I had written my program using XCode. It works without any problems on the Mac. I was told that our projects would be compiled on Linux machines so I wanted to make sure it works on Linux before submitting. When I tried to compile on Linux, it gave me some reference errors:
/tmp/cckwoehj.o: In function `main':
main.cpp:(.text+0x9): undefined reference to `ReadFile()'
/tmp/cckwoehj.o: In function `leftSearch(NODE*, int)':
main.cpp:(.text+0x38b): undefined reference to `conflict(int**)'
main.cpp:(.text+0x3ca): undefined reference to `removeAllRowsWithLiteral(int**, int)'
main.cpp:(.text+0x3ec): undefined reference to `removeAllSpecifiedLiteral(int**, int)'
main.cpp:(.text+0x4ec): undefined reference to `conflict(int**)'
main.cpp:(.text+0x522): undefined reference to `unitPropagation(int**)'
main.cpp:(.text+0x538): undefined reference to `conflict(int**)'
/tmp/cckwoehj.o: In function `rightSearch(NODE*, int)':
main.cpp:(.text+0x992): undefined reference to `conflict(int**)'
main.cpp:(.text+0x9d4): undefined reference to `removeAllRowsWithLiteral(int**, int)'
main.cpp:(.text+0x9f3): undefined reference to `removeAllSpecifiedLiteral(int**, int)'
main.cpp:(.text+0xaf3): undefined reference to `conflict(int**)'
main.cpp:(.text+0xb29): undefined reference to `unitPropagation(int**)'
main.cpp:(.text+0xb3f): undefined reference to `conflict(int**)'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
The stuff I found online all talks about templates. I don't use templates. I also found one about a 32 and 64 bit OS problem which I do not have.
I have a function called ReadFile that is declared in a header. I call it from main and include that header file in main. I am not sure what the problem is. If OS X compiles and runs and Linux doesn't, I am assuming there is something OS X does internally that it thinks is obvious but Linux is not written that way. Is this a linker error? I think OS X would be programmed to do that internally.
You're declaring your functions in a header, but there's no definition, leading to undefined references when you try to turn main.cpp into an executable.
You need to compile all your source files and link them together (in the right order).
g++ -c ReadFile.cpp
#...
g++ -c main.cpp
g++ main.o ... ReadFile.o -o my_executable
Where the object files to the right rely on no unresolved symbols defined in the object files to its left on the commandline.
XCode is an IDE so I guess it handles the linking order for you.
To handle all this stuff automatically you'll have to also use an IDE and/or write a Makefile.
If you insist in a single command, yes, you can, as long as you include all source files in the line (e.g. g++ *.cpp), but this forces a full recompilation for every single change.
Related
My cpp file has Scilab and Octave header files. I'm trying to compile using this command
g++ -l:/usr/lib/scilab/libscilab.so -L/usr/lib/scilab -L/usr/lib/scilab -I/usr/include/octave-3.8.1 -I/usr/include/octave-3.8.1/octave -I/usr/include/scilab s_o_test_v4.cpp -o s_o_test_v4
I get the following error
s_o_test_v4.cpp:(.text+0x5f4): undefined reference to `pvApiCtx'
s_o_test_v4.cpp:(.text+0x5ff): undefined reference to `isVarMatrixType'
s_o_test_v4.cpp:(.text+0x61a): undefined reference to `pvApiCtx'
s_o_test_v4.cpp:(.text+0x644): undefined reference to `getMatrixOfDouble'
s_o_test_v4.cpp:(.text+0x743): undefined reference to `string_vector::c_str_vec() const'
s_o_test_v4.cpp:(.text+0x755): undefined reference to `octave_main'
s_o_test_v4.cpp:(.text+0x7a2): undefined reference to `octave_value::octave_value(double)'
s_o_test_v4.cpp:(.text+0x847): undefined reference to `feval(std::string const&, octave_value_list const&, int)'
s_o_test_v4.cpp:(.text+0x8a3): undefined reference to `pvApiCtx'
Both Scilab and Octave functions show error. Should I include or remove something from my compile command?
