Query whether a char is a digit at compile time - c++

I want to check whether a given char is a digit at compile time. In particular I need the implementation of the following function prototype:
template<char c>
constexpr bool IsDigit();
For clarification: I dont must use a custom implementation. If there is already a built-in way in the std, I would prefer that method.

This should work for ASCII:
constexpr bool IsDigit(char c) { return c >= '0' && c <= '9'; } // ASCII only
If you need to keep your prototype:
template<char C>
constexpr bool IsDigit() { return C >= '0' && C <= '9'; } // ASCII only
For wchar_t support you could try something like:
constexpr bool IsDigit(wchar_t c)
{
return (c >= L'0' && c <= L'9') ||
(c >= L'\u0660' && c <= L'\u0669') || // Arabic-Indic
(c >= L'\u06F0' && c <= L'\u06F9') || // Extended Arabic-Indic
(c >= L'\u07C0' && c <= L'\u07C9') || // NKO
(c >= L'\u0966' && c <= L'\u096F') || // Devanagari
(c >= L'\u09E6' && c <= L'\u09EF') || // Bengali
(c >= L'\u0A66' && c <= L'\u0A6F') || // Gurmukhi
(c >= L'\u0AE6' && c <= L'\u0AEF') || // Gujarati
(c >= L'\u0B66' && c <= L'\u0B6F') || // Oriya
(c >= L'\u0BE6' && c <= L'\u0BEF') || // Tamil
(c >= L'\u0C66' && c <= L'\u0C6F') || // Telugu
(c >= L'\u0CE6' && c <= L'\u0CEF') || // Kannada
(c >= L'\u0D66' && c <= L'\u0D6F') || // Malayalam
(c >= L'\u0E50' && c <= L'\u0E59') || // Thai
(c >= L'\u0ED0' && c <= L'\u0ED9') || // Lao
(c >= L'\u0F20' && c <= L'\u0F29'); // Tibetan
// Missing check for Myanmar, Khmer, Mongolian, Limbu, New Tai Lue,
// Tai Tham Hora, Tai Tham Tham, Balinese, Sundanese, Lepcha, Ol Chiki,
// Vai, Surashtra, Kayah, Javanese, Cham, Meetei Mayek, Osmanya, Brahmi,
// Sora, Chakma, Sharada, Takri, Mathematical.
// For codes see http://www.unicode.org/ucd/
}

Related

Optimize/Reduce condition expression in if statement

The goal is to optimize big condition expression by finding values dependencies between variables in order to reduce the logical OR statements.
Let's say we have the following condition:
if((A == 0 && B == 0) || (A == 0 && B == 1) || (A == 0 && B == 2) ...
a certain number of time...
Is there a way to reduce this kind of example by having automatically the following condition:
if(A == 0 && (B >= 0 && B <= 2))
The numbers involved in the first condition are only known just before the condition, it can't be typed manually. There can be also hundreds of logical OR operators involved in the condition. There can be gap between values (maybe use of % operator is needed) but there is always a pattern.
Any library or existing algorithm which can find the dependencies between the variables ?
Let's have another example:
if((A == 0 && B == 0) || (A == 0 && B == 2) || (A == 0 && B == 4)
can be translated to:
if((A == 0 && B%2 == 0)
One more:
if((A == 0 && B == 0 && C == 0) || (A == 0 && B == 2 && C == 0) || (A == 0 && B == 4 && C == 0) || (A == 0 && B == 0 && C == 1) || (A == 0 && B == 2 && C == 1) || (A == 0 && B == 4 && C == 1))
would be transformed into:
if(A==0 && B%2==0 && C>=0 && C<=1)
For the variables involved, I have all the values per terms.
I have something like [[0,0,0],[0,2,0],[0,4,0],[0,0,1],[0,2,1],[0,4,1]] (e.g. the last example)
Thanks for your time and answers !
if((A == 0 && B == 0) || (A == 0 && B == 2) || (A == 0 && B == 4)
cannot be translated to
if((A == 0 && B%2 == 0)
cuz
B == 6
and etc

Why doesn't this output "Please try again" when loop runs again?

