I'm trying to build an API server using Django. I have a few tables and I need to run queries based on the parameters passed in by url:
http://server.com/api/request/p1=123&p2=321...
and the server would extract p1 and p2 from url and run queries using them, and then return the result in json or xml.
I have tried Tastypie, and it's very easy to set up for retrieving data from one model. But my case is a bit complicated than that, and sometimes I need to run spatial queries. So if I could run the query and return result as json/xml, it would be great!
Very new to the backend technology, any help for a start point is appreciated!
Thanks!
[Edit]
Just want to make my case clearer. Say I ran a raw query using qs = cursor.execute(sql), etc., and I want to return that result as json/xml to a api call. Can I do that with either Tastypie or Rest Framework? Or can I do it without any help from 3rd party framework?
Here's a view I use return json, you should be able to adapt it pretty easy:
import json
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.template.defaultfilters import slugify
from .models import *
def response_times(request):
response_data = {} #Create an empty dictionary
websites = Website.objects.all() #Query your models
for site in websites:
key = slugify(site.name)
response_data[key] = {}
history = History.objects.filter(website=site)[:60]
response_data[key]['response_times'] = []
for response in history:
response_data[key]['response_times'].append({'time': str(response.time), 'timestamp': response.added.strftime('%s')})
return HttpResponse(json.dumps(response_data), content_type="application/json")
It seems you have in the result QuerySet of some Model instances. So you could specify serializer to work with your model and use it to serialize from model instances to native python data using Rest Framework. Look here for details.
Related
I would like to know if it's possible to nest serializers without using the rest framework.
I was reading this question and I would like to do something similar but I am not allowed to use the rest framework.
Is it possible to serialize models with foreign keys using a similar approach (nesting) without using the rest framework?
At the moment I am serializing json like this:
data = serialize("json", myModelObject, fields=('id', 'foreignKeyField'), cls=DatetimeJSONEncoder)
And I would like to do something like this:
data = serialize("json", myModelObject, fields=('id', 'foreignKeyField.some_value'), cls=DatetimeJSONEncoder)
first make sure your view inherit from JSONResponseMixin
class JSONResponseMixin(object):
def render_to_json_response(self, context, **response_kwargs):
return JsonResponse(self.get_data(context), **response_kwargs)
def get_data(self, context):
return context
how about this :
Broaden your query values to include foreignKeyField.some_value
convert the queryset to list
return the json list as response for your ajax request
access your response as json array in ajax success
results = MyModel.objects.filte(my_filter).values("field_1",
"field_2",
"field_n",
"foreignKeyfield__field_11",
"foreignKeyfield__field_22")
results_list = json.dumps(results)
return JsonResponse(results_list)
it depends on your frontend technologie , try to output the reponse and parse with joy
let me know in the comments section if you need more details
I have thousands of attendance raw data (json) from a web tool that I extracted using their API.
How can I get them into a table format / python object so I can use Django query and do calculations.
Is there a better way to do this?
EDITED:
I have sample API data in json: (https://samples.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/group?id=524901,703448,2643743&units=metric&appid=9a917b8d12b4b55787cf0caaa9b929b8)
{"cnt":3,"list":[{"coord":{"lon":37.62,"lat":55.75},"sys":{"type":1,"id":7323,"message":0.0036,"country":"RU","sunrise":1485753940,"sunset":1485784855},"weather":[{"id":800,"main":"Clear","description":"clear sky","icon":"01n"}],"main":{"temp":-10.5,"pressure":1028,"humidity":66,"temp_min":-11,"temp_max":-10},"visibility":10000,"wind":{"speed":5,"deg":200},"clouds":{"all":0},"dt":1485793175,"id":524901,"name":"Moscow"},{"coord":{"lon":30.52,"lat":50.45},"sys":{"type":1,"id":7358,"message":0.0268,"country":"UA","sunrise":1485754480,"sunset":1485787716},"weather":[{"id":800,"main":"Clear","description":"clear sky","icon":"01n"}],"main":{"temp":-11.04,"pressure":1033,"humidity":61,"temp_min":-15,"temp_max":-9},"visibility":10000,"wind":{"speed":3,"deg":150},"clouds":{"all":0},"dt":1485793175,"id":703448,"name":"Kiev"},{"coord":{"lon":-0.13,"lat":51.51},"sys":{"type":1,"id":5091,"message":0.0034,"country":"GB","sunrise":1485762036,"sunset":1485794875},"weather":[{"id":701,"main":"Mist","description":"mist","icon":"50d"},{"id":300,"main":"Drizzle","description":"light intensity drizzle","icon":"09d"}],"main":{"temp":7,"pressure":1012,"humidity":81,"temp_min":5,"temp_max":8},"visibility":10000,"wind":{"speed":4.6,"deg":90},"clouds":{"all":90},"dt":1485793175,"id":2643743,"name":"London"}]}
Which I wanted to use in my django project and do query using django ORM. Below is my views.py:
from django.shortcuts import render
import requests
def home(request):
response = requests.get('http://api.ipstack.com/check?
