Saved file not showing up in directory using C++ - c++

I have a simple I/O program, but when I save a file it is not being created in the project directory or anywhere else on my computer. It all compiles fine, all the functions work, but upon loading I receive a blank file. How can I fix this?
I'm using Xcode also.
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
class Person
{
public:
Person(){cout << "\n\tA person has been built. Edit their Info";}
~Person();
void setName(string nameIn){name = nameIn;}
void setOccupation(string occupationIn){occupation = occupationIn;}
void setLocation(string locationIn){location = locationIn;}
void setReferences(string referencesIn){references = referencesIn;}
string getName(){return name;}
string getOccupation(){return occupation;}
string getLocation(){return location;}
string getReferences(){return references;}
private:
string name;
string occupation;
string location;
string references;
};
void CreatePerson();
void EditPerson();
void DisplayPerson();
void SavePerson();
void LoadPerson();
Person * Pptr;
int main(void)
{
char choice[10];
Pptr = new Person();
cout << "\n\tPersonnel Database";
while (choice[0] != 'q')
{
cout << "\n\t--------------MAIN MENU---------";
cout << "\n\t (C)reate a Person";
cout << "\n\t (E)dit a Person";
cout << "\n\t (D)isplay a Perosn";
cout << "\n\t (S)ave a Perosn";
cout << "\n\t (L)oad a Person";
cout << "\n\t (Q)uit";
cout << "\n\t";
cin >> choice;
switch(choice[0])
{
case 'c': CreatePerson();break;
case 'e': EditPerson();break;
case 'd': DisplayPerson(); break;
case 's': SavePerson();break;
case 'l': LoadPerson();break;
case 'q': cout << "Exiting...";break;
default: cout <<"\n\tInvalid Entry";
}
}
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
void CreatePerson()
{
Pptr = new Person();
}
void EditPerson()
{
string tempInfo;
cout << "\n\tEdit Personnel record";
cout << "\n\tName: ";
cin.ignore();
getline(cin,tempInfo);
Pptr->setName(tempInfo);
cout << "\n\tOccupation: ";
getline(cin,tempInfo);
Pptr-> setOccupation(tempInfo);
cout << "\n\tLocation: ";
getline(cin,tempInfo);
Pptr->setLocation(tempInfo);
cout << "\n\tReferences: ";
getline(cin,tempInfo);
Pptr->setReferences(tempInfo);
}
void DisplayPerson()
{
cout << "\n\tPersonnel Record";
cout << "\n\tName: " << Pptr->getName();
cout << "\n\tOccupation: "<< Pptr->getOccupation();
cout << "\n\tLocation: " << Pptr->getLocation();
cout << "\n\tReferences: " << Pptr->getReferences();
}
void SavePerson()
{
try
{
ofstream data;
data.open("personnelData.file",ios::out);
data << Pptr->getName() << "\n"; // \n is the delimiter
data << Pptr->getOccupation() << "\n";
data << Pptr->getLocation()<< "\n";
data << Pptr->getReferences() << "\n";
data.close();
cout << "\n\tSuccessfully Saved";
}
catch (exception e) {
cout << "\n\tcould not save Person.";
}
}
void LoadPerson()
{
try
{
string tempInfo;
Pptr = new Person();
ifstream in;
in.open("data.txt", ios::in);
getline(in, tempInfo);
Pptr->setName(tempInfo);
getline(in, tempInfo);
Pptr->setOccupation(tempInfo);
getline(in, tempInfo);
Pptr->setLocation(tempInfo);
getline(in, tempInfo);
Pptr->setReferences(tempInfo);
}
catch (exception e) {
cout <<"\n\tUnable to load file";
}
}

Your file is in the bin directory; check there.
Because you are not given the file path that means it is created by default in the bin directory.
To save it in your required directory, you need to give your required directory path.

Suggestions: Do all the following, then omit stages:
1) Call SavePerson directly from main, to make sure it's get called.
2) Give the file name a full path, like c:\\file.txt.
3) Try a different extension than .file, like, for example, .txt.

Related

The code compiles it does not read staff.txt

The code compiles it does not read staff.txt. Not sure how to fix in the code. the error must be in reading the staff.txt of the code. Does anyone have an idea? output is in the image provided. Background on the question:
You are tasked to create 2 ADTs: customers and staff. Each customer will have a first and last name, an indication if the customer is enrolled in the “preferred” program, the car they are driving, and the amount of money owed to the company. On the other hand, each staff member will have a first and last name, the car they are driving, and their salary. In a real-world problem, there would obviously be more records associated with each staff member and customer.
ODU rentals would like you to automatically process txt files and print the information to the console screen. When you perform this process, ensure that your member variables are private. In addition, be sure to use getter and setter functions to manipulate and print your data. You may print your data in any format as long as it is organized. An example of correct output can be seen below.
