Making an RPG and want the currency to be represented in platinum, gold, silver and copper. Unfortunately, my professor wants the currency stored as a string (i.e. string class, not cStrings). For example -- 0.1.23.15 would be 0 platinum, 1 gold, 23 silver and 15 copper.
I would just like to know the big idea of how to implement this. For example -- could I use strtok (i.e. I believe this only works on cStrings) or some other C++ function to accomplish this?
Here's one solution:
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
string str="0.1.23.15",temp;
stringstream s(str);
vector<int> v;
while(getline(s,temp,'.'))
{
v.push_back(stoi(temp));
}
for(int i: v) cout << i << endl;//C++11 style
//for(int i=0; i<v.size(); i++) cout << v[i] << endl; //Old school :D
system("pause");
return 0;
}
Related
I am writing a program to resolve the request:
Count the number of match sticks used to create numbers in each test case
Although it is a simple problem, the thing that makes me quite confusing is that the program has no error but the output is not as expected.
Source Code:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
map<char,int> digits={
{'0',6},{'1',2},{'2',5},{'3',5},{'4',4},{'5',5},{'6',6},{'7',3},{'8',7},{'9',6}
};
map<char,int> peterMap;
int t; cin >> t;
string peterNum[t];
for(string &a:peterNum) cin >> a;
for(string b:peterNum){
int sticks = 0;
string tomNum, n;
for(char c:b) ++peterMap[c];
for(auto d:peterMap) sticks += d.second*digits[d.first];
cout << sticks << ' ';
}
return 0;
}
Input:
5 (Number of test cases)
1 0 5 10 15
Output:
2 8 13 21 28
Expected Output:
2 6 5 8 7
There are 3 problems with your code
don't use <bits/stdc++.h>, it is non-standard and promotes bad practice.
variable-length arrays are not standard C++, use std::vector instead. But this is actually not necessary in this case, because...
peterMap is completely unnecessary and needs to be removed, it is screwing up your result.
Try this instead:
#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main() {
map<char,int> digits = {
{'0',6},{'1',2},{'2',5},{'3',5},{'4',4},{'5',5},{'6',6},{'7',3},{'8',7},{'9',6}
};
int t; cin >> t;
for (int i = 0; i < t; ++i) {
string a; cin >> a;
int sticks = 0;
for(char ch : a) sticks += digits[ch];
cout << sticks << ' ';
}
return 0;
}
Online Demo
Problem is here:
for(char c:b) ++peterMap[c]; // <<--here
for(auto d:peterMap) sticks += d.second*digits[d.first];
You are increasing number in map and use it in next statement without reseting for next input entry.
But there are several problems with your code:
Don't use #include <bits/stdc++.h>. I hate hackerrank for using this in their solution template.
Using string peterNum[t]; is not standard as mentioned in comments.
From my point of view, you don't need to use std::map for peterMap at least. Just iterate over characters of each string.
I've recently started learning programming using the C++ language. I wrote a simple program that is supposed to reverse a string which I compile in the Terminal using gcc/g++.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
string reverse_string(string str)
{
string newstring = "";
int index = -1;
while (str.length() != newstring.length())
{
newstring.append(1, str[index]);
index -= 1;
}
return newstring;
}
int main()
{
string x;
cout << "Type something: "; cin >> x;
string s = reverse_string(x);
cout << s << endl;
return 0;
}
I've rewritten it multiple times but I always get the same output:
Type something: banana
��
Has anyone had a problem like this or know how to fix it?
Your code initializes index to -1, and then uses str[index] but a negative index has no rational meaning in C++. Try instead initializing it like so:
index = str.length() - 1;
I can see several issues with your code. Firstly, you are initializing index to -1, and then decrementing it. Maybe you meant auto index = str.length()-1;?
I recommend you look at std::reverse, which will do the job you're after.
Your main function then becomes:
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
string x;
cout << "Type something: ";
cin >> x;
reverse(x.begin(), x.end());
cout << x << endl;
return 0;
}
If you really want to write your own reverse function, I recommend iterators over array indices. See std::reverse_iterator for another approach.
Note, the above will simply reverse the order of bytes within the string. Whilst this is fine for ASCII, it will not work for multi-byte encodings, such as UTF-8.
You should use a memory debugger like valgrind.
It's a good practice to scan your binary with it, and will make you save so much time.
I want to get a count of highest number of digits from an array of decimal numbers.
For example, between 2.1 and 2.01, the resultant counter should be 2 since there are 2 digits after 2.01.
Can anyone please help me with this?
