access violation reading location c++ - c++

I'm writing a program that print the full english name of the number inputted by the user. it's not a complete program but i keep getting an error:
First-chance exception at 0x00b02c76 in Programming Challenge 14.1.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation reading location 0xcccccd80.
Unhandled exception at 0x00b02c76 in Programming Challenge 14.1.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation reading location 0xcccccd80.
I've tried looking around and couldn't find anything of use to me. here this the program:
header file:
#ifndef NUMBERS_H
#define NUMBERS_H
#include <string>
using namespace std;
const int SIZE1 = 18;
const int SIZE2 = 8;
class Numbers
{
private:
int number;
string hundred;
string thousand;
string * one;
string * ten;
public:
Numbers(int num)
{
number = num;
hundred = "hundred";
thousand = "thousand";
string * one = new string[SIZE1];
string * ten = new string[SIZE2];
}
void initializeArray()
{
// Intialize array "one"
one[0] = "zero";
one[1] = "one";
one[2] = "two";
one[3] = "three";
one[4] = "four";
one[5] = "five";
one[6] = "six";
one[7] = "seven";
one[8] = "eight";
one[9] = "nine";
one[10] = "eleven";
one[11] = "twelve";
one[12] = "thirteen";
one[13] = "fourteen";
one[14] = "fifteen";
one[15] = "sixteen";
one[16] = "seventeen";
one[17] = "eighteen";
one[18] = "nineteen";
// Initialize the ten array
ten[0] = "ten";
ten[1] = "twenty";
ten[2] = "thirty";
ten[3] = "forty";
ten[4] = "fifty";
ten[5] = "sixty";
ten[6] = "seventy";
ten[7] = "eighty";
ten[8] = "ninety";
}
string determine()
{
string name = "";
for (int i = 0; i <= number; i++)
{
if (number == i)
{
name = one[i];
}
}
return name;
}
~Numbers()
{
delete [] one;
delete [] ten;
}
};
#endif
and this is the main program, im just using a constructor to assign a value to number to make debugging a little faster
#include <iostream>
#include "Numbers.h"
using namespace std;
int main()
{
Numbers n(5);
string name = n.determine();
cout << "The number is " << name << endl;
cin.ignore();
cin.get();
return 0;
}
by the way this is vc++ for the compiler
ill answer any questions as this isnt really too organized

const int SIZE1 = 18;
Valid array index for the array of SIZE1 are 0 to 17. In general, valid indexes for an array of size N are 0 to N-1.
I recommend using std::vector<std::string>.

one holds 18 elements, but you put 19 elements in there.

Two things here:
You are not calling "initializeArray()" at all. So when you are trying to access the array there is nothing there. I would recommend calling it in the constructor. Like this:
Numbers(int num)
{
number = num;
hundred = "hundred";
thousand = "thousand";
one = new string[SIZE1];
ten = new string[SIZE2];
initializeArray();
}
Second, is what the guys above said. You have an incorrect value for the size of your array since you are trying to assign 19 values to an array of size 18. Just to be really sure lets make the size bigger than we expect and you can adjust later:
const int SIZE1 = 20;
const int SIZE2 = 20;
Additionally, See your determine()? instead of using a for loop why don't you go:
string name = one[number];
EDIT: Wow there was another thing I missed...you have declared your array pointer variable twice and so it's actually going out of scope thinking you want to make some local versions. Look at my adjusted implementation of your constructor above again. See how I've removed the "String *" from before the variable names.

The variable "one" and "ten" have been changed from string pointers to vectors holding strings. Called the initializeArray within the constructor. Changed the way the name string was being assigned the new string. Here is the working code.
class Numbers
{
private:
int number;
string hundred;
string thousand;
vector<string> one;
vector<string> ten;
public:
Numbers(int num)
{
number = num;
hundred = "hundred";
thousand = "thousand";
initializeArray();
}
void initializeArray()
{
one.push_back("zero");
one.push_back("one");
one.push_back( "two");
one.push_back("three");
one.push_back("four");
one.push_back("five");
one.push_back("six");
one.push_back("seven");
one.push_back("eight");
one.push_back("nine");
one.push_back("eleven");
one.push_back("twelve");
one.push_back("thirteen");
one.push_back("fourteen");
one.push_back("fifteen");
one.push_back("sixteen");
one.push_back("seventeen");
one.push_back("eighteen");
one.push_back("nineteen");
// Initialize the ten array
ten.push_back("ten");
ten.push_back("twenty");
ten.push_back("thirty");
ten.push_back("forty");
ten.push_back("fifty");
ten.push_back("sixty");
ten.push_back("seventy");
ten.push_back("eighty");
ten.push_back("ninety");
}
string determine()
{
string name("");
for (int i = 0; i <= number; i++)
{
if (number == i)
{
auto iter = one.begin();
iter += i;
name.assign(*iter);
}
}
return name;
}
~Numbers()
{
}
};
int main()
{
Numbers n(5);
string name = n.determine();
cout << "The number is " << name << endl;
cin.ignore();
cin.get();
return 0;
}