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <string>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
class Customer {
string fname;
string lname;
int enroll;
string car;
float amount;
public:
//Defining the customer ADT
Customer();
void setFirstName(string fnm);
void setLastName(string lnm);
void setEnroll(int e);
void setCarName(string cnm);
void setAmount(float amt);
string getFirstName();
string getLastName();
int getEnroll();
string getCarName();
float getAmount();
void printData();
};
Customer::Customer() {
fname = lname = car = "";
enroll = 0;
amount = 0;
}
void Customer::setFirstName(string fnm) {
fname = fnm;
}
void Customer::setLastName(string lnm) {
lname = lnm;
}
void Customer::setEnroll(int e) {
enroll = e;
}
void Customer::setCarName(string cnm) {
car = cnm;
}
void Customer::setAmount(float amt) {
amount = amt;
}
string Customer::getFirstName() {
return(fname);
}
string Customer::getLastName() {
return(lname);
}
int Customer::getEnroll() {
return(enroll);
}
string Customer::getCarName() {
return(car);
}
float Customer::getAmount() {
return(amount);
}
void Customer:: printData() {
cout << left << setw(25) << getFirstName()+" "+getLastName() << left <<setw(15) << getEnroll();
cout << left << setw(15) << getCarName() << left << setw(15) << fixed << setprecision(2) << getAmount() << endl;
}
class Staff {
string fname;
string lname;
string car;
float salary;
public:
//Defining staff ADT
Staff();
void setFirstName(string fnm);
void setLastName(string lnm);
void setCarName(string cnm);
void setSalary(float sal);
string getFirstName();
string getLastName();
string getCarName();
float getSalary();
void printData();
};
Staff::Staff() {
fname = lname = car = "";
salary = 0;
}
void Staff::setFirstName(string fnm) {
fname = fnm;
}
void Staff:: setLastName(string lnm) {
lname = lnm;
}
void Staff::setCarName(string cnm) {
car = cnm;
}
void Staff::setSalary(float sal) {
salary = sal;
}
string Staff::getFirstName() {
return(fname);
}
string Staff::getLastName() {
return(lname);
}
string Staff::getCarName() {
return(car);
}
float Staff::getSalary() {
return(salary);
}
void Staff:: printData() {
cout << left << setw(25) << getFirstName()+" "+getLastName() << left << setw(15);
cout << getCarName() << left << setw(15) << fixed << setprecision(2) << getSalary() <<endl;
}
//Main function
//Read txt files
int main() {
string fnm, lnm, carnm;
float amt, sal;
int e, i=0, recno;
ifstream fstaff("staff.txt");
if(!fstaff) {
cout << "File can not be opened" << endl;
exit(1);
}
fstaff >> recno;
Staff s[recno];
cout << left<<setw(25) << "Name" << left << setw(15) << "Car" << left << setw(15) << "Salary" <<endl;
cout << "____________________________________________________________________________" << endl;
for(i=0; i<recno; i++) {
fstaff>>fnm>>lnm>>carnm>>sal;
s[i].setFirstName(fnm);
s[i].setLastName(lnm);
s[i].setCarName(carnm);
s[i].setSalary(sal);
s[i].printData();
}
fstaff.close();
ifstream fcust("customers.txt");
if(!fcust) {
cout << "File can not be opened"<<endl;
exit(1);
}
fcust >> recno;
Customer c[recno];
cout << endl << endl;
cout << left << setw(25) << "Name" << left << setw(15) << "Preferred" << left << setw(15) << "Car" << left << setw(15) << "Bill" << endl;
cout <<"____________________________________________________________________________"<<endl;
for(i=0; i<recno; i++) {
fcust >> fnm >> lnm >> e >> carnm >>amt;
c[i].setFirstName(fnm);
c[i].setLastName(lnm);
c[i].setEnroll(e);
c[i].setCarName(carnm);
c[i].setAmount(amt);
c[i].printData();
}
fcust.close();
return 1;
}
Code Output

Two codes; same logic and line of code, one works but other doesn't

I asked this question a couple of hours ago; I want to see if someone can now explain the problem.
One code is about separating items in a grocery; in the end you'll have two(2) bags; a fragileBag and a normalBag.
Other code separates passengers depending on the office they go for pickup; in the end you'll have three(3) types of passengers; ones that go to rio, ones that go to maya, and ones that request elsewhere.
Both codes use the same logic but the passenger code gives an error on a line that works perfectly on the grocery code.
Just to be clear, BOTH CODES RETURN VALUES OF STRING.
ERROR FROM THE PASSENGER CODE:
Error (active) E0304 no instance of overloaded function "std::vector<_Ty,_Alloc>::push_back [with _Ty=trans, _Alloc=std::allocator<trans>]" matches the argument list dataPractice2 C:\Users\javye\source\repos\dataPractice2\dataPractice2\main.cpp 82
and also:
Error C2664 'void std::vector<trans,std::allocator<_Ty>>::push_back(_Ty &&)': cannot convert argument 1 from 'std::string' to 'const _Ty &' dataPractice2 c:\users\javye\source\repos\datapractice2\datapractice2\main.cpp 82
//GROCERY FUNCTION
//separate function
void separateItems(vector<myBag>& newMyVector) {
for (int x = newMyVector.size() - 1; x >= 0; --x) {
if (newMyVector[x].getItem() == "eggs" || newMyVector[x].getItem() == "bread") {
fragileBag.push_back(newMyVector[x].getItem()); //NO PROBLEM HERE
newMyVector.pop_back();
}
else {
normalBag.push_back(newMyVector[x].getItem()); //OR HERE
newMyVector.pop_back();
}
}
}
//PASSENGER FUNCTION
//separate function
void separateP(vector<trans>& newMyVector) {
for (int x = newMyVector.size() - 1; x >= 0; --x) {
if (newMyVector[x].getXoLoc() == "rio") {
rioLoc.push_back(newMyVector[x].getXoLoc()); //PROBLEM HERE
newMyVector.pop_back();
}
else
if (newMyVector[x].getXoLoc() == "maya") {
mayaLoc.push_back(newMyVector[x].getXoLoc()); //HERE
newMyVector.pop_back();
}
else
elseLoc.push_back(newMyVector[x].getXoLoc()); //HERE