Hello I am trying to learn c++ and I wanted to give a little practice with a program. However I'm having trouble using cout within the loop.
This is the loop I'm trying to output text from. When the user enters a number that isn't valid it is supposed to say "Sorry try again!"
while (datecheck)
{
bool check(false);
if (check)
std::cout<<"Sorry try again!"<<std::endl;
std::cin>>c;
if (c >= 1)
{
if (b == 2 && c <= 28)
datecheck = false;
if (b == 2 && a % 4 == 0 && c <= 29)
datecheck = false;
if (b == 4 || b == 6 || b == 9 || b == 11 && c <= 30)
datecheck = false;
if (c <= 31)
datecheck = false;
}
check = true;
}
When it outputs and I purposely keep myself in the loop it doesn't output anything
Year: -20
-20
-20
You declare a fresh new variable check at every iteration. And you initialize that variable to false every time. So move that declaration before the while loop.
Change this:
while (datecheck)
{
bool check(false);
...
check = true;
}
to this:
bool check(false);
while (datecheck)
{
...
check = true;
}
The problem is with declaration of bool check(false);. This keeps on re-assigning value to false at beginning of each iteration.
A simple fix could be to get-rid of use of check variable and use only datecheck.
bool datecheck(true);
while (true)
{
std::cin>>c;
if (c >= 1)
{
if (b == 2 && c <= 28)
datecheck = false;
if (b == 2 && a % 4 == 0 && c <= 29)
datecheck = false;
if (b == 4 || b == 6 || b == 9 || b == 11 && c <= 30)
datecheck = false;
if (c <= 31)
datecheck = false;
}
if (datecheck)
{
std::cout<<"Sorry try again!"<<std::endl;
}
else
{
break;
}
}

how to detect collision to viewport sides in Qt

I have a ball(a simple circle) in my view port and I want to know if the ball is colliding to the sides of view port or not?
how can I do that?
I've tried to limit it with some values, but it makes it special and the circle should start from a certain place. I want to have it even if it starts from random coordinates.
This is what I have now:
if(vertices[i].first < 1.80f && vertices[i].second <0.9f && left == true
&& !up && !right && !down && !exception){
c = 'u';
}
else if (vertices[i].first < 1.80f && up==true && !right && !down &&
!left && !exception) {
c = 'r';
}
else if (vertices[i].first > -1.80f && vertices[i].second > -0.9f &&
right == true && !up && !down && !left && !exception){
c = 'd';
}
else if (vertices[i].first > -1.80f && down == true && !up && !right
&& !left && !exception) {
c = 'l';
}

Wrapping chars in caesar cipher encode

Can anyone please explain me how this wrapping of chars between a-to-z and A-to-Z happening in Caesar shift code?
k %= 26;
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
int c = s[i];
if(c >= 'a' && c <= 'z'){
c += k;
if( c > 'z'){
c = 96 + (c % 122); // wrapping from z to a?
}
}
else if(c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z'){
c += k;
if(c > 'Z'){
c = 64 + (c % 90);
}
}
cout << (char)c;
}
K is amount of shift and c is a char of string s.
Is there any better way to do the same?
Lets make a couple changes to the code and it is easier to see what is going on
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
int c = s[i];
if(c >= 'a' && c <= 'z'){
c += k;
if( c > 'z'){
c = 'a' + (c % 'z') - 1; // wrapping from z to a?
}
}
else if(c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z'){
c += k;
if(c > 'Z'){
c = 'A' + (c % 'Z') - 1;
}
}
cout << (char)c;
}
So in c = 'a' + (c % 'z') - 1; if c is larger than z then we mod c by z(122) to get how many characters from a we need to go. The same thing is going on with the upper case letters. I am subtracting one here as we are starting at a instead of the character before a like you original code does.

