XLib Window Name Problems - c++

since 4 days, I try to see how XLib works, and I have finally understood that.
Si I tried to make a short program wich retrieve open window's name.
For that, I created 2 functions :
Window *list (Display *disp, unsigned long *len) {
Atom prop = XInternAtom(disp,"_NET_CLIENT_LIST",False), type;
int form;
unsigned long remain;
unsigned char *list;
if (XGetWindowProperty(disp,XDefaultRootWindow(disp),prop,0,1024,False,XA_WINDOW,
&type,&form,len,&remain,&list) != Success) {
return 0;
}
return (Window*)list;
}
So, this first function return a window object of all the windows.
Then, I created a function to retrieve the name from all those windows.
char *name (Display *disp, Window win) {
Atom prop = XInternAtom(disp,"WM_NAME",False), type;
int form;
unsigned long remain, len;
unsigned char *list;
if (XGetWindowProperty(disp,win,prop,0,1024,False,XA_STRING,
&type,&form,&len,&remain,&list) != Success) {
return NULL;
}
return (char*)list;
}
And this function works fine, an main.c example:
int main(int argc, char* argv[]){
int i;
unsigned long len;
XKeyEvent esend;
Display *disp = XOpenDisplay(NULL);
Window *list;
char *name;
list = (Window*)list(disp,&len);
for (i=0;i<(int)len;i++) {
name = name(disp,list[i]);
printf("%d : %s \n",i,name);
free(name);
}
}
And, It works really fine, except for Skype windows it returns:
1 : Xlib Programming Manual: Keyboard and Pointer Events - Google Chrome
2 : Debian Web [En fonction] - Oracle VM VirtualBox
3 : XChat: necromoine # / (+CSTfnst 10:2)
4 :
5 : root#root-Laptop: ~
6 :
And, the number 4 and 6 are blank (I actually have two opened skype window).
Can you help me please.

A WM_NAME is not necessarily a simple string. It could be a compound text (a different type of string), which is actually the case for Skype windows. You need to use AnyPropertyType instead of XA_STRING to get the property, then format according to actual type. Look at the source of xprops to see how it's done.