Related

Can't modify a string in C++ array

Trying to learn datastructures, I made this class for a stack. It works just fine with integers but it throws a mysterious error with strings.
The class List is the API for my stack. Its meant to resize automatically when it reaches the limit. The whole code is just for the sake of learning but the error I get doesn't make any sense and it happens somewhere in some assembly code.
#include <iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class List {
private:
int N = 0;
string* list = new string[1];
void resize(int sz) {
max = sz;
string* oldlist = list;
string* list = new string[max];
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
list[i] = oldlist[i];
}
}
int max = 1;
public:
void push(string str) {
if (N == max) {
resize(2 * N);
}
cout << max << endl;
list[N] = str;
N++;
}
void pop() {
cout << list[--N] << endl;
}
};
int main()
{
string in;
List list;
while (true) {
cin >> in;
if (in == "-") {
list.pop();
}
else {
list.push(in);
}
}
}
string* list = new string[max]; in the resize method defines a new variable named list that "shadows", replaces, the member variable list. The member list goes unchanged and the local variable list goes out of scope at the end of the function, losing all of the work.
To fix: Change
string* list = new string[max];
to
list = new string[max];
so that the function will use the member variable.
Don't forget to delete[] oldlist; when you're done with it to free up the storage it points at.

Std::bad_alloc thrown in the middle of While Loop

I'm writing a function that handles an order input file (csv) using a while loops to iterate though it.
762212,1,2020-03-15,10951-3,64612-2,57544-1,80145-1,27515-2,16736-1,79758-2,29286-2,51822-3,39096-1,32641-3,63725-3,64007-2,23022-1,16974-3,26860-2,75536-2,26461-1
1,373975319551257,12-2023
258572,2,2020-03-15,96497-1,70616-1,80237-2,22248-2,56107-1,59695-1,37948-3,21316-3,63498-1,18329-1,56833-1,66295-1,47680-3,30346-1
1,201741963232463,02-2022
857003,3,2020-03-15,16655-1,88019-3,75069-3,96017-2,46883-2,15138-1,77316-1,70063-3,54452-3,86429-2,15134-2,60176-1,12946-3
2,cfeeham3s
747893,4,2020-03-17,48520-1,93268-2,63636-1,23750-2,99771-3,83203-1,21316-3,89921-2,15134-3,82831-1,30346-2,54044-3,28561-1,14792-2,23523-3,56826-2
1,3571379825697064,04-2025
Every two lines represents an input. I have the following function that handles this input:
list<Order> orders;
void read_orders(string file_name) {
fstream read_file;
read_file.open(file_name, ios::in);
if (read_file.is_open()) {
string s;
int line_num = 1; // keeps track of line number in input file
int o_id;
string o_date;
int c_id;
vector<LineItem> itms;
while (getline(read_file, s)) {
cout << orders.size(); // shows that only two objects are added before failure
if (line_num % 2 == 1) { // handle odd numbered lines of input
auto data = split(s, ',');
int o_id = stoi(data[0]);
string o_date = data[1];
int c_id = stoi(data[2]);
vector<LineItem> itms;
// get line items
int n_line_items = data.size() - 3;
vector<string> end_data(data.end() - n_line_items, data.end());
for (string x: end_data) {
auto parts = split(x, '-');
LineItem* it = new LineItem(stoi(parts[0]), stoi(parts[1]));
itms.push_back(*it);
delete it;
}
} else { // handle even numbered lines of input
auto data = split(s, ',');
Credit* pay_credit = new Credit(0.0, data[1], data[2]); // initialize each type of payment
PayPal* pay_paypal = new PayPal(0.0, data[1]);
WireTransfer* pay_wire = new WireTransfer(0.0, data[1], data[2]);
if (data[0] == "1") {
Order* ordr = new Order(o_id, o_date, c_id, itms, *pay_credit);
orders.push_back(*ordr);
delete ordr;
} else if (data[0] == "2") {
Order* orr = new Order(o_id, o_date, c_id, itms, *pay_paypal);
orders.push_back(*orr);
delete orr;
} else if (data[0] == "3") {
