How to make my EXE can accept parameter at the console? - c++

Here is the code that I use to play around with. I want to make this code can accept parameter from the console.
Now I can only run the code with hardcoded parameter. At the console I just type Example1Client.exe and press Enter.
I would like to send parameter like this: Example1Client.exe http://www.website.com
int main()
{
RPC_STATUS status;
unsigned char* szStringBinding = NULL;
// Creates a string binding handle.
// This function is nothing more than a printf.
// Connection is not done here.
status = RpcStringBindingCompose(
NULL, // UUID to bind to.
reinterpret_cast<unsigned char*>("ncacn_ip_tcp"), // Use TCP/IP
// protocol.
reinterpret_cast<unsigned char*>("localhost"), // TCP/IP network
// address to use.
reinterpret_cast<unsigned char*>("4747"), // TCP/IP port to use.
NULL, // Protocol dependent network options to use.
&szStringBinding); // String binding output.
if (status)
exit(status);
// Validates the format of the string binding handle and converts
// it to a binding handle.
// Connection is not done here either.
status = RpcBindingFromStringBinding(
szStringBinding, // The string binding to validate.
&hExample1Binding); // Put the result in the implicit binding
// handle defined in the IDL file.
if (status)
exit(status);
RpcTryExcept
{
visit("http://www.facebook.com");
openNew("http://www.yahoo.com");
}
RpcExcept(1)
{
std::cerr << "Runtime reported exception " << RpcExceptionCode()
<< std::endl;
}
RpcEndExcept
// Free the memory allocated by a string.
status = RpcStringFree(
&szStringBinding); // String to be freed.
if (status)
exit(status);
// Releases binding handle resources and disconnects from the server.
status = RpcBindingFree(
&hExample1Binding); // Frees the implicit binding handle defined in
// the IDL file.
if (status)
exit(status);
}
// Memory allocation function for RPC.
// The runtime uses these two functions for allocating/deallocating
// enough memory to pass the string to the server.
void* __RPC_USER midl_user_allocate(size_t size)
{
return malloc(size);
}
// Memory deallocation function for RPC.
void __RPC_USER midl_user_free(void* p)
{
free(p);
}

Modify definition of your main to: int main(int argc, char *argv[]) instead of int main().
Inside the main then, you can have the code as follows:
std::string url = "some default url";
if (argc > 1) {
url = argv[1];
}
Similar question(s) on Stackoverflow:
Passing filename as arguments in C
Passing command line arguments

Related

ESP32 > using esp_console + argtable3 in a C++ project

I'am developping a C++ project on an ESP32.
I'd like to use esp_console + argtable3 (C libraries) in it.
I'm trying to use argtable3 in my members functions.
To do so, I'm creating callback functions to my members functions with a global pointer.
I'm sure my class is going to be instanced only once so I assume it's ok to create callback functions.
The problem is that argtable isn't giving me back the parameters entered by the user.
It checks for them successfully (number of args and their type) but the data it gives me back is random.
I've tested my code outside of members functions and it works well. But I want to use it inside members functions to access other parts of my object.
Here is my code :
// Pointer for my callback functions
MyClass * _callback;
struct arg_int *argInt;
struct arg_end *endPage;
// My callback function (GLOBAL)
int _setInt(int argc, char *argv[])
{
return _callback->setInt(argc, argv);
}
// Tab of struct for argtable lib (GLOBAL)
void *setInt_argtable[] =
{
argInt = arg_int1(NULL, NULL, "<0-12>", "Integer argument"),
endInt = arg_end(10)
};
// Function I'm calling back
int MyClass::setInt(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int nerrors = arg_parse(argc,argv,setInt_argtable);
if (nerrors > 0)
{
arg_print_errors(stdout, endPage, "myprog");
return 0;
}
printf("argc = %d\n", argc); // argc gives the correct number of args
printf("argv[0] = %s\n", argv[0]); // argv[0] gives the correct command name
printf("argv[1] = %s\n", argv[1]); // argv[1] gives the correct value
printf("argInt->ival[0] = %d\n", argInt->ival[0]); // argInt->ival[0] gives random value
return 0;
}
void MyClass::main(void)
{
// Callback pointer initialisation
_callback = this;
/* Initializing the console */
esp_console_config_t console_config
{
256,
8,
atoi(LOG_COLOR_CYAN),
0
};
ESP_ERROR_CHECK( esp_console_init(&console_config) );
/* Configure linenoise line completion library */
/* Enable multiline editing. If not set, long commands will scroll within
* single line.
*/
linenoiseSetMultiLine(1);
/* Tell linenoise where to get command completions and hints */
linenoiseSetCompletionCallback(&esp_console_get_completion);
linenoiseSetHintsCallback((linenoiseHintsCallback*) &esp_console_get_hint);
/* Set command history size */
linenoiseHistorySetMaxLen(100);
esp_console_register_help_command();
//
// Feeding my console with argtable parameters
//
esp_console_cmd_t consoleCmd;
consoleCmd.command = "setInt";
consoleCmd.func = &_setInt;
consoleCmd.help = "Trying to set a integer argument";
consoleCmd.argtable = setInt_argtable;
esp_console_cmd_register(&consoleCmd);
/* Main loop */
while(true)
{
// Getting command from user
}
}
Is my approach of using callback member function good ?
Any idea of what is my problem and how I could solve it ?
Thanks in advance for your answers.
After being copying/pasting very simple sample codes found on internet, I finally found what was the problem :
I was including <argtable3/argtable3.h> after "myclass.h"
It took me almost 2 days for a dumb error...
But if somebody has an explanation about why the inclusion order was allowing me to compile the program but making a "corrupted" binary, feel free to answer !

