I need to convert all paths with '\' in them to '/'. The makefile is quite long and doing this manually is impossible.
Is there some way to quickly convert them? Keep in mind that a global replace is not possible because '\' is also used to denote that a command is continued on the following line.
It looks like you could do this with a sed command:
sed -e 's/\\\(.\)/\/\1/g'
This converts any backslash followed by some other character (which doesn't include newline) into a forward slash followed by that same character.
This command line has a bit of a "leaning toothpick" problem, sorry about that.
I think that Gregs solution was nearly correct, but I would do
sed -e 's/\\\(.\)/\/\1/g'
to make sure that not only the first slash gets replaced. Sorry for not doing this as a comment, but I don't have the privilege yet.
Related
I am trying to make the following regular expressions to work in sed command in bash.
^[^<]?(https?:\/\/(www\.)?[-a-zA-Z0-9#:%._\+~#=]{1,256}\.[a-zA-Z0-9()]{1,6}\b([-a-zA-Z0-9()#:%_\+.~#?&\/\/=]*))[^>]?$
I know the regular expression is correct and it is working as I expected. So; there is no help needed with that. I tested it on online regular expressions tester and it is working as per my expectations.
Please find the demo of the above regex in here.
My requirement:
I want to enclose every url inside <>. If the url is already enclosed; then append it to the result as can be seen in the above regex link.
Sample Input:(in file named website.txt)
// List of all legal urls
https://www.google.com/
https://www.fakesite.co.in
https://www.fakesite.co.uk
<https://www.fakesite.co.uk>
<https://www.google.com/>
Expected Output:(in the file named output.txt)
<https://www.google.com/> // Please notice every url is enclosed in the <>.
<https://www.fakesite.co.in>
<https://www.fakesite.co.uk>
<https://www.fakesite.co.uk> // Please notice if the url is already enclosed in <> then it is appended as it is.
<https://www.google.com/>
What I tried in sed:
Since I'm not well-versed in bash commands; so previously I was not able to capture the group properly in sed but after reading this answer; I figured out that we need to escape the parenthesis to be able to capture it.
Somewhere; I read that look-arounds are not supported in sed(GNU based) so I removed lookarounds too; but that also didn't worked. If it doesn't support look-arounds then I used this regex and it served my purpose.
Then; this is my latest try with sed command:
sed 's#^[^<]?(https?://(?:www\.)?[-a-zA-Z0-9#:%._\+~#=]{1,256}\.[a-zA-Z0-9()]{1,6}\b(?:[-a-zA-Z0-9()#:%_\+.~#?&/=]*))[^>]?$#<\1>#gm;t;d' websites.txt > output.txt
My exact problem:
How can I make the above command to work properly. If you'll run the command sample I attached above in point-3; you'd see it is not replacing the contents properly. It is just dumping the contents of websites.txt to output.txt. But in regex demo; attached above it is working properly i.e. enclosing all the unenclosed websites inside <>. Any suggestions would be helpful. I preferably want it in sed but if it is possible can I convert the above command in awk also? If you can please help me with that too; I'll be highly obliged. Thanks
After working for long, I made my sed command to work. Below is the command which worked.
sed -E 's#^[^<]?(https?://(www\.)?[-a-zA-Z0-9#:%._\+~#=]{1,256}\.[a-zA-Z0-9()]{1,6}\b([-a-zA-Z0-9()#:%_\+.~#?&=]*))[^>]?$#<\1>#gm;t' websites.txt > output.txt
You can find the sample implementation of the command in here.
Since, the regex has already fulfilled the requirement of the person for whom I'm writing this requirement for; I needed to get help only regarding the command syntax (although any improvements are heartily welcomed); I want the command to work with the same regular expression pattern.
Things which I was unaware previously and learnt now:
I didn't knew anything about -E flag. Now I know; that -E uses POSIX "extended" syntax ("ERE"). Thanks to #GordonDavisson and #Sundeep. Further reading.
