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I tried to compile Shallot on Ubuntu linux (gcc ./src/shallot.c), but I've got this error:
/tmp/ccwsRxaV.o: In function `main':
shallot.c:(.text+0x3d): undefined reference to `usage'
shallot.c:(.text+0x1ea): undefined reference to `parse_cpuinfo'
shallot.c:(.text+0x2a3): undefined reference to `pattern'
shallot.c:(.text+0x2eb): undefined reference to `usage'
shallot.c:(.text+0x3ba): undefined reference to `usage'
shallot.c:(.text+0x440): undefined reference to `usage'
shallot.c:(.text+0x4de): undefined reference to `usage'
shallot.c:(.text+0x57a): undefined reference to `usage'
/tmp/ccwsRxaV.o:shallot.c:(.text+0x5f4): more undefined references to `usage' follow
/tmp/ccwsRxaV.o: In function `main':
shallot.c:(.text+0x92d): undefined reference to `worker'
shallot.c:(.text+0x941): undefined reference to `pthread_create'
shallot.c:(.text+0x984): undefined reference to `monitor_proc'
shallot.c:(.text+0x998): undefined reference to `pthread_create'
shallot.c:(.text+0x9b7): undefined reference to `worker'
shallot.c:(.text+0x9db): undefined reference to `pthread_join'
Sorry, but I'm not a programmer. I don't really know how this should work.
Well I went to the site, took down the instructions and gave it a try. Seems pretty straight forward:
First clone the source into a "shallot" directory:
git clone https://github.com/katmagic/Shallot.git Shallot
Then we run the configure:
mike#linux-4puc:~/C/Shallot> ./configure Liunx detected. Have you
considered switching to BSD? Configuration successful. This does not
mean it will build. If you are missing gcc, or required
libraries/headers, you will need to install them first.
Finally run the Makefile:
mike#linux-4puc:~/C/Shallot> make
cc -O3 -I/usr/include -I/usr/local/include -L/usr/lib -L/usr/local/lib -Wall -o src/math.o -c src/math.c
cc -O3 -I/usr/include -I/usr/local/include -L/usr/lib -L/usr/local/lib -Wall -o src/error.o -c src/error.c
cc -O3 -I/usr/include -I/usr/local/include -L/usr/lib -L/usr/local/lib -Wall -o src/linux.o -c src/linux.c
cc -O3 -I/usr/include -I/usr/local/include -L/usr/lib -L/usr/local/lib -Wall -o src/print.o -c src/print.c
cc -O3 -I/usr/include -I/usr/local/include -L/usr/lib -L/usr/local/lib -Wall -o src/thread.o -c src/thread.c
cc -O3 -I/usr/include -I/usr/local/include -L/usr/lib -L/usr/local/lib -Wall -o src/shallot.o -c src/shallot.c
cc -O3 -I/usr/include -I/usr/local/include -L/usr/lib -L/usr/local/lib -pthread src/math.o src/error.o src/linux.o src/print.o src/thread.o src/shallot.o -o shallot -lm -lpthread -lssl -lcrypto
And now the executable shallot can be seen in the directory:
mike#linux-4puc:~/C/Shallot> ls
CHANGELOG configure LICENSE Makefile README.asciidoc shallot src
So if you followed all the steps exactly like I did, I suspect the place you're having issues is the block of text I highlighted above. Do you have all the required libraries/headers for building shallot?
Related
Questions asked on stackoverflow about this question,have not been able to help me, this is complete error:
/usr/bin/ld: /tmp/ccgpX9K3.o: in function `connectDB(sql::Connection*)':
/home/erasmoh/sockets_c++/src/server.cpp:128: undefined reference to `get_driver_instance'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
i have tried this commands:
sudo g++ -Wall -I/usr/include/cppconn -o server server.cpp -L/usr/lib -lmysqlcppconn
g++ -g -o0 -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/boost/include -c server.cpp -o server.o
g++ -g -o0 -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/mysql/lib server.o -o server -lmysqlcppconn
i have tried other ways to do it, creating a shared library as well, but, i getting the same error.
I am new to C++ and am trying to figure out where in the compiling process my error is. Apologies, if this question is unclear, I'm not sure what information to provide.
