i just write a fuzzy code with a fuzzylogic library(eFLL library). I used it in a linux environment and try to compile it with g++. i unziped the library in the g++ path. but these errors come to me and i do not know what are these for. i make a Makefile and try to solve the problem but nothing well happend. does anyone know how can i solve this problem?
a part of code is like this:
include <iostream.h>
#include "../FuzzyRule.h"
#include "../FuzzyComposition.h"
#include "../Fuzzy.h"
void setup(){
Fuzzy* fuzzy = new Fuzzy();
FuzzyInput* Threat = new FuzzyInput(1);
FuzzySet* lowThreat = new FuzzySet::FuzzySet(0, 1.875, 1.875, 3.75),
a part of errors are like this:
fuzzycode2.cpp:(.text+0x23): undefined reference to `Fuzzy::Fuzzy()'
fuzzycode2.cpp:(.text+0x61): undefined reference to
`FuzzyInput::FuzzyInput(int)'
fuzzycode2.cpp:(.text+0xbb): undefined reference to
`FuzzySet::FuzzySet(float, float, float, float)'
fuzzycode2.cpp:(.text+0xed): undefined reference to
`FuzzyIO::addFuzzySet(FuzzySet*)'
fuzzycode2.cpp:(.text+0x129): undefined reference to
`FuzzySet::FuzzySet(float, float, float, float)'
Including the headers into the C++ files isn't enough. You also need to specify the library file and possibly its location while linking, e.g.:
g++ your-files-go-here -o some-name -Llocation-of-the-library -llibrary-name
Looking at the page of this particular "library" it seems it consists of just a bunch of object files which you would need to put together into a library or include explicitly while linking.
Related
I'd like to try the AsmJit library. Building it with 'cmake' and 'make' from source was no problem, the examples it provided were all compiled and executed perfectly. I also did make install to export the dependency files.
I then wanted to compile my own program using this library, so I retrieved the generated files (the headers and the static lib) to add them to a new project whose the code is a copy/paste of the first example given on the library's website:
// #define ASMJIT_NO_DEPRECATED // this line is no part of the original code
#include <asmjit/asmjit.h>
#include <stdio.h>
using namespace asmjit;
// Signature of the generated function.
typedef int (*Func)(void);
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
JitRuntime rt; // Runtime designed for JIT code execution.
CodeHolder code; // Holds code and relocation information.
code.init(rt.environment()); // Initialize CodeHolder to match JIT environment.
x86::Assembler a(&code); // Create and attach x86::Assembler to `code`.
a.mov(x86::eax, 1); // Move one to 'eax' register.
a.ret(); // Return from function.
// ----> x86::Assembler is no longer needed from here and can be destroyed <----
Func fn;
Error err = rt.add(&fn, &code); // Add the generated code to the runtime.
if (err) return 1; // Handle a possible error returned by AsmJit.
// ----> CodeHolder is no longer needed from here and can be destroyed <----
int result = fn(); // Execute the generated code.
printf("%d\n", result); // Print the resulting "1".
// All classes use RAII, all resources will be released before `main()` returns,
// the generated function can be, however, released explicitly if you intend to
// reuse or keep the runtime alive, which you should in a production-ready code.
