;
std::function<int()> OnEvent;
EventHandler (int inNum)
{
Num = inNum;
}
EventHandler (const EventHandler& other)
{
Num = other.Num;
OnEvent = other.OnEvent; //TODO: Need some way to redirect the std::function to the new instance rather than having the delegate point to the original object's handler.
}
int HandleEvent ()
{
return Num;
}
};
int main()
{
EventHandler a(4);
a.OnEvent = std::bind(&EventHandler::HandleEvent, a);
EventHandler b(a);
b.Num = 5;
//Uncommenting the line below is a manual way of redirecting event handler to the new instance.
//b.OnEvent = std::bind(&EventHandler::HandleEvent, b);
int aResult = a.OnEvent();
int bResult = b.OnEvent();
//This will print out 4 and 4 instead of 4 and 5 since b is still bound to a's event handler.
std::cout << "aResult=" << aResult << " bResult=" << bResult << '\n';
return 0;
}
I'm open to having a wrapper of the std::function to store additional information.
The following code introduced a binding_function<R(Args...)>, which is called like function<R()>, and arguments can be rebind anytime after it constructed (assuming it was not nullptr).
#include <functional>
#include <tuple>
#include <utility>
#include <memory>
#include <iostream>
template <typename T>
class binding_function;
template <typename R, typename... Args>
class binding_function<R(Args...)> : std::function<R()>
{
using base_function = std::function<R(Args...)>;
using binded_function = std::function<R()>;
base_function base;
public:
binding_function() = default;
template <typename BaseF, typename... TArgs>
binding_function(BaseF&& f, TArgs&&... args)
: base(std::forward<BaseF>(f)) {
rebind(std::forward<TArgs>(args)...);
}
template <typename... TArgs>
void rebind(TArgs&&... args)
{
static_cast<binded_function&>(*this) =
std::bind(base, std::forward<TArgs>(args)...);
}
using binded_function::operator();
};
class EventHandler
{
public:
// change type of OnEvent to binding_function
binding_function<int(EventHandler)> OnEvent;
// others remain the same
};
int main()
{
EventHandler a(4);
// first binding
a.OnEvent = {&EventHandler::HandleEvent, a};
EventHandler b(a);
b.Num = 5;
b.OnEvent.rebind(b); // rebinding
int aResult = a.OnEvent();
int bResult = b.OnEvent();
//This will print out 4 and 4 instead of 4 and 5 since b is still bound to a's event handler.
std::cout << "aResult=" << aResult << " bResult=" << bResult << '\n';
return 0;
}
What your event handler does should depend on which instance it is called on. Hence, logically, the correct way of solving the problem is providing the instance as a parameter to the handler function, e.g.
#include <iostream>
#include <functional>
class EventHandler
{
private:
std::function<int(EventHandler &)> handlingFunction;
public:
int Num;
EventHandler (int inNum)
: handlingFunction ([] (EventHandler &) -> int { throw 0; })
, Num (inNum)
{ }
void SetHandlingFunction (std::function<int(EventHandler &)> f) {
handlingFunction = f;
}
// for convenience, if the handling function is a member
void SetHandlingFunction (int EventHandler::*mf ()) {
handlingFunction =
[mf] (EventHandler & myself) -> int { return myself.*mf (); }
;
}
int OnEvent () {
return handlingFunction (*this);
}
int HandleEvent ()
{
return Num;
}
};
int main()
{
EventHandler a(4);
a.SetHandlingFunction ( [] (EventHandler & h) -> int { return h.HandleEvent (); } );
// or
a.SetHandlingFunction (&EventHandler::HandleEvent);
EventHandler b(a);
b.Num = 5;
int aResult = a.OnEvent();
int bResult = b.OnEvent();
std::cout << "aResult=" << aResult << " bResult=" << bResult << '\n';
return 0;
}
Of course, if your handling function always is a member function, you can simply replace the std::function by a pointer-to-member-function.
Note that you should properly initialize the handlingFunction member in the constructor of your EventHandler class, e.g. by setting it to a dummy function.
