Qt5 has a new JSON parser and I want to use it. The problem is that it isn't too clear about what the functions do in layman's terms and how to write code with it. That or I could be reading it wrong.
I want to know the code on creating a JSON file in Qt5 and what "encapsulates" mean.
Example: Read json from file
/* test.json */
{
"appDesc": {
"description": "SomeDescription",
"message": "SomeMessage"
},
"appName": {
"description": "Home",
"message": "Welcome",
"imp":["awesome","best","good"]
}
}
void readJson()
{
QString val;
QFile file;
file.setFileName("test.json");
file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly | QIODevice::Text);
val = file.readAll();
file.close();
qWarning() << val;
QJsonDocument d = QJsonDocument::fromJson(val.toUtf8());
QJsonObject sett2 = d.object();
QJsonValue value = sett2.value(QString("appName"));
qWarning() << value;
QJsonObject item = value.toObject();
qWarning() << tr("QJsonObject of description: ") << item;
/* in case of string value get value and convert into string*/
qWarning() << tr("QJsonObject[appName] of description: ") << item["description"];
QJsonValue subobj = item["description"];
qWarning() << subobj.toString();
/* in case of array get array and convert into string*/
qWarning() << tr("QJsonObject[appName] of value: ") << item["imp"];
QJsonArray test = item["imp"].toArray();
qWarning() << test[1].toString();
}
OUTPUT
QJsonValue(object, QJsonObject({"description": "Home","imp": ["awesome","best","good"],"message": "YouTube"}) )
"QJsonObject of description: " QJsonObject({"description": "Home","imp": ["awesome","best","good"],"message": "YouTube"})
"QJsonObject[appName] of description: " QJsonValue(string, "Home")
"Home"
"QJsonObject[appName] of value: " QJsonValue(array, QJsonArray(["awesome","best","good"]) )
"best"
Example: Read json from string
Assign json to string as below and use the readJson() function shown before:
val =
' {
"appDesc": {
"description": "SomeDescription",
"message": "SomeMessage"
},
"appName": {
"description": "Home",
"message": "Welcome",
"imp":["awesome","best","good"]
}
}';
OUTPUT
QJsonValue(object, QJsonObject({"description": "Home","imp": ["awesome","best","good"],"message": "YouTube"}) )
"QJsonObject of description: " QJsonObject({"description": "Home","imp": ["awesome","best","good"],"message": "YouTube"})
"QJsonObject[appName] of description: " QJsonValue(string, "Home")
"Home"
"QJsonObject[appName] of value: " QJsonValue(array, QJsonArray(["awesome","best","good"]) )
"best"
JSON under QT is actually quite pleasant - I was surprised. This is an example of how to create a JSON output with some structure.
Forgive me for not explaining what the fields all mean - it is a Ham Radio processing output script.
This is the QT C++ Code
void CabrilloReader::JsonOutputMapper()
{
QFile file(QDir::homePath() + "/1.json");
if(!file.open(QIODevice::ReadWrite)) {
qDebug() << "File open error";
} else {
qDebug() <<"JSONTest2 File open!";
}
// Clear the original content in the file
file.resize(0);
// Add a value using QJsonArray and write to the file
QJsonArray jsonArray;
for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
QJsonObject jsonObject;
CabrilloRecord *rec= QSOs.at(i);
jsonObject.insert("Date", rec->getWhen().toString());
jsonObject.insert("Band", rec->getBand().toStr());
QJsonObject jsonSenderLatObject;
jsonSenderLatObject.insert("Lat",rec->getSender()->fLat);
jsonSenderLatObject.insert("Lon",rec->getSender()->fLon);
jsonSenderLatObject.insert("Sender",rec->getSender_call());
QJsonObject jsonReceiverLatObject;
jsonReceiverLatObject.insert("Lat",rec->getReceiver()->fLat);
jsonReceiverLatObject.insert("Lon",rec->getReceiver()->fLon);
jsonReceiverLatObject.insert("Receiver",rec->getReceiver_call());
jsonObject.insert("Receiver",jsonReceiverLatObject);
jsonObject.insert("Sender",jsonSenderLatObject);
jsonArray.append(jsonObject);
QThread::sleep(2);
}
QJsonObject jsonObject;
jsonObject.insert("number", jsonArray.size());
jsonArray.append(jsonObject);
QJsonDocument jsonDoc;
jsonDoc.setArray(jsonArray);
file.write(jsonDoc.toJson());
file.close();
qDebug() << "Write to file";
}
It takes an internal QT Structure (a List of pointers to a CabrilloRecord object ... which you just ignore) and extracts some fields. These fields are then output in a nested JSON format which looks like this.