c++ windows service -main entry point - how to debug

I created a service for Windows using a complete example found at https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb540476(VS.85).aspx.
I do not know if it is the best example. A lot of people say Microsoft's examples are not the best. But it works. I can install, start, stop and delete the service without problems.
But now I need to effectively put the part of the code that should be what the service will do.
Reading the code I understood that this part creates a list and in it is placed the main of the service:
// TO_DO: Add any additional services for the process to this table.
SERVICE_TABLE_ENTRY DispatchTable[] =
{
{ SVCNAME, (LPSERVICE_MAIN_FUNCTION) SvcMain },
{ NULL, NULL }
};
// This call returns when the service has stopped.
// The process should simply terminate when the call returns.
if (!StartServiceCtrlDispatcher( DispatchTable ))
{
SvcReportEvent(TEXT("StartServiceCtrlDispatcher"));
}
If I understood correctly when the service was started the SvcMain function would be executed.
// Purpose:
// Entry point for the service
//
// Parameters:
// dwArgc - Number of arguments in the lpszArgv array
// lpszArgv - Array of strings. The first string is the name of
// the service and subsequent strings are passed by the process
// that called the StartService function to start the service.
//
// Return value:
// None.
//
VOID WINAPI SvcMain( DWORD dwArgc, LPTSTR *lpszArgv )
{
// Register the handler function for the service
LOGD << "passing 1";
gSvcStatusHandle = RegisterServiceCtrlHandler(
SVCNAME,
SvcCtrlHandler);
LOGD << "passing 2";
if( !gSvcStatusHandle )
{
SvcReportEvent(TEXT("RegisterServiceCtrlHandler"));
return;
}
// These SERVICE_STATUS members remain as set here
LOGD << "passing 3";
gSvcStatus.dwServiceType = SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS;
gSvcStatus.dwServiceSpecificExitCode = 0;
// Report initial status to the SCM
LOGD << "passing 4";
ReportSvcStatus( SERVICE_START_PENDING, NO_ERROR, 3000 );
// Perform service-specific initialization and work.
LOGD << "passing 5";
SvcInit( dwArgc, lpszArgv );
}
I put log messages on multiple lines and I did not get any results. Nothing was recorded in the log file.
Log messages work during the service installation, but nothing is logged from within the SvcMain function.
Note:: Everything has been tested and works fine when run as a program, including in Debug.
1 - Is this function that executes the service code?
2 - Is it possible to write a log file from within a service?
3 - What other option would I have to debug inside the service?

How do I make an in-place modification on an array using grpc and google protocol buffers?