I extended user1887915's answer to allow functions with parameters:
#include <functional>
#include <tuple>
#include <utility>
#include <memory>
#include <iostream>
template <typename T>
class binding_function;
template <typename R, typename... Args, typename SelfType>
class binding_function<R(SelfType, Args...)> : std::function<R(Args...)>
{
using base_function = std::function<R(SelfType, Args...)>;
using binded_function = std::function<R(Args...)>;
base_function base;
public:
binding_function() = default;
template <typename BaseF, typename... TArgs>
binding_function(BaseF&& f, SelfType t, TArgs&&... args)
: base(std::forward<BaseF>(f)) {
rebind(std::forward<SelfType>(t), std::forward<TArgs>(args)...);
}
template <typename T, typename... TArgs>
void rebind(T&& t, TArgs&&... args)
{
static_cast<binded_function&>(*this) =
std::bind(base, std::forward<SelfType>(t), std::forward<TArgs>(args)...);
}
using binded_function::operator();
};
class EventHandler
{
public:
int Num;
binding_function<int(EventHandler, int)> OnEvent;
EventHandler (int inNum)
{
Num = inNum;
}
EventHandler (const EventHandler& other)
{
Num = other.Num;
OnEvent = other.OnEvent; //TODO: Need some way to redirect the std::function to the new instance rather than having the delegate point to the original object's handler.
}
int HandleEvent (int value)
{
return Num + value;
}
};
int main()
{
EventHandler a(4);
// first binding
a.OnEvent = {&EventHandler::HandleEvent, a, std::placeholders::_1};
EventHandler b(a);
b.Num = 5;
b.OnEvent.rebind(b, std::placeholders::_1); // rebinding
int aResult = a.OnEvent(1);
int bResult = b.OnEvent(1);
//This will print out 4 and 4 instead of 4 and 5 since b is still bound to a's event handler.
std::cout << "aResult=" << aResult << " bResult=" << bResult << '\n';
return 0;
}
AFAIK what you are asking is not possible, but I think there is a workaround that you can do:
class EventHandler
{
public:
int Num;
std::function<int()> OnEvent;
template <typename Func>
EventHandler (int inNum, Func on_event)
{
Num = inNum;
OnEvent = [=]() { return (this->*on_event)(); };
}
EventHandler (const EventHandler& other): EventHandler(other.Num, &EventHandler::HandleEvent) {}
int HandleEvent ()
{
return Num;
}
};
int main()
{
EventHandler a(4, &EventHandler::HandleEvent);
EventHandler b(a);
b.Num = 5;
int aResult = a.OnEvent();
int bResult = b.OnEvent();
//This will print out 4 and 4 instead of 4 and 5 since b is still bound to a's event handler.
std::cout << "aResult=" << aResult << " bResult=" << bResult << '\n';
return 0;
}
This prints "aResult=4 bResult=5" as you want.
Also, I think by employing a bit more metaprogramming magic, we can try to prettify the syntax.
Let me know if this works for you.

Adding a template typename to two template classes

I have learned this code like inheritance by using template technique on C++. This code works.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
template < typename T >
class Base {
public:
explicit Base(const T& policy = T()) : m_policy(policy) {}
void doSomething()
{
m_policy.doA();
m_policy.doB();
}
private:
T m_policy;
};
class Implemented {
public:
void doA() { cout << "A"; };
void doB() { cout << "B"; };
};
int main() {
Base<Implemented> x;
x.doSomething();
return 0;
}
However, is it possible to add arguments with new typename S in doA and doB? For example, this code doesn't work by type/value mismatch errors.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
template < typename T, typename S >
class Base {
public:
explicit Base(const T& policy = T()) : m_policy(policy) {}
void doSomething()
{
m_policy.doA(m_s);
m_policy.doB(m_s);
}
private:
T m_policy;
S m_s;
};
template < typename S >
class Implemented {
public:
void doA(S& s) { cout << "A" << s; };
void doB(S& s) { cout << "B" << s; };
};
int main() {
Base<Implemented, int> x;
x.doSomething();
return 0;
}
I guess I must let both class Base and Implemented know about an actual type of S at main(). How can I fix this issue? Thank you for your help in advance.
In this line:
Base<Implemented, int> x;
Implemented is no longer a type, now you made it a template. But Base still expects a type - so give it one:
Base<Implemented<int>, int> x;
When Implemented was a class, you used a template parameter T. Now that Implmented is a template class, you need to use a so called template template parameter, like so:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
template < template <class TS> class T, typename S >
class Base {
public:
explicit Base(const T<S>& policy = T<S>()) : m_policy(policy) {}
void doSomething()
{
m_policy.doA(m_s);
m_policy.doB(m_s);
}
private:
T<S> m_policy;
S m_s;
};
template < typename S >
class Implemented {
public:
void doA(S& s) { cout << "A" << s; };
void doB(S& s) { cout << "B" << s; };
};
int main() {
Base<Implemented, int> x;
x.doSomething();
return 0;
}

call functions depending on a string Parameter

I try to find a way to call functions depending on one String-Parameter.
