how to use a vertexarray in SFML? - c++

I'm trying to draw a texture on a sf::vertexarray
if I call the below code (without the texture), I can display fine a rectangle with red border. When I add the texture, I see nothing.
What am I doing wrong?
sf::VertexArray v_array;
v_array.append(sf::Vertex(sf::Vector2f(1,1) , sf::Color::Red));
v_array.append(sf::Vertex(sf::Vector2f(60,1) , sf::Color::Red));
v_array.append(sf::Vertex(sf::Vector2f(60,10 ), sf::Color::Red));
v_array.append(sf::Vertex(sf::Vector2f(1,10), sf::Color::Red));
v_array.append(sf::Vertex(sf::Vector2f(1,1), sf::Color::Red ));
v_array.setPrimitiveType(sf::LinesStrip);
sf::Texture text;
text.loadFromFile("../ressources/tileset_base.png");
sf::RenderStates rend(&text);
sf::RenderWindow App(sf::VideoMode(800, 600, 32), "SFML Graphics");
// Start game loop
while (App.isOpen())
{
// Process events
sf::Event Event;
while (App.pollEvent(Event))
{
// Close window : exit
if (Event.type == sf::Event::Closed)
App.close();
}
App.clear();
App.draw(v_array/*, rend*/);
App.display();
}

You need to give some texture coordinate to your vertices. You can use one of the following two constructors:
Vertex (const Vector2f &thePosition, const Vector2f &theTexCoords)
Vertex (const Vector2f &thePosition, const Color &theColor, const Vector2f &theTexCoords)
See documentation here
Small tip: if you use only one render state (e.g. only the texture) you can use this shortcut:
App.draw(v_array, &text);

Related

SFML Views vs window confusion

I have this single c++ / SFML code...
#include <SFML/Graphics.hpp>
#define windowWidth 600
#define windowHeight 300
int main()
{
sf::RenderWindow window(sf::VideoMode(windowWidth, windowHeight), "SFML Views");
sf::View view(sf::FloatRect(0,0, windowWidth, windowHeight));
view.zoom(2);
window.setView(view);
sf::RectangleShape back (sf::Vector2f(windowWidth, windowHeight));
back.setFillColor(sf::Color::White);
sf::RectangleShape rect (sf::Vector2f(200, 100));
rect.setFillColor(sf::Color::Red);
rect.setPosition(windowWidth - rect.getSize().x, windowHeight - rect.getSize().y); // position in the lower right corner
while (window.isOpen())
{
sf::Event event;
while (window.pollEvent(event))
{
if (event.type == sf::Event::Closed)
window.close();
}
window.clear();
window.draw(back);
window.draw(rect);
window.display();
}
return 0;
}
...which might position the red rectangle in the lower right corner of the window.
However, when I zoom the view in (as in the code), it obviously moves along with the entire window like this image.
I have some doubts:
To correct the positioning of the red rectangle and place it in the lower right corner of the global window, I currently have to do some calculations considering the zoom factor, original rectangle size, etc. Is there any easier way to position this rectangle in the lower-right corner of the global window?
How do I prevent some objects from being resized by the zoom of the view?
What do I have to do to have multiple active views in the same window?
Is there any easier way to position this rectangle in the lower-right corner of the global window?
From SFML 2D camera tutorial: "To draw something using a view, you must draw it after calling the setView function of the target to which you are drawing"
So the drawing part should be
window.clear();
window.setView(view);
window.draw(back);
window.setView(window.getDefaultView()); //don't zoom red rect
window.draw(rect);
window.display();
What do I have to do to have multiple active views in the same window?
Just call setView() for each active view and then drawing all the things in that view (again, if needed)
window.setView(leftHalfView);
window.draw(a);
window.draw(b);
window.draw(c);
window.setView(rightHalfView);
window.draw(a);
window.draw(b);
window.draw(c);
window.setView(minimap);
window.draw(a);
window.draw(b);
window.setView(window.getDefaultView());
window.draw(x);
window.draw(y);

SFML Pixel Perfect Collision limited to a view?

In this code I have one view (white, zoom 2) and the original window, also one sprite for a car and one sprite for a wall...
#include <SFML/Graphics.hpp>
#include "collision.hpp"
#define windowWidth 1000
#define windowHeight 600
int main()
{
sf::RenderWindow window(sf::VideoMode(windowWidth, windowHeight), "SFML Views");
sf::View view(sf::FloatRect(0,0, windowWidth, windowHeight));
view.zoom(2);
// car
sf::Texture imgCar;
Collision::CreateTextureAndBitmask(imgCar, "carro.png" );
sf::Sprite car;
car.setTexture(imgCar);
car.setPosition(0, (windowHeight - imgCar.getSize().y) / 2);
// wall
sf::Texture imgWall;
Collision::CreateTextureAndBitmask( imgWall, "barreira.png" );
sf::Sprite wall;
wall.setTexture(imgWall);
wall.setPosition(windowWidth - imgWall.getSize().x, 0);
sf::RectangleShape background (sf::Vector2f(windowWidth, windowHeight));
background.setFillColor(sf::Color::White);
while (window.isOpen())
{
sf::Event event;
while (window.pollEvent(event))
{
if (event.type == sf::Event::Closed)
window.close();
}
if (!Collision::PixelPerfectTest(car, wall))
car.move(0.1, 0);
window.clear();
window.setView(view);
window.draw(background);
window.setView(window.getDefaultView());
window.draw(car);
window.draw(wall);
window.display();
}
return 0;
}
... if both car and wall are related with the main window, I get a perfect car collision with the wall. (see image).
Now if I put the car inside the view ...
window.clear();
window.setView(view);
window.draw(background);
window.draw(car);
window.setView(window.getDefaultView());
window.draw(wall);
window.display();
... the collision is detected as if the wall were within the boundaries of the view (which is zoomed in) (see image).
How can I make the collision detection independent of the view?