Related

std::map pass by reference Pointer to Object

I'm coding a plugin for XPLANE10 which gets a MSG from ROS.
My IDE is QTcreator 4.1.0 based QT 5.7.0 for Ubuntu 64 Bit. I would like to use C++11 Standards
My code explained
The main initializes ROS and creates a map -> container.
ROS spins in a loop till my GUI sends a MSG where my AirPlane should fly.
The MSG contains 3 floats(phi, theta, psi) where "phi" is the AirPlane ID, theta contains the ID for my ETA(Estimated Time of Arrival)
and psi contains the ID for my pose All of the IDs are saved in the ParameterServer(lookuptable).
So at the beginning i look up the activeAirplanes which returns a vector . I would like to store them in a map where the key is the AirCraft ID and the second param is an instance of the Object.
So i have initialized the for example(looked in container while debugging):
[0] first = 1 // Airplane ID1
[0] second = new CObject(freq)
[1] first = 2 // Airplane ID2
[1] second = new CObject(freq)
If i get a MSG from GUI
phi = 1
theta=2
psi=3
,
ROS will callback
MSG(....std::map<i32, CObject> &container)
// if phi is 1 so use the mapkey 1 and trigger the method do_stuff from CObject
do_stuff(phi, theta, psi,freq)
I would like to call the in a function from main
int getPlanes(std::map<i32,CObject>& container)
{
...
getActiveAirplanesFromServer(activePlanes);
}
First Question:
How do i pass the container to my callback?
Second Question:
How do i parallelize do_stuff() so my callback will return to main and i'm able to command more aircrafts while the others are calculated?
Third Question:
How would be the correct syntax for getPlanes to pass the container by reference so getPlanes() can edit it?
Fourth Question:
Is there a difference between
std::map<i32,CObject*> map
std::map<i32,CObject>* map
and
std::map<i32,CObject*>::iterator it=container->begin();
std::map<i32,CObject*>::iterator* it=container->begin();
If yes, what do i want ? #4Solved
// I have to edit stuff 'cause of some restrictions in my company.
#include "Header.h"
int main()
{
f64 freq = 10;
std::map<i32, CObject>* container;
std::map<i32,CObject>::iterator* it=container->begin();
// ROS
if(!ros::isInitialized())
{
int rosargc = 0;
char** rosargv = NULL;
ros::init(rosargc, rosargv, "MainNode");//), ros::init_options::AnonymousName);
}
else
{
printf("Ros has already been initialized.....\n");
}
ros::NodeHandle* mainNodeHandle=new ros::NodeHandle;
ros::AsyncSpinner spinner(2);
ParameterServer * ptrParam= new ParameterServer(mainNodeHandle);
ros::Subscriber airSub=mainNodeHandle->subscribe<own_msgs::ownStruct>("/MSG",
1000,
boost::bind(MSG,
_1,
freq,
container));
std::vector<i32> activePlanes;
i32 retVal=0;
retVal += ptrParam-> ParameterServer::getActiveAirplanesFromServer(activePlanes);
if (retVal == 0 && activePlanes.size()>0)
{
for (u32 j =0; j <activePlanes.size(); j++)
{
container->insert (std::pair<i32,CObject> (activePlanes[j] , new CObject(freq)));
}
}
while (ros::ok())
{
spinner.start(); //spinnt sehr viel :-)
ros::waitForShutdown ();
}
std::cout<<"ENDE"<<std::endl;
int retval = 1;
return retval;
}
void MSG(const own_msgs::ownStruct<std::allocator<void> >::ConstPtr &guiMSG,
f64 freq,
std::map<i32, CObject> &container)
{
if ((guiMSG->phi != 0) && (guiMSG->theta != 0) && (guiMSG->psi != 0))
{
std::string alpha = std::to_string(guiMSG->phi)+std::to_string(guiMSG->theta)+to_string(guiMSG->psi);
container.at(guiMSG->phi) -> do_stuff(guiMSG->phi,guiMSG->theta,guiMSG->psi, freq);
}
else
{
std::cout<<" Did not receive anything\n"<<endl;
}
}
void do_stuff(...)
{
//copy the IDs to private Member of this single Object
//setROS() for this single Object
//callback the current AC pose via ID from XPLANE
//callback the wished AC pose via ID from ParamServer
// do some calculations for optimum flight path
// publish the Route to XPlane
}
EDIT::
Problem is i get it to compile now and if debug it and set a breakpoint at :
void MSG(const own_msgs::ownStruct<std::allocator<void> >::ConstPtr &guiMSG,f64 freq,std::map<i32, CObject*> &container)
{
..
/*->*/ container.at(guiMSG->)...
}
The Container remains empty.
So i read some stuff about pointers and i saw my errors..
I confused * and &
if i want to pass the adress of a variable i have to write like
int main()
{
int a = 0;
AddTwo(&a)
cout<<a<<endl; // Output: 2
}
void AddTwo(int* a)
{
a+=2;
}

