How do I use UpdateView? - django

I have two, presumably related, problems with UpdateView. First, it is not updating the user but creating a new user object. Second, I cannot restrict the fields displayed in the form.
Here is my views.py:
class RegistrationView(FormView):
form_class = RegistrationForm
template_name = "register.html"
success_url = "/accounts/profile/"
def form_valid(self, form):
if form.is_valid:
user = form.save()
user = authenticate(username=user.username, password=form.cleaned_data['password1'])
login(self.request, user)
return super(RegistrationView, self).form_valid(form) #I still have no idea what this is
class UserUpdate(UpdateView):
model = User
form_class = RegistrationForm
fields = ['username', 'first_name']
template_name = "update.html"
success_url = "/accounts/profile/"
and urls.py
url(r'^create/$', RegistrationView.as_view(), name="create-user"),
url(r'^profile/(?P<pk>\d+)/edit/$', UserUpdate.as_view(), name="user-update"),
How do I properly use UpdateView?

Problem 1.
The user is not being updated because you are using the same form
(RegistrationForm) to do your updates and to create new users.
Problem 2. Forms belong in a file of their own called forms.py.
My suggested refactoring:
#forms.py
#place(forms.py) this in the same directory as views.py
class UpdateForm(forms.ModelForm):
#form for updating users
#the field you want to use should already be defined in the model
#so no need to add them here again DRY
class Meta:
model = User
fields = ('field1', 'field2', 'field3',)
#views.py
#import your forms
from .forms import UpdateForm
#also import your CBVs
from django.views.generic import UpdateView
class UserUpdate(UpdateView):
context_object_name = 'variable_used_in `update.html`'
form_class = UpdateForm
template_name = 'update.html'
success_url = 'success_url'
#get object
def get_object(self, queryset=None):
return self.request.user
#override form_valid method
def form_valid(self, form):
#save cleaned post data
clean = form.cleaned_data
context = {}
self.object = context.save(clean)
return super(UserUpdate, self).form_valid(form)
slightly elegant urls.py
#urls.py
#i'm assuming login is required to perform edit function
#in that case, we don't need to pass the 'id' in the url.
#we can just get the user instance
url(
regex=r'^profile/edit$',
view= UserUpdate.as_view(),
name='user-update'
),
You left out a lot of info so not really sure what your setup is.My solution is based on the assumption that you have Django 1.5. You can learn more about handling forms with CBVs

first: user = form.save() saves in the db the form. since there's no pk in the form it creates a new one.
what you have to do is probably to check if a user with that username exists and if not create it (for this part check google).
second: to restrict field you have to specify them in the Meta class of the Form (which you didn't show here) check this https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/forms/modelforms/#modelform.

If you are getting new objects in the database instead of updating existing ones then it is likely that you copied and pasted the template for new objects and forgot to change the form's action attribute. This should point to view that does the update either in the form of a hard-coded path or a URL tag ({% url '<name of URLconf>' object.id %).

Related

Why would object.pk be None in get_success_url in CreateView?

I have a CreateView to which after creation I'd like the user to be directed to the DetailView for that newly created instance.
class ModelCreateView(LoginRequiredMixin, CreateView):
model = Model
template_name = 'models/model-create-template.html'
In my get_success_url method, I use self.object.pk, but it is None.
def get_success_url(self):
return f'/model/{self.object.pk}'
class ModelCreateView(LoginRequiredMixin, CreateView):
model = Model
template_name = 'models/model-create-template.html'
def form_valid(self, form):
form.instance.user = self.request.user
return super().form_valid(form)
def get_success_url(self):
return f'/model/{self.object.pk}'
Model for reproduction:
class Model(models.Model):
id = models.IntegerField(primary_key=True)
Using this model with the code above will reproduce that self.object.pk or self.object.id is None within get_success_url.
I can see that I reach a successful save() since my post_save signals are firing, and form_valid() is called as well, since I update the user in this method.
When I look in my debugger at self.object, all of the other fields are populated, by id and pk are both None. Looking at the instance in admin, I can confirm these are actually being set correctly, but for some reason at the time of calling get_success_url I don't have access to this data.
Is the instance in self.object actually the created instance, or is it just representing the fields submitted by the CreateView form? If its the former, how could I access the instance in get_success_url?