Enums or Int are ok too for the Parametertype. Maybe there is something more ?
Is there a way to do it like this:
myFunction(string functionParameter, int value){
this->functionParameter(value);}
What is the best way for this? I know there are some similar Questions, but i didnt found a Answer that really fits my Problem.
Just use a map to map from strings to functions:
void f1()
{
std::cout << "f1!" << std::endl;
}
void f2()
{
std::cout << "f2!" << std::endl;
}
void f3()
{
std::cout << "f3!" << std::endl;
}
int main()
{
std::unordered_map<std::string,std::function<void()>> map;
map["f1"] = f1;
map["f2"] = f2;
map["f3"] = f3;
map["f1"]();
map["f2"]();
map["f3"]();
}
This outputs:
f1!
f2!
f3!
C++ doesn't have direct support to call functions using the name. You'll need to create the mapping somehow. The easiest approach is probably to create a map of a suitable std::function<...> type:
void f(int);
void g(int);
typedef std::function<void(int)> Function;
std:: map<std::string, Function> functions;
// ...
functions["f"] = f;
functions["g"] = g;
void call(std::string const& name, int x) {
auto it = functions.find(name);
if (it->second != functions.end()) {
it->second(x);
}
else {
// deal with unknown functions
}
}
You can map the string to the function pointer. Try something like this:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <functional>
#include <map>
class X;
template<class X>
class handler_factory;
template<>
class handler_factory<X>
{
private:
using HandlerType = void (X::*)(int);
public:
handler_factory();
HandlerType get(const std::string& name) const
{
if (handlers.find(name) == handlers.end())
return nullptr;
else
return (*handlers.find(name)).second;
}
private:
std::map<std::string, HandlerType> handlers;
};
class X
{
public:
friend class handler_factory<X>;
private:
void f(int);
void h(int);
};
handler_factory<X>::handler_factory()
{
handlers["f"] = &X::f;
handlers["h"] = &X::h;
}
void X::f(int) { std::cout << "X::f();"; }
void X::h(int) { std::cout << "X::h();"; }
Your class (in this example X) can have a function dispatch_method that looks like:
template<typename... Args>
void dispatch_method(const std::string& name, Args&&... args)
{
if (find_handler(name))
(this->*find_handler(name))(std::forward<Args>(args...));
}
Where find_handler is a helper method:
private:
auto find_handler(const std::string& name)
-> decltype(handler_factory<X>().get(name))
{
return handler_factory<X>().get(name);
}
Then you can call it like this:
int main()
{
X{}.dispatch_method("f", 5);
}
You may use something like:
#include <map>
#include <functional>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <string>
template<typename T> class Caller;
template<typename Ret, typename... Args>
class Caller<std::function<Ret(Args...)>>
{
public:
typedef std::function<Ret(Args...)> FuncType;
void add(const std::string& name, FuncType f)
{
functions[name] = f;
}
Ret call(const std::string& name, Args... args)
{
auto it = functions.find(name);
if (it == functions.end()) {
// Or any other error
throw std::runtime_error("unknown " + name + "function");
}
return (it->second)(args...);
}
private:
std::map<std::string, FuncType> functions;
};
So lets test it:
int minus(int a) { return -a; }
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
Caller<std::function<int (int)>> caller;
caller.add("+1", [](int a) { return a + 1; } );
caller.add("minus", minus);
caller.call("minus", -42); // calls minus(-42), returns 42
caller.call("+1", 41); // calls the lambda, returns 42
return 0;
}
This is similar to question here. You need to create a map like this map<string, class::method>, then you can use its signature to search for function and call it.
Two ways are available for you:
1. Without using any 3rd-party library (in row C++):
#include <map>
#include <string>
struct Math
{
double sinFunc(double x) { return 0.33; };
double cosFunc(double x) { return 0.66; };
};
typedef double (Math::*math_method_t)(double);
typedef std::map<std::string, math_method_t> math_func_map_t;
int main()
{
math_func_map_t mapping;
mapping["sin"] = &Math::sinFunc;
mapping["cos"] = &Math::cosFunc;
std::string function = std::string("sin");
math_func_map_t::iterator x = mapping.find(function);
int result = 0;
if (x != mapping.end()) {
Math m;
result = (m.*(x->second))(20);
}
}
2. By using Boost library: The most convenient notation for method is function<signature> where function is either included in boost or in <utility>.
The signature would be like this.
map<string, function<double (double)> map; ...
map["sin"](1.0);