Create a function with unique function pointer in runtime

When calling WinAPI functions that take callbacks as arguments, there's usually a special parameter to pass some arbitrary data to the callback. In case there's no such thing (e.g. SetWinEventHook) the only way we can understand which of the API calls resulted in the call of the given callback is to have distinct callbacks. When we know all the cases in which the given API is called at compile-time, we can always create a class template with static method and instantiate it with different template arguments in different call sides. That's a hell of a work, and I don't like doing so.
How do I create callback functions at runtime so that they have different function pointers?
I saw a solution (sorry, in Russian) with runtime assembly generation, but it wasn't portable across x86/x64 archtectures.
You can use the closure API of libffi. It allows you to create trampolines each with a different address. I implemented a wrapping class here, though that's not finished yet (only supports int arguments and return type, you can specialize detail::type to support more than just int). A more heavyweight alternative is LLVM, though if you're dealing only with C types, libffi will do the job fine.
I've come up with this solution which should be portable (but I haven't tested it):
#define ID_PATTERN 0x11223344
#define SIZE_OF_BLUEPRINT 128 // needs to be adopted if uniqueCallbackBlueprint is complex...
typedef int (__cdecl * UNIQUE_CALLBACK)(int arg);
/* blueprint for unique callback function */
int uniqueCallbackBlueprint(int arg)
{
int id = ID_PATTERN;
printf("%x: Hello unique callback (arg=%d)...\n", id, arg);
return (id);
}
/* create a new unique callback */
UNIQUE_CALLBACK createUniqueCallback(int id)
{
UNIQUE_CALLBACK result = NULL;
char *pUniqueCallback;
char *pFunction;
int pattern = ID_PATTERN;
char *pPattern;
char *startOfId;
int i;
int patterns = 0;
pUniqueCallback = malloc(SIZE_OF_BLUEPRINT);
if (pUniqueCallback != NULL)
{
pFunction = (char *)uniqueCallbackBlueprint;
#if defined(_DEBUG)
pFunction += 0x256; // variable offset depending on debug information????
#endif /* _DEBUG */
memcpy(pUniqueCallback, pFunction, SIZE_OF_BLUEPRINT);
result = (UNIQUE_CALLBACK)pUniqueCallback;
/* replace ID_PATTERN with requested id */
pPattern = (char *)&pattern;
startOfId = NULL;
for (i = 0; i < SIZE_OF_BLUEPRINT; i++)
{
if (pUniqueCallback[i] == *pPattern)
{
if (pPattern == (char *)&pattern)
startOfId = &(pUniqueCallback[i]);
if (pPattern == ((char *)&pattern) + sizeof(int) - 1)
{
pPattern = (char *)&id;
for (i = 0; i < sizeof(int); i++)
{
*startOfId++ = *pPattern++;
}
patterns++;
break;
}
pPattern++;
}
else
{
pPattern = (char *)&pattern;
startOfId = NULL;
}
}
printf("%d pattern(s) replaced\n", patterns);
if (patterns == 0)
{
free(pUniqueCallback);
result = NULL;
}
}
return (result);
}
Usage is as follows:
int main(void)
{
UNIQUE_CALLBACK callback;
int id;
int i;
id = uniqueCallbackBlueprint(5);
printf(" -> id = %x\n", id);
callback = createUniqueCallback(0x4711);
if (callback != NULL)
{
id = callback(25);
printf(" -> id = %x\n", id);
}
id = uniqueCallbackBlueprint(15);
printf(" -> id = %x\n", id);
getch();
return (0);
}
I've noted an interresting behavior if compiling with debug information (Visual Studio). The address obtained by pFunction = (char *)uniqueCallbackBlueprint; is off by a variable number of bytes. The difference can be obtained using the debugger which displays the correct address. This offset changes from build to build and I assume it has something to do with the debug information? This is no problem for the release build. So maybe this should be put into a library which is build as "release".
Another thing to consider whould be byte alignment of pUniqueCallback which may be an issue. But an alignment of the beginning of the function to 64bit boundaries is not hard to add to this code.
Within pUniqueCallback you can implement anything you want (note to update SIZE_OF_BLUEPRINT so you don't miss the tail of your function). The function is compiled and the generated code is re-used during runtime. The initial value of id is replaced when creating the unique function so the blueprint function can process it.

Qt - Finding a printer

I need to find if a printer has a given model.
I found QPrinterInfo - that has a property printerName
Unfortunately, when adding a printer in Linux the user can make up the name however he wants, or change it after install, so the name would not be reliable
I read that Qt 5.x has a "printerModel" and that would be great... but I have to use 4.7-8
I tried to read from /etc/cups/printers.conf
QString fileName = "/etc/cups/printers.conf";
QFile printerConf(fileName);
if (printerConf.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly | QIODevice::Text))
{
// i wish but it never happens
}
But I can't read it because of permissions.
Qt 4.8, Ubuntu
The cups API has all the information needed:
http://www.cups.org/documentation.php/api-cups.html
#include <cups/cups.h>
cups_dest_t *dests;
int num_dests = cupsGetDests(&dests);
cups_dest_t *dest;
int i;
const char *value;
for (i = num_dests, dest = dests; i > 0; i --, dest ++)
if (dest->instance == NULL)
{
value = cupsGetOption("printer-make-and-model", dest->num_options, dest->options);
printf("%s (%s)\n", dest->name, value ? value : "unknown");
}
cupsFreeDests(num_dests, dests);

What value should i insert there?