I didn't know with clarity that sed doesn't supports look-around. But now I know sed doesn't support look-around. Thanks to #dmitri-chubarov. Further reading
I didn't knew sed doesn't support non-capturing groups too. Thanks to #Sundeep for solving this part. Further Reading
I didn't knew about GNU sed as a specific command line tool. Thanks to #oguzismail for this. Further reading.
With respect to the command in your answer:
sed -E 's#^[^<]?(https?://(www\.)?[-a-zA-Z0-9#:%._\+~#=]{1,256}\.[a-zA-Z0-9()]{1,6}\b([-a-zA-Z0-9()#:%_\+.~#?&=]*))[^>]?$#<\1>#gm;t'
Here's a few notes:
Your posted sample input has 1 URL per line so AFAIK the gm;t at the end of your sed command is doing nothing useful so either your input is inadequate or your script is wrong.
The hard-coded ranges a-z, A-Z, and 0-9 include different characters in different locales. If you meant to include all (and only) lower case letters, upper case letters, and digits then you should replace a-zA-Z0-9 with the POSIX character class [:alnum:]. So either change to use a locale-independent character class or specify the locale you need on your command line depending in your requirements for which characters to match in your regexp.
Like most characters, the character + is literal inside a bracket expression so it shouldn't be escaped - change \+ to just +.
The bracket expression [^<]? means "1 or 0 occurrences of any character that is not a <" and similarly for [^>]? so if your "url" contained random characters at the start/end it'd be accepted, e.g.:
echo 'xhttp://foo.bar%' | sed -E 's#^[^<]?(https?://(www\.)?[-a-zA-Z0-9#:%._\+~#=]{1,256}\.[a-zA-Z0-9()]{1,6}\b([-a-zA-Z0-9()#:%_\+.~#?&=]*))[^>]?$#<\1>#gm;t'
<http://foo.bar%>
I think you meant to use <? and >? instead of [^<]? and [^>]?.
Your regexp would allow a "url" that has no letters:
echo 'http://=.9' | gsed -E 's#^[^<]?(https?://(www\.)?[-a-zA-Z0-9#:%._\+~#=]{1,256}\.[a-zA-Z0-9()]{1,6}\b([-a-zA-Z0-9()#:%_\+.~#?&=]*))[^>]?$#<\1>#gm;t'
<http://=.9>
If you edit your question to provide more truly representative sample input and expected output (including cases you do not want to match) then we can help you BUT based on a quick google of what a valid URL is it looks like there are several valid URLs that'd be disallowed by your regexp and several invalid ones that'd be allowed so you might want to ask about that in a question tagged with url or similar (with the tags you currently have we can help you implement your regexp but there may be better people to help with defining your regexp).
If the input file is just a comment followed by a list of URLs, try:
sed '1d;s/^[^<]/<&/;s/[^>]$/&>/' websites.txt
Output:
<https://www.google.com/>
<https://www.fakesite.co.in>
<https://www.fakesite.co.uk>
<https://www.fakesite.co.uk>
<https://www.google.com/>
I'm dealing with a body of XML files containing unstructured texts with semantic markup for personal names.
For reasons to do with the stylesheet that will eventually show them via a web application, I need to replace:
<persName>Fred</persName>'s
<persName>Wilma</persName>'s
with
<persName>Fred's</persName>
<persName>Wilma's</persName>
I have a single line in a shell script, being run in Gitbash for Windows, below. It runs OK, but has no effect. I suppose I'm missing something obvious, perhaps to do with escaping characters, but any help appreciated.
sed -i "s/<\/persName>\'s/\'s<\/persName>/g" test.xml
You may use
sed -i "s,</persName>'s,'s</persName>,g" test.xml
Details
s - we want to replace
, - a delimiter
</persName>'s - this string to find
, - delimiter
's</persName> - replace with this string
, - delimiter
g - multiple times if more than one is found
The -i option makes the replacements directly in the file.
Note that you do not have to escape ' when defining the sed command inside a double quoted string.
It is a good idea to use a delimiter char other than the common / if there are / chars inside the regex or/and replacement pattern.