newMyVector.pop_back();
}
}
//GROCERY FULL CODE
//HEADER
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
#ifndef BAG_H
#define BAG_H
class myBag {
public:
myBag(); //default constructor
myBag(string anItemName); //overload constructor
void addItem(string anItemName); //mutator
string getItem();//accessor
private:
string itemName;
};
#endif
//SOURCE
#include"bag.h"
myBag::myBag() {
addItem("");
}
myBag::myBag(string anItemName) {
addItem(anItemName);
}
void myBag::addItem(string anItemName) {
itemName = anItemName;
}
string myBag::getItem() {
return itemName;
}
//MAIN
#include"bag.h"
void inputItems(vector<myBag>&); //input data function prototype
void displayQuantity(vector<myBag>&); //display data function prototype
void separateItems(vector<myBag>&); //function that separates items; func prototype
void fragBag(vector<myBag>&); //fragile bag function prototype
void norBag(vector<myBag>&); //normal bag function prototype
vector<myBag> myVector; //main vector
vector<myBag> fragileBag, normalBag; //seconday vectors
string item; //global item variable
int main() {
int option;
try {
do {
cout << "\tMENU"
<< endl << "1) Input Items"
<< endl << "2) Display Quantity"
<< endl << "3) Separate (IMPORTANT)"
<< endl << "4) Display Items in Fragile Bag"
<< endl << "5) Display Items in Normal Bag"
<< endl << "6) Exit Program"
<< endl << endl << "Choose: ";
cin >> option;
if (option > 6) {
throw 404;
}
switch (option) {
case 1: //input
system("cls");
inputItems(myVector);
system("pause");
system("cls");
break;
case 2://display
system("cls");
displayQuantity(myVector);
system("pause");
system("cls");
break;
case 3: //separate
system("cls");
separateItems(myVector);
system("pause");
system("cls");
break;
case 4: //fragile
system("cls");
fragBag(myVector);
system("pause");
system("cls");
break;
case 5: //normal
system("cls");
norBag(myVector);
system("pause");
system("cls");
break;
case 6: //exit
exit(0);
}
} while (option != 6);
}
catch(int x){
cout << "ERROR, OPTION DOESN'T EXITS" << endl;
system("pause");
}
}
//input function
void inputItems(vector<myBag>& newMyVector) {
do {
cout << "Enter grocery items || enter letter X to stop: ";
cin >> item;
if (item != "x")
newMyVector.push_back(myBag(item));
} while (item != "x");
}
//display function
void displayQuantity(vector<myBag>& newMyVector) {
try {
for (int x = 0; x < newMyVector.size(); ++x) {
if (x == 0) {
cout << "Store bag has " << newMyVector.size() << " items in it. These are: " << endl;
}
cout << newMyVector[x].getItem() << endl;
}
if (newMyVector.empty())
throw 404;
}
catch (int x) {
cout << "ERROR " << x << " ,QUANTITY NOT FOUND" << endl;
}
}
//separate function
void separateItems(vector<myBag>& newMyVector) {
for (int x = newMyVector.size() - 1; x >= 0; --x) {
if (newMyVector[x].getItem() == "eggs" || newMyVector[x].getItem() == "bread") {
fragileBag.push_back(newMyVector[x].getItem()); //PROBLEM WOULD APPEAR HERE, BUT DOESN'T, UNLIKE THE OTHER CODE
newMyVector.pop_back();
}
else {
normalBag.push_back(newMyVector[x].getItem());
newMyVector.pop_back();
}
}
}
//fragile bag function
void fragBag(vector<myBag>& newMyVector) {
try {
for (int x = 0; x < fragileBag.size(); ++x) {
if (x == 0) {
cout << "The fragile bag has " << fragileBag.size() << " items in it. These are: " << endl;
}
cout << fragileBag[x].getItem() << endl;
}
if (fragileBag.empty()) {
throw 404;
}
}
catch (int x) {
cout << "ERROR " << x << " ,FRAGILE BAG EMPTY" << endl;
}
}
//normal bag function
void norBag(vector<myBag>& newMyVector) {
try {
for (int x = 0; x < normalBag.size(); ++x) {
if (x == 0) {
cout << "The normal bag has " << normalBag.size() << " items in it. These are: " << endl;
}
cout << normalBag[x].getItem() << endl;
}
if (normalBag.empty()) {
throw 404;
}
}
catch (int x) {
cout << "ERROR " << x <<" , NORMAL BAG EMPTY" << endl;
}
}
//PASSENGER FULL CODE
//HEADER
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
#ifndef TRANSPORT_H
#define TRANSPORT_H
class trans {
public:
trans();
trans(string aName, string anXoLoc, string anXfLoc, string aTime, string aCellNum);
void setName(string aName);
void setXoLoc(string anXoLoc);
void setXfLoc(string anXfLoc);
void setTime(string aTime);
void setCellNum(string aCellNum);
string getName();
string getXoLoc();
string getXfLoc();
string getTime();
string getCellNum();
private:
string name;
string xoLoc; //offices
string xfLoc; //destination
string time;
string cellNum;
};
//SOURCE
#include"transport.h"
trans::trans() {
setName("");
setXoLoc("");
setXfLoc("");
setTime("");
setCellNum("");
}
trans::trans(string aName, string anXoLoc, string anXfLoc, string aTime, string aCellNum) {
setName(aName);
setXoLoc(anXoLoc);
setXfLoc(anXfLoc);
setTime(aTime);
setCellNum(aCellNum);
}
void trans::setName(string aName) {
name = aName;
}
void trans::setXoLoc(string anXoLoc) {
xoLoc = anXoLoc;
}
void trans::setXfLoc(string anXfLoc) {
xfLoc = anXfLoc;
}
void trans::setTime(string aTime) {
time = aTime;
}
void trans::setCellNum(string aCellNum) {
cellNum = aCellNum;
}
string trans::getName() {
return name;
}
string trans::getXoLoc() {
return xoLoc;
}
string trans::getXfLoc() {
return xfLoc;
}
string trans::getTime() {
return time;
}
string trans::getCellNum() {
return cellNum;
}
#endif
//MAIN
#include"transport.h"
void inputInfo(vector<trans> &);
void displayInput(vector<trans>&);
void separateP(vector<trans>&);
void rio(vector<trans>&);
void maya(vector<trans>&);
void elsewhere(vector<trans>&);
vector<trans> myVector;
vector<trans> rioLoc, mayaLoc, elseLoc;
string newName;
string newXoLoc; //offices
string newXfLoc; //destination
string newTime;