i'm trying to set up a driver or something alike for my keyboard. I'm editing somebody elses code according to instructions but one thing is bothering me.
here's code
/* to add a new device, simply create a new DEVICE() in this list */
/* Fields are: "Name",VendorID,ProductID,Capabilities */
const libg15_devices_t g15_devices[] = {
DEVICE("Logitech G510",0x46d,0xc22d, G15_LCD|G15_KEYS|G15_DEVICE_5BYTE_RETURN|G15_DEVICE_IS_SHARED),
DEVICE("Logitech G15",0x46d,0xc222,G15_LCD|G15_KEYS),
DEVICE("Logitech G11",0x46d,0xc225,G15_KEYS),
DEVICE("Logitech Z-10",0x46d,0x0a07,G15_LCD|G15_KEYS|G15_DEVICE_IS_SHARED),
DEVICE("Logitech G15 v2",0x46d,0xc227,G15_LCD|G15_KEYS|G15_DEVICE_5BYTE_RETURN),
DEVICE("Logitech Gamepanel",0x46d,0xc251,G15_LCD|G15_KEYS|G15_DEVICE_IS_SHARED),
DEVICE(NULL,0,0,0)
};
/* return device capabilities */
int g15DeviceCapabilities() {
if(found_devicetype>-1)
return g15_devices[found_devicetype].caps;
else
return -1;
}
The first DEVICE entry is what i'm aiming for and a part of the code i added. here is where i stop.
int setLEDs(unsigned int leds)
{
int retval = 0;
unsigned char m_led_buf[4] = { 2, 4, 0, 0 };
unsigned char g510_led_buf[2] = {4, 0};
m_led_buf[2] = ~(unsigned char)leds;
if(g15DeviceCapabilities() & G15_DEVICE_G510) {
on G15_DEVICE_G510 it stops. i do not know what value i should be replacing it with.
Here's a pastebin of the entire code if this info is insufficient.
Pastebin Link
Thanks. :)
EDIT: I found out the functions are defined in another file. here they are.
Pastebin Link
So what i really need to do is define G15_DEVICE_G510 somehow in that file.
This is how it was supposed to be done.
#define G15_DEVICE_G510 32
#define G510_STANDARD_KEYBOARD_INTERFACE 0x0
then at a later point in the code
int setG510LEDColor(unsigned char r, unsigned char g, unsigned char b);
i managed to find a file with it from here
then i'd need to edit a line i had to this.
DEVICE("Logitech G510",0x46d,0xc22d, G15_LCD|G15_KEYS|G15_DEVICE_5BYTE_RETURN|G15_DEVICE_IS_SHARED|G15_DEVICE_G510),
the code for it was originally written by a guy who calls himself "multitude"
So thanks multitude :)