Order* odr = new Order(o_id, o_date, c_id, itms, *pay_wire);
orders.push_back(*odr);
delete odr;
}
delete pay_credit; // trying to clean up memory
delete pay_paypal;
delete pay_wire;
}
line_num += 1;
}
read_file.close();
}
}
Because of my cout statement, I can tell that it only adds two items to the list before running into the std::bad_alloc error. It seems to happen when it switches from adding a Credit object to adding a PayPal object into the Order(...) when it's initialized. I did a lot of research into why this might happen, so I tried to clean up as much as I knew how to (I'm new to C++) but the same error kept popping up. Does the error happen when I'm adding things to the list or is it when I'm creating these new objects?/How could I fix something like that?
Here are my class definitions in case that's important:
class Payment {
public:
double amount;
string print_detail() {
return "hey";
};
};
class Credit: public Payment {
private:
string card_number;
string expiration;
public:
Credit(double amt, string cn, string exp) {
this->amount = amt;
this->card_number = cn;
this->expiration = exp;
}
string print_detail() {
return "Credit card " + this->card_number + ", exp. " + this->expiration;
}
};
class PayPal: public Payment {
private:
string paypal_id;
public:
PayPal(double amt, string pp_id) {
this->amount = amt;
this->paypal_id = pp_id;
}
virtual string print_detail() {
return "Paypal ID: " + this->paypal_id;
}
};
class WireTransfer: public Payment {
private:
string bank_id;
string account_id;
public:
WireTransfer(double amt, string b_id, string a_id) {
this->amount = amt;
this->bank_id = b_id;
this->account_id = a_id;
}
string print_detail() {
return "Wire transfer from Bank ID " + this->bank_id + ", Account# " + this->account_id;
}
};
class LineItem {
private:
int item_id;
int qty;
public:
LineItem(int i_id, int qt) {
this->item_id = i_id;
this->qty = qt;
}
double subtotal() {
double subtot = 0.0;
for (auto x: items) {
if (x.item_id == this->item_id) {
subtot += x.price * this->qty;
}
}
return subtot;
};
};
class Order {
private:
int order_id;
string order_date;
int cust_id;
vector<LineItem> line_items;
Payment payment;
public:
Order(int o_id, string o_date, int c_id, vector<LineItem> li, Payment pay) {
this->order_id = o_id;
this->order_date = o_date;
this->cust_id = c_id;
this->line_items = li;
this->payment = pay;
}
string pay_type = "";
double total() {
double result = 0.0;
for (auto li: line_items) {
result += li.subtotal();
}
return result;
}
string print_order() {
string text = "===========================\nOrder #";
text += to_string(this->order_id) + ", Date: " + this->order_date + "\nAmount: $";
text += to_string(this->total()) + ", Paid by ";
text += payment.print_detail();
return text;
}
};
And this was the error message showing that it did insert two items:
001122terminate called after throwing an instance of 'std::bad_alloc'
what(): std::bad_alloc
Process returned 3 (0x3)
std::bad_alloc is often thrown when there is not enough memory to be allocated. I can't say if this will solve the problem, but your repeated allocations and deallocations of objects are both unnecessary and harmful (causing memory fragmentation).
Instead of
LineItem* it = new LineItem(stoi(parts[0]), stoi(parts[1]));
itms.push_back(*it);
delete it;
you should do
itms.push_back(LineItem(stoi(parts[0]), stoi(parts[1]));
or
itms.emplace_back(stoi(parts[0]), stoi(parts[1]));
The same applies to every occurence of new in read_orders. You don't need any of them.
Another helpful thing you can do is to preallocate memory for std::vector. If you don't know how many items it will have, do an educated guess (100, 1000, 10000, etc.).
itms.reserve(1000); //before you start to push_back() to it
Also, make sure to std::move your vectors if you want to transfer the whole content of it and not make a copy.

