Django: associating a user with model instance - django

Let's say that I have a model that handles recipes, and I want to allow users to input their own recipes via a form. I then want to associate that recipe entry with the user ID of the user who inputted it. My guess is that my model would look something like this:
class Recipe(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
body = models.TextField()
creator = models.ManyToManyField(User)
def __unicode__(self):
return self.creator
Is that correct? And if I created a model form, it would look something like this:
class RecipeForm(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Recipe
But how would I go about automatically passing the user information to the Recipe model upon submission? Would this take place in my view?
My current view is like this:
def recipe(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
form = RecipeForm(request.POST) #if POST method, bound form to POST data
if form.is_valid():
form.save()
else:
form = RecipeForm() #unbound form.
recipe_list = Recipe.objects.all()
return render_to_response('forms/recipes.html',
{'form': form, 'recipe_list': recipe_list},
context_instance = RequestContext(request))
How would I set the user to the model before saving it?

Yes, your view would need to set the user on the recipe model before saving it.

Edit:
You should accept Ignacio's answer, since he added it in the comment.
Here is how you would add your user:
from django.shortcuts import render
def recipe(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
form = RecipeForm(request.POST) #if POST method, bound form to POST data
if form.is_valid():
obj = form.save(commit=False) # don't save to DB
obj.creator = request.user # adds the user
obj.save()
else:
form = RecipeForm() #unbound form.
recipe_list = Recipe.objects.all()
return render(request,'forms/recipes.html',
{'form': form, 'recipe_list': recipe_list})

Related

How to get the ID of the record created in the model after saving it from a Form

Let's say I submit a form to the back-end and I save a record of the model in the following way:
views.py:
def viewName(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
form = ProjectForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
form.save() #I want to get the id of this after it is saved
else:
print (form.errors)
form = ProjectForm()
return render(request, 'index.html', context)
forms.py:
class ProjectForm(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Project
fields = '__all__'
Right after saving the form, I would like to get the id of the record for the model.
I tried with form.id and form.pk as I saw in other similar questions without success.
How can I get the id or the pk of the new entry added to the Project model?
form.save() returns the object, so:
obj = form.save()
print(obj.pk)

Changing django form values

I have a form that gets values from a database created by a model. Say my the table has 2 columns, city and code, and I display just the city in my form using a ModelChoiceField.
When the use submits the form and I am going through the validation process, I would like to change the value of the city the user has selected with it's code.
models.py
class Location(models.Model):
city = models.CharField(max_length=200)
code = models.CharField(max_length=10)
def __unicode__(self):
return self.city
forms.py
city = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=Location.objects.all(),label='City')
views.py
def profile(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
form = ProfileForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
???????
How could I do this?
Thanks - Oli
You can do this:
def profile(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
form = ProfileForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
profile = form.save(commit=False)
#Retrieve the city's code and add it to the profile
location = Location.objects.get(pk=form.cleaned_data['city'])
profile.city = location.code
profile.save()
However you should be able to have the form setting the code directly in the ModelChoiceField. Check here and the django docs
I would overwrite the save method of the form. And change the field there. That way you still would have a clean view where all logic related to the form stays contained within the form.

Django Form problems with UserProfile

I'd like to create a "update user's profile" page to let users modify their profiles, so I come up with the following models:
class Profile(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField(User)
nick_name = models.CharField(blank=True,max_length=100)
school = models.CharField(blank=True,max_length=100)
motto = models.CharField(blank=True,max_length=100)
class ProfileForm(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Profile
And my view is designed as:
#login_required
def update_profile_view(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
user = request.user
try:
profile = user.get_profile()
except Exception:
profile = Profile.objects.create(user=user)
form = ProfileForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
cd = form.cleaned_data
profile.nick_name = cd['nick_name']
profile.school = cd['school']
profile.motto = cd['motto']
profile.save()
return HttpResponseRedirect('/main_page/')
else:
form = ProfileForm()
return render(request, 'update_profile.html', {'form':form})
The relationship between an user and a profile is apparently 1to1, and with request I can determine the current user. So the form's user field needn't to be filled. Unfortunately, this couldn't pass "the form.is_valid()" test. And it seems hard to modify a form before "is_valid" invoked. For simplicity, I don't want to create my own Form Class, neither do I want to write customized form validation. Is there any other way to solve the problem?
Your view can be greatly simplified:
#login_required
def update_profile_view(request):
try:
profile = Profile.objects.get(user=request.user)
except Profile.DoesNotExist:
profile = None
form = ProfileForm(request.POST or None, instance=profile)
if request.method == 'POST':
if form.is_valid():
form.save()
return HttpResponseRedirect('/main_page/')
return render(request, 'update_profile.html', {'form':form})
There's no need to manually assign the fields like you're doing. Django ORM knows how to do an insert versus an update automatically. So if you simply pass the ProfileForm an instance of a Profile, it knows to do an update. If there's no instance of a profile, it's going to do an insert.
Now, if you want to make the assignment of the user transparent in the UI, you'll need to exclude the user field from the form and assign it yourself. There are a couple of different ways to do that.
I would also recommend leveraging reverse in your redirect so you don't have a hard-coded path.
You have basicly two choices:
1 Modification of ProfileForm:
class ProfileForm(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Profileclass
exclude = ('user',)
2 Change this lines as follows:
form = ProfileForm(request.POST, instance=profile)
if form.is_valid():
updated_profile = form.save()
You can either set the user field's value to not required in the init method (self.fields['user'].required = False) of the form or set the user not editable in the model (editable=False).
In your view method, call profile = form.save(commit=False), then do profile.user = your_user and profile.save()
You don't have to apply the cleaned data manually to the profile since the ModelForm does this.