Threads C++, Access Violation reading location x error

Platform : Windows 7
I'm developing a project for known text cipher attack in which;
Main process creates n child processes
Child processes decrypt an encrypted string, key subspace is partitioned according to number of child processes
Communication between child processes are by a static variable
for(int i = 0; i<info.totalNumberOfChildren; i++)
{
startChild( &info.childInfoList[i]);
//_beginthread(startChild, 0, &info.childInfoList[i]);
}
Above code works fine since:
First child starts execution, the key is set as a number such as 8 for testing purposes which is within the first child's partition, so first child finds the key, reports and sets true the killSwitch.
All the other children that are created are closed even before checking the first key as the killSwitch is true.
When I however do this :
for(int i = 0; i<info.totalNumberOfChildren; i++)
{
//startChild( &info.childInfoList[i]);
_beginthread(startChild, 0, &info.childInfoList[i]);
}
I get an access violation error. What could possibly be my source of error ?
Edit: I will try to share as relevant code as I can
startChild does the following:
void startChild( void* pParams)
{
ChildInfo *ci = (ChildInfo*)pParams;
// cout<<"buraya geldi"<<endl;
ChildProcess cp(*ci);
// write to log
cp.completeNextJob();
}
childInfo holds the following :
// header file
class ChildInfo
{
public:
ChildInfo();
ChildInfo(char * encrypted, char * original, static bool killSwitch, int totalNumOfChildren, int idNum, int orjLen);
void getNextJob();
bool keyIsFound();
Des des;
void printTest();
bool stopExecution;
bool allIsChecked;
char * encyptedString;
char * originalString;
int id;
int orjStrLen;
private:
int lastJobCompleted;
int totalNumberOfChildren;
int jobDistBits;
};
completeNextJob() does the following :
void ChildProcess::completeNextJob()
{
cout<<"Child Id : "<<info.id<<endl;
// cout<<"Trying : "<<info.encyptedString<<endl; // here I got an error
char * newtrial = info.encyptedString;
char * cand = info.des.Decrypt(newtrial); // here I also get an error if I comment out
/*
cout<<"Resultant : "<<cand<<endl;
cout<<"Comparing with : "<<info.originalString<<endl;
*/
bool match = true;
for(int i = 0; i<info.orjStrLen; i++)
{
if(!(cand[i] == info.originalString[i]))
match = false;
}
if(match)
{
cout<<"It has been acknowledged "<<endl;
info.stopExecution = true;
return;
}
else
{
if(!info.keyIsFound())
{
if(!info.allIsChecked)
{
info.getNextJob();
completeNextJob();
}
else
{
}
}
else
{
}
}
}
decrypt() method does the following :
char * Des::Decrypt(char *Text1)
{
int i,a1,j,nB,m,iB,k,K,B[8],n,t,d,round;
char *Text=new char[1000];
unsigned char ch;
strcpy(Text,Text1); // this is where I get the error
i=strlen(Text);
keygen();
int mc=0;
for(iB=0,nB=0,m=0;m<(strlen(Text)/8);m++) //Repeat for TextLenth/8 times.
{
for(iB=0,i=0;i<8;i++,nB++)
{
ch=Text[nB];
n=(int)ch;//(int)Text[nB];
for(K=7;n>=1;K--)
{
B[K]=n%2; //Converting 8-Bytes to 64-bit Binary Format
n/=2;
} for(;K>=0;K--) B[K]=0;
for(K=0;K<8;K++,iB++) total[iB]=B[K]; //Now `total' contains the 64-Bit binary format of 8-Bytes
}
IP(); //Performing initial permutation on `total[64]'
for(i=0;i<64;i++) total[i]=ip[i]; //Store values of ip[64] into total[64]
for(i=0;i<32;i++) left[i]=total[i]; // +--> left[32]
// total[64]--|
for(;i<64;i++) right[i-32]=total[i];// +--> right[32]
for(round=1;round<=16;round++)
{
Expansion(); //Performing expansion on `right[32]' to get `expansion[48]'
xor_oneD(round);
substitution();//Perform substitution on xor1[48] to get sub[32]
permutation(); //Performing Permutation on sub[32] to get p[32]
xor_two(); //Performing XOR operation on left[32],p[32] to get xor2[32]
for(i=0;i<32;i++) left[i]=right[i]; //Dumping right[32] into left[32]
for(i=0;i<32;i++) right[i]=xor2[i]; //Dumping xor2[32] into right[32]
} //rounds end here
for(i=0;i<32;i++) temp[i]=right[i]; // Dumping -->[ swap32bit ]
for(;i<64;i++) temp[i]=left[i-32]; // left[32],right[32] into temp[64]
inverse(); //Inversing the bits of temp[64] to get inv[8][8]
/* Obtaining the Cypher-Text into final[1000]*/
k=128; d=0;
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<8;j++)
{
d=d+inv[i][j]*k;
k=k/2;
}
final[mc++]=(char)d;
k=128; d=0;
}
} //for loop ends here
final[mc]='\0';
char *final1=new char[1000];
for(i=0,j=strlen(Text);i<strlen(Text);i++,j++)
final1[i]=final[j]; final1[i]='\0';
return(final);
}
Windows is trying to tell you why your program crashed. Please use a debugger to see what Windows is talking about. Location X is important: it should tell you whether your program is dereferencing NULL, overflowing a buffer, or doing something else. The call stack at the time of the crash is also very important.
Debugger is your best friend, try to use it and check step by step what could cause this access violation.
I think that info.encyptedString is not initialized correctly and pointing to not allocated memory, but I cant be sure because you didn't show this part of code.
And of course you must protect your shared resources (info) using some synchronization objects like critical section or mutex or semaphore.
I don't know, the basic issue seems pretty straightforward to me. You have multiple threads executing simultaneously, which access the same information via *pParams, which presumably is of type ChildInfo since that's what you cast it to. That info must be getting accessed elsewhere in the program, perhaps in the main thread. This is corrupting something, which may or may not have to do with Text1 or info.id, these errors can often be 'non-local' and hard to debug for this reason. So start mutex-protecting the entire thread (within your initial loop), and then zero in on the critical sections by trial and error, i.e. mutex-protect as small a region of code as you can get away with without producing errors.