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
double z[100],x[100],sml;
int count=0,i=0,n;
cout<<"ENter number of elements\n";
cin>>n;
cout<<"Enter the numbers\n";
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
cin>>z[i];
}
x[0]=z[0]-int(z[0]);
i=0;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
while(z[i]>=0.001&&i<n)
{
x[i]=z[i]-int(z[i]);
i++;
}
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
cout<<x[i]<<"\t";
}
sml=x[0];
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
if(sml>x[i])
sml=x[i];
sml=sml-int(sml);
while(sml>=0.001)
{
sml=sml*10;
count++;
sml=sml-int(sml);
}
cout<<endl<<count;
return 0;
}
It's not impossible, it should be pretty easy actually. Cast it to a string, get the substring of the results starting at the decimal and count the result.
For this you will need to look up:
-casting
-indexof
-substring
If you give it a try and can't figure out comment and I will offer you a little more guidance but you should try it yourself first.
EDIT:
I don't see much of an attempt to do what I suggested, it looks like you just posted the code you had. So here is some pseudo code for you to work with:
string stringNum = to_string(decimalNum);
int decimalPos = stringNum.find(".");
string newString = stringNum.substr(decimalPos);
int answer = newString.length();
I pretty well answered it for you, you need to figure out the syntax.
just go ahead and use this:
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main(){
float number[] = {1.234,5.64,2.001,7.11112,3.999};
int a,numAfterDecimal = 0;
for(a=0;a<sizeof(number)/sizeof(*number);a++){
ostringstream buff;
buff<<number[a];
string numStr= buff.str();
int pos = numStr.find(".");
string floatStr = numStr.substr(pos+1);
if(a == 0){
numAfterDecimal = floatStr.length();
}
else if(floatStr.length() > numAfterDecimal){
numAfterDecimal = floatStr.length();
}
}
cout << " higest number of digit after decimal is:"<< numAfterDecimal <<endl ;
}
Answer is already accepted. But just for the fun of it. Here a solution using C++ algorithms.
This will reduce the number of statements in main drastically.
Maybe it helps you to better understand modern C++
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>
#include <vector>
inline size_t getNumberOfDigitsForFraction(const std::string& s)
{
size_t positionOfDecimalPoint = s.find("."); // Look for decimal point
// And count the numbers of digits after the decimal point
return positionOfDecimalPoint == std::string::npos ? 0 : s.substr(positionOfDecimalPoint+1).size();
}
int main()
{
std::cout << "Enter the number of elements that you want to check: ";
size_t numberOfElementsToCheck{0};
// Read how many data the user wants to process
std::cin >> numberOfElementsToCheck;
// Hier we will store the values
std::vector<std::string> elements(numberOfElementsToCheck);
// Copy all wanted values from std::cin
std::copy_n(std::istream_iterator<std::string>(std::cin),numberOfElementsToCheck,elements.begin());
// Get the Element with maximum digits and print the number of digits
std::cout << "Max number of digits following decimal point: " <<
getNumberOfDigitsForFraction(
*std::max_element(elements.begin(), elements.end(),
[](const std::string &sLeft, const std::string &sRight)
{ return getNumberOfDigitsForFraction(sLeft) < getNumberOfDigitsForFraction(sRight);} )) << '\n';
return 0;
}
So I'm trying to force a preceding 0 to an int so it can be processed later on. Now, all the tutorials i've seen on SO, or any other website, all use something similar to this:
cout << setfill('0') << setw(2) << x ;
Whilst this is great, i can only seem to get it to work with cout, however, I don't want to output my text, i just want the number padded, for later use.
So far, this is my code..
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <iomanip>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <vector>
#include <sstream>
/*
using std::string;
using std::cout;
using std::setprecision;
using std::fixed;
using std::scientific;
using std::cin;
using std::vector;
*/
using namespace std;
void split(const string &str, vector<string> &splits, size_t length = 1)
{
size_t pos = 0;
splits.clear(); // assure vector is empty
while(pos < str.length()) // while not at the end
{
splits.push_back(str.substr(pos, length)); // append the substring
pos += length; // and goto next block
}
}
int main()
{
int int_hour;
vector<string> vec_hour;
vector<int> vec_temp;
cout << "Enter Hour: ";
cin >> int_hour;
stringstream str_hour;
str_hour << int_hour;
cout << "Hour Digits:" << endl;
split(str_hour.str(), vec_hour, 1);
for(int i = 0; i < vec_hour.size(); i++)
{
int_hour = atoi(vec_hour[i].c_str());
printf( "%02i", int_hour);
cout << "\n";
}
return 0;
}
The idea being to input an int, then cast it to a stringstream to be split into single characters, then back to an integer. However, anything less than the number 10 (<10), I need to be padded with a 0 on the left.
