query for model instances that are indirectly related - django

I've got 3 models. I'd like to write a query in django to find all reviews that are related to Carts that are related to jobs that are complete. Unfortunately, I can't figure out how to do this.
class Review:
cart = models.ForeignKey(Cart, on_delete=models.CASCADE, default=None)
class Job:
cart = models.ForeignKey(Cart, on_delete=models.CASCADE, default=None)
complete = models.BooleanField(default=False)
class Cart:
name = models.CharField(max_length=500, null=True, blank=True)
amount = models.IntegerField()
Any help would be appreciated!

You can .filter(…) [Django-doc] with:
Review.objects.filter(cart__job__complete=True)
One can use double underscores (__) to look "through" relations.
This will thus retrieve all Reviews for which a related Cart exists for which a related Job exists that has complete=True.

Related

is it possible to have two parameters in limit_choices_to in django models?

I'll shorten the code as simple as possible. Supposedly, we do have two models.
models.py > Products table
CATEGORY = (
('Hard Disk Drive', 'Hard Disk Drive'),
('Solid State Drive', 'Solid State Drive'),
('Graphics Card', 'Graphics Card'),
('Laptop', 'Laptop'),
('RAM', 'RAM'),
('Charger', 'Charger'),
('UPS', 'UPS'),
('Mouse', 'Mouse'),
('Keyboard', 'Keyboard'),
('Motherboard', 'Motherboard'),
('Monitor', 'Monitor'),
('Power Supply', 'Power Supply'),
('Router', 'Router'),
('AVR', 'AVR'),
('Tablet', 'Tablet'),
('System Unit', 'System Unit'),
('Audio Devices', 'Audio Devices'),
('CPU', 'CPU'),
('Others', 'Others'),
)
class Product(models.Model):
model_name = models.CharField(max_length=100, null=True, blank=True)
asset_type = models.CharField(max_length=20, choices=CATEGORY, blank=True)
date = models.DateField(null=True, blank=True)
And the other table > Order table
class Order(models.Model):
product_order = models.ForeignKey(Product, on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=False)
employee = models.ForeignKey(User, models.CASCADE, null=False)
date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
remarks = models.TextField()
And we all know that adding this code will limit the foreignkey choices under the Order form.
limit_choices_to={"asset_type": "Hard Disk Drive"}
limit_choices_to={"asset_type": "Solid State Drive"}
My goal here is to show items from Products table whose asset_type is either "Hard Disk Drive" OR "Solid State Drive". I've read the documentation of Django for "limit_choices_to" and can't see any pertaining to some kind of solution in here. Thank you in advance who knows a way to make this possible.
You can work with the __in lookup [Django-doc] to specify a list of allowed values:
class Order(models.Model):
product_order = models.ForeignKey(
Product,
on_delete=models.CASCADE,
limit_choices_to=dict(asset_type__in=['Hard Disk Drive', 'Solid State Drive'])
)
# …
Note: Specifying null=False [Django-doc] is not necessary: fields are by default not NULLable.
Note: It is normally better to make use of the settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL [Django-doc] to refer to the user model, than to use the User model [Django-doc] directly. For more information you can see the referencing the User model section of the documentation.

Django access manytomany field from related_name in a view

I have what i think is a simple question but I am struggling to find out how it works. I get how related name works for foreign keys but with many to many fields it seems to break my brain.
I have two 3 models at play here. A User, TeamMember and Team Model as seen below.
User model is the built in django model.
#TeamMember Model
class TeamMember(models.Model):
member = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.SET(get_default_team_member), verbose_name='Member Name', related_name="team_members")
...
#Team Model
class Team(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
manager = models.ForeignKey(TeamMember, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, related_name="managers", null=True, blank=True)
team_lead = models.ForeignKey(TeamMember, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, related_name="tls", null=True, blank=True)
tps = models.ForeignKey(TeamMember, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, related_name="tps", null=True, blank=True)
members = models.ManyToManyField(TeamMember, blank=True, related_name="members")
...
Now in a view i want to access a specific users team. I thought i could do this by doing something like this:
member = TeamMember.objects.get(pk=1)
member_team = member.members.name
However if I print member_name than it prints nothing. If I try to access any of the other fields on that model like member.members.team_lead.first_name it fails to find the team_lead field. I understand that this has a .all() attribute but i thought it was tied to the team object through the members field. So if that member matches the team it would give me the team. So I thought it might be an issue if the same member was linked to more than one team (which is possible) so i tired something like this member.members.all().first().name and i get an error that states it cannot get name from NoneType.
Is there an easy way to get the team name from a relationship like this or am i better off just doing a team query with the user?
Thanks,
jAC
First of all, I would like to point out that you are not using the related_name (and related_query_name parameters in a proper way). I think this SO post will help you to understand the concept in a better way.
So, I would change the related_name (and related_query_name) values in the Team model as below,
class Team(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
manager = models.ForeignKey(
TeamMember,
on_delete=models.SET_NULL,
related_name="teams",
related_query_name="team",
null=True,
blank=True,
)
team_lead = models.ForeignKey(
TeamMember,
on_delete=models.SET_NULL,
related_name="teams",
related_query_name="team",
null=True,
blank=True,
)
tps = models.ForeignKey(
TeamMember,
on_delete=models.SET_NULL,
related_name="teams",
related_query_name="team",
null=True,
blank=True,
)
members = models.ManyToManyField(
TeamMember, blank=True, related_name="teams", related_query_name="team"
)
...
Now in a view i want to access a specific user's team.
Since the Team and TeamMember models are connected via ManyToManyField, you may have "zero or more" Teams associated with a single TeamMember
So, the following query will get you all the teams associated with a particular TeamMemeber
team_member = TeamMember.objects.get(pk=1)
all_teams = team_member.teams.all()
You can also iterate over the QuerySet as,
team_member = TeamMember.objects.get(pk=1)
for team in team_member.teams.all():
print(team.name)
For anyone wondering what I did based on JPG's advice was the for loop option
team_member = TeamMember.objects.get(pk=1)
teams = [t.name for t in team_member.members.all()]
I personally do not care which team i get as my need in this case is just to pass a team through even if it is none. So i just use team = team[0] if teams.count() > 0 else "No team"

