where to store .properties file for use in c++ dll - c++

I created a .properties file that contains a few simple key = value pairs.
I tried it out from a sample c++ console application, using imported java classes, and I was able to access it, no problem.
Now, I am trying to use it in the same way, from a C++ dll, which is being called by another (unmanaged) c++ project.
For some reason, the file is not being accessed.
Maybe my file location is wrong. Where should I be storing it?
What else might be the issue?
TIA

As you are mentioning "DLL" i guess, that you are using MS Windows. Finding a file there from a DLL, and independently from the logged on user is a restricted item. The best way is to store the file in a path assembled from the environment variable ALLUSERSPROFILE. This is the only location that is equal to all users and where all users usually have write access. Your applications data should reside in a private subdirectory named like < MyCompany > or < MyApplicationsName >. Type
echo %ALLUSERSPROFILE%
on a windows command line prompt to find out the actual location on a machine.
Store your data in i.e.:
%ALLUSERSPROFILE%\MyApp\
Your dll can then query the location of ALLUSERSPROFILE using getenv:
char *allUsersData = getenv("ALLUSERSPROFILE");

Related

How to read a file name containing 'œ' as character in C/C++ on windows

This post is not a duplicate of this one: dirent not working with unicode
Because here I'm using it on a different OS and I also don't want to do the same thing. The other thread is trying to simply count the files, and I want to access the file name which is more complex.
I'm trying to retrieve data information through files names on a windows 10 OS.
For this purpose I use dirent.h(external c library, but still very usefull also in c++).
DIR* directory = opendir(path);
struct dirent* direntStruct;
if (directory != NULL)
{
while (direntStruct = readdir(directory))
{
cout << direntStruct->d_name << endl;
}
}
This code is able to retrieve all files names located in a specific folder (one by one). And it works pretty well!
But when it encounter a file containing the character 'œ' then things are going crazy:
Example:
grosse blessure au cœur.txt
is read in my program as:
GUODU0~6.TXT
I'm not able to find the original data in the string name because as you can see my string variable has nothing to do with the current file name!
I can rename the file and it works, but I don't want to do this, I just need to read the data from that file name and it seems impossible. How can I do this?
On Windows you can use FindFirstFile() or FindFirstFileEx() followed by FindNextFile() to read the contents of a directory with Unicode in the returned file names.
Short File Name
The name you receive is the 8.3 short file name NTFS generates for non-ascii file names, so they can be accessed by programs that don't support unicode.
clinging to dirent
If dirent doesn't support UTF-16, your best bet may be to change your library.
However, depending on the implementation of the library you may have luck with:
adding / changing the manifest of your application to support UTF-8 in char-based Windows API's. This requires a very recent version of Windows 10.
see MSDN:
Use the UTF-8 code page under Windows - Apps - UWP - Design and UI - Usability - Globalization and localization.
setting the C++ Runtime's code page to UTF-8 using setlocale
I do not recommend this, and I don't know if this will work.
life is change
Use std::filesystem to enumerate directory content.
A simple example can be found here (see the "Update 2017").
Windows only
You can use FindFirstFileW and FindNextFileW as platform API's that support UTF16 strings. However, with std::filesystem there's little reason to do so (at least for your use case).
If you're in C, use the OS functions directly, specifically FindFirstFileW and FindNextFileW. Note the W at the end, you want to use the wide versions of these functions to get back the full non-ASCII name.
In C++ you have more options, specifically with Boost. You have classes like recursive_directory_iterator which allow cross-platform file searching, and they provide UTF-8/UTF-16 file names.
Edit: Just to be absolutely clear, the file name you get back from your original code is correct. Due to backwards compatibility in Windows filesystems (FAT32 and NTFS), every file has two names: the "full", Unicode aware name, and the "old" 8.3 name from DOS days.
You can absolutely use the 8.3 name if you want, just don't show it to your users or they'll be (correctly) confused. Or just use the proper, modern API to get the real name.

