I've been trying to solve this problem for a couple of days now, getting quite desperate. See the commented out code snippets for some of the things I've tried but didn't work.
Problem: How can I limit the values in the category field of the IngredientForm to only those belonging to the currently logged in user?
views.py
#login_required
def apphome(request):
IngrFormSet = modelformset_factory(Ingredient, extra=1, fields=('name', 'category'))
# Attempt #1 (not working; error: 'IngredientFormFormSet' object has no attribute 'fields')
# ingrformset = IngrFormSet(prefix='ingr', queryset=Ingredient.objects.none())
# ingrformset.fields['category'].queryset = Category.objects.filter(user=request.user)
# Attempt #2 (doesn't work)
# ingrformset = IngrFormSet(prefix='ingr', queryset=Ingredient.objects.filter(category__user_id = request.user.id))
models.py:
class Category(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=30, unique=True)
user = models.ForeignKey(User, null=True, blank=True)
class Ingredient(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=30, unique=True)
user = models.ForeignKey(User, null=True, blank=True)
category = models.ForeignKey(Category, null=True, blank=True)
counter = models.IntegerField(default=0)
forms.py:
class IngredientForm(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Ingredient
fields = ('name', 'category')
UPDATE: I've made some progress but the solution is currently hard-coded and not really usable:
I found out I can control the categoryform field via form class and then pass the form in the view like this:
#forms.py
class IngredientForm(ModelForm):
category = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset = Category.objects.filter(user_id = 1))
class Meta:
model = Ingredient
fields = ('name', 'category')
#views.py
IngrFormSet = modelformset_factory(Ingredient, form = IngredientForm, extra=1, fields=('name', 'category'))
The above produces the result I need but obviously the user is hardcoded. I need it to be dynamic (i.e. current user). I tried some solutions for accessing the request.user in forms.py but those didn't work.
Any ideas how to move forward?
You don't need any kind of custom forms. You can change the queryset of category field as:
IngrFormSet = modelformset_factory(Ingredient, extra=1, fields=('name', 'category'))
IngrFormSet.form.base_fields['category'].queryset = Category.objects.filter(user__id=request.user.id)
Category.objects.filter(user=request.user)
returns a list object for the initial value in your form which makes little sense.
Try instead
Category.objects.get(user=request.user)
or
Category.objects.filter(user=request.user)[0]
Related
I want to filter Blog Post objects or records based on the Post Category and a User that uploaded the Post record, it gives me an error when I try to do filter, this is the error.
ValueError at /dashboard/filter-post/
The QuerySet value for an exact lookup must be limited to one result using slicing.
Here is my models.py
class Category(models.Model):
cat_name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name='Category Name')
cat_desc = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)
def __str__(self):
return self.cat_name
class Meta():
verbose_name_plural='Category'
class Post(models.Model):
pst_title = models.CharField(max_length=150)
pst_image = models.ImageField(blank=True, null=True, upload_to='uploads/')
user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
category = models.ManyToManyField(Category)
content = models.TextField()
created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
def __str__(self):
return self.pst_title
#property
def img_url(self):
if self.pst_image:
return self.pst_image.url
on forms.py
class FilterForm(forms.ModelForm):
user = forms.ModelChoiceField(
queryset=User.objects.all(),
widget=forms.Select(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}))
category = forms.ModelMultipleChoiceField(
queryset=Category.objects.all(),
widget=forms.SelectMultiple(attrs={'class': 'form-control js-example-disabled-results'}))
catch_bot = forms.CharField(required=False,
widget=forms.HiddenInput, validators=[validators.MaxLengthValidator(0)])
class Meta():
fields = ['user', 'category' ]
model = Post
on views.py
def filter_post(request):
post = FilterForm(request.GET)
queryset = Post.objects.all()
if post.is_valid():
user=post.cleaned_data.get('user')
category=post.cleaned_data.get('category')
if user and category:
queryset = queryset.filter(user__username=user, category__cat_name=category)
return render(request, 'backend/filter-post.html', {'query':queryset, 'post':post})
I am having challenges properly filtering this in my views any help?
Try this:
instead of this:
queryset = queryset.filter(user__username=user, category__cat_name=category)
use this:
queryset = queryset.filter(user=user, category=category)
Also don't name your model fields after the model name, just use name instead of pst_name or cat_name, you will see that when you will try access these values there will be no confusion.
UPDATE
Ok, maybe try to rewrite your view like this:
def filter_post(request):
posts = Post.objects.all()
form = FilterForm(request.GET) # its best practice to call your form instance `form` in the view so that the next line has better readability
if form.is_valid():
user=post.cleaned_data['user']
category=post.cleaned_data['category']
if user:
posts = posts.filter(user=user)
if category:
posts = posts.filter(category=category)
return render(request, 'backend/filter-post.html', {'posts':posts})
I've got the following Situation, I have a rather large legacy model (which works nonetheless well) and need one of its fields as a distinct dropdown for one of my forms:
Legacy Table:
class SummaryView(models.Model):
...