[
{
"Band": "20",
"Date": "Sat Jul 10 12:00:00 2021",
"Receiver": {
"Lat": 36.400001525878906,
"Lon": 138.3800048828125,
"Receiver": "8N3HQ "
},
"Sender": {
"Lat": 13,
"Lon": 122,
"Sender": "DX0HQ "
}
},
{
"Band": "20",
"Date": "Sat Jul 10 12:01:00 2021",
"Receiver": {
"Lat": 36.400001525878906,
"Lon": 138.3800048828125,
"Receiver": "JA1CJP "
},
"Sender": {
"Lat": 13,
"Lon": 122,
"Sender": "DX0HQ "
}
}]
I hope this speeds up someone else's progression on this topic.
Sadly, many JSON C++ libraries have APIs that are non trivial to use, while JSON was intended to be easy to use.
So I tried jsoncpp from the gSOAP tools on the JSON doc shown in one of the answers above and this is the code generated with jsoncpp to construct a JSON object in C++ which is then written in JSON format to std::cout:
value x(ctx);
x["appDesc"]["description"] = "SomeDescription";
x["appDesc"]["message"] = "SomeMessage";
x["appName"]["description"] = "Home";
x["appName"]["message"] = "Welcome";
x["appName"]["imp"][0] = "awesome";
x["appName"]["imp"][1] = "best";
x["appName"]["imp"][2] = "good";
std::cout << x << std::endl;
and this is the code generated by jsoncpp to parse JSON from std::cin and extract its values (replace USE_VAL as needed):
value x(ctx);
std::cin >> x;
if (x.soap->error)
exit(EXIT_FAILURE); // error parsing JSON
#define USE_VAL(path, val) std::cout << path << " = " << val << std::endl
if (x.has("appDesc"))
{
if (x["appDesc"].has("description"))
USE_VAL("$.appDesc.description", x["appDesc"]["description"]);
if (x["appDesc"].has("message"))
USE_VAL("$.appDesc.message", x["appDesc"]["message"]);
}
if (x.has("appName"))
{
if (x["appName"].has("description"))
USE_VAL("$.appName.description", x["appName"]["description"]);
if (x["appName"].has("message"))
USE_VAL("$.appName.message", x["appName"]["message"]);
if (x["appName"].has("imp"))
{
for (int i2 = 0; i2 < x["appName"]["imp"].size(); i2++)
USE_VAL("$.appName.imp[]", x["appName"]["imp"][i2]);
}
}
This code uses the JSON C++ API of gSOAP 2.8.28. I don't expect people to change libraries, but I think this comparison helps to put JSON C++ libraries in perspective.
An example on how to use that would be great. There is a couple of examples at the Qt forum, but you're right that the official documentation should be expanded.
QJsonDocument on its own indeed doesn't produce anything, you will have to add the data to it. That's done through the QJsonObject, QJsonArray and QJsonValue classes. The top-level item needs to be either an array or an object (because 1 is not a valid json document, while {foo: 1} is.)
Related
I have the following JSON response read from an API, using QJsonDocument, and I'm trying to read the postal codes value:
{
"data": {
"website": "https://somesite.com/",
"name": "SomeSite",
"description": "description of the product",
"techs": [
"sitetech1",
"sitetech2"
],
"state": null,
"city": null,
"postal codes": [
{
"value": "123456",
}
]
}
}
With the following code I read the response:
QStringList postals;
QString jsonText = (QString)reply->readAll();
QJsonDocument jsonResponse = QJsonDocument::fromJson(jsonText.toUtf8());
QJsonObject jsonObject = jsonResponse.object();
QJsonArray jsonArray = jsonObject["data"].toArray();
if(jsonArray.isEmpty()) {
qDebug() << "jsonArray is empty"; // this gets to here.
return "empty";
}
foreach (const QJsonValue & value, jsonArray) {
QJsonObject obj = value.toObject();
QJsonArray arr = obj["postal codes"].toArray();
foreach(const QJsonValue & value, arr) {
postals.append(obj["value"].toString());
}
}
}
But it seems like the jsonArray is empty. Did I parse the JSON incorrectly?
