Some time before I installed arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc compiler collection and compiled embedded applications for IGEP board. I have many Eclipse projects which has double build configurations (one for UBUNTU based desktop, the other for ARM based IGEPv2 board).
Now, I formatted my drive (I use Ubuntu 12.04) , I rescued my projects and what I see? "arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc" is not available? I can download it nowhere.. Instead, all the links go to another download by "Mentor Graphics", which is named "arm-none-eabi-gcc". I do not know the difference between. I setup this package and correct all my .../CodeSourcery/... type of paths to /MentorGraphics/..., but when I compile I have the following error:
/home/fercis/MentorGraphics/Sourcery_CodeBench_Lite_for_ARM_EABI/arm-none-eabi/include/termios.h:4:25:
fatal error: sys/termios.h: No such file or directory
Then I looked at the include file of the arm compiler collection under "/home/fercis/MentorGraphics/Sourcery_CodeBench_Lite_for_ARM_EABI/arm-none-eabi/include" and what I see was a termios.h under the .../include directory, which only includes .../include/sys/termios.h
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
#include <sys/termios.h>
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
And, There is no "/sys/termios.h". Something must be terribly wrong! Help please?
You can build your own toolchain for the IGEPv2 following these steps:
Install dependencies:
$ sudo apt-get install diffstat
$ sudo apt-get install texi2html
$ sudo apt-get install texinfo
$ sudo apt-get install gawk
$ sudo apt-get install chrpath
$ sudo apt-get install gnupg
$ sudo apt-get install libcurl3
$ sudo apt-get install libcurl3-gnutls
$ sudo apt-get install python-pycurl
Clone IGEPv2 repo:
$ git clone -b denzil git://git.isee.biz/pub/scm/poky.git
Download isee layer:
$ cd poky
$ git clone -b denzil git://git.isee.biz/pub/scm/meta-isee.git
Setup bitbake environment:
$ source oe-init-build-env
Add isee layer on conf/bblayers.conf file:
BBLAYERS ?= " \
/path/to/poky/meta \
/path/to/poky/meta-yocto \
/path/to/poky/meta-isee \
"
Change MACHINE on conf/local.conf file:
MACHINE ??= "igep00x0"
This command generates toolchain:
$ bitbake meta-toolchain-sdk
This is a good time to take a long coffee...
At the end of process, SDK will be available here:
build/tmp/deploy/sdk/igep-sdk-yocto-toolchain-1.2.1-2.tar.bz2
Install SDK in your host machine:
$ tar xvfz igep-sdk-yocto-toolchain-1.2.1-2.tar.bz2 -C /
Enjoy it! :)
Related
I am trying to install gcc and g++ version 4.8 to run a specific software in Ubuntu 22.04.1
when I perform
sudo apt-get install g++-4.8
it says
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package g++-4.8
E: Couldn't find any package by glob 'g++-4.8'
E: Couldn't find any package by regex 'g++-4.8'
and When I perform
sudo apt-get install gcc-4.8
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'gcc-4.8-hppa64' for regex 'gcc-4.8'
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
chromium-codecs-ffmpeg-extra gstreamer1.0-vaapi i965-va-driver intel-media-va-driver libaacs0 libaom3 libass9 libavcodec58 libavformat58 libavutil56 libbdplus0 libbluray2
libbs2b0 libchromaprint1 libcodec2-1.0 libdav1d5 libflashrom1 libflite1 libftdi1-2 libgme0 libgsm1 libgstreamer-plugins-bad1.0-0 libigdgmm12 liblilv-0-0 libmfx1 libmysofa1
libnorm1 libopenmpt0 libpgm-5.3-0 libpostproc55 librabbitmq4 librubberband2 libserd-0-0 libshine3 libsnappy1v5 libsord-0-0 libsratom-0-0 libsrt1.4-gnutls libssh-gcrypt-4
libswresample3 libswscale5 libudfread0 libva-drm2 libva-wayland2 libva-x11-2 libva2 libvdpau1 libvidstab1.1 libx265-199 libxvidcore4 libzimg2 libzmq5 libzvbi-common libzvbi0
mesa-va-drivers mesa-vdpau-drivers pocketsphinx-en-us va-driver-all vdpau-driver-all
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded.
What could be done?