Period = models.CharField(db_column='Period', max_length=10, blank=True, null=True)
...
def __str__(self):
return self.Period
class Meta:
managed = False # Created from a view. Don't remove.
db_table = 'MC_AUT_SummaryView'
Internal Model:
class BillCycle(models.Model):
...
Name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name='Name')
Period = models.CharField(max_length=10, null=True, blank=True)
Version = models.FloatField(verbose_name='Version', default=1.0)
Type = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name='Type', choices=billcycle_type_choices)
Association = models.ForeignKey(BillCycleAssociation, on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING)
...
def __str__(self):
return self.Name
Since I don't want to connect them via a Foreign Key (as the SummaryView is not managed by Django) I tried a solution which I already used quite a few times. In my forms I create a ModelChoiceField which points to my Legacy Model:
class BillcycleModelForm(forms.ModelForm):
period_tmp = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=SummaryView.objects.values_list('Period', flat=True).distinct(),
required=False, label='Period')
....
class Meta:
model = BillCycle
fields = ['Name', 'Type', 'Association', 'period_tmp']
And in my view I try to over-write the Period Field from my internal Model with users form input:
def billcycle_create(request, template_name='XXX'):
form = BillcycleModelForm(request.POST or None)
data = request.POST.copy()
username = request.user
print("Data:")
print(data)
if form.is_valid():
initial_obj = form.save(commit=False)
initial_obj.ModifiedBy = username
initial_obj.Period = form.cleaned_data['period_tmp']
initial_obj.Status = 'Creating...'
print("initial object:")
print(initial_obj)
form.save()
....
So far so good:
Drop Down is rendered correctly
In my print Statement in the View ("data") I see that the desired infos are there:
'Type': ['Create/Delta'], 'Association': ['CP'], 'period_tmp': ['2019-12']
Still I get a Select a valid choice. That choice is not one of the available choices. Error in the forms. Any ideas??
First of all, please forgive for my newbie questions. I did copy most of the code, and try to understand from Django documents.
Code as below:
models.py
class Order(models.Model):
ORDER_CHOICES = (
('import', 'IMPORT'),
('export', 'EXPORT')
)
storage = models.ForeignKey(Storage, on_delete=models.PROTECT)
order_type = models.CharField(max_length=6, choices=ORDER_CHOICES)
created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
updated_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
class Item(models.Model):
def random_barcode():
return str(random.randint(10000000, 99999999))
type = models.ForeignKey(Type, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
order = models.ForeignKey(Order, on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True)
brand = models.ForeignKey(Brand, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
item_name = models.CharField(max_length=50, help_text='Name of goods, max 50 characters')
barcode = models.CharField(max_length=8, default=random_barcode, unique=True)
production_date = models.DateField()
expired_date = models.DateField()
def __str__(self):
return self.item_type
forms.py
class ItemForm(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Item
exclude = ['order',]
fields = ['type', 'brand', 'item_name', 'production_date', 'expired_date']
ItemFormSet = inlineformset_factory(Order, Item, form=ItemForm, extra=1)
views.py
class CreatePO(CreateView):
model = Order
context_object_name = 'orders'
template_name = 'storages/create_po.html'
fields = ['order_type', 'storage',]
*#dun't know how to write below code....*
1st question: how to use inline formset to write the CreatePO view?
2nd question: I need my create PO template as below picture, how to add a "Quantity" field?
This kind of template need Javascript, right? Any alternative solution? I have no knowledge with javascript.
First of all, move the def random_barcode(): before def __str__(self): it looks so ugly formated code.
Then let's have a look in your pic, if you haven't proper experience with Javascript you can use Admin Views from Django, it's much more simple and supported by Django 2.1. Read more if you would like to give permission to everyone in a admin-views page https://docs.djangoproject.com/el/2.1/releases/2.1/#model-view-permission
So quantity will be just added inside Item class
quantity = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(default=1)
Also for your form, in my opinion, you need modelform_factory, so I suggest to read this one https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/forms/modelforms/#modelform-factory-function
I made API with Django Restframework.
[models.py]
from django.db import models
class Article(models.Model):
article_no = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
content = models.CharField(max_length=500, null=False)
password = models.CharField(max_length=20, null=False, default='1234')
date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
class Comment(models.Model):
article_no = models.ForeignKey('Article', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
content = models.CharField(max_length=50, null=False, default='')
password = models.CharField(max_length=20, null=False, default='1234')
date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
[views.py]
class ArticleDetail(APIView):
def get(self, request, article_no, format=None):
try:
article = models.Article.objects.get(article_no=article_no)
serializer = serializers.ArticleDetailSerializer(article)
return Response(status=status.HTTP_200_OK, data=serializer.data)
except models.Article.DoesNotExist:
return Response(status=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND)
[urls.py]
urlpatterns = [
path('article/<int:article_no>', views.ArticleDetail.as_view(), name='article_detail'),
]
[serializers.py]
class ArticleDetailSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
password = serializers.CharField(write_only=True, required=True)
comment = CommentSerializer(many=True, read_only=True)
class Meta:
model = models.Article
fields = (
'article_no',
'content',
'password',
'date',
'comment',
)
In serializers.py, I defined comment = CommentSerializer(many=True, read_only=True) and add it to fields.
