When enabling mTLS in Istio, every pod of a given deployment has a certificate.
My question is: do pods of the same deployment share the same certificate or it's different for every pod?
It is a different certificate for every pod. But having different certificates doesn't matter as the information encoded into them is the same (the SPIFFE ID is encoded into them and for pods of the same deployment it is the same ID).
Related
I can communicate to another service in the same namespace via:
curl http://myservice1:8080/actuator/info
inside the pod.
The application is not configured with TLS, I am curious if I can reach that pod via virtual service so that I can utilized this Istio feature:
curl https://myservice1:8080/actuator/info
We have Istio virtualservice and gateway in place. External access to pod is managed by it and is working properly. We just wanted to reach another pod via https if possible without having to reconfigure the application.
How to communicate securely to a k8s service via istio?
Answering the question under the title - there will be many possibilities, but you should at the beginning Understanding TLS Configuration:
One of Istio’s most important features is the ability to lock down and secure network traffic to, from, and within the mesh. However, configuring TLS settings can be confusing and a common source of misconfiguration. This document attempts to explain the various connections involved when sending requests in Istio and how their associated TLS settings are configured. Refer to TLS configuration mistakes for a summary of some the most common TLS configuration problems.
There are many different ways to secure your connection. It all depends on what exactly you need and what you set up.
We have istio virtualservice and gateway in place, external access to pod is managed by it and working properly. We just wanted to reach another pod via https if possible without having to reconfigure the application
As for virtualservice and gateway, you will find an example configuration in this article. You can find guides for single host and for multiple hosts.
We just wanted to reach another pod via https if possible without having to reconfigure the application.
Here you will most likely be able to apply the outbound configuration:
While the inbound side configures what type of traffic to expect and how to process it, the outbound configuration controls what type of traffic the gateway will send. This is configured by the TLS settings in a DestinationRule, just like external outbound traffic from sidecars, or auto mTLS by default.
The only difference is that you should be careful to consider the Gateway settings when configuring this. For example, if the Gateway is configured with TLS PASSTHROUGH while the DestinationRule configures TLS origination, you will end up with double encryption. This works, but is often not the desired behavior.
A VirtualService bound to the gateway needs care as well to ensure it is consistent with the Gateway definition.
I have some basic questions about Istio. I installed Istio for my Tyk API gateway. Then I found that simply installing Istio will cause all traffic between the Tyk pods to be blocked. Is this the default behaviour for Istio? The Tyk gateway cannot communicate with the Tyk dashboard.
When I rebuild my deployment without Istio, everything works fine.
I have also read that Istio can be configured with virtual services to perform traffic routing. Is this what I need to do for every default installing of Istio? Meaning, if I don't create any virtual services, then Istio will block all traffic by default?
Secondly, I understand a virtual service is created as a YAML file applied as a CRD. The host name defined in the virtual service rules - in a default Kubernetes cluster implementation on Google Cloud, how do I find out the host name of my application?
Lastly, if I install Tyk first, then later install Istio, and I have created the necessary label in Tyk's nanmespace for the proxy to be injected, can I just perform a rolling upgrade of my Tyk pods to have Istio start the injection?
For example, I have these labels in my Tyk dashboard service. Do I use the value called "app" in my virtual service YAML?
labels:
app: dashboard-svc-tyk-pro
app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
chart: tyk-pro-0.8.1
heritage: Helm
release: tyk-pro
Sorry for all the basic questions!
For question on Tyk gateway cannot communicate with the Tyk dashboard.
(I think the problem is that your pod tries to connect to the database before the Istio sidecar is ready. And thus the connection can't be established.
Istio runs an init container that configures the pods route table so all traffic is routed through the sidecar. So if the sidecar isn't running and the other pod tries to connect to the db, no connection can be established. Ex case: Application running in Kubernetes cron job does not connect to database in same Kubernetes cluster)
For question on Virtual Services
2.Each virtual service consists of a set of routing rules that are evaluated in order, letting Istio match each given request to the virtual service to a specific real destination within the mesh.
By default, Istio configures the Envoy proxies to passthrough requests to unknown services. However, you can’t use Istio features to control the traffic to destinations that aren’t registered in the mesh.
For question on hostname refer to this documentation.
The hosts field lists the virtual service’s hosts - in other words, the user-addressable destination or destinations that these routing rules apply to. This is the address or addresses the client uses when sending requests to the service.
