I'm just trying to feed a cvMat a texture that is generated by fragment shader, there is nothing appears on the screen, I don't know where is the problem, is this in the driver or glreadPixels.. I just loaded a TGA Image, to a fragment shader, then textured a quad, I wanted to feed that texture to a cvMat, so I used glReadPixesl then genereated a new texture, and drew it on the quad, but nothing appears.
Kindly note that the following code is executed at each frame.
cv::Mat pixels;
glPixelStorei(GL_PACK_ALIGNMENT, (pixels.step & 3) ? 1 : 4);
glReadPixels(0, 0, 1024, 1024, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, pixels.data);
glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
GLuint textureID;
glGenTextures(1, &textureID);
//glDeleteTextures(1, &textureID);
// Create the texture
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, // Type of texture
0, // Pyramid level (for mip-mapping) - 0 is the top level
GL_RGB, // Internal colour format to convert to
1024, // Image width i.e. 640 for Kinect in standard mode
1024, // Image height i.e. 480 for Kinect in standard mode
0, // Border width in pixels (can either be 1 or 0)
GL_RGB, // Input image format (i.e. GL_RGB, GL_RGBA, GL_BGR etc.)
GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, // Image data type
pixels.data); // The actual image data itself
glActiveTexture ( textureID );
glBindTexture ( GL_TEXTURE_2D,textureID );
glDrawElements ( GL_TRIANGLES, 6, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, indices );
textureID looks like an incomplete texture.
Set GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER to GL_NEAREST or GL_LINEAR.
Or supply a complete set of mipmaps.
Related
I am trying to create a texture to display. I have wxh array in which each pixel is 1 byte. I have looked at Can I use a grayscale image with the OpenGL glTexImage2D function? but I am not sure as to how to currently implement it. It looks like the GL_LUMINANCE is deprecated and I need to process the single channel independently . I am not sure how I should try this
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, image_width, image_height, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, image_data);
I tried changing GL_RGBA to other formats like GL_R https://www.khronos.org/registry/OpenGL-Refpages/gl4/html/glTexImage2D.xhtml. I still cannot get the image to display. Does anyone have any suggestions?
If you you have a source texture with 1 color channel, then you can use the format GL_RED and the base internal format GL_RED:
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RED, image_width, image_height,
0, GL_RED, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, image_data);
Set the texture parameters GL_TEXTURE_SWIZZLE_G and GL_TEXTURE_SWIZZLE_B (see glTexParameteri) to read the green and blue color from the red color channel, too:
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_SWIZZLE_G, GL_RED);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_SWIZZLE_B, GL_RED);
Note, possibly GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT has to be set to 1, when the image is loaded to a texture object:
glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, 1);
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RED, ...);
By default the parameter is 4. This means that each line of the image is assumed to be aligned to a size which is a multiple of 4. If the image data is tightly packed then the alignment has to be changed.
If you use shader program, then the same can be achieved by Swizzling. e.g.:
vec3 color = texture(u_texture, uv).rrr;
I have a 3D graphics application that is exhibiting bad texturing behavior (specifically: a specific texture is showing up as black when it shouldn't be). I have isolated the texture data in the following call:
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, width, height, 0, GL_RGBA, fmt->gl_type, data)
I've inspected all of the values in the call and have verified they aren't NULL. Is there a way to use all of this data to save to the (Linux) filesystem a bitmap/png/some viewable format so that I can inspect the texture to verify it isn't black/some sort of garbage? It case it matters I'm using OpenGL ES 2.0 (GLES2).
If you want to read the pixels from a texture image in OpenGL ES, then you have to attach the texture to a framebuffer and read the color plane from the framebuffer by glReadPixels
GLuint textureObj = ...; // the texture object - glGenTextures
GLuint fbo;
glGenFramebuffers(1, &fbo);
glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, fbo);
glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_TEXTURE_2D, textureObj, 0);
int data_size = mWidth * mHeight * 4;
GLubyte* pixels = new GLubyte[mWidth * mHeight * 4];
glReadPixels(0, 0, width, height, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, pixels);
glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
glDeleteFramebuffers(1, &fbo);
All the used functions in this code snippet are supported by OpenGL ES 2.0.
Note, in desktop OpenGL there is glGetTexImage, which can be use read pixel data from a texture. This function doesn't exist in OpenGL ES.
To write an image to a file (in c++), I recommend to use a library like STB library, which can be found at GitHub - nothings/stb.
To use the STB library library it is sufficient to include the header files (It is not necessary to link anything):
#define STB_IMAGE_WRITE_IMPLEMENTATION
#include <stb_image_write.h>
Use stbi_write_bmp to write a BMP file:
stbi_write_bmp( "myfile.bmp", width, height, 4, pixels );
Note, it is also possible to write other file formats by stbi_write_png, stbi_write_tga or stbi_write_jpg.
I'm just trying to feed a cvMat a texture that is generated by fragment shader, there is nothing appears on the screen, I don't know where is the problem, is this in the driver or glreadPixels.. I just loaded a TGA Image, to a fragment shader, then textured a quad, I wanted to feed that texture to a cvMat, so I used glReadPixesl then genereated a new texture, and drew it on the quad, but nothing appears.
