What is a property map in BOOST? - c++

Question

Can someone explain to a Boost beginner like me what is a property map is in Boost?
I came across this when trying to use the BGL for calculating strong connected components.
I went through the documentation for the property map and graph module and still don't know what to make of it.
Take this code, for example:
what is the make_iterator_property_map function doing?
and what is the meaning of this code: get(vertex_index, G)?
#include <boost/config.hpp>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <boost/graph/strong_components.hpp>
#include <boost/graph/adjacency_list.hpp>
int main()
{
using namespace boost;
typedef adjacency_list < vecS, vecS, directedS > Graph;
const int N = 6;
Graph G(N);
add_edge(0, 1, G);
add_edge(1, 1, G);
add_edge(1, 3, G);
add_edge(1, 4, G);
add_edge(3, 4, G);
add_edge(3, 0, G);
add_edge(4, 3, G);
add_edge(5, 2, G);
std::vector<int> c(N);
int num = strong_components
(G, make_iterator_property_map(c.begin(), get(vertex_index, G), c[0]));
std::cout << "Total number of components: " << num << std::endl;
std::vector < int >::iterator i;
for (i = c.begin(); i != c.end(); ++i)
std::cout << "Vertex " << i - c.begin()
<< " is in component " << *i << std::endl;
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

Answer 1

PropertyMaps at their core are an abstraction of data access. A problem that comes up very quickly in generic programming is: How do I get data associated with some object? It could be stored in the object itself, the object could be a pointer, it could be outside of the object in some mapping structure.
You can of course encapsulate data-access in a functor, but that becomes tedious very quickly and you look for a more narrow solution, the one chosen in Boost are PropertyMaps.
Remember this is just the concept. Concrete instances are for example an std::map (with some syntactic adaption), a function returning a member of the key (again, with some syntactic adaption).
Towards your edit: make_iterator_property_map builds an iterator_property_map. The first argument provides an iterator for a basis of offset calculations. The second argument is again a property_map to do the offset calculation. Together this provides a way to use an vertex_descriptor to write data to the vector based on the index of the vertex_descriptor.