string newCellNum;
//main not ready. Creating each function one by one to them make it look nice
int main() {
int option;
do {
cout << "MENU"
<< endl << "1) input "
<< endl << "2) output "
<< endl << "3) separate"
<< endl << "4) rio passengers"
<< endl << "5) maya passengers"
<< endl << "6) elsewhere passengers";
cin >> option;
switch(option){
case 1:
inputInfo(myVector);
break;
case 2:
displayInput(myVector);
break;
case 3:
separateP(myVector);
break;
case 4:
rio(myVector);
break;
case 5:
maya(myVector);
break;
case 6:
elsewhere(myVector);
break;
case 7:
exit(0);
}
} while (option != 7);
system("pause");
}
void inputInfo(vector<trans> &newMyVector) {
int charSize;
cout << "How many passangers to register: ";
cin >> charSize;
for (int x = 0; x < charSize; ++x) {
cout << "Name of passanger: ";
cin >> newName;
cout << "Office: ";
cin >> newXoLoc;
cout << "Destination: ";
cin >> newXfLoc;
cout << "Time of pickup: ";
cin >> newTime;
cout << "Cellphone: ";
cin >> newCellNum;
if (charSize != 0)
newMyVector.push_back(trans(newName, newXoLoc, newXfLoc, newTime, newCellNum));
}
}
void displayInput(vector<trans>& newMyVector) {
for (int x = 0; x < newMyVector.size(); ++x) {
if (x == 0) {
cout << "There are " << newMyVector.size() << " passengers. These are: " << endl;
}
cout << "-----------------------------Passenger #" << x + 1 << endl;
cout << newMyVector[x].getName() << endl;
cout << newMyVector[x].getXoLoc() << endl;
cout << newMyVector[x].getXfLoc() << endl;
cout << newMyVector[x].getTime() << endl;
cout << newMyVector[x].getCellNum() << endl;
}
}
void separateP(vector<trans>& newMyVector) {
for (int x = newMyVector.size() - 1; x >= 0; --x) {
if (newMyVector[x].getXoLoc() == "rio") {
rioLoc.push_back(newMyVector[x]);
newMyVector.pop_back();
}
else
if (newMyVector[x].getXoLoc() == "maya") {
mayaLoc.push_back(newMyVector[x]);
newMyVector.pop_back();
}
else
elseLoc.push_back(newMyVector[x]);
newMyVector.pop_back();
}
}
void rio(vector<trans>& newMyVector) {
for (int x = 0; x < rioLoc.size(); ++x) {
if (x == 0) {
cout << "Num. of passangers to pickup in Rio Piedras is " << rioLoc.size() << " , these are: " << endl;
}
cout << rioLoc[x].getName() << endl;
cout << rioLoc[x].getXoLoc() << endl;
cout << rioLoc[x].getXfLoc() << endl;
cout << rioLoc[x].getTime() << endl;
cout << rioLoc[x].getCellNum() << endl;
}
}
void maya(vector<trans>& newMyVector) {
for (int x = 0; x < mayaLoc.size(); ++x) {
if (x == 0) {
cout << "Num. of passangers to pickup in Mayaguez is " << mayaLoc.size() << " , these are: " << endl;
}
cout << mayaLoc[x].getName() << endl;
cout << mayaLoc[x].getXoLoc() << endl;
cout << mayaLoc[x].getXfLoc() << endl;
cout << mayaLoc[x].getTime() << endl;
cout << mayaLoc[x].getCellNum() << endl;
}
}
void elsewhere(vector<trans>& newMyVector) {
for (int x = 0; x < elseLoc.size(); ++x) {
if (x == 0) {
cout << "Num. of passangers to pickup in elsewhere is " << elseLoc.size() << " , these are: " << endl;
}
cout << elseLoc[x].getName() << endl;
cout << elseLoc[x].getXoLoc() << endl;
cout << elseLoc[x].getXfLoc() << endl;
cout << elseLoc[x].getTime() << endl;
cout << elseLoc[x].getCellNum() << endl;
}
}
To explain why the second code does not work I first have to explain why the first code appears to work.
myBag::myBag(string anItemName)
can make a bag out of a string. It is a Conversion Constructor. So when
fragileBag.push_back(newMyVector[x].getItem());
is compiled, the compiler quietly inserts a call to the myBag(string) constructor and you get something more like
fragileBag.push_back(myBag(newMyVector[x].getItem()));
which makes no sense logically. It says turn an item in a bag into a bag with one item and insert this new bag into still another bag, fragileBag.
When you look more closely at myBag, you see that it isn't a bag at all. It is a single item and should be renamed to myItem or discarded all together in favour of an all-new all-different myBag that is a wrapper around a vector of string where the strings represent items. This makes
myBag fragileBag;
the real bag.
In other words, the only reason the working code works is it doesn't actually do what the naming implies it does. The code compiles and produces the expected result, but is semantically troubled.
This leads to the confusion with
rioLoc.push_back(newMyVector[x].getXoLoc());
rioLoc is a vector<trans> and can only hold trans. There is no trans::trans(string) to convert a string to a trans so the faulty logic of the grocery code is exposed. As bag and item have been intertwined in grocery, passenger and transport are combined here.
The fix for grocery described above is relatively straight forward. Passenger will need a slightly different solution with both a passenger class to describe the passengers and a transport class to describe the means of transport. transport will have a vector<passenger> member to contain its passengers as well as methods to add and remove the passengers and possibly book-keeping to track the location of the transport, details incompletely specified by the question.
Both codes are pushing string values into a vector that does not hold string values.
Your grocery code uses a vector of myBag objects. The code works because myBag has a non-explicit constructor that takes a single string as input, so the compiler is able to implicitly construct a temporary myBag object to push into the vector.
Your passenger code uses a vector of trans objects. The code fails because trans does not have a constructor that takes a single string as input, so the compiler cannot construct a temporary trans to push into the vector.