django fill form field automatically from context data

I have a form attached to a DetailedView and its working fine when saved. I would like the form field(position) to be prepopulated with the value coming from the slug of the detailed view(e.g jobs/human-resource-manager). The Model of the form field has a Foreignkey to the JobPost model. Need help. Part of my view looks like this
class JobsDetailView(DetailView):
model = JobPost
template_name = 'job_post-detail.html'
def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
context = super(JobsDetailView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
context['position'] = JobPost.objects.order_by('position')
context['job_app_form'] = JobsForm()
return context
foms.py
from django import forms
from job_post.models import JobsApplied
class JobsForm(forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = JobsApplied
fields = '__all__'
def form_valid(self, form):
form.instance.customuser = self.request.user
return super().form_valid(form)
I'm assuming you do not want your users to be able to interact with or change these prefilled values.
I'm making a comments/review model and I want it to automatically link reviews to the people they are about
models.py
class Review(models.Model):
person = models.ForeignKey(Person, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
...
I hide the person field in the ReviewsForm to prevent user input by either omitting it from the 'fields' or adding it to an 'exclude'.
forms.py
class ReviewsForm(forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Review
fields = ('rating', 'summary', 'review_text')
Then, when processing the form in the view, I use commit=False so I can manipulate field values before saving to the database.
Include prefilled values, save and then redirect the user wherever is ideal
views.py
def person(request, area_slug, category_slug, person_id):
...
if form.is_valid():
pending_review = form.save(commit=False)
pending_review.person = Person.objects.get(pk = person_id)
pending_review.save()
return HttpResponseRedirect(...)
django fill form field automatically from context data for django form and django formsets
For formsets in forms.py
StoreRequestAccessoryUpdateFormSet = forms.modelformset_factory(StoreRequestAccessory, form=StoreRequestAccessoryUpdateForm, exclude=["storeRequestId"], can_delete=True)
In get_context_data you can add it as you like for django
class StoreRequestUpdateView(LoginRequiredMixin, UpdateView):
template_name = "Inventory/Stock/StoreRequest/StoreRequestUpdateView.html"
model = StoreRequest
fields = ["fromStoreId", "toStoreId", "reference", "status", "remark"]
def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
context = super(StoreRequestUpdateView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
print(self.object.pk)
context.update({
# "StoreRequestForm": context.get("form"),
"StoreRequestForm": StoreRequestUpdateForm(instance=StoreRequest.objects.get(id=self.object.pk)),
"StoreRequestAccessoryForm": StoreRequestAccessoryUpdateFormSet(
queryset=StoreRequestAccessory.objects.filter(storeRequestId=self.object.pk),
prefix="storereq_accessory_form"),
})
return context

Django UpdateView - get initial data from many-to-many field and add them when saving form

I'm using Django class based generic view. In my models.py I have a model called MyModel with many-to-many field called m2m. I have multiple groups of users they can edit the m2m field. Each group of users can only see and add their portion to the field - using get_form to set what they can see in the m2m field. The problem I'm having is that when one user enter his record it will delete the initial records in the m2m field. I need to somehow get the initial values from the m2m field save them and then add them to the new ones when the form is submitted. Here is my views.py:
class MyModelUpdate(UpdateView):
model = MyModel
fields = ['m2m']
def get_initial(self):
return initials
def get_form(self, form_class=None):
form = super(MyModelUpdate, self).get_form(form_class)
form.fields["m2m"].queryset = DiffModel.objects.filter(user = self.request.user)
return form
def form_valid(self, form):
form.instance.m2m.add( ??? add the initial values)
return super(MyModelUpdate, self).form_valid(form)
def get_success_url(self):
...
I'm adding this answer to offer a simplified explanation of this kind of problem, and also because the OP switches from an UpdateView to a function based view in his solution, which might not be what some users are looking for.
If you are using UpdateView for a model that has a ManyToMany field, but you are not displaying it to the user because you just want this data to be left alone, after saving the form all the m2m values will be erased.
That's obviously because Django expects this field to be included in the form, and not including it is the same as just sending it empty, therefore, to tell Django to delete all ManyToMany relationships.
In that simple case, you don't need to define the form_valid and then retrieve the original values and so on, you just need to tell Django not to expect this field.
So, if that's you view:
class ProjectFormView(generic.UpdateView):
model = Project
form_class = ProjectForm
template_name = 'project.html'
In your form, exclude the m2m field:
class ProjectForm(forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Project
fields = '__all__'
exclude = ['many_to_many_field']
after few days of searching and coding I've found a solution.
views.py:
from itertools import chain
from .forms import MyForm,
def MyModelUpdate(request, pk):
template_name = 'mytemplate.html'
instance = MyModel.objects.get(pk = pk)
instance_m2m = instance.m2m.exclude(user=request.user)
if request.method == "GET":
form = MyForm(instance=instance, user=request.user)
return render(request, template_name, {'form':form})
else:
form = MyForm(request.POST or None, instance=instance, user=request.user)
if form.is_valid():
post = form.save(commit=False)
post.m2m = chain(form.cleaned_data['m2m'], instance_m2m)
post.save()
return redirect(...)
forms.py:
from django import forms
from .models import MyModel
class MyForm(forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = MyModel
fields = ['m2m']
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
current_user = kwargs.pop('user')
super(MyForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
self.fields['m2m'].queryset = self.fields['m2m'].queryset.filter(user=current_user)