rt.release(fn);
return 0;
}
This is what the hierarchy of my test project looks like:
include\
asmjit\ // The generated headers from the library build
libasmjit.a // The generated static library from the library build
main.cpp // My program's code, as pasted above
And here is the command line used to compile:
g++ main.cpp -o main -Iinclude -L -lasmjit
A first compilation error occurs:
In file included from include/asmjit/./core.h:2008,
from include/asmjit/asmjit.h:27,
from main.cpp:1:
include/asmjit/././core/builder.h:375:20: error: function 'asmjit::Error asmjit::BaseBuilder::dump(asmjit::String&, uint32_t) const' definition is marked dllimport
375 | ASMJIT_API Error dump(String& sb, uint32_t formatFlags = 0) const noexcept {
| ^~~~
After some research in the lib code, defining the ASMJIT_NO_DEPRECATED macro (see in the code above, the first commented line) prevents this error from being reproduced. I doubt this is a good idea, as it may be the cause of the following next link errors:
C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.1.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\<my user name>\AppData\Local\Temp\cc4WaQ7J.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x35): undefined reference to `__imp__ZN6asmjit10JitRuntimeC1EPKNS_12JitAllocator12CreateParamsE'
C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.1.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\<my user name>\AppData\Local\Temp\cc4WaQ7J.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x45): undefined reference to `__imp__ZN6asmjit10CodeHolderC1Ev'
C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.1.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\<my user name>\AppData\Local\Temp\cc4WaQ7J.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x6e): undefined reference to `__imp__ZN6asmjit10CodeHolder4initERKNS_11EnvironmentEy'
C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.1.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\<my user name>\AppData\Local\Temp\cc4WaQ7J.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x82): undefined reference to `__imp__ZN6asmjit3x869AssemblerC1EPNS_10CodeHolderE'
C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.1.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\<my user name>\AppData\Local\Temp\cc4WaQ7J.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x11f): undefined reference to `__imp__ZN6asmjit3x869AssemblerD1Ev'
C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.1.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\<my user name>\AppData\Local\Temp\cc4WaQ7J.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x12f): undefined reference to `__imp__ZN6asmjit10CodeHolderD1Ev'
C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.1.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\<my user name>\AppData\Local\Temp\cc4WaQ7J.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x142): undefined reference to `__imp__ZN6asmjit10JitRuntimeD1Ev'
C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.1.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\<my user name>\AppData\Local\Temp\cc4WaQ7J.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x159): undefined reference to `__imp__ZN6asmjit3x869AssemblerD1Ev'
C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.1.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\<my user name>\AppData\Local\Temp\cc4WaQ7J.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x169): undefined reference to `__imp__ZN6asmjit10CodeHolderD1Ev'
C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.1.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\<my user name>\AppData\Local\Temp\cc4WaQ7J.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x17c): undefined reference to `__imp__ZN6asmjit10JitRuntimeD1Ev'
C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.1.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\<my user name>\AppData\Local\Temp\cc4WaQ7J.o:main.cpp:(.text$_ZN6asmjit11BaseEmitter4emitIJRKNS_3x862GpEiEEEjjDpOT_[_ZN6asmjit11BaseEmitter4emitIJRKNS_3x862GpEiEEEjjDpOT_]+0x4c): undefined reference to `__imp__ZN6asmjit11BaseEmitter6_emitIEjRKNS_8Operand_ES3_'
C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.1.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\<my user name>\AppData\Local\Temp\cc4WaQ7J.o:main.cpp:(.text$_ZN6asmjit11BaseEmitter4emitIJEEEjjDpOT_[_ZN6asmjit11BaseEmitter4emitIJEEEjjDpOT_]+0x1b): undefined reference to `__imp__ZN6asmjit11BaseEmitter6_emitIEj'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
I couldn't find a way to prevent the first error from occurring, except by defining this macro, and I also don't understand why the link editor can't find the references. I have also tried placing these dependencies (headers + static lib) in the appropriate MinGW directories (i.e. the global include and lib directories), but this does not change anything.
How do I compile this program, which is quite simple? I would also like to know why what I did didn't work, knowing the cause of this mistake, I will probably be able to deal with others of the same style in the future.
PS: I don't have much experience with managing external dependencies in C and C++. I am under Windows, using MinGW and the last version of GCC.
You are missing ASMJIT_STATIC compile-time definition - it has to be defined if you use AsmJit statically. This definition is checked at compile time by AsmJit to setup ASMJIT_API macro, which expands to a compiler-specific import/export/visibility attribute.
AsmJit documentation (Build Instructions section) says [1]:
Projects that use AsmJit statically must define ASMJIT_STATIC in all compilation units that use AsmJit, otherwise AsmJit would use dynamic library imports in ASMJIT_API decorator. The recommendation is to define this macro across the whole project that uses AsmJit this way.
So in your particular case this should fix the problem:
g++ main.cpp -o main -Iinclude -L. -lasmjit -DASMJIT_STATIC
NOTE: The documentation link purposely links to the index page so it won't be a dead link once the documentation is reorganized.