SFML 2.4.2 Co-ordinate system offset

I am writing a small program using SFML which draws a 5 x 5 rectangle at any point specified by clicking the mouse.
I am using mapPixelToCoords() to map the mouse coordinates to the pixels as recommended in the documentation, however I am still encountering a weird offset between the coordinates and the actual shape which is drawn.
The offset varies on different parts of the window (it is not a constant x,y value).
I would like the rectangle to be drawn precisely under the mouse pointer, how do I go about removing this offset?
This is the code I'm using to draw the rectangle on click:
Screenshot of offset in the window
int main(){
sf::RenderWindow window(sf::VideoMode(800, 720), "SFML window");
sf::Event event;
//Rectangle to be drawn on the screen
sf::RectangleShape someRect;
someRect.setFillColor(sf::Color(0, 0, 0));
someRect.setSize({ 5, 5 });
someRect.setPosition(100, 120);
while (window.isOpen())
{
if (!windowStarted) {
event.type = sf::Event::Closed;
}
while (window.pollEvent(event))
{
// Close window: exit
if (event.type == sf::Event::Closed) {
window.close();
}
if (event.type == sf::Event::MouseButtonPressed) {
someRect.setPosition(window.mapPixelToCoords(sf::Mouse::getPosition(window)));
}
}
window.clear(sf::Color(255, 255, 255));
window.draw(someRect);
window.display();
}
return 0;
}

How to draw on a single buffer for generative art purposes

I'm actually facing a issue I can't solve by myself, using SFML I have a single shape, and I'm moving it at each frame, and then I draw it. The problem is, SFML using two buffers, the trail won't be the same on each buffer (frame) and it will give a weird blinking effect.
I need your knowledge, should I find another way of doing it, like an array of shapes that I'll extend. Or is there a way to skip the second buffer? Making this buffer a piece of paper, and my shape the brush.
sf::CircleShape circle;
//Init the circle (radius etc)
sf::Vector2f pos(0, 500);
while(!done)
{
pos.x += 1;
circle.setPosition(pos);
window.draw(circle);
window.display();
}
May you spend a nice day.
you can achieve that by using sf::RenderTexture which acts as the back buffer (single buffer) to make your drawing and then draw it on screen via sf::RenderWindow`
#include <SFML/Graphics.hpp>
int main()
{
sf::RenderWindow window(sf::VideoMode(800, 600), "SFML art");
window.setVerticalSyncEnabled(true);
sf::RenderTexture target;
if (!target.create(window.getSize().x, window.getSize().y))
return -1;
target.clear(sf::Color::White);
target.display();
while (window.isOpen())
{
sf::Event event;
while (window.pollEvent(event))
{
if (event.type == sf::Event::Closed)
window.close();
}
if (sf::Mouse::isButtonPressed(sf::Mouse::Left))
{
sf::CircleShape circle(5.f, 32u);
circle.setPosition(sf::Vector2f(sf::Mouse::getPosition(window)));
circle.setFillColor(sf::Color::Red);
target.draw(circle, sf::BlendNone);
target.display();
}
window.clear();
window.draw(sf::Sprite(target.getTexture()));
window.display();
}
}
The purpose of double buffering is to avoid showing parts of not fully rendered scene during rendering of a frame. So your problem has nothing to do with double-buffering itself. Basically, you need to generate all the primitives necessary to render a particular frame every time. In your specific case you could achieve this like this:
sf::CircleShape circle;
//Init the circle (radius etc)
sf::Vector2f pos(0, 500);
int frameCount = 0;
while(!done)
{
++frameCount;
for (int i = 0; i < frameCount; ++i) {
circle.setPosition(pos + sf::Vector2f(i, 0));
window.draw(circle);
}
window.display();
}

Why is my sprite not displaying?

I have a simple program where I set the texture of a sprite and change its color, but it won't display. The window is entirely black. Is there something I did not do?
#include <SFML/Graphics.hpp>
int main()
{
sf::Texture texture;
sf::Sprite sprite;
texture.create(200, 200);
sprite.setTexture(texture);
sprite.setColor(sf::Color(209, 59, 59));
while (window.isOpen())
{
window.clear();
window.draw(sprite);
window.display();
}
return 0;
}
Setting a color to a sprite while its texture's pixels have no color will not work, because of how sf::Sprite::setColor() method works.
From SFML documentation:
void sf::Sprite::setColor ( const Color & color )
This color is modulated (multiplied) with the sprite's texture. It can be used to colorize the sprite, or change its global opacity. By default, the sprite's color is opaque white.
Multiplying any color against a transparent texture will not change anything in how the Sprite is rendered.
One solution would be to create an image of size 200,200 and setting the image to the desired color, using sf::Image::create (width, height, color) constructor, then loading the texture from that image.
Example code:
#include <SFML/Graphics.hpp>
int main()
{
sf::RenderWindow window(sf::VideoMode(500,500), "TEST");
sf::Image image;
image.create(200,200,(sf::Color(209, 59, 59)));
sf::Texture texture;
texture.loadFromImage(image);
sf::Sprite sprite;
sprite.setTexture(texture);
while (window.isOpen())
{
window.clear();
window.draw(sprite);
window.display();
}
return 0;
}