Django using a form with an ImageField and a User

In Django, the user can upload a comment with the image.
from sorl.thumbnail import ImageField
class Comment(models.Model):
count_votes = models.Integer(default=0)
user = models.ForeignKey(User)
thumb = ImageField(upload_to="thumbnails")
# ...
This is what I am trying to do :
# views.py
def add_comment(request):
if request.method == 'POST' and request.user.is_authenticated():
comment = Comment(user=request.user)
form = CommentForm(request.POST, request.FILES, instance=comment)
if form.is_valid():
form.save()
# ...
# forms.py
class CommentForm(forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Comment
But there are some errors :
none of the fields are filled
the count_votes is not defaulted to 0 as I would like to
the user is not taken into account either
the image is said to be empty too
How can I achieve that ? I have read many questions on SO and tried various other things, like fill in things in the __init__ of the form, use initial instead of instance, ...
First, make sure in your template you have enctype="multipart/form-data" in your <form> tag, otherwise the image file will not get uploaded and your form will not validate (and thus, nothing will be added to the database).
In addition, you need to fix your views. Start by using the login_required decorator so that your view is restricted to logged-in users, and then fix your form logic:
from django.shortcuts import redirect, render
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
#login_required
def add_comment(request):
form = CommentForm(request.POST or None, request.FILES or None)
if form.is_valid():
obj = form.save(commit=False) # create the record, but don't save it
obj.user = request.user # add the user from the request
obj.save() # now save the record
return redirect('/')
return render(request, 'template.html', {'form': form})
Finally, in your form exclude the user because you will be adding it later. In fact, your form should just have the comment and image field. You don't need to include the count_votes field because it already has a default value; unless you want the user to modify this field.
class CommentForm(forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Comment
fields = ('thumb', 'comment',)

How do I set user field in form to the currently logged in user?

I'm making an election information app, and I want to allow the currently logged-in user to be able to declare himself and only himself as a candidate in an election.
I'm using Django's built-in ModelForm and CreateView. My problem is that the Run for Office form (in other words, the 'create candidate' form) allows the user to select any user in the database to make a candidate.
I want the user field in the Run for Office to be automatically set to the currently logged-in user, and for this value to be hidden, so the logged-in user cannot change the value of the field to someone else.
views.py
class CandidateCreateView(CreateView):
model = Candidate
form_class = CandidateForm
template_name = 'candidate_create.html'
def form_valid(self, form):
f = form.save(commit=False)
f.save()
return super(CandidateCreateView, self).form_valid(form)
forms.py
class CandidateForm(forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Candidate
models.py
class Candidate(models.Model):
user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile)
office = models.ForeignKey(Office)
election = models.ForeignKey(Election)
description = models.TextField()
def __unicode__(self):
return unicode(self.user)
def get_absolute_url(self):
return reverse('candidate_detail', kwargs={'pk': str(self.id)})
Remove user field from rendered form (using exclude or fields, https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/forms/modelforms/#selecting-the-fields-to-use )
class CandidateForm(forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Candidate
exclude = ["user"]
Find user profile and set user field in the create view.
class CandidateCreateView(CreateView):
...
def form_valid(self, form):
candidate = form.save(commit=False)
candidate.user = UserProfile.objects.get(user=self.request.user) # use your own profile here
candidate.save()
return HttpResponseRedirect(self.get_success_url())
Assumptions
We don't want to set null=True becaues we don't want to allow null users at the model and/or database level
We don't want to set blank=True to mess with the readability of model because the user actually will not be blank
#nbm.ten solution is a good one. It has an advantages over other 'solutions'to this problem that utilized model to set the user (like this one) in nbm.ten's doesn't undermine the assumptions above. We don't want to mess with the model to fix a problem in view!
But here I add two other solutions based on django documentation (Models and request.user):
Two other solutions
1. Using the generic CreateView
from django.contrib.auth.mixins import LoginRequiredMixin
from django.views.generic.edit import CreateView
from myapp.models import Candidate
class CandidateCreate(LoginRequiredMixin, CreateView):
model = Candidate
exclude = ['user']
def form_valid(self, form):
form.instance.user = self.request.user
return super().form_valid(form)
2. Using class-based views
class CandidateForm(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Candidate
exclude = [ 'user',]
class CandidateAddView(LoginRequiredMixin, View):
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
form = CandidateForm()
context = {'form':form}
return render(request, 'myapp/addcandidateview.html', context)
def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
form = CandidateForm(request.POST)
form.instance.user = request.user
if form.is_valid():
form.save()
return redirect(reverse('myapp:index'))
NOTES
Note that LoginRequiredMixin prevents users who aren’t logged in from accessing the form. If we omit that, we'll need to handle unauthorized users in form_valid() or post().
Also exclude = ['user'] prevents the user field to be shown on the form.
We used form.instance.user to set the user not form.data or form.cleaned_data they don't work