Querying using related field names

I've got two models that I'd like to perform a reverse search on. I'm wondering how to do this given the fact that one model has to fields with foreign keys to the same model.
class Review(models.Model):
cart = models.ForeignKey(Cart, on_delete=models.CASCADE, default=None)
class Cart(models.Model):
cost = models.DecimalField(max_digits=50, decimal_places=2, null=True, blank=True)
class Job(models.Model):
cart = models.ForeignKey(Cart, related_name="cart_one", on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True, blank=True)
unscheduled_job = models.ForeignKey(Cart, related_name="cart_two", on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True, blank=True)
employee = models.ForeignKey(Employee, on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True, blank=True)
My query is as follows:
reviews = Review.objects.filter(cart__job__employee=employee)
This query is failing due to the fact that the Job model has two foreign keys that point to the cart model. How would I fix this?
Thanks!
If you specify a related_query_name=… parameter [Django-doc] or a **related_name=… parameter [Django-doc], then that is the name to access the model in reverse, so you can query with:
Review.objects.filter(cart__cart_one__employee=employee)
or if you want to query in reverse with the unscheduled_job, then it is:
Review.objects.filter(cart__cart_two__employee=employee)
You can also combine the two, so bo5th cart anfd unscheduled_job by making use of a Q object:
from django.db.models import Q
Review.objects.filter(Q(cart__cart_one__employee=employee) | Q(cart__cart_two__employee))
You might however want to change the related_name=…s, since this should be the name to access the Job object from the perspective of a Cart model.

Django fetch related child with parent object

I am using Django 2.2 and I have a model with two classes Product and ProductRevision. When I retrieve a Product, or a list of Products, I always fetch the corresponding ProductRevision. ProductRevision objects are incremented and only the last revision should be fetched with the Product.
class Product(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=50, null=False, blank=False,
verbose_name=_("name"))
product_code = models.CharField(max_length=10, null=False, blank=False,
verbose_name=_("product code"))
slug = models.SlugField(null=False, unique=True)
#property
def current_item(self):
return ProductRevision.objects.filter(product=self, active=True).order_by('-version').first()
class ProductRevision(models.Model):
product = models.ForeignKey(Product, null=True, on_delete=models.PROTECT)
version = models.IntegerField(default=0,
verbose_name=_("version"))
active = models.BooleanField(default=False, null=False, blank=True,
verbose_name=_("is active"))
qty_close = models.IntegerField(default=0,
verbose_name=_("qty of accounts to be closed"))
price_eur = models.DecimalField(max_digits=6, decimal_places=2, default=0,
verbose_name=_("price in EUR"))
I tried to add a property current_item to get the last revision of a given product. While this is working, it is very inefficient because when I use it in a template, it hits the database every time I display a field from the related ProductRevision.
I found this answer based on an old version of Django (Fetch latest related objects in django) and I'm wondering if there is no other ways to achieve the same result with current versions of Django? I'm particularly interrested in achieving this in my models.
I have managed to achieve something similar to this by using a custom prefetch related queryset
products = Product.objects.prefetch_related(Prefetch(
'productrevision_set',
queryset=ProductRevision.objects.order_by('product', '-version').distinct('product'),
to_attr='latest_revision'
))
The queryset above will only return one ProductRevision per Product which in effect gives us the latest ProductRevision for all Products in only 2 queries
for product in products:
for latest_revision in product.latest_revision:
print(product, latest_revision)

Django - Show only a specific dynamic fields per models in django-eav2

I'm trying to figure it out on how I can show only a specific set of dynamic fields in eav to a unique registered model in my apps.models. But I don't know how to this, I've also read the documents but I can't seem to find anything about it, or maybe I've come across it and didn't understand.
Now, what is happening is that, when I add an attribute in the django admin. It also adds the dynamic field in all the models registered in the eav.
What I want to do is that;
model 1 - dynamic_field1, dynamic_field2, dynamic_field3
model 2 - dynamic_field4, dynamic_field5, dynamic_field6
Btw, I'm currently using the django-eav2 the documentation is in the link. I've found my solution for my initial use case here link
Below codes are basically on how to register my models to the eav. Here is my sample models
class ClientName(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=250, null=True, blank=True)
description = models.TextField(null=True, blank=True)
is_active = models.BooleanField(default=True)
def __str__(self):
return str(self.name)
class CallDetails(models.Model):
client_name = models.ForeignKey(ClientName, on_delete=models.PROTECT, null=True, blank=True, db_index=True)
letter_info = models.TextField(null=True, blank=True)
def __str__(self):
return str(self.client_name)
class Meta:
verbose_name = 'Call Detail'
ordering = ['client_name']
eav.register(ClientName)
eav.register(CallDetails)
below is my admin.py
class CallDetailsAdminForm(BaseDynamicEntityForm):
model = CallDetails
class CallDetailsAdmin(BaseEntityAdmin):
form = CallDetailsAdminForm
admin.site.register(CallDetails, CallDetailsAdmin)