How could I use (char) to take sentences and output them(c++)?

While working on this project for my younger cousin, I encountered many difficulties. I was wondering if someone could help me use char to output complete sentences (or help me fix these bugs.) I'm a relatively new programmer (about 8 months). Here's my code/ what I have attempted. Most of the bugs cause the program to freeze once a sentence is imputed, or the files not responding when opened.
#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<cctype>
#include<iomanip>
class legoset
{
char setcatname[25];
char name[50];
char legoinclude[25];
char legotype[25];
public:
void create_category();
void show_category() const;
void modify();
void report() const;
int retacno() const;
};
void legoset::create_category()
{
std::cout << "Please enter a category name : \n";
std::cin >> setcatname;
//std::cin.getline(setcatname, 25);
std::cout << "Please enter your username! \n";
std::cin >> name;
std::cin.ignore();
std::cin.getline(name, 50);
std::cout << name << " , is it a vehicle or building (V/B)?\n";
std::cin >> legotype;
legotype[25] = toupper(legotype[25]);
std::cin.getline(legotype, 25);
std::cout << "\n Please enter the name of the lego set. \n";
std::cin >> legoinclude;
//std::cin.getline(legoinclude, 25);
std::cout << "\n\n Category Created Successfully!!!";
return;
}
void legoset::show_category() const
{
std::cout << "Category : \n" << setcatname;
std::cout << "Username Of Holder \n: " << name;
std::cout << " Lego type (B/V) : " << legotype;
std::cout << " Lego set (with details) : " << legoinclude;
return;
}
void legoset::modify()
{
std::cout << "Category : \n" << setcatname[25];
std::cout << "\nModify Holder's name : ";
std::cin.ignore();
std::cin.getline(name, 50);
std::cout << "\nModify A Building or vehicle class ( B/V ) : ";
std::cin >> legotype[25];
legotype[25] = toupper(legotype[25]);
std::cout << "\nModify Lego set (with details) : ";
std::cin >> legoinclude[25];
}
void legoset::report() const
{
std::cout << setcatname[25] << std::setw(10) << " " << name << std::setw(10) << " " << legotype[25] << std::setw(6) << legoinclude[25] << std::endl;
}
int legoset::retacno() const
{
return setcatname[25];
}
void write_legoset(); //function to write record in binary file
void display_sp(int); //function to display account details given by user
void modify_set(int); //function to modify record of file
void delete_set(int); //function to delete record of file
void display_all(); //function to display all account details
void intro(); //introductory screen function
int main()
{
char choice;
int num;
intro();
do
{
system("cls");
std::cout << "\n\n\n\tMAIN MENU";
std::cout << "\n\n\t01. New Category";
std::cout << "\n\n\t02. ADD A NEW SET";
std::cout << "\n\n\t03. ALL USERS HOLDER LIST";
std::cout << "\n\n\t04. DELETE A CATEGORY";
std::cout << "\n\n\t05. MODIFY A CATEGORY";
std::cout << "\n\n\t06. EXIT";
std::cout << "\n\n\tSelect Your Option (1-6) ";
std::cin >> choice;
system("cls");
switch (choice)
{
case '1':
write_legoset();
break;
case '2':
std::cout << "\n\n\tEnter The category Name : "; std::cin >> num;
display_sp(num);
break;
case '3':
display_all();
break;
case '4':
std::cout << "\n\n\tEnter The Category Name : "; std::cin >> num;
delete_set(num);
break;
case '5':
std::cout << "\n\n\tEnter The Category Name : "; std::cin >> num;
modify_set(num);
break;
case '6':
std::cout << "\n\n\tThanks for using lego managemnt system!";
std::exit;
break;
default: std::cout << "\a";
}
std::cin.ignore();
std::cin.get();
} while (choice != '6');
return 0;
}
//***************************************************************
// function to write in file
//****************************************************************
void write_legoset()
{
legoset lego;
std::ofstream outFile;
outFile.open("legoset.dat", std::ios::binary | std::ios::app);
lego.create_category();
outFile.write(reinterpret_cast<char *> (&lego), sizeof(legoset));
outFile.close();
}
//***************************************************************
// function to read specific record from file
//****************************************************************
void display_sp(int n)
{
legoset lego;
bool flag = false;
std::ifstream inFile;
inFile.open("legoset.dat", std::ios::binary);
if (!inFile)
{
std::cout << "File could not be open !! Press any Key...";
return;
}
std::cout << "\nLEGOSET DETAILS\n";
while (inFile.read(reinterpret_cast<char *> (&lego), sizeof(legoset)))
{
if (lego.retacno() == n)
{
lego.show_category();
flag = true;
}
}
inFile.close();
if (flag == false)
std::cout << "\n\nLego set does not exist in this file";
}
//***************************************************************
// function to modify record of file
//****************************************************************
void modify_set(int n)
{
bool found = false;
legoset lego;
std::fstream File;
File.open("legoset.dat", std::ios::binary | std::ios::in | std::ios::out);
if (!File)
{
std::cout << "File could not be open !! Press any Key...";
return;
}
while (!File.eof() && found == false)
{
File.read(reinterpret_cast<char *> (&lego), sizeof(legoset));
if (lego.retacno() == n)
{
lego.show_category();
std::cout << "\n\nPlease Enter The New Details For This Category." << std::endl;
lego.modify();
int pos = (-1)*static_cast<int>(sizeof(legoset));
File.seekp(pos, std::ios::cur);
File.write(reinterpret_cast<char *> (&lego), sizeof(legoset));
std::cout << "\n\n\t Category Updated!";
found = true;
}
}
File.close();
if (found == false)
std::cout << "\n\n Category Not Found ";
}
//***************************************************************
// function to delete record of file