I'm having a problem with a const request with the google protocol buffers using grpc. Here is my problem:
I would like to make an in-place modification of an array's value. For that I wrote this simple example where I try to pass an array and sum all of it's content. Here's my code:
adder.proto:
syntax = "proto3";
option java_package = "io.grpc.examples";
package adder;
// The greeter service definition.
service Adder {
// Sends a greeting
rpc Add (AdderRequest) returns (AdderReply) {}
}
// The request message containing the user's name.
message AdderRequest {
repeated int32 values = 1;
}
// The response message containing the greetings
message AdderReply {
int32 sum = 1;
}
server.cc:
//
// Created by Eric Reis on 7/6/16.
//
#include <iostream>
#include <grpc++/grpc++.h>
#include "adder.grpc.pb.h"
class AdderImpl final : public adder::Adder::Service
{
public:
grpc::Status Add(grpc::ServerContext* context, const adder::AdderRequest* request,
adder::AdderReply* reply) override
{
int sum = 0;
for(int i = 0, sz = request->values_size(); i < sz; i++)
{
request->set_values(i, 10); // -> this gives an error caused by the const declaration of the request variable
// error: "Non-const function 'set_values' is called on the const object"
sum += request->values(i); // -> this works fine
}
reply->set_sum(sum);
return grpc::Status::OK;
}
};
void RunServer()
{
std::string server_address("0.0.0.0:50051");
AdderImpl service;
grpc::ServerBuilder builder;
// Listen on the given address without any authentication mechanism.
builder.AddListeningPort(server_address, grpc::InsecureServerCredentials());
// Register "service" as the instance through which we'll communicate with
// clients. In this case it corresponds to an *synchronous* service.
builder.RegisterService(&service);
// Finally assemble the server.
std::unique_ptr<grpc::Server> server(builder.BuildAndStart());
std::cout << "Server listening on " << server_address << std::endl;
// Wait for the server to shutdown. Note that some other thread must be
// responsible for shutting down the server for this call to ever return.
server->Wait();
}
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
RunServer();
return 0;
}
client.cc:
//
// Created by Eric Reis on 7/6/16.
//
#include <iostream>
#include <grpc++/grpc++.h>
#include "adder.grpc.pb.h"
class AdderClient
{
public:
AdderClient(std::shared_ptr<grpc::Channel> channel) : stub_(adder::Adder::NewStub(channel)) {}
int Add(int* values, int sz) {
// Data we are sending to the server.
adder::AdderRequest request;
for (int i = 0; i < sz; i++)
{
request.add_values(values[i]);
}
// Container for the data we expect from the server.
adder::AdderReply reply;
// Context for the client. It could be used to convey extra information to
// the server and/or tweak certain RPC behaviors.
grpc::ClientContext context;
// The actual RPC.
grpc::Status status = stub_->Add(&context, request, &reply);
// Act upon its status.
if (status.ok())
{
return reply.sum();
}
else {
std::cout << "RPC failed" << std::endl;
return -1;
}
}
private:
std::unique_ptr<adder::Adder::Stub> stub_;
};
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
// Instantiate the client. It requires a channel, out of which the actual RPCs
// are created. This channel models a connection to an endpoint (in this case,
// localhost at port 50051). We indicate that the channel isn't authenticated
// (use of InsecureChannelCredentials()).
AdderClient adder(grpc::CreateChannel("localhost:50051",
grpc::InsecureChannelCredentials()));
int values[] = {1,2};
int sum = adder.Add(values, 2);
std::cout << "Adder received: " << sum << std::endl;
return 0;
}
My error happens when i try to call the method set_values() on the request object that is defined as const. I understand why this error is occurring but I just can't figure out a way to overcome it without making a copy of the array.
I tried to remove the const definition but the RPC calls fails when I do that.
Since I'm new to this RPC world and even more on grpc and the google protocol buffers I'd like to call for your help. What is the best way to solve this problem?
Please see my answer here. The server receives a copy of the AdderRequest sent by the client. If you were to modify it, the client's original AdderRequest would not be modified. If by "in place" you mean the server modifies the client's original memory, no RPC technology can truly accomplish that, because the client and server run in separate address spaces (processes), even on different machines.
If you truly need the server to modify the client's memory:
Ensure the server and client run on the same machine.
Use OS-specific shared-memory APIs such as shm_open() and mmap() to map the same chunk of physical memory into the address spaces of both the client and the server.
Use RPC to transmit the identifier (name) of the shared memory (not the actual data in the memory) and to invoke the server's processing.
When both client and server have opened and mapped the memory, they both have pointers (likely with different values in the different address spaces) to the same physical memory, so the server will be able to read what the client writes there (with no copying or transmitting) and vice versa.