_findfirst and WinRT access denied

I am porting existing C++ app (game engine) to support Windows Store 8 and Windows Phone 8.1 Apps and I am having problem with the _wfindfirst function. On regular Win32 it returns a handle to the first found element matching the pattern. we use it mainly to get information about directory or file.
The function I am trying to get working on WindowsPhone/Windows Store App is like this:
bool sys_GetFileInfo(const std::string& path, FileInfo* info) {
...
long handle = _wfindfirst(p.c_str(), &item); // path gets converted to wstring
if (handle != -1L) {
info->size = (item.attrib & _A_SUBDIR) ? -1 : item.size;
info->modifiedAt = item.time_write;
_findclose(handle);
return true;
}
...
}
So it was used to retrieve file size and modification date (and if it happened to be directory the size was set to -1)
The first usage was to get info about working directory of an exe so in case of the WinRT/WP/WS I am using it with the path provided by
std::wstring wpath = Windows::ApplicationModel::Package::Current->InstalledLocation->Path->Data();
The path in this case is:
wpath = L"C:\\foo\\winrt\\winrt\\Debug\\foo_winrt.Windows\\AppX"
The problem is that it always returns -1, when I check the error string with GetLastError() code I get the access denied error. This is confusing as in my understanding application should have read access to this location so _wfindfirst is a read operation right? On Win32 it worked given a regular directory path.
Why this function fails? Is there any other viable option to achieve the same result for WinRT ?
If still relevant, it seems you are not able to use standard C++ functions to access file system outside your app's sandbox (installed location and local app folder). They will fail with Access denied error. I think they behave pretty much the way CreateFile2 behaves, and according to MSDN:
When called from a Windows Store app, CreateFile2 is simplified. You can open only files or directories inside the ApplicationData.LocalFolder or Package.InstalledLocation directories.
In your case, as I can see, the installed location points to a development folder, and I think the system decides that this location isn't inside your app's sandbox.
Consider using Windows Runtime APIs from Windows.Storage namespace. These APIs can be used to access any file in the file system.

Accessing text data files from a static library function

How to I enable a static library to pull in data available in ascii data files?
I am trying to add a model to a simulation as a library which contains functions that read data from data files. I am able to compile and run the functions from a main program outside the actual full simulation, but once I put the functions as a library on the host for the simulation the data no longer gets read.
As the path to the data is changing depending on the user, I cannot provide an absolute data path to the ascii data files. Is there a way to use objcopy to make the data files into object code in the library or how can I best access the data from my static library?
There are several solutions to open a file that has an unknown location at compile time. Prompt the user for the name of the file, including directory. Use an environment variable to designate the directory containing the file ... Fortran 2003 has an intrinsic to obtain the value of an environment variable. Obtain the information from a command line argument ... again Fortran 2003 has an intrinsic for this purpose. With all of these, construct the filename as a string variable and provide that variable to the FILE keyword of the OPEN statement.
I don't know why you inclouded the Fortran tag, but in Fortran you:
tell the code to open a file you want using a character string
to read from it
and to close it
There is no difference between a main program or a library.
If you have a function like, say:
void read_data_from_files() { ... }
You'll need to change it in the DLL to be more like:
DataObject read_data_from_file(const char* file_path) { ... }
And then call it appropriately.
You'll need to design DataObject.