Reference information: The directory "mbedtls/lib/" contains two .a (archive) files, "libmbedtls_SGX_t.a" and "libmbedtls_SGX_u.a".
I am using a Makefile, which runs the following commands in order. The commands seem to run error free:
cc -m64 -O2 -fPIC -Wno-attributes -IApp -I/opt/intel/sgxsdk/include -Imbedtls/include -DNDEBUG -UEDEBUG -UDEBUG -c App/Enclave_u.c -o App/Enclave_u.o
g++ -m64 -O2 -fPIC -Wno-attributes -IApp -I/opt/intel/sgxsdk/include -Imbedtls/include -DNDEBUG -UEDEBUG -UDEBUG -std=c++11 -c App/App.cpp -o App/App.o
g++ -m64 -O2 -fPIC -Wno-attributes -IApp -I/opt/intel/sgxsdk/include -Imbedtls/include -DNDEBUG -UEDEBUG -UDEBUG -std=c++11 -c App/sgx_utils/sgx_utils.cpp -o App/sgx_utils/sgx_utils.o
After running those commands, it runs this command:
g++ App/Enclave_u.o App/App.o App/sgx_utils/sgx_utils.o -o app -m64 -O2 -L/opt/intel/sgxsdk/lib64 -lsgx_urts_sim -lpthread -Lmbedtls/lib/ -lsgx_uae_service_sim
However, this command produces an error:
App/Enclave_u.o: In function `Enclave_ocall_print_string':
Enclave_u.c:(.text+0x9): undefined reference to `ocall_print_string'
App/Enclave_u.o: In function `Enclave_ocall_mbedtls_net_free':
Enclave_u.c:(.text+0x28): undefined reference to `ocall_mbedtls_net_free'
App/Enclave_u.o: In function `Enclave_ocall_mbedtls_net_recv_timeout':
Enclave_u.c:(.text+0x54): undefined reference to `ocall_mbedtls_net_recv_timeout'
App/Enclave_u.o: In function `Enclave_ocall_mbedtls_net_send':
Enclave_u.c:(.text+0x71): undefined reference to `ocall_mbedtls_net_send'
App/Enclave_u.o: In function `Enclave_ocall_mbedtls_net_recv':
Enclave_u.c:(.text+0x91): undefined reference to `ocall_mbedtls_net_recv'
App/Enclave_u.o: In function `Enclave_ocall_mbedtls_net_usleep':
Enclave_u.c:(.text+0xa8): undefined reference to `ocall_mbedtls_net_usleep'
App/Enclave_u.o: In function `Enclave_ocall_mbedtls_net_set_nonblock':
Enclave_u.c:(.text+0xc9): undefined reference to `ocall_mbedtls_net_set_nonblock'
App/Enclave_u.o: In function `Enclave_ocall_mbedtls_net_set_block':
Enclave_u.c:(.text+0xe9): undefined reference to `ocall_mbedtls_net_set_block'
App/Enclave_u.o: In function `Enclave_ocall_mbedtls_net_accept':
Enclave_u.c:(.text+0x119): undefined reference to `ocall_mbedtls_net_accept'
App/Enclave_u.o: In function `Enclave_ocall_mbedtls_net_bind':
Enclave_u.c:(.text+0x144): undefined reference to `ocall_mbedtls_net_bind'
App/Enclave_u.o: In function `Enclave_ocall_mbedtls_net_connect':
Enclave_u.c:(.text+0x164): undefined reference to `ocall_mbedtls_net_connect'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Makefile:184: recipe for target 'app' failed
I don't know why this error is being produced. My last command includes the flag -Lmbedtls/lib/ which should resolve these undefined references by linking the archive files (specifically - libmbedtls_SGX_u.a) to the executable. However, clearly this is not happening.
Do I need to link the archive files earlier in the compile process? I.e - instead of using the flag -Lmbedtls/lib/ in the final g++ command, should I be using it in both of the previous g++ commands?
Update: Adding the flag -Lmbedtls/lib/ to the previous 2 g++ commands (the ones that generated App.o and sgx_utils.o) did not change anything. The error remains.