COM port handle for reading data in c++ vs2012

I have a code to open and read serial COM port in vs2012 c++ which is working fine when I run the code separately in an individual solution.The code is as follow:
Serial* SP = new Serial("\\\\.\\COM3"); // adjust as needed
if (SP->IsConnected()) // check com port availability
printf("We're connected"); // send the result
char incomingData[512] = ""; // don't forget to pre-allocate memory
int dataLength = 256;
int readResult = 0; //if there is no reading it is -1
while(SP->IsConnected())
{
readResult = SP->ReadData(incomingData,dataLength);
//std::string test(incomingData);
res1=strtol(incomingData,&pos1,10); //receive data in right patern
res2=atof(pos1); //convert the character to integer
res3=(double)res2; // convert integer to double (as my desired output is a double)
printf("%f\n",res2); // print the result
Sleep(50); // pause so that I can see the coming data
}
in which Serial,ReadData and other functions and headers are defined in a separate header and .cpp file.
My problem occurs when I want to plug the code in my other solution (SOFA Simulation) which I want to use to make a graphical interface. but I get the INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE error and the get last error gives me ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND. this is my code in the solution I want to use:
namespace sofa
{
namespace component
{
namespace behaviormodel
{
MyBehaviorModel::MyBehaviorModel():
customUnsignedData(initData(&customUnsignedData, (unsigned)1,"Custom Unsigned Data","Example of unsigned data with custom widget")),
regularUnsignedData(initData(&regularUnsignedData, (unsigned)1,"Unsigned Data","Example of unsigned data with standard widget"))
{
customUnsignedData.setWidget("widget_myData");
}
MyBehaviorModel::~MyBehaviorModel()
{
}
void MyBehaviorModel::init()
{
}
void MyBehaviorModel::reinit()
{
}
void MyBehaviorModel::updatePosition(SReal dt)
{
Serial* SP = new Serial("\\\\.\\COM3"); // adjust as needed
if (SP->IsConnected())
printf("We're connected");
char incomingData[512] = ""; // don't forget to pre-allocate memory
int dataLength = 256;
int readResult = 0;
while(SP->IsConnected())
{
readResult = SP->ReadData(incomingData,dataLength);
//std::string test(incomingData);
res1=strtol(incomingData,&pos1,10);
res2=atof(pos1);
res3=(double)res2;
printf("%f\n",res2);
Sleep(50);
}
dx=0.01;
dy=0.01;
dz+=0.01;
using core::behavior::MechanicalState;
mState1 = dynamic_cast<MechanicalState<sofa::defaulttype::Rigid3dTypes> *> (this->getContext()->getMechanicalState());
helper::WriteAccessor<sofa::core::objectmodel:: Data<sofa::defaulttype::Rigid3dTypes::VecCoord> > xp = *mState1- >write(core::VecCoordId::position());
xp[0].getCenter()=sofa::defaulttype::Vec<3,Real>((Real)dx,(Real)dy,(Real)(res2);
}
SOFA_DECL_CLASS(MyBehaviorModel)
int MyBehaviorModelClass = core::RegisterObject("Dummy component with a custom widget.").add< MyBehaviorModel >();
} // namespace behaviormodel
} // namespace component
} // namespace sofa
I really can not figure out what the problem is because as I said the problem is not from my serial reader code as I tested it and I know it works fine separately.can you find out where the problem lies?
thanks in advance!
This is my Serial constructor:
Serial::Serial(char *portName)
{//We're not yet connected
this->connected = false;
//Try to connect to the given port throuh CreateFile
this->hSerial = CreateFile((LPCWSTR)portName,
GENERIC_READ ,
0,
NULL,
OPEN_EXISTING,
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,
NULL);
//Check if the connection was successfull
if(this->hSerial==INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
//If not success full display an Error
if(GetLastError()==ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND){
//Print Error if neccessary
printf("ERROR: Handle was not attached. Reason: %s not available.\n", portName);
}
else
{
printf("ERROR!!!");
}
}
else
{
//If connected we try to set the comm parameters
DCB dcbSerialParams = {0};
//Try to get the current
if (!GetCommState(this->hSerial, &dcbSerialParams))
{
//If impossible, show an error
printf("failed to get current serial parameters!");
}
else
{
//Define serial connection parameters for the arduino board
dcbSerialParams.BaudRate=CBR_9600;
dcbSerialParams.ByteSize=8;
dcbSerialParams.StopBits=ONESTOPBIT;
dcbSerialParams.Parity=NOPARITY;
//Setting the DTR to Control_Enable ensures that the Arduino is properly
//reset upon establishing a connection
dcbSerialParams.fDtrControl = DTR_CONTROL_ENABLE;
//Set the parameters and check for their proper application
if(!SetCommState(hSerial, &dcbSerialParams))
{
printf("ALERT: Could not set Serial Port parameters");
}
else
{
//If everything went fine we're connected
this->connected = true;
//Flush any remaining characters in the buffers
PurgeComm(this->hSerial, PURGE_RXCLEAR | PURGE_TXCLEAR);
//We wait 2s as the arduino board will be reseting
Sleep(ARDUINO_WAIT_TIME);
}
}
}
}
The function CreateFile is actually a Macro that is mapped to either CreateFileA or CreateFileW depending on your project (unicode) configuration. As others have mentioned, you should not use a type cast to LPCWSTR to hide the fact that your code is not correct, you just need to use the right type of string.
If a function expects a widestring (LPCWSTR) and you pass it a chunk of memory that contains an ANSI string, it will never work. In this particular case, you can use the function CreateFileA directly so that you can pass your ANSI string to it.