"data" does not seem to be an array, so "toArray()" fails. Also, in the loop, you are looking for the key "value" inside the wrong object it seems. Also, there is a comma which shouldn't be there in the json.
Something like this maybe?
{
"data": [
{
"website": "https://somesite.com/",
"name": "SomeSite",
"description": "description of the product",
"techs": [
"sitetech1",
"sitetech2"
],
"state": null,
"city": null,
"postal codes": [
{
"value": "123456"
}
]
}
]
}
code:
QString jsonText = f.readAll();
QJsonParseError error;
QJsonDocument jsonResponse = QJsonDocument::fromJson(jsonText.toUtf8(), &error);
if (error.error != QJsonParseError::NoError)
qDebug() << "Error:" << error.errorString();
QJsonObject jsonObject = jsonResponse.object();
QJsonArray jsonArray = jsonObject["data"].toArray();
if (jsonArray.isEmpty()) {
qDebug() << "jsonArray is empty"; // this gets to here.
return -1;
}
for (const QJsonValue & value : jsonArray) {
QJsonObject obj = value.toObject();
QJsonArray arr = obj["postal codes"].toArray();
for (const QJsonValue & value : arr) {
postals.append(value["value"].toString());
qDebug() << "val:" << value["value"].toString();
}
}
output:
val: "123456"
Im trying to read json file with qt c++. After reading i will do some operations. I've read my json like it, but i want to print spesific datas, which include "float".
After finding them, i will assign a value each of these.
Thanks for any help
{
"A":[
{
"GPS":[
{
"GPS ID":[
"integer",
"0"
],
"GPS Mod":[
"integer",
"1"
],
"GPS Utc":[
"float",
"2"
],
"GPS Latitude":[
"float",
"3"
],
"GPS Longitude":[
"float",
"4"
]
}
]
Here is what I have tried up to now:
QByteArray data = file.readAll();
QJsonDocument doc = QJsonDocument::fromJson(data);
QJsonObject root = doc.object();
QJsonArray tlmtArray = root.value("A").toArray();
for(int i=0; i<tlmtArray.size(); i++)
{
QJsonObject obj = tlmtArray.at(i).toObject();
}
Actually, you seem to already know what you need to do to handle Json data, you just have to continue to unpack your nested structures until the leaf data.
I'm not sure what was your issue, you just had to continue what you were doing but anyway, I have written an example that prints in the console the inner GPS data of the following structure (the one that you provided, I just added the missing braces and brackets):
{
"A":
[
{
"GPS":
[
{
"GPS ID":[
"integer",
"0"
],
"GPS Mod":[
"integer",
"1"
],
"GPS Utc":[
"float",
"2"
],
"GPS Latitude":[
"float",
"3"
],
"GPS Longitude":[
"float",
"4"
]
}
]
}
]
}
Here is the example function:
int printJsonData(const QByteArray & json_data)
{
QJsonParseError err;
QJsonDocument doc = QJsonDocument::fromJson(json_data, &err);
if(err.error != QJsonParseError::NoError)
return -1; // Failure
QJsonObject root = doc.object();
QJsonArray tlmtArray = root.value("A").toArray();
for(int i = 0; i < tlmtArray.size(); ++i)
{
QJsonObject obj = tlmtArray[i].toObject();
QJsonArray gps_array = obj.value("GPS").toArray();
for(int j = 0; j < gps_array.size(); ++j)
{
QJsonObject gps_obj = gps_array[j].toObject();
for(QJsonObject::const_iterator cit = gps_obj.constBegin(); cit != gps_obj.constEnd(); ++cit)
{
std::cout << cit.key().toStdString() << ": (";
QJsonArray inner_data = cit.value().toArray();
for(int k = 0; k < inner_data.size(); ++k)
{
std::cout << inner_data[k].toString().toStdString() << (k < inner_data.size()-1 ? "," : "");
}
std::cout << ")\n";
}
}
}
return 0;
}
Output:
GPS ID: (integer,0)
GPS Latitude: (float,3)
GPS Longitude: (float,4)
GPS Mod: (integer,1)
GPS Utc: (float,2)
Please note that you really should use the methods QJsonObject::contains(), QJsonValue::isArray(), QJsonValue::isObject() and QJsonValue::isString() that Qt provides in order to check that the data you are extracting are exactly what you expect them to be. I didn't write such checks in the example because it is just an example and I wanted to avoid clutter and make the code less readable.