[1] https://asmjit.com/doc/index.html
Here's my issue:
In my project, I have a class called Match. Now, I would like to use somebody else's code to compare their results. They, unfortunately, also have a class called Match.
OK, so I thought I'd do:
namespace MonteCarlo {
#include "monte-carlo/match.hpp"
}
I appreciate that this is not best practice, but I really just want to test the output for now rather than rewrite everything in new namespaces.
Then, I made a shared library out of his code, and linked it:
LIBPATHS = -L mysql_connector/lib/ -Lmonte-carlo/lib
LIBS = -l mysqlcppconn -l boost_date_time -l boost_iostream boost_system -l boost_filesystem -l MonteCarloTennis
But when I build, I get:
evaluator.cc:139: undefined reference to `MonteCarlo::Match::Match(double, double, double, double, bool, bool)'
evaluator.cc:140: undefined reference to `MonteCarlo::Match::play_match()'
But in the library, using nm, I see:
0000000000001286 T Match::Match(double, double, double, double, bool, bool)
0000000000001286 T Match::Match(double, double, double, double, bool, bool)
I am really new to libraries, so I could really use your advice. Am I getting this linker error because my library is not linking correctly, or because I wrapped the Match class in the namespace and thus the two functions in the library are not found?
Thank you to Joachim Pileborg for providing the answer!
Wrapping the #include in a namespace meant the linker couldn't find the corresponding function in the library. I have now fixed the issue by putting my colleague's code into namespaces.
So a very simple error, but there was so much that could have gone wrong (my first time building a library!) that it was really helpful to get Joachim's advice. Thanks again!
Can someone please explain how to use libcurl with C++ on Windows with Eclipse CDT/Code::Blocks or a similar IDE?
I'm very new to C++ but I know my way around Java very well.
I'm using MinGW but I keep getting this error:
C:\Core\src>g++ -I"C:\curl\include\curl" -L"C:\curl\lib64" -lcurldll core.cpp -o
core.exe
C:\Users\Bob\AppData\Local\Temp\cc2BV0HI.o:core.cpp:(.text+0xc81): undefined
reference to `_imp__curl_easy_init'
C:\Users\Bob\AppData\Local\Temp\cc2BV0HI.o:core.cpp:(.text+0xca7): undefined
reference to `_imp__curl_easy_setopt'
C:\Users\Bob\AppData\Local\Temp\cc2BV0HI.o:core.cpp:(.text+0xcc4): undefined
reference to `_imp__curl_easy_setopt'
C:\Users\Bob\AppData\Local\Temp\cc2BV0HI.o:core.cpp:(.text+0xcd1): undefined
reference to `_imp__curl_easy_perform'
C:\Users\Bob\AppData\Local\Temp\cc2BV0HI.o:core.cpp:(.text+0xce1): undefined
reference to `_imp__curl_easy_cleanup
What I've Tried:
If I give the wrong library path/name it will tell me that it can not find the library. So clearly it FOUND the libcurldll.a/libcurl.a files but it isn't linking with them properly.
I've tried putting the actual libcurl.dll file from the bin into every source folder possible in my project.
I've tried going to C/C++ General > Paths and Symbols then added "curl" and "curldll" to libraries and "C:\curl\lib64" to the library search path.
I've tried manually adding the -lcurl, -lcurldll, -DCURL_STATICLIB, -L"C:\curl\lib64" options to the MinGW Linker tool.
This has been stumping me for days. Please help.
I am getting a compile error trying to compile a simple tester program from the documentation.