Thanks guys
EDIT:
The code you see above is only a snippet of my main code, this is the bit im trying to make work.
Alot of people are having trouble understanding what i mean. so, here's my idea. Okay, so the entire idea of the project is to take user input (time (hour, minute) day(numeric, month number), etc). Now, i need to break those numbers down into corresponding vectors (vec_minute, vec_hour, etc) and then use the vectors to specify filenames.. so like:
cout << vec_hour[0] << ".png";
cout << vec_hour[1] << ".png";
Now, i know i can use for loops to handle the output of vectors, i just need help breaking down the input into individual characters. Since i ask users to input all numbers as 2 digits, anything under the number 10 (numbers preceding with a 0), wont split into to digits because the program automatically removes its preceding 0 before the number gets passed to the split method (ie. you enter 10, your output will be 10, you enter 0\n9, and your output will be a single digit 9). I cant have this, i need to pad the any number less than 10 with a 0 before it gets passed to the split method, therefore it will return 2 split digits. I cast the integers into stringstreams because thats the best way for splitting data types i found (incase you were wondering).
Hope i explained everything alot better :/
If I understand correctly your question, you can just use those manipulators with a stringstream, for instance:
std::stringstream str_hour;
str_hour << setfill('0') << setw(2) << int_hour;
String streams are output streams, so I/O manipulators affect them the same way they affect the behavior of std::cout.
A complete example:
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
int main()
{
std::stringstream ss;
ss << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << 10; // Prints 10
ss << " - ";
ss << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << 5; // Prints 05
std::cout << ss.str();
}
And the corresponding live example.
int and other numeric types store values. Sticking a 0 in front of an integer value does not change the value. It's only when you convert it to a text representation that adding a leading 0 changes what you have, because you've changed the text representation by inserting an additional character.
X-Y Problem, I think
for ( int i = 0; i < POWER_OF_TEN; i++ )
{
vector<int>.push_back(num%10);
num /= 10
}
?
Then reverse the vector if you want
yes i know this is not real code
if you really want characters, vector<char>.push_back(num%10 + '0')?
Using following console application i am converting each string to uppercase letters. But string value in output remains unchanged. what I am doing wrong here. Also any help on doing this efficiently would be appreciated.Thanks for your help.
int main()
{
vector<string> svec, svec_out;
string word;
int run;
cout << "Press 0 to quit giving input string" << endl;
while(1)
{
cin >> word;
svec.push_back(word);
cin >> run;
if (!run)
break;
}
cout << "converting to upper case... " << endl;
int i;
for (i = 0; i!=svec.size(); ++i)
{
word = svec[i];
for (string::size_type j=0; j < word.size(); ++j)
{
toupper(word[j]);
}
svec_out.push_back(word);
}
for ( i = 0; i<svec_out.size(); i++)
cout << svec_out[i] << endl;
return 0;
}
toupper will return the uppercase value instead of modifying the value in-place. As such your code should read:
word[j] = toupper(word[j]);
A simple reminder (more than an answer): calling ::toupper with
a type char is undefined behavior (even if most implementations
try to make it work most of the time). The global ::toupper
function requires an int in input, and that int must be in the
range [0, UCHAR_MAX] or be equal to EOF (usually -1). If plain
char is signed (the most frequent case), you will end up calling
::toupper with negative values.
Ok I got the problem. miss the toupper() method's return value
I think you should assign the toUpper value to your word
word[j] = toupper(word[j]);
That should do.
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
transform(svec[i].begin(), svec[i].end(), svec[i].begin(), toupper);
Use std::transform as:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>
#include <cctype>
int main() {
std::string s="nawaz";
std::string S;
std::transform(s.begin(),s.end(), std::back_inserter(S), ::toupper);
std::cout << S ;
}
Output:
NAWAZ
Online demo: http://ideone.com/WtbTI
I bid for the shortest bit of code:
#include <boost/algorithm/string.hpp>
boost::to_upper(svec);
You can find many more in Boost String Algorithm, [to_upper][2] modifies the string in place and also features a to_upper_copy cousin, which returns a (transformed) copy and leaves the original string untouched.
kinda outdated but you can change:
for (string::size_type j=0; j < word.size(); ++j)
{
toupper(word[j]);
}
to:
for (auto &j : word) // for every j in word (note j is a reference)
j=toupper(j); // replace that j with it's uppercase
Just learned this stuff from C++ Primer - Part I - chapter 3