SAS how to create a macro program procsurveyselect - sas

I need to do a random simple sampling withouth replacement of 50k on a df of 500k data.
So I have this dataframe located in lib_d1.df
| Var A | Var B || Var C | Var D || Var E | Var F || Var G | Var H |
I want to create a macro program data_sample(list_var,nb_obs,table_name)
%macro data_sample(list_var, nb_obs, table_name)
data_null_ nobs= n;
Set lib_d1.df;
call symput("nb_obs", n);
run;
proc surveyselect seed=30602 data=&list_var n=&nb_obs out=&table_name;
run;
%mend
%let list_var= Var A, Var D, Var E, Var H;
&let nb_obs= &nb_obs;
%let table_name= data_50000;
%data_sample(list_var,nb_obs,table_name);
yeah that's where I'm at, and i have no clue what is right (or what is wrong...any help would be appreciated)

First of all you might want to consider renaming all your variable's names to comply with SAS naming conventions. I would not recommend to play around with variables that have a space in their names. However, if you want to keep your data set as it is right now, try the following:
%macro data_sample(input=,list_var=,obs=,output=);
proc surveyselect seed=30602
data=&input.(keep= &list_var.)
n=&obs.
out=&output.;
run;
%mend;
%data_sample(input=have,
list_var='Var A'n 'Var D'n 'Var E'n 'Var H'n,
obs=50000,
output=want);
method=srs is simple random sampling, which is selection with equal probability and without replacement. Find more information in the PROC SURVEYSELECT documentation. By default, this is set to SRS but always good to know.
By the way, I don't think the first data step you made would run because nobs=n has to be placed after the set statement. Also, I don't know why you are computing the number of observations in your data set if you are only interested in a fixed sample of 50 000 observations.
I would suggest to consider using the following if you want to compute a macro-variable (in that case nbobs) with the number of observations in your data set:
data _null_;
if 0 then set lib_d1.df nobs=n;
call symputx('nbobs',n);
stop;
run;

Related

Drop variables with all-zero values from a SAS data set

I often work with a large number of variables that have zero or empty values only, but I could not find a SAS command to drop these unwanted variables. I know we can use SAS/IML, but I encountered such cases many times and would like to have a macro that may help me without having to type the variable names to avoid errors. Here is my code for removing variables with zero values only. It works to produce a cleaned output data set y from a raw data set x without using the names of the variables. I hope others could have a better solution or help me to make mine better.
%Macro dropZeroV(x, y) ;
proc means data = &x. ;
var _numeric_;
output out = sumTab ; run;
proc transpose data = sumTab(drop = _TYPE_) out= sumt; var _Numeric_; id _STAT_; run;
%let Vlst =;
proc sql noprint;
select _NAME_ into : dropLst separated by ' '
from sumT
where Max=0 and Min =0;
data &y.;
set &x.; drop &dropLst.;
run;
proc print data = &y.; run;
%Mend dropZeroV;
Use STACKODS and ODS SUMMARY to get the table in the format needed in one step rather than multiple steps. This limits it to the sum, since if the sum = 0, all values are 0. You may also want to look at rounding to avoid any issues with numeric precision.
PROC MEANS + PROC TRANSPOSE go to :
ods select none;
proc means data= &x. stackods sum;
var _numeric_;
ods output summary = sumT;
run;

