undefined reference to `main' - but main function included [closed] - c++

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I am getting the following error when trying to compile my code:
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.7/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/crt1.o: In function `_start':
(.text+0x20): undefined reference to `main'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
I am using the following command:
g++ detectTemplatePoints.cpp -o SURF_TemplatePoints `pkg-config --cflags --libs opencv`
From what I can find online this seems to happen when you do not have a main entry point included but I do have that, my code below:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
#include "opencv2/core/core.hpp"
#include "opencv2/features2d/features2d.hpp"
#include "opencv2/nonfree/features2d.hpp"
#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp"
#include "opencv2/nonfree/nonfree.hpp"
using namespace cv;
void readme();
int main (int argc, char* argv[]) {
if( argc != 2 ) {
readme(); return -1;
}
Mat img_1 = imread( argv[1], CV_LOAD_IMAGE_GRAYSCALE );
if( !img_1.data ) {
std::cout<< " --(!) Error reading images " << std::endl; return -1;
}
int minHessian = 400;
SurfFeatureDetector detector( minHessian );
std::vector<KeyPoint> keypoints_1;
detector.detect( img_1, keypoints_1 );
Mat img_keypoints_1;
drawKeypoints( img_1, keypoints_1, img_keypoints_1, Scalar::all(-1), DrawMatchesFlags::DEFAULT );
imshow("Keypoints 1", img_keypoints_1 );
waitKey(0);
return 0;
}
void readme() {
std::cout << " Usage: ./detectTemplatePoints <img1>" << std::endl;
}
What is causing this error?

As the error message says: you have no main function. They have to have one of the following signatures:
int main()
or
int main(int, char**)

First of all, you should use g++ detectTemplatePoints.cpp -o SURF_TemplatePoints $(pkg-config --cflags --libs opencv ) in order to link opencv libraries.
Also, you haven't shown us the libraries you are including.
I can get it compiled so:
#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include <opencv2/nonfree/features2d.hpp>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
void readme();
int main (int argc, char** argv) {
if( argc != 2 ) {
readme(); return -1;
}
Mat img_1 = imread( argv[1], CV_LOAD_IMAGE_GRAYSCALE );
if( !img_1.data ) {
std::cout<< " --(!) Error reading images " << std::endl; return -1;
}
int minHessian = 400;
SurfFeatureDetector detector( minHessian );
std::vector<KeyPoint> keypoints_1;
detector.detect( img_1, keypoints_1 );
Mat img_keypoints_1;
drawKeypoints( img_1, keypoints_1, img_keypoints_1, Scalar::all(-1), DrawMatchesFlags::DEFAULT );
imshow("Keypoints 1", img_keypoints_1 );
waitKey(0);
return 0;
}
void readme() {
std::cout << " Usage: ./detectTemplatePoints <img1>" << std::endl;
}

Related

opencv c++ change ipl to mat accumulate

i tried to change code ipl to mat
but failed
i use opencv 4.1.2
this sample uses opencv 2.4.13
https://jadeshin.tistory.com/entry/cvAcc에-의한-배경-영상-계산
i can't use ipl
so i changed
#include <opencv2\opencv.hpp>
#include <opencv2\highgui\highgui.hpp>
#include <opencv2\core\mat.hpp>
#include <opencv2\imgproc.hpp>
#include <iostream>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
int main()
{
VideoCapture cap("ball.avi");
if (!cap.isOpened())
{
cout << "file not found." << endl;
return 0;
}
Mat image;
Size size = Size((int)CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH, (int)CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT);
Mat grayImage(size, CV_8UC1);
Mat sumImage(size, CV_32FC1);
sumImage.setTo(Scalar::all(0));
int nFrameCount = 0;
for (;;)
{
cap.read(image);
if (image.empty())
{
cout << "could'nt capture" << endl;
break;
}
cvtColor(image, grayImage, COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
accumulate(grayImage, sumImage, NULL); //here is error
imshow("grayImage", grayImage);
char chKey = waitKey(50);
if (chKey == 27)
break;
nFrameCount++;
}
convertScaleAbs(sumImage, sumImage, 1.0 / nFrameCount);
imwrite("ballBkg.jpg", sumImage);
destroyAllWindows();
return 0;
}
nothing wrong to compile but wrong to excute
i did also try, catch
but also failed
what's wrong with accumulate?
C++ version of accumulate void accumulate(InputArray src, InputOutputArray dst, InputArray mask=noArray() )
your are passing NULL instead of noArray() . so just do :
accumulate(grayImage, sumImage);
cv::noArray() is an empty Mat not NULL.
Edit :
Also change
Size size = Size((int)CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH, (int)CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT);
to
Size size = Size((int)cap.get(CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH), (int)cap.get(CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT));