Maybe the ordering of your make command is wrong, see also
this SO question:
Please also note that libraries need to be specified on the command
line after the files needing them
That would make your command:
g++ -I/usr/include/octave-3.8.1 -I/usr/include/octave-3.8.1/octave -I/usr/include/scilab s_o_test_v4.cpp -o s_o_test_v4 -l:/usr/lib/scilab/libscilab.so -L/usr/lib/scilab -L/usr/lib/scilab
I am trying to follow some sqlite C++ tutorial to be able to access a database from within C++ code on Linux. sqlite3 is installed and working, but when I try to compile the example code given on the link (Create a Table) I get the following error:
g++ build/test.o -o bin/test -pthread -L lib
build/test.o: In function `main':
/home/alexander/Projects/Test/src/test.cpp:22: undefined reference to `sqlite3_open'
/home/alexander/Projects/Test/src/test.cpp:24: undefined reference to `sqlite3_errmsg'
/home/alexander/Projects/Test/src/test.cpp:39: undefined reference to `sqlite3_exec'
/home/alexander/Projects/Test/src/test.cpp:42: undefined reference to `sqlite3_free'
/home/alexander/Projects/Test/src/test.cpp:46: undefined reference to `sqlite3_close'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Do I need to install something else? Or do I need to set some paths?
I have no practice in compiling straight from the shell.
In CodeBlocks it is necessary to point the paths of the “sqlite3.h” header and the “libsqlite3.so” dll.
If the dll is not specified in Linker Settings, exactly the mentioned problem occurs.
I am trying to link libevent using g++ but am having trouble since I set libevent's install directory with the --prefix flag when configuring. To install libevent I downloaded the latest source, extracted it and ran the following commands in the directory
./configure --prefix=/home/tom/local --disable-shared && make
make install
After running these commands libevent successfully installs to the /home/tom/local folder. Now to test that I can use libevent I have downloaded the sample rot13 server with libevent that can be found towards the bottom of: http://www.wangafu.net/~nickm/libevent-book/01_intro.html
To compile I run the following command:
g++ -I=/home/tom/local/include rot13server.cpp -L/home/tom/local/lib
But I get the following compilation errors:
/tmp/cctwJY4k.o: In function `alloc_fd_state(event_base*, int)':
libevent.cc:(.text+0x9b): undefined reference to `event_new'
libevent.cc:(.text+0xec): undefined reference to `event_new'
libevent.cc:(.text+0x11a): undefined reference to `event_free'
/tmp/cctwJY4k.o: In function `free_fd_state(fd_state*)':
libevent.cc:(.text+0x1b6): undefined reference to `event_free'
libevent.cc:(.text+0x1c9): undefined reference to `event_free'
/tmp/cctwJY4k.o: In function `do_read(int, short, void*)':
libevent.cc:(.text+0x310): undefined reference to `event_add'
/tmp/cctwJY4k.o: In function `do_write(int, short, void*)':
libevent.cc:(.text+0x4da): undefined reference to `event_del'
/tmp/cctwJY4k.o: In function `do_accept(int, short, void*)':
libevent.cc:(.text+0x564): undefined reference to `evutil_make_socket_nonblocking'
libevent.cc:(.text+0x5da): undefined reference to `event_add'
/tmp/cctwJY4k.o: In function `run()':
libevent.cc:(.text+0x5f3): undefined reference to `event_base_new'
libevent.cc:(.text+0x63f): undefined reference to `evutil_make_socket_nonblocking'
libevent.cc:(.text+0x6d2): undefined reference to `event_new'
libevent.cc:(.text+0x6e7): undefined reference to `event_add'
libevent.cc:(.text+0x6f3): undefined reference to `event_base_dispatch'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
It seems like the compiler is finding the include files but not the object files.
I also tried configuring libevent without the --disable-shared option and then exported /home/tom/local/lib to the LD_LIBRARY_PATH but I still get the same error with the compile command:
g++ -I=/home/tom/local/include rot13server.cpp
Can anyone tell me what I am doing wrong?
Thanks
Can anyone tell me what I am doing wrong?
Just about everything.
The -I=/home/tom/local/include tells GCC to look in =/home/tom/local/include directory, which is unlikely to exist.