As has been mentioned in the comment, only specifying a directory with -L without specifying the name of a library in that directory is useless.
So you have to additionally specify the library names with -l.
So instead of:
g++ App/Enclave_u.o App/App.o App/sgx_utils/sgx_utils.o -o app -m64 -O2 \
-L/opt/intel/sgxsdk/lib64 -lsgx_urts_sim -lpthread \
-Lmbedtls/lib/ \
-lsgx_uae_service_sim
Use:
g++ App/Enclave_u.o App/App.o App/sgx_utils/sgx_utils.o -o app -m64 -O2 \
-L/opt/intel/sgxsdk/lib64 -lsgx_urts_sim -lpthread \
-Lmbedtls/lib/ -lmbedtls_SGX_t -lmbedtls_SGX_u \
-lsgx_uae_service_sim
I'm using compile downloaded source code and try to make my c++ project but these error appear.
user1#ubuntu:~$ make
g++ -std=c++0x -g -Wall -Werror -L/home/user1/project0/libcurl/lib/libcurl.a -I/home/user1/proj/libcurl/include -c my-curl.cpp -o curl.o
g++ -std=c++0x -g -Wall -Werror -L/home/user1/project0/libcurl/lib/libcurl.a -I/home/user1/proj/libcurl/include -c main.cpp -o main.o
g++ -std=c++0x -g -Wall -Werror -L/home/user1/project0/libcurl/lib/libcurl.a -I/home/user1/proj/libcurl/include -o my-curl-app my-curl.o main.o
my-curl.o: In function `CCurlDownloader::start_download()':
~/my-curl.cpp:22: undefined reference to `curl_easy_init'
~/my-curl.cpp:27: undefined reference to `curl_easy_setopt'
~/my-curl.cpp:28: undefined reference to `curl_easy_setopt'
~/my-curl.cpp:29: undefined reference to `curl_easy_setopt'
~/my-curl.cpp:30: undefined reference to `curl_easy_perform'
~/my-curl.cpp:53: undefined reference to `curl_easy_cleanup'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [my-curl-app] Error 1
and i'm changed -L option to specified directory and add -lcurl for specified lib and result is.
user1#ubuntu:~/project0/my-curl$ make
g++ -std=c++0x -g -Wall -Werror -L/home/user1/practics/libcurl/lib -lcurl -I/home/user1/practics/libcurl/include -c my-curl.cpp -o my-curl.o
g++ -std=c++0x -g -Wall -Werror -L/home/user1/practics/libcurl/lib -lcurl -I/home/user1/practics/libcurl/include -c main.cpp -o main.o
g++ -std=c++0x -g -Wall -Werror -L/home/user1/practics/libcurl/lib -lcurl -I/home/user1/practics/libcurl/include -o my-curl-cpp my-curl.o main.o
my-curl.o: In function `CCurlDownloader::start_download()':
~/my-curl.cpp:22: undefined reference to `curl_easy_init'
~/my-curl.cpp:27: undefined reference to `curl_easy_setopt'
~/my-curl.cpp:28: undefined reference to `curl_easy_setopt'
~/my-curl.cpp:29: undefined reference to `curl_easy_setopt'
~/my-curl.cpp:30: undefined reference to `curl_easy_perform'
~/my-curl.cpp:53: undefined reference to `curl_easy_cleanup'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [bb-cppurl] Error 1
I and try curl-config to link libs but result still be the same.
user1#atom-linux-server:~/my-curl$ make
g++ -std=c++0x -g -Wall -Werror `/home/user1/project0/libcurl/bin/curl-config --libs` `/home/user1/project0/libcurl/bin/curl-config --cflags` -c my-curl.cpp -o my-curl.o
g++ -std=c++0x -g -Wall -Werror `/home/user1/project0/libcurl/bin/curl-config --libs` `/home/user1/project0/libcurl/bin/curl-config --cflags` -c main.cpp -o main.o
g++ -std=c++0x -g -Wall -Werror `/home/user1/project0/libcurl/bin/curl-config --libs` `/home/user1/project0/libcurl/bin/curl-config --cflags` -o my-curl-app my-curl.o main.o
my-curl.o: In function `CCurlDownloader::start_download()':
~/my-curl.cpp:22: undefined reference to `curl_easy_init'
~/my-curl.cpp:27: undefined reference to `curl_easy_setopt'
~/my-curl.cpp:28: undefined reference to `curl_easy_setopt'
~/my-curl.cpp:29: undefined reference to `curl_easy_setopt'
~/my-curl.cpp:30: undefined reference to `curl_easy_perform'
~/my-curl.cpp:53: undefined reference to `curl_easy_cleanup'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [bb-cppurl] Error 1
You're using the build tools wrong.