Saving the edited information in Django

I have created a form in my app where I can take details of a suer. Now i am able to edit the form but i am not able to save the data. I would like to save the changed data and move on.
It says: Adult with this User already exists.
My urls.py:
url(r'^home/editform/(?P<userpk>[^/]+)/$', 'lexuseditform', name='lexuseditform'),
url(r'^home/edited/(?P<userpk>[^/]+)/$', 'lexusedited', name='lexusedited')
My views.py:
#login_required
def lexuseditform(request,userpk):
if int(userpk) != request.user.pk:
return HttpResponseForbidden()
else:
adult = Adult(user=request.user)
if request.method == 'POST': # If the form has been submitted...
form = AdultForm(request.POST,instance=adult) # A form bound to the POST data
if form.is_valid(): # All validation rules pass
form.save()
redirect_url = reverse('lexusedited')
return HttpResponseRedirect(redirect_url) # Redirect after POST
else:
form = AdultForm(instance=adult) # An unbound form
return render(request,'lexus/lexuseditform.html', {'form': form})
#login_required
def lexusedited(request,userpk):
return render(request,'lexus/lexusedited.html')
My forms.py:
from models import Adult
from django.forms import ModelForm
class AdultForm(ModelForm):
"""
Edit Profile Information
"""
class Meta:
model = Adult
fields = ('user', 'email','fullname')
My models.py:
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
class Adult(models.Model):
"""
Adult Information
"""
user = models.OneToOneField(User)
fullname = models.CharField(max_length=100)
email = models.EmailField()
def __unicode__(self):
return self.user.username
Not sure where my error is. Need some guidance.. Thanks..
Although you haven't shown the Adult model structure, I bet it has something like
class Adult(models.Model):
user = models.ForeignKey(User, unique=True)
That's why you cannot save new Adult() with the same user(name). So you have to either change the models, or to load existing Adult for the specified user:
if Adult.objects.filter(user=request.user).exists():
adult = Adult.objects.get(user=request.user) # load existing Adult
else:
adult = Adult(user=request.user) # create new Adult
But I don't know how your form and models look like.
UPDATE:
or using:
adult, is_created = Adult.objects.get_or_create(user=request.user)
A bit of a guess since you didn't post the code for your form and model, but assuming the form is a regular model form, your problem very probably comes from your Adult model having a unique constraint on User (either a OneToOneField or a ForeignKey with unique=True). Since you create a new Adult instance for the form, it violates the unique constraint. Assuming (once again) this constraint is what you want, and your view is supposed to either create a related Adult instance for the user if it doesn't yet exist or edit the existing one, you need to first check if there's an Adult instance for the user:
#login_required
def lexuseditform(request):
try:
adult = Adult.objects.get(user=request.user)
except Adult.DoesNotExist:
adult = Adult(user=request.user)
#... your code here
Also note that I removed the userpk argument and test against request.user.pk which is useless if you think about it.
Correct Version(Refering to Tisho's Answer):
My views.py:
#login_required
def lexuseditform(request,userpk):
if Adult.objects.filter(user=request.user).exists():
adult = Adult.objects.get(user=request.user) # load existing Adult
else:
adult = Adult(user=request.user) # create new Adult
if request.method == 'POST': # If the form has been submitted...
form = AdultForm(request.POST,instance=adult) # A form bound to the POST data
if form.is_valid(): # All validation rules pass
form.save()
redirect_url = reverse('lexusedited')
return HttpResponseRedirect(redirect_url) # Redirect after POST
else:
form = AdultForm(instance=adult) # An unbound form
return render(request,'lexus/lexuseditform.html', {'form': form})

modifying django model forms after post

I would like to modify a user submitted form to automatically insert the project_id, but I keep getting the error that project_id in the Employee model cannot be null;
My model:
class Project(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
date_started = models.DateTimeField()
class Employee(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=200)
project = models.ForeignKey(Project)
class AddEmployeeForm(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Employee
exclude = ('project',)
My view:
def emp_add(request, project_id):
if request.method == 'POST':
post = request.POST.copy() # make the POST QueryDict mutable
post('project', project_id)
form = AddEmployeeForm(post)
if form.is_valid():
saved = form.save()
Like this?
if form.is_valid():
employee = form.save(commit=False)
employee.project = Project.objects.get(pk=project_id)
employee.save()
#maciag.artur's answer, to save with commit=False will work. Another way is to instantiate an Employee with the required project_id, and use it to construct the form.
This is useful if your model form's custom clean method relies on the Employee.project field.
def emp_add(request, project_id)
if request.method == 'POST':
# create a new employee with the given project id
employee = Employee(project_id) = project_id
form = AddEmployeeForm(request.POST, instance=employee)
if form.is_valid():
saved = form.save()
<snip>
For reference, see the note box below Using a subset of fields on the form in the Django docs.
Add the project ID to the form as a hidden input. When the request comes back as a POST, it will exist in the POST object, from the form.
def emp_add(request, project_id):
if request.method == 'POST':
post = request.POST.copy() # make the POST QueryDict mutable
post('project', project_id)
form = AddEmployeeForm(post)
if form.is_valid():
saved = form.save()
else:
form = AddEmployeeForm(initial={'project_id':'my_id_value'})