Adding Istio on GKE to an existing cluster please refer to this documentation.
If you want to update a cluster with the add-on, you may need to first resize your cluster to ensure that you have enough resources for Istio. As when creating a new cluster, we suggest at least a 4 node cluster with the 2 vCPU machine type.If you have an existing application on the cluster, you can find out how to migrate it so it's managed by Istio as mentioned in the Istio documentation.
You can uninstall the add-on following document which includes to shift traffic away from the Istio ingress gateway.Please take a look at this doc for more details on installing and uninstalling Istio on GKE.
Also adding this document for installing Istio on GKE which also includes installing it to an existing cluster to quickly evaluate Istio.
I have a requirement where I need to maintain multiple public domains to point to our server,
so I use alb-ingress-controller which spins up an ALB and also allows me to pass a 25 cert ARNS in certificateArns annotation,
However if I add any new SSL certificate to the ALB spun up by alb-ingress-controller via AWS console, the K8s controller reconciler removes the certificate that I manually added.
An ideal way for me would be to get the ALB spun up by alb-ingress-controller, but for me to still be able to add the SSL certs to this ALB via AWS Console/API.
Does anyone know how to make this work?
I tried working on the alb-ingress-controller project but it's a big one and I have got a timeline :-)
Hope to get help out of the community.
I solved the problem using kubectl annotate, creating a dynamic patch always appending all certificates there is no other way.
I am new to kubernetes and want to setup kubernetes HA setup after successfully completing examples with minikube and single master kubernetes cluster. I am using AWS EC2 instances and AWS application load balancer for this purpose. I dont want to use KOPS or any other tool for installation. I want to get hands on with kubeadm.
I followed below steps
Created self signed certificate ca.crt and ca.key to use for
kubernetes
Installed this certificate as Root CA on my ubuntu
instance
Copied this ca.crt and ca.key to /etc/kubernetes/pki
Created new certificate for aws loadbalancer and signed
it with above ca.crt. With this certificate created Aws application
load balancer
I also created Record Set in AWS Route53 for domain name mapping. I also made sure this domain name
mapping is working. (i.e. master.k8sonaws.com is properly resolving to aws load balancer)
Now I am using kubeadm init
kubeadm init --pod-network-cidr=192.168.0.0/20
--service-cidr=192.168.16.0/20 --node-name=10.0.0.13 --control-plane-endpoint "master.k8sonaws.com:443" --upload-certs --v=8 --apiserver-bind-port=443 --apiserver-cert-extra-sans=master.k8sonaws.com,i-0836dd4dc6609a924
This command is succeeding up-to upload-config phase. Health check endpoint is returning success but
after that its failing in upload-config phase
configmaps is forbidden: User "system:anonymous" cannot create resource "configmaps" in API group "" in the namespace
"kube-system"
Here I am not able to understand why kubeadm is passing anonymyous user for api call. How can I resolve this issue
The certificate in the kubeconfig file used to create the ConfigMap does not have right groups. I would say don't generate ca and cert for kubernetes yourself. Just use kubeadm init and kubeadm will handle the ca and cert generation. After your kubernetes cluster is up and running you can use the same ca to generate a cert yourself and use that in aws load balancer.
I found solution to this problem after trying lot of different things
for 2 days. Problem is aws load balancer does not pass client
certificate to backend server when using https listener. And problem is Aws has
not documented this fact or I did not get those document if they are
there.
Way to solve this problem is using plane http listener using same port 443. So SSL termination is carried out by backened server. In my case this is not security threat since both my load balancer and backend servers are internal and not exposed to public ip.
How do you set a static 200 response in Istio's Ingress Gateway?
We have a situation where we need an endpoint to return a small bit of static content (a bootstrap URL). We could even put it in a header. Can Istio host something like that or do we need to run a pod for no other reason than to return a single word?
Specifically I am looking for a solution that returns 200 via Istio configuration, not a pod that Istio routes to (which is quite a common example and available elsewhere).
You have to do it manually by creating VirtualService to specific service connected to pod.
Of course firstly you have to create pod and then attached service to it,
even if your application will return single word.
Istio Gateway’s are responsible for opening ports on relevant
Istio gateway pods and receiving traffic for hosts. That’s it.
The VirtualService: Istio VirtualService’s are what get “attached” to
Gateways and are responsible defining the routes the gateway should implement.
You can have multiple VirtualServices attached to Gateways. But not for the
same domain.