The comment on your question suggests an easier solution, but I guess, that there might be names where the suffix 's differs, like names ending with an s. So I chose a solution where you grab what's right and put it in the middle.
As separator for the search and replace command in sed you can choose whatever you want. I've chosen #, so you don't have to escape the backslashes in the text. The escaped parantheses store what's inside in variables \1 and \2.
sed 's#<persName>\(.*\)</persName>\(.*\)#<persName>\1\2</persName>#g' testfile
Result:
<persName>Fred's</persName>
<persName>Wilma's</persName>
If you want to replace it in file, you can use the -i parameter. But be sure to check the result first.
I try to understand what the following sed command will do:
sed ‘s/[[:digit:]]+\([[:digit:]]\)/0/g’ myfile
Perhaps this should be a comment but it's a bit long...
Without any switches (typically -r/-E depending on your version of sed), this would match a single digit, followed by a plus sign, followed by another digit. It would capture the digit after the plus sign but not use it in the replacement (which seems a bit strange to me).
With extended regular expressions enabled (using one of the switches mentioned above), this would match one or more digits, followed by a single digit in parentheses.
In both cases, any matches would be replaced by 0.
It looks more likely to me that the command is supposed to be run in extended mode but I'm not aware of any versions of sed where this is enabled by default, so the command looks like it's probably broken.
I'm also suspicious about the quotes surrounding the command ‘ as they don't appear to be normal single quotes ' - this may be causing you a problem as well...
In any case, it would help us to help you if you provided a sample of your input and explained what you were trying to do, rather than just posting a random sed command as a question :)
Try running it on input containing patterns like 12(5) and seeing what it does. In general, s/pattern/something/g searches and replaces every instance of pattern with something.
I would like to do a string replacement on the command line. I can do this in Python, but it would be easier for my workflow if I just do this in Unix. Currently I'm trying to get this to work with sed.
I am trying to delete any information surrounded by single quotes. Inside the quotes, I have varying combinations of letters, numbers, spaces, dashes, square brackets, underscores, and semicolons.
Here's an example...
(214016:0.13461,814430:0.04526)'o__stuff; f__[morestuff-123]':0.03063
In python, I can do this...
line = "(214016:0.13461,814430:0.04526)'o__stuff; f__[morestuff-123]':0.03063"
sub(r"\'[ \w;\-\[\]]+\'","",line)
Which correctly prints...
(214016:0.13461,814430:0.04526):0.03063
I'm now trying to do this with sed, which hasn't worked out for me so far. I've been trying to work with this tutorial, which has been helpful. Here's what I've got...
sed "s/\'[-[:alnum:] ;\[\]]+\'//g" file.txt
This doesn't work. Any thoughts on what is wrong?
Thanks for any help!
This might work for you (GNU sed):
sed 's/'\''[^'\'']*'\''//g' file
N.B. the expression '\'' is a shell device to represent a single '
sed "s/'[^']*'//g" file
works too.
You need to put the dash first or last in the regex; a dash between two characters defines a character range, even when one of them is a backslash.
Similarly, to match a literal right square bracket, put it first (after any negation or dash). In traditional regex, a backslash is just a literal backslash in a character range, and you disambiguate by putting any special characters (dash, square brackets) first or last.
Oh, and lose the Useless Use of cat;
sed "s/\'[-][[:alnum:];]+\'//g" file.txt
Do you really need to replace multiple occurrences per line? If not, the /g flag is superfluous (but mostly harmless).
I would like to be able to go:
sed "s/^\(\w+\)$/leftside\1rightside/"
and have the group matched by (\w+\) appear in between 'leftside' and 'rightside'.
But it seems like I have to pipe it twice, one for the left of the text, another time for the right. If anyone knows a way to do it in one pass, I'd appreciate it.
The reason it's not working is that you probably specify the wrong regex. In your case, text will be added in the end and beginning of the line only if it consists only of word characters (given that your version of sed supports the \w notation). Also you didn't escape the + which you should do if not using the -r option.
Try starting with sed "s/^\(.*\)$/leftside\1rightside/" or just sed "s/.*/leftside&rightside/" and working from that.