Failed to capture a avi file using opencv

I am quite new to c++ compilation. I am trying to work on a simple problem using opencv where I read a video file and display it.
My code looks like:
#include <opencv/cv.h>
#include <opencv/highgui.h>
#include "opencv2/opencv.hpp"
#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <algorithm>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <list>
#include <string>
using namespace cv;
IplImage* image = 0;
IplImage* prev_image = 0;
int show = 1;
int main( int argc, char** argv )
{
int frameNum = 0;
char* video = argv[1];
VideoCapture capture(video);
if( !capture.isOpened() ) {
printf( "Could not initialize capturing..\n" );
return -1;
}
if( show == 1 )
cvNamedWindow( "Video", 0 );
while( true ) {
IplImage* frame = 0;
int i, j, c;
// get a new frame
//frame = cvQueryFrame( capture );
Mat mat_img;
capture >> mat_img;
IplImage frame1 = mat_img.operator IplImage();
frame = &frame1;
if( !frame )
break;
if( !image ) {
image = cvCreateImage( cvSize(frame->width,frame->height), 8, 3 );
image->origin = frame->origin;
}
cvCopy( frame, image, 0 );
if( show == 1 ) {
cvShowImage( "Video", image);
c = cvWaitKey(3);
if((char)c == 27) break;
}
std::cerr << "The " << frameNum << "-th frame" << std::endl;
frameNum++;
}
if( show == 1 )
cvDestroyWindow("Video");
return 0;
}
Then I compile it like:
g++ test.cpp -o Video -pipe -D __STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS -D STD=std -Wall -I. -I/usr/local/ -O3 -DNDEBUG -ggdb -L/usr/local/ -lopencv_core -lopencv_highgui -lopencv_video -lopencv_imgproc -lavformat -lavdevice -lavutil -lavcodec -lswscale
Compilation works fine and no errors returned.
However, when I was running it, I got:
(Video:5651): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_object_set: assertion 'G_IS_OBJECT (object)' failed
Could not initialize capturing..
Some other information:
1. I test my opencv and ffmpeg by running simple examples, which work well.
2. I can stream frames from my camera and display it using opencv.
Anyone has idea of what causes this?
Any idea is appreciated.