//****************************************************************
void delete_set(int n)
{
legoset lego;
std::ifstream inFile;
std::ofstream outFile;
inFile.open("legoset.dat", std::ios::binary);
if (!inFile)
{
std::cout << "File could not be open !! Press any Key...";
return;
}
outFile.open("Temp.dat", std::ios::binary);
inFile.seekg(0, std::ios::beg);
while (inFile.read(reinterpret_cast<char *> (&lego), sizeof(legoset)))
{
if (lego.retacno() != n)
{
outFile.write(reinterpret_cast<char *> (&lego), sizeof(legoset));
}
}
inFile.close();
outFile.close();
remove("legoset.dat");
rename("Temp.dat", "legoset.dat");
std::cout << "\n\n\tCategory Deleted ..";
}
//***************************************************************
// function to display all accounts deposit list
//****************************************************************
void display_all()
{
legoset lego;
std::ifstream inFile;
inFile.open("legoset.dat", std::ios::binary);
if (!inFile)
{
std::cout << "File could not be open !! Press any Key...";
return;
}
std::cout << "\n\n\t\tUSER HOLDER LIST\n\n";
std::cout << "====================================================\n";
std::cout << "A/c no. NAME Type Balance\n";
std::cout << "====================================================\n";
while (inFile.read(reinterpret_cast<char *> (&lego), sizeof(legoset)))
{
lego.report();
}
inFile.close();
}
void intro()
{
std::cout << "\n\n\n\t LEGOSET";
std::cout << "\n\n\tMANAGEMENT";
std::cout << "\n\n\t SYSTEM";
std::cout << "\n\n\n\nMADE BY : Philippe Barry";
std::cin.get();
}
//***************************************************************
// END OF PROJECT
//***************************************************************
Note that array indices in C++ go from 0 to one less than the array size. Thus index 0 is the first element, index 1 is the second, etc. Thus if you declare a char array to be size 25, then accessing index 25 is past the end of the array and results in undefined behavior — your program may crash, freeze up, or literally anything else. Additionally, accessing index 24 would just give you the “null character” that comes after every string. If you’re sure that the input will be 24 characters long (and you shouldn’t be), then index 23 would contain the last character.
You really shouldn’t be using static-length char arrays in C++, anyway. Your current code, even if it worked most of the time with the char arrays, would fail when the input string was larger than the size of the array. Replace the types of all the char arrays with std::string, and the input function should work.
Furthermore, as Sam Varsavchik nicely put, don’t write an entire program at once. That makes it a nightmare to debug. Write your code in chunks — first write the input function, and a debug function that prints out the values of all the member variables. Debug that bit first, then go on to the rest.

C++ read/write to binary file. on program exit it gives System.AccessViolationException

This C++ program is created using Visual Studio 2010. It's a group project that has everyone in class stumped.
The program initially starts fine and the user can run through the program and add items that are written out to file. the items are read back in and displayed. When the user is done, on the program exiting return 0; it gives me "An unhandled exception of type System.AccessViolationException occurred. Attempted to read or write protected memory. This is often an indication that other memory is corrupt."
When this happens it opens up a file called utility here => for (_Iterator_base12 **_Pnext = &_Myproxy->_Myfirstiter; *_Pnext != 0; *_Pnext = (*_Pnext)->_Mynextiter) (*_Pnext)->_Myproxy = 0.
I can fix this by replacing return 0; with exit(0);
I know it's not a real fix though and just a band-aid over a bullet hole that is causing this issue.
After fixing (used very loosely here) that, then running the program again, it attempts to load the data file from the file system. It reads and loads the 1st item into a vector correctly but when it goes back to the start of the loop we see the same exception pop up, An unhandled exception of type System.AccessViolationException occurred.
This is the first project we have worked on using fstream and binary i/o. We had worked through a similar program that was just reading and writing strings w/out any issues.I believe that the issue stems from something in the fileHandler class but am having a difficult time pinpointing what is causing this issue.Any advice/help is greatly appreciated.Here is the code.stdafx.h
// stdafx.h : include file for standard system include files,
// or project specific include files that are used frequently, but
// are changed infrequently
//
#pragma once
#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sstream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string.h>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <time.h>
Week2.cpp (the main file for the project)
//Week2.cpp *******************
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "fileHandler.h"
using namespace std;
using namespace System;
int main(array<System::String ^> ^args)
{
fileHandler theFile("store.pkl");
vector<item> itemStack = theFile.getFile();
cout << "SKU Name Dept Vendor Max Order onHand" << endl;
cout << "-------------------------------------------" << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < itemStack.size(); i++)
{
cout << itemStack[i].toString() << endl;
}
vector<item> newStack;
//prompt for input
bool doneEditing = false;
while(!doneEditing)
{
int A;
int E;
int F;
int G;
string B;
string C;
string D;
string tempString;
cout << "Enter item info:" << endl << "Item SKU: ";
cin >> A;
cout << endl << "Item Name: ";