1 - the -L option should specify a directory
2 - there's no -l (lowercase L) option to specify which lib to link with (perhaps from the directory -L identifies)
I move
-L/home/user1/practics/libcurl/lib -lcurl
to the tail of command
g++ -std=c++0x -g -Wall -Werror -I/home/user1/practics/libcurl/include -o my-curl-cpp my-curl.o main.o -L/home/user1/practics/libcurl/lib -lcurl
and it works.
This question already has an answer here:
g++ undefined reference to `boost::system::system_category()'
(1 answer)
Closed 9 years ago.
I have a problem with my code.
I have such an info trying to build:
g++ -L /usr/local/boost_1_55_0 -Wall -pedantic -Iinc -c -lboost_system -pthread -lboost_thread -o obj/glo.o src/glo.cpp
g++ -L /usr/local/boost_1_55_0 -Wall -pedantic -Iinc -c -lboost_system -pthread -lboost_thread -o obj/serial.o src/serial.cpp
g++ -I /usr/local/boost_1_55_0 -Wall -lboost_system -pthread -o dwa obj/glo.o obj/serial.o
obj/glo.o: In function `__static_initialization_and_destruction_0(int, int)':
glo.cpp:(.text+0x15a): undefined reference to `boost::system::generic_category()'
glo.cpp:(.text+0x166): undefined reference to `boost::system::generic_category()'
glo.cpp:(.text+0x172): undefined reference to `boost::system::system_category()'
obj/glo.o: In function `boost::system::error_code::error_code()':
glo.cpp:(.text._ZN5boost6system10error_codeC2Ev[_ZN5boost6system10error_codeC5Ev]+0x17): undefined reference to `boost::system::system_category()'
and similar.
As You can see I have given
-lboost_system -pthread -lboost_thread and compiled system boost in /usr/local/boost_1_55_0
I have no idea whats happening.
Absolutely, g++ cannot find library boost_system. It should locate in /usr/local/boost_1_55_0/lib. You can add option "-v" to check the detailed error messages.
g++ -v -L/usr/local/boost_1_55_0/lib -Wall -lboost_system -pthread -o dwa obj/glo.o obj/serial.o
The commands should be as following:
g++ -I/usr/local/boost_1_55_0/include -Wall -pedantic -Iinc -c -o obj/glo.o src/glo.cpp
g++ -I/usr/local/boost_1_55_0/include -Wall -pedantic -Iinc -c -o obj/serial.o src/serial.cpp
g++ -L/usr/local/boost_1_55_0/lib -Wall -lboost_system -pthread -o dwa obj/glo.o obj/serial.o
I have tried to build the stmd library (http://getassoc.cs.nii.ac.jp/package/stmd-1.1.5.tar.gz) on Ubuntu 12.04.2 amd64 which use the ICU library.
I have installed libicu-dev (version: 48) from Ubuntu repository and using the following configuration.
./configure --with-icu-config=/usr/bin/icu-config --with-defaultstemmer=SNOWBALL --enable-snowball=yes --enable-kill3number=yes
and then,
make
I got the following errors..