Video Grabbing doesn't work OpenCV

I am using this piece of code to grab frames off a video :
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <opencv/cv.h>
#include <opencv/highgui.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
int main (int argc, char** argv)
{
//initializing capture from file
CvCapture * capture = cvCaptureFromAVI ("/home/<some_file>.avi");
//Capturing a frame
IplImage* img = 0;
if(!cvGrabFrame(capture)) //capture a frame
{
cout << Could not grab a frame\n\7";
exit(0);
}
img=cvRetrieveFrame(capture); //retrieve the captured frame
//free resources
cvReleaseCapture(&capture);
}
Which is returning :
Could not grab a frame
Additional details :
I had used code to save webcam video feed to the file from which i want to grab frames .
I used this code :
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
int main( int argc, char** argv ) {
CvCapture* capture;
capture = cvCreateCameraCapture(0);
assert( capture != NULL );
IplImage* bgr_frame = cvQueryFrame( capture );
CvSize size = cvSize(
(int)cvGetCaptureProperty( capture,
CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH),
(int)cvGetCaptureProperty( capture,
CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT)
);
cvNamedWindow( "Webcam", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE );
CvVideoWriter *writer = cvCreateVideoWriter( "/Users/user/Desktop/OpenCV_trial/OpenCV_trial/vidtry.AVI",
CV_FOURCC('D','I','V','X'),
30,
size
);
while( (bgr_frame = cvQueryFrame( capture )) != NULL )
{
cvWriteFrame(writer, bgr_frame );
cvShowImage( "Webcam", bgr_frame );
char c = cvWaitKey( 33 );
if( c == 27 ) break;
}
cvReleaseVideoWriter( &writer );
cvReleaseCapture( &capture );
cvDestroyWindow( "Webcam" );
return( 0 );
}
Does anyone know where I might be going wrong ? I am running OpenCV-2.4.3 on a Beagleboard -xM with Ubuntu Quantal.
I am not quite sure what your exactly question is, but if you want to grab frames from a video, you should at least have a loop.
A reason for your error could be, that your video file is not available. Have you tried another one? The full path of the file? Or put the file directly into your working directory and check it.
Another reason could be a problem with the first frame (this sometimes happens). So try to remove your exit and enclose your code with a loop over all frames.
Here is an example that shows the given video file (Consider to use the C++-interface):
#include <opencv/cv.h>
#include <opencv/highgui.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
int main (int argc, char** argv)
{
//initializing capture from file
Mat img;
VideoCapture capture("a.avi");
if(!capture.isOpened())
{
cout<<"Could not open video!\n";
return 1;
}
while(true)
{
//Capturing a frame
capture >> img;
if(!img.empty())
{
imshow("Video",img);
}
else
{
cout <<"Could not grab a frame\n";
break;
}
if(waitKey(5) >= 0)
break;
}
return 0;
}
This program runs on my PC if the file "a.avi" is in the current working directory of the program.

Compiling error cv::gpu

I'm using OpenCV master branch (3.0.0. dev) with CUDA on Ubuntu 12.04, and trying to compile the following opencv with gpu code:
#include <iostream>
#include "opencv2/opencv.hpp"
#include "opencv2/core.hpp"
#include "opencv2/highgui.hpp"
#include "opencv2/gpu/gpu.hpp"
using namespace cv;
int main (int argc, char* argv[])
{
try
{
cv::Mat src_host = cv::imread("file.png", CV_LOAD_IMAGE_GRAYSCALE);
cv::gpu::GpuMat dst, src;
src.upload(src_host);
cv::gpu::threshold(src, dst, 128.0, 255.0, CV_THRESH_BINARY);
cv::Mat result_host = dst;
cv::imshow("Result", result_host);
cv::waitKey();
}
catch(const cv::Exception& ex)
{
std::cout << "Error: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
return 0;
}
The compiling command is:
g++ testgpu.cpp -o test `pkg-config --cflags --libs opencv` -lopencv_gpu
It has the following compiling errors:
testgpu.cpp: In function ‘int main(int, char**)’:
testgpu.cpp:13:51: error: ‘CV_LOAD_IMAGE_GRAYSCALE’ was not declared in this scope
cv::Mat src_host = cv::imread("file.png", CV_LOAD_IMAGE_GRAYSCALE);
^
testgpu.cpp:17:52: error: ‘CV_THRESH_BINARY’ was not declared in this scope
cv::gpu::threshold(src, dst, 128.0, 255.0, CV_THRESH_BINARY);
^
testgpu.cpp:19:31: error: conversion from ‘cv::gpu::GpuMat’ to non-scalar type ‘cv::Mat’ requested
cv::Mat result_host = dst;
^
It is something wrong with the installation of OpenCV, or the API change in Opencv 3.0.0?
The gpu module was redesigned in OpenCV 3.0. It was splitted onto several modules, it was renamed to cuda and gpu:: namespace was renamed to cuda::. The correct code for OpenCV 3.0:
#include <iostream>
#include "opencv2/opencv.hpp"
#include "opencv2/core.hpp"
#include "opencv2/highgui.hpp"
#include "opencv2/cudaarithm.hpp"
using namespace cv;
int main (int argc, char* argv[])
{
try
{
cv::Mat src_host = cv::imread("file.png", cv::IMREAD_GRAYSCALE);
cv::cuda::GpuMat dst, src;
src.upload(src_host);
cv::cuda::threshold(src, dst, 128.0, 255.0, cv::THRESH_BINARY);
cv::Mat result_host(dst);
cv::imshow("Result", result_host);
cv::waitKey();
}
catch(const cv::Exception& ex)
{
std::cout << "Error: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
return 0;
}
Ah, they've been playing with the constants in master. Expect the CV_* prefix removed almost anywhere ( except the types, CV_8U and such are still alive).
So it's cv::THRESH_BINARY, cv::LOAD_IMAGE_GRAYSCALE, but .... cv::COLOR_BGR2GRAY (you didn't use it now, but i'll spare you the searching ;) )
Sorry, I've no experience with GPU stuff, so i can't solve the last riddle there.