cin >> B;
cout << endl << "Item Dept: ";
cin >> C;
cout << endl << "Vendor Name: ";
cin >> D;
cout << endl << "Max Number: ";
cin >> E;
cout << endl << "Reorder Number: ";
cin >> F;
cout << endl << "OnHand Number: ";
cin >> G;
cout << endl << "Done?? Y/N: ";
cin >> tempString;
cout << endl;
item tempItem = item(A, B, C, D, E, F, G);
newStack.push_back(tempItem);
if (tempString == "Y" || tempString == "y")
{
doneEditing = true;
}
}
cout << "Saving stack to file" << endl;
theFile.putFile(newStack);
cout << "Items written to file" << endl;
vector<item> newFileStack = theFile.getFile();
cout << "After reload: " << endl;
cout << "SKU Name Dept Vendor Max Order onHand" << endl;
cout << "-------------------------------------------" << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < newFileStack.size(); i++)
{
cout << newFileStack[i].toString() << endl;
}
cout << "Thank you for using the Awesome Grocery Inventory Application" << endl;
system("PAUSE");
/*return 0; this breaks with same error as
when reading in saved file after application restart
*/
exit(0);
}
item.h
using namespace std;
#pragma once
class item
{
public:
item();
item(int sku, string name, string dept, string vendor, int max, int reorder, int onhand);
~item(void);
string toString();
int ItemSKU() const;
void ItemSKU(int val);
string ItemName() const;
void ItemName(string val);
string VendorName() const;
void VendorName(string val);
int MaxNumb() const;
void MaxNumb(int val);
int ReorderNumb() const;
void ReorderNumb(int val);
int OnHandNumb() const;
void OnHandNumb(int val);
private:
int itemSKU;
string itemName;
string itemDept;
string vendorName;
int maxNumb;
int reorderNumb;
int onHandNumb;
};
item.cpp
#include "StdAfx.h"
#include "item.h"
using namespace std;
item::item()
{
};
item::item(int sku, string name, string dept, string vendor, int max, int reorder, int onhand)
{
itemSKU = sku;
itemName = name;
itemDept = dept;
vendorName = vendor;
maxNumb = max;
reorderNumb = reorder;
onHandNumb = onhand;
}
item::~item(void)
{
}
string item::toString()
{
stringstream ss;
ss << itemSKU << "\t" << itemName << "\t" << itemDept << "\t" << vendorName << "\t" << maxNumb << "\t" << reorderNumb << "\t" << onHandNumb;
string s = ss.str();
return s;
}
int item::ItemSKU() const { return itemSKU; }
void item::ItemSKU(int val) { itemSKU = val; }
string item::ItemName() const { return itemName; }
void item::ItemName(string val) { itemName = val; }
string item::VendorName() const { return vendorName; }
void item::VendorName(string val) { vendorName = val; }
int item::MaxNumb() const { return maxNumb; }
void item::MaxNumb(int val) { maxNumb = val; }
int item::ReorderNumb() const { return reorderNumb; }
void item::ReorderNumb(int val) { reorderNumb = val; }
int item::OnHandNumb() const { return onHandNumb; }
void item::OnHandNumb(int val) { onHandNumb = val; }
fileHandler.h
#include "item.h"
using namespace std;
#pragma once
class fileHandler
{
public:
fileHandler(string);
~fileHandler(void);
vector<item> getFile();
void putFile(vector<item> &);
private:
string theFileName;
};
fileHandler.cpp
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "fileHandler.h"
using namespace std;
fileHandler::fileHandler(string name)
{
theFileName = name.c_str();
}
fileHandler::~fileHandler(void)
{
}
vector<item> fileHandler::getFile()
{
ifstream inFile;
string fileLine;
vector<item> localStack;
inFile.open(theFileName, ios::in|ios::binary);
if (inFile)
{
cout << "Getting file..." << endl;
cout << endl;
// not working on initial load if file is present at start
inFile.seekg(0);
while(!inFile.eof())
{
item tempItem;
inFile.read(reinterpret_cast< char * >(&tempItem), sizeof(item));
localStack.push_back(tempItem);
cout << "item added to stack" << endl;
} //breaks from here after reading in 1 item from saved file on reopen
} else {
ofstream newFile;
newFile.open(theFileName, ios::out|ios::binary);
newFile.close();
cout << "Creating new file..." << endl;
cout << endl;
inFile.open(theFileName, ios::in|ios::binary);
}
inFile.clear();
inFile.close();
if (localStack.size() > 0)
{
//removes some dirty data from end of stack
localStack.pop_back();
}
return localStack;
}
void fileHandler::putFile( vector<item> &items )
{
ofstream outFile;
outFile.open(theFileName, ios::out|ios::binary);
if(!outFile)
{
cerr<<"File could not be created"<<endl;
system("pause");
exit(1);
}
for (int i = 0; i < items.size(); i++)
{
outFile.write(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(&items[i]), sizeof(item));
}
outFile.clear();
outFile.close();
}
You cannot perform binary I/O this way with an object that contains std::string members. A std::string contains pointer(s) to dynamically allocated memory for its actual contents. You need to perform some type of serialization instead. The usual suggestion is Boost serialization.

C++ simple string replace, non complicated code, but producing crazy error

First, thank for you all your help!
The error I am getting is:
Unhandled exception at 0x7c812afb
(kernel32.dll) in Readerboard.exe:
Microsoft C++ exception:
std::out_of_range at memory location
0x0012f8a8..
I have found the problem to be with this line:
str.replace(str.find(sought), sought.size(), replacement);
It is located in this procedure:
void DisplayMessages() {
ifstream myReadFile;
string str;
static string myMessages[10];
static int i; // of course my famous i
static int MyPosition;
string sought;
string replacement;
myReadFile.open("C:\\Documents and Settings\\agerho000\\Desktop\\cms_export_test\\outages.htm",ios::in);
i = 0; //the start of my array
sought = "</td>"; // value that I want to replace with nothing
replacement.clear();
if(!myReadFile) // is there any error?