/bin/bash ./libtool --mode=link g++ -I. -g -O2 -Wall -Wno-parentheses -Wdeclaration-after- statement -g -O -D_BSD_SOURCE -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE=200112L -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=600 -D_XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED=1 '-DDEFAULT_STEMMER=SNOWBALL' '-DSTMD_MYSTEMMER_DIR="/usr/local/bin"' -g -Wall -O2 -Wall -ansi -pedantic -Wshadow -Wpointer-arith -Wmissing-prototypes -Wwrite-strings -Wno-long-long -D_REENTRANT -I/usr/include '-DUSE_SNOWBALL=1' -I/usr/local/include -DKILL3NUMBER=1 -L/usr/lib -ldl -lm -L/usr/lib -licui18n -licuuc -licudata -ldl -lm -L/usr/local/lib -o stmd stmd.o stmc.o sigflg.o nio.o -L. -L/usr/lib -ldl -lm -L/usr/lib -licui18n -licuuc -licudata -ldl -lm -L/usr/local/lib -lystem -lstemmer -lexpat -ldl
libtool: link: g++ -I. -g -O2 -Wall -Wno-parentheses -Wdeclaration-after-statement -g -O -D_BSD_SOURCE -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE=200112L -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=600 -D_XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED=1 -DDEFAULT_STEMMER=SNOWBALL -DSTMD_MYSTEMMER_DIR=\"/usr/local/bin\" -g -Wall -O2 -Wall -ansi -pedantic -Wshadow -Wpointer-arith -Wmissing-prototypes -Wwrite-strings -Wno-long-long -D_REENTRANT -I/usr/include -DUSE_SNOWBALL=1 -I/usr/local/include -DKILL3NUMBER=1 -o stmd stmd.o stmc.o sigflg.o nio.o -L/usr/lib -L/usr/local/lib -L/home/kobkrit/stmd-1.1.5 -licui18n -licuuc -licudata -lm -lystem -lstemmer /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libexpat.so -ldl
/home/kobkrit/stmd-1.1.5/libystem.a(normalizer.o): In function `utf8toutf16':
/home/kobkrit/stmd-1.1.5/normalizer.c:177: undefined reference to `utf8_nextCharSafeBody_48'
/home/kobkrit/stmd-1.1.5/normalizer.c:191: undefined reference to `u_errorName_48'
/home/kobkrit/stmd-1.1.5/libystem.a(normalizer.o): In function `utf16toutf8':
/home/kobkrit/stmd-1.1.5/normalizer.c:227: undefined reference to `u_errorName_48'
/home/kobkrit/stmd-1.1.5/normalizer.c:219: undefined reference to `utf8_appendCharSafeBody_48'
/home/kobkrit/stmd-1.1.5/normalizer.c:223: undefined reference to `utf8_appendCharSafeBody_48'
/home/kobkrit/stmd-1.1.5/libystem.a(normalizer.o): In function `normalizer_sparse_tostr':
/home/kobkrit/stmd-1.1.5/normalizer.c:125: undefined reference to `unorm_normalize_48'
/home/kobkrit/stmd-1.1.5/normalizer.c:138: undefined reference to `unorm_normalize_48'
/home/kobkrit/stmd-1.1.5/normalizer.c:140: undefined reference to `u_errorName_48'
/home/kobkrit/stmd-1.1.5/libystem.a(ngram.o): In function `nextchar':
/home/kobkrit/stmd-1.1.5/ngram.c:158: undefined reference to `utf8_nextCharSafeBody_48'
/home/kobkrit/stmd-1.1.5/ngram.c:150: undefined reference to `utf8_nextCharSafeBody_48'
/home/kobkrit/stmd-1.1.5/libystem.a(ngram.o): In function `ng_output':
/home/kobkrit/stmd-1.1.5/ngram.c:182: undefined reference to `utf8_appendCharSafeBody_48'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [stmd] Error 1
It seems about the problem between linker to ICU library, so I take a look on Makefile, I found
...
CFLAGS+=$(shell /usr/bin/icu-config --cflags)
CFLAGS+=$(shell /usr/bin/icu-config --cppflags)
LDFLAGS+=$(shell /usr/bin/icu-config --ldflags-searchpath)
LDFLAGS+=$(shell /usr/bin/icu-config --ldflags)
...
(I don't quite sure, does it relate to the problem or not?)
I tried build the stmd library on Ubuntu 10.04.4 LTS amd64 and it went fine and work perfectly. But sadly my server's hardware is not compatible with the old Ubuntu. Please help.
Your command line:
g++ ... -licui18n -licuuc -licudata -ldl -lm ... -o stmd stmd.o stmc.o ...
is incorrect: the order of object files and libraries on command line matters.