SAS - Create Dummy Variables for All Variables

I have a dataset with X number of categorical variables for a given record. I would like to somehow turn this dataset into a new dataset with dummy variables, but I want to have one command / macro that will take the dataset and make the dummy variables for all variables in the dataset.
I also dont want to specify the name of each variable, because I could have a dataset with 50 variables so it would be too cumbersome to have to specify each variable name.
Lets say I have a table like this, and I want the resulting table, with the above conditions that I want a single command or single macro without specifying each individual variable:
You can use PROC GLMSELECT to generate the design matrix, which is what you are asking for.
data test;
input id v1 $ v2 $ v3 $ ;
datalines;
1 A A A
2 B B B
3 C C C
4 A B C
5 B A A
6 C B A
;
proc glmselect data=test outdesign(fullmodel)=test_design noprint ;
class v1 -- v3;
model id = v1 -- v3 /selection=none noint;
run;
You can use the -- to specify all variables between the first and last. Notice I don't have to type v2. So if you know first and the last, you can get want you want easily.
I prefer GLMMOD myself. One note, if you can, CLASS variables are usually a better way to go, but not supported by all PROCS.
/*Run model within PROC GLMMOD for it to create design matrix
Include all variables that might be in the model*/
proc glmmod data=sashelp.class outdesign=want outparm=p;
class sex age;
model weight=sex age height;
run;
/*Create rename statement automatically
THIS WILL NOT WORK IF YOUR VARIABLE NAMES WILL END UP OVER 32 CHARS*/
data p;
set p;
if _n_=1 and effname='Intercept' then
var='Col1=Intercept';
else
var=catt("Col", _colnum_, "=", catx("_", effname, vvaluex(effname)));
run;
proc sql ;
select var into :rename_list separated by " " from p;
quit;
/*Rename variables*/
proc datasets library=work nodetails nolist;
modify want;
rename &rename_list;
run;
quit;
proc print data=want;
run;
Originally from here and the post has links to several other methods.
https://communities.sas.com/t5/SAS-Communities-Library/How-to-create-dummy-variables-Categorical-Variables/ta-p/308484
Here is a worked example using your simple three observation dataset and a modified version of the PROC GLMMOD method posted by #Reeza
First let's make a sample dataset with a long character ID variable. We will introduce a numeric ROW variable that we can later use to merge the design matrix back with the input data.
data have;
input id :$21. education_lvl $ income_lvl $ ;
row+1;
datalines;
1 A A
2 B B
3 C C
;
You could set the list of variables into a macro variable since we will need to use it in multiple places.
%let varlist=education_lvl income_lvl;
Use PROC GLMMOD to generate the design matrix and the parameter list that we will later use to generate user friendly variable names.
proc glmmod data=have outdesign=design outparm=parm noprint;
class &varlist;
model row=&varlist / noint ;
run;
Now let's use the parameter list to generate rename statement to a temporary text file.
filename code temp;
data _null_;
set parm end=eof;
length rename $65 ;
rename = catx('=',cats('col',_colnum_),catx('_',effname,of &varlist));
file code ;
if _n_=1 then put 'rename ' ;
put #3 rename ;
if eof then put ';' ;
run;
Now let's merge back with the input data and rename the variables in the design matrix.
data want;
merge have design;
by row ;
%inc code / source2;
run;

Get values of Macro Variables in a SAS Table

I have a set of input macro variables in SAS. They are dynamic and generated based on the user selection in a sas stored process.
For example:There are 10 input values 1 to 10.
The name of the macro variable is VAR_. If a user selects 2,5,7 then 4 macro variables are created.
&VAR_0=3;
&VAR_=2;
&VAR_1=5;
&VAR_2=7;
The first one with suffix 0 provides the count. The next 3 provides the values.
Note:If a user select only one value then only one macro variable is created. For example If a user selects 9 then &var_=9; will be created. There will not be any count macro variable.
I am trying to create a sas table using these variables.
It should be like this
OBS VAR
-----------
1 2
2 5
3 7
-----------
This is what I tried. Not sure if this is the right way to do approach it.
It doesn't give me a final solution but I can atleast get the name of the macro variables in a table. How can I get their values ?
data tbl1;
do I=1 to &var_0;
VAR=CAT('&VAR_',I-1);
OUTPUT;
END;
RUN;
PROC SQL;
CREATE TABLE TBL2 AS
SELECT I,
CASE WHEN VAR= '&VAR_0' THEN '&VAR_' ELSE VAR END AS VAR
from TBL1;
QUIT;
Thank You for your help.
Jay
SAS helpfully stores them in a table for you already, you just need to parse out the ones you want. The table is called SASHELP.VMACRO or DICTIONARY.MACROS
Here's an example:
%let var=1;
%let var2=3;
%let var4=5;
proc sql;
create table want as
select * from sashelp.vmacro
where name like 'VAR%';
quit;
proc print data=want;
run;
I think the real issue is the inconsistent behavior of the stored process. It only creates the 0 and 1 variable when there are multiple selections. I think that your example is a little off. If the value of VAR_0 is three then their should be a VAR_3 macro variable. Also the value of VAR_ and VAR_1 should be set to the same thing.
To fix this in the past I have done something like this. First let's assign the parameter name a macro variable so that the code is reusable for other programs.
%let name=VAR_;
Then first make sure the minimal macro variables exist.
%global &name &name.0 &name.1 ;
Then make sure that you have a count by setting the 0 variable to 1 when it is empty.
%let &name.0 = %scan(&&&name.0 1,1);
Then make sure that you have a 1 variable. Since it should have the same value as the macro variable without a suffix just re-assign it.
%let &name.1 = &&&name ;
Now your data step is easier.
data want ;
length var $32 value $200 ;
do i=1 to &&&name.0 ;
var=cats(symget('name'),i);
value=symget(var);
output;
end;
run;
I don't understand your numbering scheme and recommend changing it, if you can; the &var_ variable is very confusing.
Anyway, the easiest way to do this is SYMGET. That returns a value from the macro symbol table which you can specify at runtime.
%let VAR_0=3;
%let VAR_=2;
%let VAR_1=5;
%let VAR_2=7;
data want;
do obs = 1 to &var_0.;
var = input(symget(cats('VAR_',ifc(obs=1,'',put(obs-1,2.)))),2.);
output;
end;
run;