Missing classes opencv

I'm using opencv3.0.0 dev version with cmake.I installed opencv following this tutorial
http://docs.opencv.org/trunk/doc/tutorials/introduction/linux_install/linux_install.html#linux-installation
After that I'm use the following cmake file to compile a simple face-detector:
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)
project( face-detect )
find_package( OpenCV 3.0.0 EXACT REQUIRED )
add_executable( face-detect face-detect.cpp )
target_link_libraries( face-detect ${OpenCV_LIBS} )
Makefile is generated succefully, but when I compile the code there're missing classes under namespace cv:
face-detect.cpp:15: error: 'CommandLineParser' is not a member of 'cv'
cv::CommandLineParser parser(argc, argv, keys);
^
face-detect.cpp:23: error: invalid initialization of reference of type 'cv::InputArray {aka const cv::_InputArray&}' from expression of type 'const char*'
std::cout << cv::format("Error: cannot load cascade file!\n");
However it does find cv::CascadeClassifier. How to fix this problem?
This is the code for face-detect, I took it from internet:
#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
#include <opencv2/objdetect/objdetect.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include <iostream>
const char* keys =
{
"{i|input| |The source image}"
"{o|outdir| |The output directory}"
};
int main(int argc, const char** argv)
{
cv::CommandLineParser parser(argc, argv, keys);
std::string infile = parser.get<std::string>("input");
std::string outdir = parser.get<std::string>("outdir");
std::string cascade_file = "haarcascade_frontalface_alt.xml";
cv::CascadeClassifier cascade;
if (cascade_file.empty() || !cascade.load(cascade_file))
{
std::cout << cv::format("Error: cannot load cascade file!\n");
return -1;
}
cv::Mat src = cv::imread(infile);
if (src.empty())
{
std::cout << cv::format("Error: cannot load source image!\n");
return -1;
}
cv::Mat gray;
cv::cvtColor(src, gray, CV_BGR2GRAY);
cv::equalizeHist(gray, gray);
std::vector<cv::Rect> faces;
cascade.detectMultiScale(gray, faces, 1.2, 3);
std::cout << cv::format("0, %s (%dx%d)\n", infile.c_str(), src.cols, src.rows);
cv::Mat src_copy = src.clone();
for (int i = 0; i < faces.size(); i++)
{
std::string outfile(cv::format("%s/face-%d.jpg", outdir.c_str(), i+1));
cv::Rect r = faces[i];
cv::rectangle(src, r, CV_RGB(0,255,0), 2);
cv::imwrite(outfile, src_copy(r));
cv::imwrite(infile, src);
std::cout << cv::format("%d, %s (%dx%d)\n", i+1, outfile.c_str(), r.width, r.height);
}
return 0;
}