access_key=c8fad3bad3b6ac4e7ee1a94fe486865b')
data = response.json()
return render(request, 'core/home.html',{'data':data})
Is it efficient to import the data into my MS SQL database hence I can query
them using Django ORM.
Or is there a better way to this?
(Hope I've put enough)
I am building an application with a Django Rest backend, and a VueJS front end and am working through authorization and authentication. I have the authentication working well, but am a bit stuck on letting the front end (VueJS) know what the user has authorization to do in terms of Add/Change/View/Delete for a model. For example, if a user cannot add a customer, I don't want to show the 'Add Customer button'.
Working through the Django docs, and solutions on StackOverflow, I believe the simplest way is to send the user's permissions from Django to VueJS.
The 'best'/'simplest' way I can see to get the permissions is with the following:
userModel = User.objects.get(request.user)
return User.get_all_permissions(userModel)
Where I am stuck is exactly where to put this logic and how to serialize it. Does the above belong in the View, Serializer, other? Up until now, I have only been working with Models (ModelSerializers and ModelViews), but I don't believe this falls into this category.
Thanks in advance...
You should add this logic to views, because the views are used to implement these kinds of logic.
Actually, you don't want to use serializers here, because of the response of .get_all_permissions() method is already in serialized form
Apart from that, your provided code is not good (it's clearly bad). It should be as below,
return request.user.get_all_permissions()
because, you'll get current logged-in user's instance through request.user, to get his/her permissions, you all need to call the get_all_permissions() method
Example
from rest_framework.decorators import api_view, permission_classes
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.permissions import IsAuthenticated
#permission_classes(IsAuthenticated, )
#api_view()
def my_view(request):
logged_in_user = request.user
return Response(data=logged_in_user.get_all_permissions())
I'm working on creating a RESTAPI using DRF(Django Rest Framework). API just receives the users twitter handle and returns his twitter data.
Here, I'm not using model here because it's not required.
Should I use a serializer here? If so why? Now I'm able to return the data without using a serializer.
Moreover, My API is not web-browsable. How should I make it web-browsable: which is one of the best features of DRF.
Edit:1
I'm using Functions in Views.
#api_view(['GET'])
#csrf_exempt
def getdetails(request):
call the twitter api
receive the data
return HttpResponse(JsonResponse( {'data': {'twitter_id':id,'tweets':count,'Followers':followers,'following':count_follow}}))
In the browser I'm just seeing JSON data like this.
{"data": {"twitter_id": 352525, "tweets": 121, "Followers": 1008, "following": 281}}
You can use Serializer for the result
class SampleSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
field1 = serializers.CharField()
field2 = serializers.IntegerField()
# ... other fields
Usage
my_data = {
"field1": "my sample",
"field2": 123456
}
my_serializer = SampleSerializer(data=my_data)
my_serializer.is_valid(True)
data = my_serializer.data
You'll get serialized data in data variable (you can use my_serializer.data directly)
Should I use a serializer here?
It's up to you, because if you wish to show the response JSON without any modification from the Twitter API, you can go without DRF serializer. And If you wish to do some formatting on the JSON, my answer will help you
My API is not web-browsable. How should I make it web-browsable?