You could possibly recompile gcc 4.8.5 with the following script. However there is a lot that can go wrong depending on the machine that you are compiling it since the compiler itself depends on a large set of utilities - called the toolchain and they are tightly coupled with the machine's own system libraries, in particular the C standard library.
sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt-get install gcc-multilib libstdc++6:i386
wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-4.8.5/gcc-4.8.5.tar.bz2 --no-check-certificate
tar xf gcc-4.8.5.tar.bz2
cd gcc-4.8.5
./contrib/download_prerequisites
cd ..
sed -i -e 's/__attribute__/\/\/__attribute__/g' gcc-4.8.5/gcc/cp/cfns.h
sed -i 's/struct ucontext/ucontext_t/g' gcc-4.8.5/libgcc/config/i386/linux-unwind.h
mkdir xgcc-4.8.5
pushd xgcc-4.8.5
$PWD/../gcc-4.8.5/configure --enable-languages=c,c++ --prefix=/usr --enable-shared --enable-plugin --program-suffix=-4.8.5
make MAKEINFO="makeinfo --force" -j
sudo make install -j
I already know to install libsecp256k1 to standard location by cloniong from https://github.com/bitcoin-core/secp256k1. Such as
$ ./autogen.sh
$ ./configure
$ make
$ make check # run the test suite
$ sudo make install # optional
But I could not locate and reference about installing libsecp256k1 to a custom location like /usr/local/ in Ubuntu?
Run ./configure --help to see what other options you have.
To install in another location you could, for instance, run:
./configure --prefix=$HOME/third_party/secp256k1
make
make install
I am wondering what is the right/easy way to install a binary libc++ on Ubuntu, in my case Trusty aka 14.04?
On the LLVM web site there are apt packages http://apt.llvm.org/ and I have used these to install 3.9. However these packages don't seem to include libc++. I install the libc++-dev package but that seems to be a really old version. There are also binaries that can be downloaded http://llvm.org/releases/download.html#3.9.0. These do seem to contain libc++ but I'm not sure if I can just copy bits of this into places like /usr/include/c++/v1, in fact I'm not really sure what bits I would need to copy. I am aware I can use libc++ from an alternate location as documented here http://libcxx.llvm.org/docs/UsingLibcxx.html which I have tried. However I can't modify the build system of the large code base I work on to do this.
So is three any reason the apt packages don't include libc++ and any pointers to installing a binary would be gratefully recieved.
How to build libc++ on Ubuntu 16.04
I had a similar issue as you do. While testing clang with libstdc++ worked fine with C++11 and C++14 there still might be licensing issues with libstdc++. So I ended up installing Clang toolchain from their repos and compiling libc++ on Ubuntu 16.04.
Disclaimer: This post is summary of long search on how to build the libc++ on Ubuntu Linux. Many of the posts I found in 2017 were either outdated or described a partial solution on other systems e.g. CentOS. Links to these posts are:
Hacking with Clang llvm abi and llvm libc
Building Clang and libc++ on Ubuntu Linux
How to Build libcxx and libcxxabi by clang on CentOS 7
Here are the steps to build LLVM + Clang + libc++ from the 4.0 release branch:
Install the key of LLVM Repositories
# apt-get update && apt-get dist-upgrade -y && apt-get install -y vim curl && \
curl -q https://apt.llvm.org/llvm-snapshot.gpg.key |apt-key add -
Create a new new APT Repository File (you can also exclude 2 lines referring to v3.9 repos)
# cat > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/llvm-repos.list <<EOF
deb http://apt.llvm.org/xenial/ llvm-toolchain-xenial main
deb-src http://apt.llvm.org/xenial/ llvm-toolchain-xenial main
deb http://apt.llvm.org/xenial/ llvm-toolchain-xenial-3.9 main
deb-src http://apt.llvm.org/xenial/ llvm-toolchain-xenial-3.9 main
deb http://apt.llvm.org/xenial/ llvm-toolchain-xenial-4.0 main
deb-src http://apt.llvm.org/xenial/ llvm-toolchain-xenial-4.0 main
EOF
Install Clang and all Packages needed to build libc++ from LLVM repos
# apt-get update && apt-get install -y clang-4.0 clang-4.0-doc \
libclang-common-4.0-dev libclang-4.0-dev libclang1-4.0 libclang1-4.0-dbg \
libllvm4.0 libllvm4.0-dbg lldb-4.0 llvm-4.0 llvm-4.0-dev llvm-4.0-runtime \
clang-format-4.0 python-clang-4.0 liblldb-4.0-dev lld-4.0 libfuzzer-4.0-dev \
subversion cmake
Create an alternative for C++ compiler and linker. This is not a must, but lets you switch compilers or linkers if needed. Also some build files needed cc or c++ or clang++ as far as I remember. Keep in mind, that we switch to LLD linker as default:
update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/cc cc /usr/bin/clang-4.0 100 \
&& update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/c++ c++ /usr/bin/clang++-4.0 100 \
&& update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/clang++ clang++ /usr/bin/clang++-4.0 100 \