Create new variables from format values

What i want to do: I need to create a new variables for each value labels of a variable and do some recoding. I have all the value labels output from a SPSS file (see sample).
Sample:
proc format; library = library ;
value SEXF
1 = 'Homme'
2 = 'Femme' ;
value FUMERT1F
0 = 'Non'
1 = 'Oui , occasionnellement'
2 = 'Oui , régulièrement'
3 = 'Non mais j''ai déjà fumé' ;
value ... (many more with different amount of levels)
The new variable name would be the actual one without F and with underscore+level (example: FUMERT1F level 0 would become FUMERT1_0).
After that i need to recode the variables on this pattern:
data ds; set ds;
FUMERT1_0=0;
if FUMERT1=0 then FUMERT1_0=1;
FUMERT1_1=0;
if FUMERT1=1 then FUMERT1_1=1;
FUMERT1_2=0;
if FUMERT1=2 then FUMERT1_2=1;
FUMERT1_3=0;
if FUMERT1=3 then FUMERT1_3=1;
run;
Any help will be appreciated :)
EDIT: Both answers from Joe and the one of data_null_ are working but stackoverflow won't let me pin more than one right answer.
Update to add an _ underscore to the end of each name. It looks like there is not option for PROC TRANSREG to put an underscore between the variable name and the value of the class variable so we can just do a temporary rename. Create rename name=newname pairs to rename class variable to end in underscore and to rename them back. CAT functions and SQL into macro variables.
data have;
call streaminit(1234);
do caseID = 1 to 1e4;
fumert1 = rand('table',.2,.2,.2) - 1;
sex = first(substrn('MF',rand('table',.5),1));
output;
end;
stop;
run;
%let class=sex fumert1;
proc transpose data=have(obs=0) out=vnames;
var &class;
run;
proc print;
run;
proc sql noprint;
select catx('=',_name_,cats(_name_,'_')), catx('=',cats(_name_,'_'),_name_), cats(_name_,'_')
into :rename1 separated by ' ', :rename2 separated by ' ', :class2 separated by ' '
from vnames;
quit;
%put NOTE: &=rename1;
%put NOTE: &=rename2;
%put NOTE: &=class2;
proc transreg data=have(rename=(&rename1));
model class(&class2 / zero=none);
id caseid;
output out=design(drop=_: inter: rename=(&rename2)) design;
run;
%put NOTE: _TRGIND(&_trgindn)=&_trgind;
First try:
Looking at the code you supplied and the output from Joe's I don't really understand the need for the formats. It looks to me like you just want to create dummies for a list of class variables. That can be done with TRANSREG.
data have;
call streaminit(1234);
do caseID = 1 to 1e4;
fumert1 = rand('table',.2,.2,.2) - 1;
sex = first(substrn('MF',rand('table',.5),1));
output;
end;
stop;
run;
proc transreg data=have;
model class(sex fumert1 / zero=none);
id caseid;
output out=design(drop=_: inter:) design;
run;
proc contents;
run;
proc print data=design(obs=40);
run;
One good alternative to your code is to use proc transpose. It won't get you 0's in the non-1 cells, but those are easy enough to get. It does have the disadvantage that it makes it harder to get your variables in a particular order.
Basically, transpose once to vertical, then transpose back using the old variable name concatenated to the variable value as the new variable name. Hat tip to Data null for showing this feature in a recent SAS-L post. If your version of SAS doesn't support concatenation in PROC TRANSPOSE, do it in the data step beforehand.
I show using PROC EXPAND to then set the missings to 0, but you can do this in a data step as well if you don't have ETS or if PROC EXPAND is too slow. There are other ways to do this - including setting up the dataset with 0s pre-proc-transpose - and if you have a complicated scenario where that would be needed, this might make a good separate question.