C++ compiler error when running code (seg fault core dumped)

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
/*
Animal cheapest(string type, Animal a[], int size) that returns the
cheapest animal in a of type type (that is, the cheapest cat or dog).
Note: Assuming you’ve
filled in an array of Animals called shelter, calling cheapest from your
main function would
look like
Animal inexpensive = cheapest(“Dog”, shelter, 20);
*/
struct Animal{
string name = "";
string gender = "";
int age = 0;
int price = 0;
string catOrDog = "";
};
Animal cheapest(string type, Animal a[], int size){
int smallest = a[0].price;
int indexOfSmallest = 0;
for(int i = 0; i<size; i++){
if(a[i].price < smallest && a[i].catOrDog == type){
indexOfSmallest = i;
}
}
return a[indexOfSmallest];
}
void printAnimal(Animal name){
cout<< name.name <<endl;
}
int main(){
Animal arr[1];
Animal one;
one.name = "Chad";
one.gender = "Female";
one.age = 2;
one.price = 1500;
one.catOrDog = "Dog";
Animal two;
two.name = "Brian";
two.gender = "Female";
two.age = 2;
two.price = 1000;
two.catOrDog = "Dog";
arr[0] = one;
arr[1] = two;
Animal inexpensive = cheapest("Dog", arr, 2);
printAnimal(inexpensive);
return 0;
}
Segmentation Error when running code. From what I've googled, this usually happens when you are reading from a file but I am not reading from a file.
What is wrong with my code? This is the first time I've encountered a problem like this so I am completely blank
You declare an array with one element:
Animal arr[1];
Then you access it out of bounds by storing two elements into it:
arr[0] = one;
arr[1] = two;
Only the first index (0) is valid.
You should consider using a std::array or std::vector rather than a C-style array, so you don't have to pass its size separately.