&& update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/clang clang /usr/bin/clang-4.0 100 \
&& update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/ld ld /usr/bin/ld.lld-4.0 10 \
&& update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/ld ld /usr/bin/ld.gold 20 \
&& update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/ld ld /usr/bin/ld.bfd 30 \
&& ld --version && echo 3 | update-alternatives --config ld && ld --version
Checkout sources of libc++ and libc++abi:
$ cd /tmp
$ svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/libcxx/branches/release_40/ libcxx
$ svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/libcxxabi/branches/release_40/ libcxxabi
$ mkdir -p libcxx/build libcxxabi/build
To run libc++ on Linux one needs ABI compatibility to the standard library, e.g. libstdc++. This is where libc++abi comes into game. The only problem is that it needs libc++ to be on the system for which it is build. Thus libc++ is built in 2 steps. First: without any ABI compatibility. But it will be used for bootstrapping of ABI lib and than the second step is to recompile libc++ with the proper ABI present on system:
Bootstraping => build libc++ without proper ABI:
cd /tmp/libcxx/build
cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DLLVM_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/bin/llvm-config-4.0\
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr .. \
&& make install
Building libc++abi with libstdc++ compatible ABI:
cd /tmp/libcxxabi/build
CPP_INCLUDE_PATHS=echo | c++ -Wp,-v -x c++ - -fsyntax-only 2>&1 \
|grep ' /usr'|tr '\n' ' '|tr -s ' ' |tr ' ' ';'
CPP_INCLUDE_PATHS="/usr/include/c++/v1/;$CPP_INCLUDE_PATHS"
cmake -G "Unix Makefiles" -DLIBCXX_CXX_ABI=libstdc++ \
-DLIBCXX_LIBSUPCXX_INCLUDE_PATHS="$CPP_INCLUDE_PATHS" \
-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr \
-DLLVM_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/bin/llvm-config-4.0 \
-DLIBCXXABI_LIBCXX_INCLUDES=../../libcxx/include ..
make install
Rebuild libc++ with proper ABI lib deployed on system:
cd /tmp/libcxx/build
cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr \
-DLIBCXX_CXX_ABI=libcxxabi -DLLVM_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/bin/llvm-config-4.0\
-DLIBCXX_CXX_ABI_INCLUDE_PATHS=../../libcxxabi/include .. \
&& make install
Create a test file to check whether everything works fine. IMO you should also test cerr stream, as previously it was not supported with the libc++abi and there were some segfaults. Please refer to this question.
create a test.cpp file:
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
using namespace std;
cout << "[OK] Hello world to cout!" << endl;
cerr << "[OK] Hello world to cerr!" << endl;
clog << "[OK] Hello world to clog!" << endl;
return 0;
}
And compile it and run it using this command line:
clang++ -std=c++11 -stdlib=libc++ -lc++abi test.cpp && ./a.out
Reason there is no package
I found libc++ packages for Ubuntu but they are a bit behind recent version: https://packages.ubuntu.com/xenial/libc++-dev
Why they are not current, I can't answer, but my guess is that LLVM+Clang can work with mostly any Standard Library, whereas libc++ as you see must be linked to particular runtime ABI and might heavily depend on available C runtime library. I agree there should be a package which covers 90% of the cases. May be this is just the lack of resources. Searching the mailing archive did not bring up anything special.
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libc++-dev
The accepted answer gave me some errors (it is Nov 2021 currently). Also, sudo apt install libc++-dev libc++abi-dev did not provide the latest libc++. Here is an alternate solution.
Use the LLVM apt package maintainer's script:
sudo bash -c "$(wget -O - https://apt.llvm.org/llvm.sh)"
This automatically sets up the apt repositories and gives you the latest LLVM toolchain.
clang-13 --version
Since you now have the latest LLVM packages available from http://apt.llvm.org you can install the latest libc++. First determine the latest version:
apt search libc++ | grep libc++
Then:
sudo apt install libc++-13-dev libc++abi-13-dev
Optionally, you can use update-alternatives to make your system use clang-13 instead of the default. There is a gist for that:
wget https://gist.githubusercontent.com/junkdog/70231d6953592cd6f27def59fe19e50d/raw/update-alternatives-clang.sh
chmod +x update-alternatives-clang.sh
sudo ./update-alternatives-clang.sh 13 1000
Now:
clang --version
Debian clang version 13.0.1-++20211110062941+9dc7d6d5e326-1~exp1~20211110183517.26
Target: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
Thread model: posix
InstalledDir: /usr/bin
The easiest way to get a working libc++ is to install the entire 3.9.0 toolchain under /usr/local. This will allow /usr/local/bin/clang++ to find the headers correctly and also allow the linker to find /usr/local/lib/libc++.so.