I want to use api with c++ and when I searched I found nlohmann/json library it looks really popular but no one talks about how to get the array that fetch function provides . How can I get the information from the api as variables in my cpp file
Didn’t quite understand your description, I assume you mean you want to get the JSON array? You can try this:
std::string ss= R"(
{
"test-data":
[
{
"name": "tom",
"age": 11
},
{
"name": "jane",
"age": 12
}
]
}
)";
json myjson = json::parse(ss);
auto &students = myjson["test-data"];
for(auto &student : students) {
cout << "name=" << student["name"].get<std::string>() << endl;
}
I have this Json object and I want to access the "duration" and show it on console using Qt :
{
"kind": "youtube#videoListResponse",
"etag": "\"cbz3lIQ2N25AfwNr-BdxUVxJ_QY/brZ0pmrmXldPPKpGPRM-8I4dDFQ\"",
"pageInfo": {
"totalResults": 1,
"resultsPerPage": 1
},
"items": [
{
"kind": "youtube#video",
"etag": "\"cbz3lIQ2N25AfwNr-BdxUVxJ_QY/PkTW6UN9MH0O2kDApjC3penIiKs\"",
"id": "WkC18w6Ys7Y",
"contentDetails": {
"duration": "PT58M21S",
"dimension": "2d",
"definition": "hd",
"caption": "false",
"licensedContent": true,
"projection": "rectangular"
}
}
]
}
And my Qt code is this :
{
QJsonDocument jsonResponse = QJsonDocument::fromJson(message);
results = jsonResponse.object();
QJsonValue v1 = results.value("items");
qDebug() << "v1 = " << v1;
QJsonValue v2 = v1.toObject().value("contentDetails");
qDebug() <<"v2 = " << v2;
QString v3 = v2.toObject().value("duration").toString();
qDebug() << "v3 = " << v3;
}
However my output is :
v1 = QJsonValue(array, QJsonArray([{"contentDetails":{"caption":"false","definition":"hd","dimension":"2d","duration":"PT58M21S","licensedContent":true,"projection":"rectangular"},"etag":"\"cbz3lIQ2N25AfwNr-BdxUVxJ_QY/PkTW6UN9MH0O2kDApjC3penIiKs\"","id":"WkC18w6Ys7Y","kind":"youtube#video"}]))
v2 = QJsonValue(undefined)
v3 = ""
So v1 is fine but v2 becomes undefined.What am I doing wrong and how can I access the "duration" item correctly?
The direct answer as follows:
// Read the file which has the JSON object.
QFile file("jsonString.json");
if(!file.open(QFile::ReadOnly)){
qDebug()<< "Error, Cannot open the file.";
return false;
}
QJsonDocument jsonDoc = QJsonDocument::fromJson(file.readAll());
qDebug()<< jsonDoc.object().value("items").toArray()[0].toObject().value("contentDetails").toObject().value("duration").toString();
The result:
PT58M21S
items is a list, so calling toObject() on it just returns the default value. According to the documentation:
Converts the value to an object and returns it.
If type() is not Object, the defaultValue will be returned.
You need to be calling toArray() on it, which will convert it to a QJsonArray. From there you can take the first item from the array using a variety of methods, or iterate over the array if that makes more sense for your schema.
We got json reply similar to following from certain partner's api.
[
{ "firstName":"John" , "lastName":"Doe" },
{ "firstName":"Anna" , "lastName":"Smith" },
{ "firstName":"Peter" , "lastName": "Jones" }
]
when we tried to parse through rapidjson lib, parse didn't return any error, but we are not sure how to get value from document without the name field on the array. Anyone has any idea to deal with it?
std::string s("[ { \"firstName\":\"John\" , \"lastName\":\"Doe\" }, "
" { \"firstName\":\"Anna\" , \"lastName\":\"Smith\" }, "
" { \"firstName\":\"Peter\" , \"lastName\": \"Jones\" } ]");
rapidjson::Document doc;
doc.Parse<0>(s.c_str());
for (rapidjson::SizeType i = 0; i < doc.Size(); i++)
printf("\n%u: %s %s", i + 1, doc[i]["firstName"].GetString(), doc[i]["lastName"].GetString());