Kindly note that the following code is executed at each frame.
cv::Mat pixels;
glPixelStorei(GL_PACK_ALIGNMENT, (pixels.step & 3) ? 1 : 4);
glReadPixels(0, 0, 1024, 1024, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, pixels.data);
glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
GLuint textureID;
glGenTextures(1, &textureID);
//glDeleteTextures(1, &textureID);
// Create the texture
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, // Type of texture
0, // Pyramid level (for mip-mapping) - 0 is the top level
GL_RGB, // Internal colour format to convert to
1024, // Image width i.e. 640 for Kinect in standard mode
1024, // Image height i.e. 480 for Kinect in standard mode
0, // Border width in pixels (can either be 1 or 0)
GL_RGB, // Input image format (i.e. GL_RGB, GL_RGBA, GL_BGR etc.)
GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, // Image data type
pixels.data); // The actual image data itself
glActiveTexture ( textureID );
glBindTexture ( GL_TEXTURE_2D,textureID );
glDrawElements ( GL_TRIANGLES, 6, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, indices );
textureID looks like an incomplete texture.
Set GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER to GL_NEAREST or GL_LINEAR.
Or supply a complete set of mipmaps.
I'm looking how to convert a GL_RGBA framebuffer texture to GL_COMPRESSED_RGBA texture, preferably on the GPU. Framebuffers apparently can´t have the GL_COMPRESSED_RGBA internal format, thus I need a way to convert.
See this document that describes OpenGL Texture Compression. The sequence of steps is like (this is hacky - Buffer objects for the textures throughout would improve things somewhat)
GLUint mytex, myrbo, myfbo;
glGenTextures(1, &mytex);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, mytex);
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_COMPRESSED_RGBA, width, height, 0,
GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0 );
glGenRenderbuffers(1, &myrbo);
glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, myrbo);
glRenderbufferStorage(GL_RENDERBUFFER, GL_RGBA, width, height)
glGenFramebuffers(1, &myfbo);
glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, myfbo);
glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0,
GL_RENDERBUFFER, myrbo);
// If you need a Z Buffer:
// create a 2nd renderbuffer for the framebuffer GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT
// render (i.e. create the data for the texture)
// Now get the data out of the framebuffer by requesting a compressed read
glCopyTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_COMPRESSED_RGBA,
0, 0, width, height, 0);
glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, 0);
glDeleteRenderbuffers(1, &myrbo);
glDeleteFramebuffers(1, &myfbo);
// Validate it's compressed / read back compressed data
GLInt format = 0, compressed_size = 0;
glGetTexLevelParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_TEXTURE_INTERNAL_FORMAT, &format);
glGetTexLevelParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_TEXTURE_COMPRESSED_IMAGE_SIZE,
char *data = malloc(compressed_size);
glGetCompressedTexImage(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, data);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
glDeleteTexture(1, &mytex);
// data now contains the compressed thing
If you'd use a PBO object for the texture, you'd be able to get away without the malloc().
If you would like to perform the compression on the GPU without transfer to the CPU - here's two samples you might be able to repurpose for OpenGL (they're DX based)
GPU accelerated texture compression
GPU accelerated texture compression 2
Hope this helps!
I have an FBO object with a color and depth attachment which I render to and then read from using glReadPixels() and I'm trying to add to it multisampling support.
Instead of glRenderbufferStorage() I'm calling glRenderbufferStorageMultisampleEXT() for both the color attachment and the depth attachment. The frame buffer object seem to have been created successfully and is reported as complete.
After rendering I'm trying to read from it with glReadPixels(). When the number of samples is 0 i.e. multisampling disables it works perfectly and I get the image I want. when I set the number of samples to something else, say 4, the frame buffer is still constructed OK but glReadPixels() fails with an INVALID_OPERATION
Anyone have an idea what could be wrong here?
EDIT: The code of glReadPixels:
glReadPixels(0, 0, width, height, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, ptr);
where ptr points to an array of width*height uints.
I don't think you can read from a multisampled FBO with glReadPixels(). You need to blit from the multisampled FBO to a normal FBO, bind the normal FBO, and then read the pixels from the normal FBO.
Something like this:
// Bind the multisampled FBO for reading
glBindFramebufferEXT(GL_READ_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT, my_multisample_fbo);
// Bind the normal FBO for drawing
glBindFramebufferEXT(GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT, my_fbo);
// Blit the multisampled FBO to the normal FBO
glBlitFramebufferEXT(0, 0, width, height, 0, 0, width, height, GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT, GL_NEAREST);
//Bind the normal FBO for reading
glBindFramebufferEXT(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT, my_fbo);
// Read the pixels!
glReadPixels(0, 0, width, height, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, pixels);
You can't read the multisample buffer directly with glReadPixels since it would raise an GL_INVALID_OPERATION error. You need to blit to another surface so that the GPU can do a downsample. You could blit to the backbuffer, but there is the problem of the "pixel owner ship test". It is best to make another FBO. Let's assume you made another FBO and now you want blit. This requires GL_EXT_framebuffer_blit. Typically, when your driver supports GL_EXT_framebuffer_multisample, it also supports GL_EXT_framebuffer_blit, for example the nVidia Geforce 8 series.
//Bind the MS FBO
glBindFramebufferEXT(GL_READ_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT, multisample_fboID);
//Bind the standard FBO
glBindFramebufferEXT(GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT, fboID);
//Let's say I want to copy the entire surface
//Let's say I only want to copy the color buffer only
//Let's say I don't need the GPU to do filtering since both surfaces have the same dimension
glBlitFramebufferEXT(0, 0, width, height, 0, 0, width, height, GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT, GL_NEAREST);
//--------------------
//Bind the standard FBO for reading
glBindFramebufferEXT(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT, fboID);
glReadPixels(0, 0, width, height, GL_BGRA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, pixels);
Source: GL EXT framebuffer multisample