Segmentation fault error with structures

I have no idea where the segmentation error is coming from ... Any ideas?
I am working with structures for an assignment
TestResult testResultFactory(std::string name, double mark)
{
//creating an object of TestResult
TestResult car;
car.name = name;
car.mark = mark;
return car;
}
Student studentFactrory(std::string name)
{
//Creating an object of student
Student house;
house.name = name;
house.testResults = 0;
house.numTestResults = 0;
return house;
}
void addTestResult(Student * student, std::string testName, double testMark)
{
//First we need to create a new array
(student->numTestResults)+=1;
TestResult *newTestArray = new TestResult[(student->numTestResults)];
//Now we loop through the old array and add it to the new one
int index = (student->numTestResults);
for (size_t i = 0; i < (index-1); i++)
{
newTestArray[i] = testResultFactory((student->testResults[i].name),(student->testResults[i].mark));
}
//Now we need to add the new student to the end of the array
newTestArray[index] = testResultFactory(testName, testMark);
(student->testResults) = newTestArray;
}
string studentBest(Student const * student)
{
//create variables as temps
string highestName;
double highestMark;
int index = (student->numTestResults);
//Setting the two variables to the first value
highestName = (student->testResults[0].name);
highestMark = (student->testResults[0].mark);
//Using a while loop to compare and get the best
for (size_t i = 0; i < index; i++)
{
if((student->testResults[i].mark)> highestMark)
{
highestMark = (student->testResults[i].mark);
highestName = (student->testResults[i].name);
}
}
//returning the string they want
string send = (highestName)+ " "+ doubleToString(highestMark)+ "%";
return send;
}
double studentAverage(Student const * student)
{
//Variables used as temps
double average = 0;
double counter = 0.0;
double running = 0;
int index = (student->numTestResults);
//Now we need to loop through each one and add to running and counter
for (size_t i = 0; i < index; i++)
{
counter++;
running += (student->testResults[i].mark);
}
//calculating the average;
average = (running)/counter;
return average;
}
void destroyStudent(Student * student)
{
delete [] (student->testResults);
(student->testResults)=0;
}
Subject subjectFactory(std::string name)
{
//Creating an object to use in subject factory
Subject lamp;
lamp.name = name;
lamp.numStudents = 0;
lamp.studentsAllocated = 0;
lamp.students = 0;
return lamp;
}
MY guess is that the error occurs because of an out of bounds array or an pointer not worked with correctly .
int getStudentIndex(Subject const * subject, std::string studentName)
{
int index;
int count = (subject->numStudents);
//loop to find the names and set index
for (size_t i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
if(studentName == ((subject->students[i].name)))
{
index = i;
}
else index = -1;
}
return index;
}
void addStudent(Subject * subject, std::string studentName)
{
//Variables as temps
Student *pointer =0;
int index = getStudentIndex(subject,studentName);
if(index != -1)
{
//Now we need to see if they are large enough
if((subject->studentsAllocated)==0)
{
//Set the allocated to 2
(subject->studentsAllocated) = 2;
pointer = new Student[2];
//Figure this out later
pointer[1] = studentFactrory(studentName);
(subject->students) = pointer;
}
else
{
//increase SA with 1.5
(subject->studentsAllocated) = (subject->studentsAllocated) * 1.5;
pointer = new Student[(subject->studentsAllocated)+1];
int count = (subject->studentsAllocated);
//Now we need to put all the other students in
for (size_t i = 0; i < count-1; i++)
{
pointer[i] = (subject->students[i]);
}
pointer[(subject->studentsAllocated)+1] = studentFactrory(studentName);
(subject->studentsAllocated) += 1 ;
}
//Once done just seet one equal to
(subject->students) = pointer;
}
else return;
}
void removeStudent(Subject * subject, std::string studentName)
{
//First get temps
int index = getStudentIndex(subject ,studentName);
int number = (subject->studentsAllocated);
int i = index;
//delete student
if(index == -1) return;
destroyStudent(&(subject->students)[index]);
//loop to shift the things
while (i<(number -1))
{
(subject->students)[i] = (subject-> students[i+1]);
}
//Removing the last one
(subject->numStudents) -= 1;
}
bool addTestResult(Subject * subject, std::string studentName, std::string testName, double testMark)
{
int index = getStudentIndex(subject ,studentName);
if(index != -1)
{
addTestResult(&(subject->students [index]),testName,testMark);
return true;
}
else
return false;
}
void printSubjectSummary(Subject const * subject)
{
cout<<(subject->name)<< ": with "<<(subject->numStudents)<<" students"<<endl;
//Variables to use in the loop
size_t indexLoop = subject->numStudents;
int i=0;
while (i< indexLoop)
{
cout<<(subject->students[i].name)<<" Average: "<<studentAverage(&(subject->students[i]))<<", Best: "<<studentBest(&(subject->students[i]))<<endl;
}
}
void destroySubject(Subject * subject)
{
//Variables
size_t indexLoop = subject->numStudents;
for (size_t i = 0; i < indexLoop; i++)
{
destroyStudent(&(subject->students[i]));
}
delete [] subject->students;
subject->students =0;
}
I can not seem to find where the segmentation error is coming from. Even restarted the whole assignment from scratch and still seem to get errors.
Can someone please help or indicate where the fault could be coming from.
Over here we have the structs.h file that is included in my code above
#ifndef STRUCTS_H
#define STRUCTS_H
struct TestResult{
double mark;//the test mark as a percentage
std::string name;//the test name
};
struct Student{
std::string name;
TestResult * testResults;//an arry of TestResults
size_t numTestResults;//the number of results for this student (also the size of the array)
};
struct Subject{
std::string name;
Student * students;//an array of Students
size_t numStudents;//the number of students added to the subject
size_t studentsAllocated;//the size of the Student arry(must never be smaller that numStudents)
};
#endif
There are so many logical errors in there that the root cause (or causes; there are quite a few candidates) could be pretty much anywhere.
getStudentIndex returns -1 unless the student is the last one in the array, and an indeterminate value for the first one you add, so adding the first student to a subject is undefined.
addStudent only adds a student if they're already taking the subject.
It also (for some inexplicable reason) allocates an array of two Students, leaving the first element uninitialised.
Using this first element is, of course, undefined.
In the other branch, it first claims that the number of allocated students is * 1.5, but then only allocates + 1.
This will undoubtedly lead to problems.
There is a recursion in addTestResult that will never terminate.
There are most likely other problems as well – this was just a quick glance.
Start with fixing these.
And do learn about constructors and destructors so you can get rid of those "factory" and "destroy" functions.