{
cout << "Error opening the file! Aborting…\n";
exit(1);
}
if (myReadFile.is_open())
{
cout << endl;
while (!myReadFile.eof())
{
getline(myReadFile, str);
if (str == "<tr>")
{
myReadFile.seekg(4,ios::cur);
getline(myReadFile, str);
str.replace(str.find(sought), sought.size(), replacement);
cout << str;
myMessages[i]=str;
i++;
}
}
}
i=0;
while (i < 10)
{
cout << i << ") " << myMessages[i] << endl;
i++;
if (myMessages[i]=="")
{
break;
}
}
myReadFile.close();
mainMenu();
}
The whole cpp file is displayed below:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;
void mainMenu();
void DisplayMessages();
void AddMessage();
void DeleteMessage();
void EditMessage();
void RunTests();
void CheckFile();
void CreateHtmlFile(string myMessages[10]);
/*
#define MIN 1
#define MAX 100
#define TRUE 1
#define FALSE 0
*/
int main() {
cout << endl;
cout << endl;
cout << "Hello Andrew.\n";
cout << "First you need some sort of menu.\n";
mainMenu();
return 0;
}
void mainMenu() {
int Command;
cout << endl;
cout << endl;
cout << endl;
cout << "What would you like to do?\n";
// cout << "1) Check that tests work!\n";
// cout << "2) Check that the file exists\n";
cout << "3) Display Messages\n";
// cout << "4) Edit a message\n";
// cout << "5) Add a message\n";
// cout << "6) Delete a message\n";
cout << "7) Exit\n";
cout << "Enter a number: ";
cin >> Command;
if (Command == 3)
{
DisplayMessages();
}
if (Command == 7)
{
cout << "Exiting...";
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
if (Command == 6)
{
DisplayMessages();
}
}
void DisplayMessages() {
ifstream myReadFile;
string str;
static string myMessages[10];
static int i; // of course my famous i
static int MyPosition;
string sought;
string replacement;
myReadFile.open("C:\\Documents and Settings\\agerho000\\Desktop\\cms_export_test\\outages.htm",ios::in);
i = 0; //the start of my array
sought = "</td>"; // value that I want to replace with nothing
replacement.clear();
if(!myReadFile) // is there any error?
{
cout << "Error opening the file! Aborting…\n";
exit(1);
}
if (myReadFile.is_open())
{
cout << endl;
while (!myReadFile.eof())
{
getline(myReadFile, str);
if (str == "<tr>")
{
myReadFile.seekg(4,ios::cur);
getline(myReadFile, str);
str.replace(str.find(sought), sought.size(), replacement);
cout << str;
myMessages[i]=str;
i++;
}
}
}
i=0;
while (i < 10)
{
cout << i << ") " << myMessages[i] << endl;
i++;
if (myMessages[i]=="")
{
break;
}
}
myReadFile.close();
mainMenu();
}
void AddMessage() {
}
/*
void DeleteMessage() {
ifstream myReadFile;
string str;
static string myMessages[10];
static int i; // of course my famous i
static int MyPosition;
string sought;
string replacement;
static int Command;
myReadFile.open("C:\\Documents and Settings\\agerho000\\Desktop\\cms_export_test\\outages.htm",ios::in);
i = 0; //the start of my array
sought = "</b></td>"; // value that I want to replace with nothing
replacement.clear();
if(!myReadFile) // is there any error?
{
cout << "Error opening the file! Aborting…\n";
exit(1);
}
if (myReadFile.is_open())
{
cout << endl;
while (!myReadFile.eof())
{
getline(myReadFile, str);
if (str == "<tr>")
{
myReadFile.seekg(7,ios::cur);
getline(myReadFile, str);
str.replace(str.find(sought), sought.size(), replacement);
myMessages[i]=str;
i++;
}
}
}
i=0;
while (i < 10)
{
cout << i << ") " << myMessages[i] << endl;
i++;
if (myMessages[i]=="")
{
break;
}
}
myReadFile.close();
cout << "Enter the number of the message you would like to delete?\n";
cout << "Or enter 11 to go back to the main menu.\n";
cin >> Command;
while (Command >= 12)
{
cout << "Invalid number, try again!\n";
cout << endl;
cout << "Enter the number of the message you would like to delete?\n";
cout << "Or enter 11 to go back to the main menu.\n";
cin >> Command;
}
if (Command == 11)
{
mainMenu();
}
myMessages[Command].clear();
//clear the string
//now rebuild the htm file with the new array
CreateHtmlFile(myMessages);
}
void EditMessage() {
}
void RunTests() {
}
void CheckFile() {
}
void CreateHtmlFile(string myMessages[])
{
}
//File.seekg(-5); moves the inside pointer 5 characters back
//File.seekg(40); moves the inside pointer 40 characters forward
//tellg() Returns an int type, that shows the current position of the inside-pointer for reading
//tellp() same as above but for writing
//seekp() just like seekg() but for writing
*/
Please help I am so stumped!
str.replace(str.find(sought), sought.size(), replacement); is wrong when str.find() doesn't find what it's looking for. str.find() will return str::npos, which will not be a valid location in the string. Hence, the call to replace fails with the index out of range exception you're seeing.
Change that to:
std::size_t foundIndex = str.find(sought);
if (foundIndex != str.npos)
str.replace(foundIndex, sought.size(), replacement);
else
std::cout << "Oops.. didn't find " << sought << std::endl;
and let us know if that helps you.
EDIT: You might also want to consider using boost::algorithm::replace_all from the Boost String Algorithms Library
A complete function for replacing strings:
std::string ReplaceString(std::string subject, const std::string& search,
const std::string& replace) {
size_t pos = 0;
while ((pos = subject.find(search, pos)) != std::string::npos) {
subject.replace(pos, search.length(), replace);
pos += replace.length();
}
return subject;
}
If you need performance, here is an optimized function that modifies the input string, it does not create a copy of the string:
void ReplaceStringInPlace(std::string& subject, const std::string& search,
const std::string& replace) {
size_t pos = 0;
while ((pos = subject.find(search, pos)) != std::string::npos) {
subject.replace(pos, search.length(), replace);
pos += replace.length();
}
}
Tests:
std::string input = "abc abc def";
std::cout << "Input string: " << input << std::endl;
std::cout << "ReplaceString() return value: "
<< ReplaceString(input, "bc", "!!") << std::endl;
std::cout << "ReplaceString() input string not modified: "
<< input << std::endl;
ReplaceStringInPlace(input, "bc", "??");
std::cout << "ReplaceStringInPlace() input string modified: "
<< input << std::endl;
Output:
Input string: abc abc def
ReplaceString() return value: a!! a!! def
ReplaceString() input string not modified: abc abc def
ReplaceStringInPlace() input string modified: a?? a?? def