And to test it, I add comment for article_no=1
But When I connect to /article/1, comment doesn't show anything.
I want to show all comments related it's article_no.
How can I fixed it?
Thanks.
Fixed source is here.
[serializers.py]
class ArticleDetailSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
password = serializers.CharField(write_only=True, required=True)
class Meta:
model = models.Article
fields = (
'article_no',
'content',
'password',
'date',
'comments',
)
[models.py]
class Comment(models.Model):
article_no = models.ForeignKey(Article, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='comments')
content = models.CharField(max_length=50, null=False, default='')
password = models.CharField(max_length=20, null=False, default='1234')
date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
When I connect to my server,
It only shows related comment's article_no.
But I want to show content and date also.
According to the Django documentation at https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/db/queries/#backwards-related-objects you can access the list of objects by calling article_instance.comment_set.all() or you could set the related_name argument on the model on initialization
article_no = models.ForeignKey('Article', on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name="comments")
and access is like article_instance.comments.all() or filter() or exclude()
There are quite a few options actually, and it depends on the use case, but for simplicity, in this case you may be able to just change the comment variable to comment_set, or you could change the related_name to comments and refer to it as such in your serializer.
required changes to ArticleDetailSerializer...
comment = CommentSerializer(many=True, read_only=True)
to
comments = CommentSerializer(many=True, read_only=True)
You also haven't created a CommentSerializer class, or you haven't posted it to the question.
example CommentSerializer....
class CommentSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model=Comment
exclude=('article_no',)
I exclude the article_no and the remaining fields should be handled due to the assigned defaults on the django models.
The related object manager in Django returns a queryset that can be acted on like any other queryset. So you will want to consider whether an article might have an absurd amount of comments and limit the returned amount.
you can also use a SerializerMethodField and have more control over the returned queryset
comments = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
def get_comments(self, obj):
comments = obj.comments/comment_set.all()[:20] #return the first 20 comments
return CommentSerializer(comments/comment_set, many=True, read_only=True).data
now add comments/comment_set to the class Meta/fields tuple
I the following in the models.py:
class Item(models.Model):
date = models.DateField(_('date'), blank=True, null=True)
description = models.CharField(_('description'), max_length=255)
content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType, verbose_name=_('content type'))
object_id = models.PositiveIntegerField(_('object id'), db_index=True)
object = generic.GenericForeignKey('content_type', 'object_id')
class ItemAccountAmountRef(Item):
""" Items of which a Quote or an Invoice exists. """
amount = models.DecimalField(max_digits=10, decimal_places=2)
reference = models.CharField(max_length=200)
debit_account = models.ForeignKey(Account, related_name='receivables_receipt_debit_account')
credit_account = models.ForeignKey(Account, related_name='receivables_receipt_credit_account')
class PaymentItem(ItemAccountAmountRef):
pass
class Payment(models.Model):
invoice = models.ManyToManyField(Invoice, null=True, blank=True)
date = models.DateField('date')
attachments = generic.GenericRelation(Attachment)
site = models.ForeignKey(Site, related_name='payment_site', null=True, blank=True
items = generic.GenericRelation(PaymentItem)
in the admin.py:
class PaymentItemInline(generic.GenericTabularInline):
model = PaymentItem
form = PaymentItemForm
class PaymentAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
inlines = [PaymentItemInline]
in forms.py:
class PaymentItemForm(forms.ModelForm):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super(PaymentItemForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
self.fields['credit_account'].label = "Bank Account"
In the PaymentItemInline the label is not changing. I have tried changing other attributes e.g. class which work. If I run through the init in debug mode I can see that the label variable is changing however when the form is rendered the field is still labelled credit account. Any suggestions?
You're 98% of the way there. Instead of trying to futz with the form field in __init__, just redefine it in your ModelForm. If you name it the same thing, django will be able to figure out that it is supposed to validate & save to the ForeignKey field. You can use the same formula to change a Field or Widget completely for a given field in a ModelForm.
You can find the default form field types for each model field type here: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/forms/modelforms/#field-types
class PaymentItemForm(forms.ModelForm):
credit_account = forms.ModelChoiceField(label="Bank Account", queryset=Account.objects.all())
That's it. No need to override any functions at all : )
Incidentally, the docs for this field are here: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/forms/fields/#modelchoicefield