How to stub a socket in C?

I've written client code that's supposed to send some data through a socket and read back an answer from the remote server.
I would like to unit-test that code. The function's signature is something along the lines of:
double call_remote(double[] args, int fd);
where fd is the file descriptor of the socket to the remote server.
Now the call_remote function will, after sending the data, block on reading the answer from the server. How can I stub such a remote server for unit-testing the code?
Ideally I would like something like:
int main() {
int stub = /* initialize stub */
double expected = 42.0;
assert(expected == call_remote(/* args */, stub);
return 0;
}
double stub_behavior(double[] args) {
return 42.0;
}
I would like stub_behavior to be called and send the 42.0 value down the stubbed file descriptor.
Any easy way I can do that?
If this is a POSIX system, you can use fork() and socketpair():
#define N_DOUBLES_EXPECTED 10
double stub_behaviour(double []);
int initialize_stub(void)
{
int sock[2];
double data[N_DOUBLES_EXPECTED];
socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, sock);
if (fork()) {
/* Parent process */
close(sock[0]);
return sock[1];
}
/* Child process */
close(sock[1]);
/* read N_DOUBLES_EXPECTED in */
read(sock[0], data, sizeof data);
/* execute stub */
data[0] = stub_behaviour(data);
/* write one double back */
write(sock[0], data, sizeof data[0]);
close(sock[0]);
_exit(0);
}
int main()
{
int stub = initialize_stub();
double expected = 42.0;
assert(expected == call_remote(/* args */, stub);
return 0;
}
double stub_behavior(double args[])
{
return 42.0;
}
...of course, you will probably want to add some error checking, and alter the logic that reads the request.
The file descriptor created by socketpair() is a normal socket, and thus socket calls like send() and recv() will work fine on it.
You could use anything which can be accessed with a file descriptor. A file or, if you want simulate blocking behaviour, a pipe.
Note: obviosly socket specific calls (setsockopt, fcntl, ioctl, ...) wouldn't work.
I encountered the same situation and I'll share my approach. I created network dumps of exactly what the client should send, and what the server response should be. I then did a byte-by-byte comparison of the client request to ensure it matched. If the request is valid, I read from the response file and send it back to the client.
I'm happy to provide more details (when I'm at a machine with access to this code)
Here is a C++ implementation (I know, the original question was for C, but it is easy to convert back to C if desired). It probably doesn't work for very large strings, as the socket will probably block if the string can't be buffered. But it works for small unit tests.
/// Class creates a simple socket for testing out functions that write to a socket.
/// Usage:
/// 1. Call GetSocket() to get a file description socket ID
/// 2. write to that socket FD
/// 3. Call ReadAll() read back all the data that was written to that socket.
/// The sockets are all closed by ReadAll(), so this is a one-use object.
///
/// \example
/// MockSocket ms;
/// int socket = ms.GetSocket();
/// send(socket,"foo bar",7);
/// ...
/// std::string s = ms.ReadAll();
/// EXPECT_EQ("foo bar",s);
class MockSocket
{
public:
~MockSocket()
{
}
int GetSocket()
{
socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, sockets_);
return sockets_[0];
}
std::string ReadAll()
{
close(sockets_[0]);
std::string s;
char buffer[256];
while (true)
{
int n = read(sockets_[1], buffer, sizeof(buffer));
if (n > 0) s.append(buffer,n);
if (n <= 0) break;
}
close(sockets_[1]);
return s;
}
private:
int sockets_[2];
};