You want:
g++ -I/home/tom/local/include rot13server.cpp -c
g++ -L/home/tom/local/lib rot13server.o -levent -o rot13server
I have a problem linking the wxWidget sample application (http://www.wxwidgets.org/docs/tutorials/hello.htm) with is stored in main.cpp. I try to compile and link it using:
g++ `wx-config --cxxflags --libs` main.cpp
The output I get is the following:
/tmp/ccFHWUaX.o: In function `wxCreateApp()':
main.cpp:(.text+0x31): undefined reference to `wxAppConsole::CheckBuildOptions(char const*, char const*)'
/tmp/ccFHWUaX.o: In function `main':
main.cpp:(.text+0x91): undefined reference to `wxEntry(int&, char**)'
/tmp/ccFHWUaX.o: In function `MyFrame::MyFrame(wxString const&, wxPoint const&, wxSize const&)':
main.cpp:(.text+0x1d2): undefined reference to `wxFrameNameStr'
main.cpp:(.text+0x267): undefined reference to `wxEmptyString'
main.cpp:(.text+0x2ea): undefined reference to `wxEmptyString'
main.cpp:(.text+0x366): undefined reference to `wxMenuBar::wxMenuBar()'
main.cpp:(.text+0x3d1): undefined reference to `wxFrameBase::SetMenuBar(wxMenuBar*)'
main.cpp:(.text+0x3da): undefined reference to `wxStatusLineNameStr'
main.cpp:(.text+0x407): undefined reference to `wxFrame::CreateStatusBar(int, long, int, wxString const&)'
main.cpp:(.text+0x44f): undefined reference to `wxFrameBase::SetStatusText(wxString const&, int)'
main.cpp:(.text+0x533): undefined reference to `wxFrame::~wxFrame()'
(and many lines more...)
WxWidgets-2.8 is installed using the ubuntu repository and its libs are located in /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu. I also tried to build specifying the library path with:
-L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/
but, this does not change the output. I was blaming multiarch for my problem, but actually only as I don't know how it works exactly.
Can someone tell me how to build the sample correctly?
Thank you
Michael
When using static linking, the libraries must always come after the object files using the symbols from them, otherwise they're simply ignored by the linker as they're not needed at the moment when it first sees them. So us2012 is correct, you need to put wx-config part after your source file.
You could also use shared wxWidgets libraries, then the order wouldn't matter. But it's still a good habit to use the right order, which works for both static and shared libraries, anyhow.
I'm trying to compile (make) a game source and it seems that my gRace.cpp file is being excluded or something because it keeps returning undefined reference errors for all my gRace class methods.
libtron.a(libtron_a-gGame.o): In function `gGame::StateUpdate()':
gGame.cpp:(.text+0x99e9): undefined reference to `gRace::Reset()'
libtron.a(libtron_a-gGame.o): In function `gGame::Analysis(float)':
gGame.cpp:(.text+0xad48): undefined reference to `gRace::Sync(int, int, int)'
gGame.cpp:(.text+0xad4d): undefined reference to `gRace::Done()'
gGame.cpp:(.text+0xad61): undefined reference to `gRace::Winner()'
gGame.cpp:(.text+0xb786): undefined reference to `gRace::End()'
libtron.a(libtron_a-gWinZone.o): In function `gWinZoneHack::OnEnter(gCycle*, float)':
gWinZone.cpp:(.text+0x9206): undefined reference to `gRace::ZoneHit(ePlayerNetID*)'
libtron.a(libtron_a-gWinZone.o): In function `gWinZoneHack::gWinZoneHack(eGrid*, eCoord const&, bool)':
gWinZone.cpp:(.text+0xda96): undefined reference to `gRace::NewZone(gWinZoneHack*)'
libtron.a(libtron_a-gWinZone.o): In function `gWinZoneHack::gWinZoneHack(eGrid*, eCoord const&, bool)':
gWinZone.cpp:(.text+0xdcc6): undefined reference to `gRace::NewZone(gWinZoneHack*)'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
I'm including the gRace.h file in both files via:
#include "gRace.h"
Any ideas on what might be causing it to not be processed?
Not including the header file would cause undefined function compiler errors. These are linker errors, which means the actual source file isn't being linked with the other files (that is, it has nothing to do with whether or not you included gRace.h in the right places). Check your build script to ensure gRace.cpp is being linked in properly
If it is an automake project you are missing gRace.cpp in your _SOURCES section in the Makefile.am.
This apprears to be a linking error and not a compilation error. Most likely, you are missing some external libraries that you should be linking against.