check my shell-script automation version:
https://github.com/sailfish009/llvm_all
$ sudo apt-get install libffi-dev libedit-dev swig git
$ git clone https://github.com/sailfish009/llvm_all
$ git clone https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project
$ cd llvm_all
$ cp *.sh ../llvm-project/
$ cd ../llvm-project/
$ ./set.sh
$ ./install.sh
$ clang++ --version
clang version 11.0.0 (https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project 032251e34d17c1cbf21e7571514bb775ed5cdf30)
Target: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
Thread model: posix
InstalledDir: /usr/bin
Just build it yourself, as explained here. I added -D CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++ -D CMAKE_C_COMPILER=clang to use clang as the compiler:
$ git clone https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project.git
$ cd llvm-project
$ mkdir build
$ cmake -G Ninja -S runtimes -B build -DLLVM_ENABLE_RUNTIMES="libcxx;libcxxabi;libunwind" -D CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++ -D CMAKE_C_COMPILER=clang # Configure for clang++
$ ninja -C build cxx cxxabi unwind # Build
$ ninja -C build check-cxx check-cxxabi check-unwind # Test
$ ninja -C build install-cxx install-cxxabi install-unwind # Install
I'm new to Wt and c++ and I just installed the Wt webframework on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS into a custom folder in my home directory. I cannot install or build any software into the /usr diretories of this computer. Even if I could, the PPA hasn't been active for 2 1/2 years, and the official Ubuntu installation instructions are also outdated. Aptitude no longer ships with Ubuntu and will eventually be discontinued.
I compliled and installed everything successfully, yet when I try to compile the Hello World example I get the following error:
g++ -o hello hello.cpp -lwt -lwthttp
fatal error: Wt/WApplication: No such file or directory
Here are my installation steps:
Boost:
wget https://dl.bintray.com/boostorg/release/1.65.1/source/boost_1_65_1.tar.bz2
tar --bzip2 -xf boost_1_65_1.tar.bz2
cd boost_1_65_1
./bootstrap.sh --prefix=../myfolder
sudo ./b2 install --prefix=../myfolder
CMake:
wget https://cmake.org/files/v3.9/cmake-3.9.2.tar.gz
tar -xvzf cmake-3.9.2.tar.gz
cd cmake-3.9.2
./configure --prefix=../myfolder
make
sudo make install
vim .profile
export PATH=$PATH:/home/ubuntu/myfolder/bin
Wt:
git clone https://github.com/emweb/wt.git
cd wt
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH=../myfolder .
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/ubuntu/myfolder
make
sudo make install
make -C examples
Since I'm lumping everything together in /myfolder I did not use the /build folder per the Wt installation instructions. The libwt and libboost libraries are in /myfolder/lib. I assumed all of the linking was taken care of during installation.
Any thoughts? Thanks in advance.
You have to tell your compiler to look for includes and libraries in the right folders, so instead of:
g++ -o hello hello.cpp -lwt -lwthttp
Try:
g++ -o hello hello.cpp -I/home/ubuntu/myfolder/include -L/home/ubuntu/myfolder/lib -lwt -lwthttp
Note that when you run your application, you'll also have to make sure that it can find the dynamic libs (.so files) it needs. You could do this:
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/home/ubuntu/myfolder/lib"
I want to cross-compile in eclipse for board armv7l.
I got the armv7l via, uname -i.
I installed ARM cross compiler toolchain, using below commands.
$ sudo apt-get install emdebian-archive-keyring
$ sudo apt-get install libc6-armel-cross libc6-dev-armel-cross
$ sudo apt-get install binutils-arm-linux-gnueabi
$ sudo apt-get install gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi
$ sudo apt-get install g++-arm-linux-gnueabi
$ sudo apt-get install u-boot-tools
$ sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev
I think I have to give an option for my target board version.
First time I tried to put arm-linux-gnueabi-g++ in C/C++ Build->settings->GCC C++ Compiler and GCC C++ Linker.(eclipse project properties)
Next I put -march=armv7 in Miscellaneous
But it was not working. I checked the executable file with readelf -A
and it shows this
Tag_CPU_name: "7-A"
Tag_CPU_arch: v7
Tag_CPU_arch_profile: Application
Tag_ARM_ISA_use: Yes
Tag_THUMB_ISA_use: Thumb-2
Tag_FP_arch: VFPv3-D16
Tag_ABI_PCS_wchar_t: 4
Tag_ABI_FP_denormal: Needed
Tag_ABI_FP_exceptions: Needed
Tag_ABI_FP_number_model: IEEE 754
Tag_ABI_align_needed: 8-byte
Tag_ABI_align_preserved: 8-byte, except leaf SP
Tag_ABI_enum_size: int
Tag_ABI_HardFP_use: SP and DP
Tag_CPU_unaligned_access: v6
Tag_DIV_use: Not allowed
What option I have to put for my target board ?