Maybe you followed wrong procedure. Anyway we can't say more on this thing without seeing your code snippets
Update-1
from rest_framework.response import Response
#api_view(['GET'])
#csrf_exempt
def getdetails(request):
call the twitter api
twitter_api = get_response_from_twitter() # Json response
return Response(data=twitter_api)
I am beginner in Django REST framework and need your advice. I am developing a web service. The service has to provide REST interface to other services. The REST interface, which I need to implement, is not working with my models directly (I mean the get, put, post, delete operations). Instead, it provides other services with some calculation results. On a request my service makes some calculations and just returns the results back (doesn't store the results in its own database).
Below is my understanding of how that REST interface could be implemented. Correct me, if I am wrong.
Create class which makes the calculations. Name it 'CalcClass'. CalcClass uses the models in its work.
Params necessary for the calculations are passed to the constructor.
Implement the calc operation. It returns results as 'ResultClass'.
Create ResultClass.
Derived from object.
It just only has attributes containing the calc results.
One part of the calc results is represented as tuple of tuples. As I understand, it would be better for further serialization to implement a separate class for those results and add list of such objects to ResultClass.
Create Serializer for ResultClass.
Derive from serializers.Serializer.
The calc results are read-only, so use mostly Field class for fields, instead of specialized classes, such as IntegerField.
I should not impl save() method neither on ResultClass, nor on Serializer, because I am not going to store the results (I just want to return them on request).
Impl serializer for nested results (remember tuple of tuples mentioned above).
Create View to return calculation results.
Derive from APIView.
Need just get().
In get() create CalcClass with params retrieved from the request, call its calc(), get ResultClass, create Serializer and pass the ResultClass to it, return Response(serializer.data).
URLs
There is no api root in my case. I should just have URLs to get various calc results (calc with diff params).
Add calling format_suffix_patterns for api browsing.
Did I miss something? Is the approach is correct in general?
Django-rest-framework works well even without tying it to a model. Your approach sounds ok, but I believe you can trim some of the steps to get everything working.
For example, rest framework comes with a few built-in renderers. Out of the box it can return JSON and XML to the API consumer. You can also enable YAML by just installing the required python module. Django-rest-framework will output any basic object like dict, list and tuple without any extra work on your part.
So basically you only have to create the function or class that takes in arguments, does all of the required calculations and returns its results in a tuple to the REST api view. If JSON and/or XML fits your needs, django-rest-framework will take care of the serialization for you.
You can skip steps 2 and 3 in this case, and just use one class for calculations and one for presentation to the API consumer.
Here are a few snippets may help you out:
Please note that I have not tested this. It's only meant as an example, but it should work :)
The CalcClass:
class CalcClass(object):
def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
# Initialize any variables you need from the input you get
pass
def do_work(self):
# Do some calculations here
# returns a tuple ((1,2,3, ), (4,5,6,))
result = ((1,2,3, ), (4,5,6,)) # final result
return result
The REST view:
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import status
from MyProject.MyApp import CalcClass
class MyRESTView(APIView):
def get(self, request, *args, **kw):
# Process any get params that you may need
# If you don't need to process get params,
# you can skip this part
get_arg1 = request.GET.get('arg1', None)
get_arg2 = request.GET.get('arg2', None)
# Any URL parameters get passed in **kw
myClass = CalcClass(get_arg1, get_arg2, *args, **kw)
result = myClass.do_work()
response = Response(result, status=status.HTTP_200_OK)
return response
Your urls.py:
from MyProject.MyApp.views import MyRESTView
from django.conf.urls.defaults import *
urlpatterns = patterns('',
# this URL passes resource_id in **kw to MyRESTView
url(r'^api/v1.0/resource/(?P<resource_id>\d+)[/]?$', login_required(MyRESTView.as_view()), name='my_rest_view'),
url(r'^api/v1.0/resource[/]?$', login_required(MyRESTView.as_view()), name='my_rest_view'),
)
This code should output a list of lists when you access http://example.com/api/v1.0/resource/?format=json. If using a suffix, you can substitute ?format=json with .json. You may also specify the encoding you wish to get back by adding "Content-type" or "Accept" to the headers.
[
[
1,
2,
3
],
[
4,
5,
6
]
]