C:\DOCUME~1\A\LOCALS~1\Temp\ccRsXzHu.o:tester.cpp:(.text+0xa6): undefined reference to `_imp___ZN5boost6thread4joinEv'
C:\DOCUME~1\A\LOCALS~1\Temp\ccRsXzHu.o:tester.cpp:(.text+0xb4): undefined reference to `_imp___ZN5boost6threadD1Ev'
C:\DOCUME~1\A\LOCALS~1\Temp\ccRsXzHu.o:tester.cpp:(.text+0xcf): undefined reference to `_imp___ZN5boost6threadD1Ev'
C:\DOCUME~1\A\LOCALS~1\Temp\ccRsXzHu.o:tester.cpp: (.text$_ZN5boost11this_thread18interruptible_waitEy[boost::this_thread::interruptible_wait( unsigned long long)]+0x4a): undefined reference to `_imp___ZN5boost11this_thread18interruptible_waitEPvNS_6detail7timeoutE'
C:\DOCUME~1\A\LOCALS~1\Temp\ccRsXzHu.o:tester.cpp: (.text$_ZN5boost6threadC1IPFvvEEET_NS_10disable_ifINS_14is_convertibleIRS4_NS_6detail13thre ad_move_tIS4_EEEEPNS0_5dummyEE4typeE[boost::thread::thread<void (*)()>(void (*)(), boost::disable_if<boost::is_convertible<void (*&)(), boost::detail::thread_move_t<void (*)()> >, boost::thread::dummy*>::type)]+0x23): undefined reference to `_imp___ZN5boost6thread12start_threadEv'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
I am using mingw 4.5 and g++ 4.5.2 on windows. Boost version v1.4.8.
I hope someone can help me solve this problem.
Thanks.
It looks like you aren't linking to the boost libraries.
Boost doesn't come with windows since it isn't a standard library. You've got to download the headers and libraries, then include the headers in your project and link to the libraries at compile time. Since you're using g++, this means adding a -l line to your compile command. The -l line must be used with each specific library you want to use also, you can't just specify the boost directory.
This page will help you get started on Windows and this page will help you get started on *nix platforms.
Once you've compiled boost, then in your example, you should compile your program with
g++ -o tester.exe -Lpath/to/boost/libraries/ -lboost_thread tester.c
Make sure you've got all your libraries linked properly.
Try putting this line first if your thread library is statically defined
#define BOOST_THREAD_USE_LIB
Also, check out this thread.
I'm a novice at C++. Be patient if this is incoherent. I'm called upon to build a large system on linux that was originally built on OS X, where it works fine. The original authors are no longer with the company. The build system makes use of autotools, but there are also some hand made Makefiles which walk through the system calling the auto-made Makefiles. I've managed to get all of the c++ code compiled. The build system also uses libtools, and shared libraries are produced and deposited in /usr/local/lib.
So now I'd like to use these libraries. I've written a short program that simply instantiates an object of class ds_dictionary and calls one of its methods. Here it is:
#include <iostream>
#include <DSUtils/DSUtils.h>
int main (int argc, char * const argv[]) {
int32_t integer_data=123;
char key_alice_integer[] = "alice_integer";
ds_dictionary my_dict;
my_dict.add_int(key_alice_integer, integer_data);
return 0;
}
I compile this with
g++ -lDSUtils -o main my_test_code.cpp
With the result:
//usr/local/lib/libDSUtils.so: undefined reference to `ds_breakdown_from_time_interval'
//usr/local/lib/libDSUtils.so: undefined reference to `ds_date_breakdown_with_string'
//usr/local/lib/libDSUtils.so: undefined reference to `ds_seconds_duration_of_interval'
... (about 25 lines like these)
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
Let's look inside the library:
garyp#VM:/usr/local/lib$ nm libDSUtils.so | grep ds_breakdown_from_time
U ds_breakdown_from_time_interval
The "U" in the line above ... does that mean that the library wasn't built correctly?
Am I calling g++ correctly?
Do I have to put something in the code to tell it that I'm using functions found in that library?
What are possible errors? Where should I start poking around?
EDIT:
Aha. The library DSUtils is built from several c++ sources. There is one c program in the source, and it contains all of the problem functions. The Makefile system doesn't deal at all with that one c file. That c program compiles. Ideally I suppose I'd figure out how to modify the Makefile to compile that file and add it to the library, but I'm not to the point where I can figure out how to do that.
Can I add the .o file to the existing library? How? Create a library with one file? etc?
EDIT_2: I simply did
g++ -o main -lDSUtils main.o my_new_objectfile.o
and the thing compiles, links, and runs without error. Should that work? After fixing a logic bug, it does work.
This
U ds_breakdown_from_time_interval
tells me that ds_breakdown_from_time_interval will be resolved by another library during runtime. So I am guessing you need to link to the library that defines ds_breakdown_from_time_interval.