What is wrong with my logic?

if(location[0] <= 'H' || location[0] >= 'A'
&& location[1] <= 8 || location[1] >= 1)
I am checking to see if the first indice is between 'A' and 'H' and the second indice is between 1 - 8.
so the argument would = 1 if the user entered { A, 1 }
-1 if the user entered { J, 1 }
And (&&) has higher precedence than or (||), so to express what you want you need:
if ((location[0] <= 'H' || location[0] >= 'A') && (location[1] <= 8 || location[1] >= 1))
Otherwise what's happening is that it does the equivalent of this:
if (location[0] <= 'H' || (location[0] >= 'A' && location[1] <= 8) || location[1] >= 1)
Which is clearly not what you intended.
You can put as many expressions in the condition as you want, but you must remember the precedence rules; I suggest always using extra parentheses for clarity.
As Jeremiah has pointed out in the comments, the condition still wouldn't be doing what you wanted -- you are asking if something is in a given range by checking if it's either less than the upper bound or greater than the lower bound (this covers all input), when you intended to check whether the input was both larger than the lower bound and smaller than the upper:
if (location[0] <= 'H' && location[0] >= 'A' && location[1] <= 8 && location[1] >= 1)
In this case, since the operators are all &&, no extra parentheses are needed, though you can add them for extra clarity.
You need &&s not ||s. For example: 'Z' >= 'A' || 'Z' <= 'H' is true.
if(location[0] <= 'H' && location[0] >= 'A' && location[1] <= 8 && location[1] >= 1)
While not necessary in this case, you should group your logic together with parenthesis (and if they were ||s you would have to for it to work as expected):
if((location[0] <= 'H' && location[0] >= 'A') && (location[1] <= 8 && location[1] >= 1))
Add parenthesis to group the conditions:
if( (location[0] <= 'H' || location[0] >= 'A') && (location[1] <= 8 || location[1] >= 1))
If location[0] was equal to 'J' (definitely NOT between 'A' and 'H'), your if-clause would be TRUE because even though location[0] <= 'H' is FALSE, location[0] >= 'A' is TRUE and you are using || (OR). The problem is that you are using || (OR) instead of && (AND). You need to use all && (AND) in the if-clause.
&& has higher precedence than ||. So, you may want to write it as
if((location[0] <= 'H' || location[0] >= 'A') && (location[1] <= 8 || location[1] >= 1))
If you already tried this, please tell what error you got
Sorry guys, new here. I should have posted my entire method. Thank you for explaining the precedence of the operators, but my issue was that I was comparing a char with an int. All I needed to do was put ' ' around my numbers.
void GameBoard::enterShips()
{
char location[2];
int ships = 0;
int count = 1;
while( ships < NUM_SHIPS )
{
cout << "Enter a location for Ship " << count << ": ";
cin >> location[0];
cin >> location[1];
cout << endl;
if((location[0] <= 'H' && location[0] >= 'A') && (location[1] <= '8' && location[1] >= '1'))
{
location[0] = location[0] - 64;
location[1]--;
Grid[location[0]][location[1]] = SHIP;
ships++;
count++;
}
else
{
cout << "Wrong coordinates entered. Try again." << endl << endl;
}
}
}
As you can see in this operator precedence table, && is #13. It's higher up than ||, which is #14.
Therefore:
if(location[0] <= 'H' || location[0] >= 'A'
&& location[1] <= 8 || location[1] >= 1)
Is equivalent to:
if(location[0] <= 'H' || (location[0] >= 'A'
&& location[1] <= 8) || location[1] >= 1)
You want:
if((location[0] <= 'H' || location[0] >= 'A') &&
(location[1] <= 8 || location[1] >= 1))
Or even better:
if(((location[0] <= 'H') || (location[0] >= 'A')) &&
((location[1] <= 8) || (location[1] >= 1)))
I always put brackets around everything except when */ and +- are concerned. Even if you memorize the table, you shouldn't assume others do.
It helps code readability and helps prevent bugs... even compiler bugs! Triple bonus. :)
EDIT: Ah, you want ALL of them to be true. Just use all &&s, then! This works:
if(((location[0] <= 'H') && (location[0] >= 'A')) &&
((location[1] <= 8) && (location[1] >= 1)))