Correctly creating and running a win32 service with file I/O

I've written a very simple service application based on this code example.
The application as part of its normal running assumes there exists a file in the directory it is found, or in its execution path.
When I 'install' the service and then subsequently 'start' the service from the service manager in control panel. The application fails because it can't find the file to open and read from (even though the file is in the same directory as the installed executable).
My question is when a windows service is run, which is the expected running path supposed to be?
When calling 'CreateService' there only seems to be a path parameter for the binary, not for execution. Is there someway to indicate where the binary should be executed from?
I've tried this on windows vista and windows 7. Getting the same issues.
Since Windows services are run from a different context than normal user-mode applications, it's best if you don't make any assumptions about working directories or relative paths. Aside from differences in working directories, a service could run using a completely different set of permissions, etc.
Using an absolute path to the file that your service needs should avoid this problem entirely. Absolute paths will be interpreted the same regardless of the working directory, so this should make the working directory of your service irrelevant. There are several ways to go about this:
Hard-code the absolute path - This is perhaps the easiest way to avoid the problem, however it's also the least flexible. This method is probably fine for basic development and testing work, but you probably want something a bit more sophisticated before other people start using your program.
Store the absolute path in an environment variable - This gives you an extra layer of flexibility since the path can now be set to any arbitrary value and changed as needed. Since a service can run as a different user with a different set of environment variables, there are still some gotchas with this approach.
Store an absolute path in the registry - This is probably the most fool-proof method. Retrieving the path from the registry will give you the same result for all user accounts, plus this is relatively easy to set up at install time.
By default, the current directory for your Windows service is the System32 folder.
A promising solution is creating an environment variable that keeps the full path of your input location and retrieving the path from this variable at runtime.
If you use the same path as binary, you could just read binary path and modify it accordingly. But this is rather quick-fix rather than designed-solution. If I were you, I would either create system-wide environment variable and store value there, or (even better) use windows registry to store service configuration.
Note:
You will need to add Yourself some privileges using AdjustTokenPrivileges function, you can see an example here in ModifyPrivilege function.
Also be sure to use HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE and not HKEY_CURRENT_USER. Services ar running under different user account so it's HKCU's will be different than what you can see in your registry editor.
Today I solved this problem as it was needed for some software I was developing.
As people above have said; you can hardcode the directory to a specific file - but that would mean whatever config files are needed to load would have to be placed there.
For me, this service was being installed on > 50,000 computers.
We designed it to load from directory in which the service executable is running from.
Now, this is easy enough to set up and achieve as a non-system process (I did most of my testing as a non-system process). But the thing is that the system wrapper that you used (and I used as well) uses Unicode formatting (and depends on it) so traditional ways of doing it doesn't work as well.
Commented parts of the code should explain this. There are some redundancies, I know, but I just wanted a working version when I wrote this.
Fortunately, you can just use GetModuleFileNameA to process it in ASCII format
The code I used is:
char buffer[MAX_PATH]; // create buffer
DWORD size = GetModuleFileNameA(NULL, buffer, MAX_PATH); // Get file path in ASCII
std::string configLoc; // make string
for (int i = 0; i < strlen(buffer); i++) // iterate through characters of buffer
{
if (buffer[i] == '\\') // if buffer has a '\' in it, replace with doubles
{
configLoc = configLoc + "\\\\"; // doubles needed for parsing. 4 = 2(str)
}
else
{
configLoc = configLoc + buffer[i]; // else just add char as normal
}
}
// Complete location
configLoc = configLoc.substr(0, configLoc.length() - 17); //cut the .exe off the end
//(change this to fit needs)
configLoc += "\\\\login.cfg"; // add config file to end of string
From here on, you can simple parse configLoc into a new ifsteam - and then process the contents.
Use this function to adjust the working directory of the service to be the same as the working directory of the exe it's running.
void AdjustCurrentWorkingDir() {
TCHAR szBuff[1024];
DWORD dwRet = 0;
dwRet = GetModuleFileName(NULL, szBuff, 1024); //gets path of exe
if (dwRet != 0 && GetLastError() != ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER) {
*(_tcsrchr(szBuff, '\\') + 1) = 0; //get parent directory of exe
if (SetCurrentDirectory(szBuff) == 0) {
//Error
}
}
}

CreateHardLink and CreateSymbolicLink Win32 Functions

I am completing a project to create dummy file systems for backup testing and need to develop a method of creating a Hardlinks and Softlinks within the structures.
The CreateHardLink and CreateSymbolicLink functions in windows.h receive file location and names based upon the current working directory.
The source code now changes directory, but those two functions do not successfully execute.
wstring hltarg;
hltarg = L"sym";
hltarg += ExistingFileName;
CreateHardLinkW(hltarg.c_str(), ExistingFileName.c_str(), NULL)
where hltarg concatenates the existing file name to the end of sym.
Because I moved my working directory to my target directory, neither of these strings contains a full path, but rather just the target file names.
Any advice on a different route to take rather than changing current directory?
The application will need to be portable so no hard references to file paths can be made, although desired file paths will be provided.