Dynamic Memory Allocation for Dictionary

Hi there I need to Build something like a dictionary and each word according to my code can have 100 meanings, but maybe it has only 5 meanings then I will be allocating 95 extra space for nothing or maybe it has more than 100 meanings then the program will crash, I know the vector class is very easy and could be good use of, but the task is almost building my own vector class, to learn how it works. Thus **meanings and some other stuff remain the same and here is my code, Also I know I am causing memory leakage, how can I delete properly? :
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
class Expression {
char *word_with_several_meanings; // like "bank", "class"
char **meanings; // a pointer to a pointer stores all meanings
int meanings_ctr; // meanings counter
//-----------FUNCTIONS------------------------------------------------
public:
void word( char* = NULL );
void add_meaning(char* = NULL);
char* get_word();
int get_total_number_of_meanings();
char* get_meaning(int meanx = 0);
Expression(int mctr = 0); // CTOR
~Expression(); // DTOR
};
Expression::Expression(int mctr ) {
meanings_ctr = mctr; // Setting the counter to 0
meanings = new char * [100]; // Allocate Space for 100 meanings
}
Expression::~Expression() {
delete [] meanings; // Deleting the memory we allocated
delete [] word_with_several_meanings; // Deleting the memory we allocated
}
void Expression::word( char *p2c )
{
word_with_several_meanings = new char[strlen(p2c)+1];
// copy the string, DEEP copy
strcpy(word_with_several_meanings, p2c);
}
void Expression::add_meaning(char *p2c)
{
//meanings = new char * [meanings_ctr+1];
meanings[meanings_ctr] = new char[strlen(p2c)+1];
strcpy(meanings[meanings_ctr++],p2c);
}
char * Expression::get_meaning( int meanx )
{
return *(meanings+meanx);
}
char * Expression::get_word()
{
return word_with_several_meanings;
}
int Expression::get_total_number_of_meanings()
{
return meanings_ctr;
}
int main(void) {
int i;
Expression expr;
expr.word("bank ");
expr.add_meaning("a place to get money from");
expr.add_meaning("b place to sit");
expr.add_meaning("4 letter word");
expr.add_meaning("Test meaning");
cout << expr.get_word() << endl;
for(int i = 0; i<expr.get_total_number_of_meanings(); i++)
cout << " " << expr.get_meaning(i) << endl;
Expression expr2;
expr2.word("class");
expr2.add_meaning("a school class");
expr2.add_meaning("a classification for a hotel");
expr2.add_meaning("Starts with C");
cout << expr2.get_word() << endl;
for( i = 0; i<expr2.get_total_number_of_meanings(); i++)
cout << " " << expr2.get_meaning(i) << endl;
Expression expr3;
expr3.word("A long test ... ");
char str[] = "Meaning_ ";
for (int kx=0;kx<26;kx++)
{
str[8] = (char) ('A'+kx);
expr3.add_meaning(str);
}
cout << expr3.get_word() << endl;
for(i = 0; i < expr3.get_total_number_of_meanings(); i++)
cout << " " << expr3.get_meaning(i) << endl;
return 0;
}
When you are allocating a multi dimensional array with new then you are allocating it with a loop, e.g.
char **x = new char*[size]
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
x[i] = new int[size];
}
So you also have to delete it in this fashion:
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
delete[] x[i];
}
delete[] x;
Thus when you're having arbitrary sizes of your array you'll have to store them somewhere for using them within the destructor.
delete [] meanings; // Deleting the memory we allocated
won't get rid of your memory allocated, only the pointers themselves.
To free up the actual memory, you will need to iterate through your meanings array, and delete [] each element in it.
Something like:
for (int i = 0; i < meanings_ctr; ++i)
{
delete [] meanings[meanings_ctr];
meanings[meanings_ctr] = NULL;
}
delete [] meanings;
--
For the problem of what to do if you get more than 100 meanings (or in general when your collection is full), the standard technique is to allocate a new array that is double the size (which you can do since it is dynamic), copy your existing collection into that one, and then dispose of your existing one.
I'd use a simple linked list (this is simplified, not complete and untested; also there should be proper getters/setters and stuff):
class Meaning {
char text[20];
Meaning *next;
Meaning(const char *text) : next(0) {
strcpy(this->text, text);
}
}
class Word {
char text[20];
Meaning *first;
Meaning *last;
Word(const char *text) : first(0), last(0) {
strcpy(this->text, text);
}
~Word() {
Meaning *m = first, *n;
while(m) {
n = m->next;
delete m;
m = n;
}
}
void AddMeaning(const char *text) {
if (last) {
last = last->next = new Meaning(text);
}
else {
first = last = new Meaning(text);
}
}
void print() {
printf("%s:\n\t", text);
Meaning *m = first;
while (m) {
printf("%s, ", m->text);
m = m->next;
}
}
}