data have;
do caseID = 1 to 1e4;
fumert1 = rand('Binomial',.3,3);
sex = rand('Binomial',.5,1)+1;
output;
end;
run;
proc transpose data=have out=want_pre;
by caseID;
var fumert1 sex;
copy fumert1 sex;
run;
data want_pre_t;
set want_pre;
x=1; *dummy variable;
run;
proc transpose data=want_pre_t out=want delim=_;
by caseID;
var x;
id _name_ col1;
copy fumert1 sex;
run;
proc expand data=want out=want_e method=none;
convert _numeric_ /transformin=(setmiss 0);
run;
For this method, you need to use two concepts: the cntlout dataset from proc format, and code generation. This method will likely be faster than the other option I presented (as it passes through the data only once), but it does rely on the variable name <-> format relationship being straightforward. If it's not, a slightly more complex variation will be required; you should post to that effect, and this can be modified.
First, the cntlout option in proc format makes a dataset of the contents of the format catalog. This is not the only way to do this, but it's a very easy one. Specify the appropriate libname as you would when you create a format, but instead of making one, it will dump the dataset out, and you can use it for other purposes.
Second, we create a macro that performs your action one time (creating a variable with the name_value name and then assigning it to the appropriate value) and then use proc sql to make a bunch of calls to that macro, once for each row in your cntlout dataset. Note - you may need a where clause here, or some other modifications, if your format library includes formats for variables that aren't in your dataset - or if it doesn't have the nice neat relationship your example does. Then we just make those calls in a data step.
*Set up formats and dataset;
proc format;
value SEXF
1 = 'Homme'
2 = 'Femme' ;
value FUMERT1F
0 = 'Non'
1 = 'Oui , occasionnellement'
2 = 'Oui , régulièrement'
3 = 'Non mais j''ai déjà fumé' ;
quit;
data have;
do caseID = 1 to 1e4;
fumert1 = rand('Binomial',.3,3);
sex = rand('Binomial',.5,1)+1;
output;
end;
run;
*Dump formats into table;
proc format cntlout=formats;
quit;
*Macro that does the above assignment once;
%macro spread_var(var=, val=);
&var._&val.= (&var.=&val.); *result of boolean expression is 1 or 0 (T=1 F=0);
%mend spread_var;
*make the list. May want NOPRINT option here as it will make a lot of calls in your output window otherwise, but I like to see them as output.;
proc sql;
select cats('%spread_var(var=',substr(fmtname,1,length(Fmtname)-1),',val=',start,')')
into :spreadlist separated by ' '
from formats;
quit;
*Actually use the macro call list generated above;
data want;
set have;
&spreadlist.;
run;

Text manipulation of macro list variables to stack datasets with automated names

I have written a macro that accepts a list of variables, runs a proc mixed model using each variable as a predictor, and then exports the results to a dataset with the variable name appended to it. I am trying to figure out how to stack the results from all of the variables in a single data set.
Here is the macro:
%macro cogTraj(cog,varlist);
%let j = 1;
%let var = %scan(&varlist, %eval(&j));
%let solution = sol;
%let outsol = &solution.&var.;
%do %while (&var ne );
proc mixed data = datuse;
model &cog = &var &var*year /solution cl;
random int year/subject = id;
ods output SolutionF = &outsol;
run;
%let j = %eval(&j + 1);
%let var = %scan(&varlist, %eval(&j));
%let outsol = &solution.&var.;
%end;
%mend;
/* Example */
%cogTraj(mmmscore, varlist = bio1 bio2 bio3);
The result would be the creation of Solbio1, Solbio2, and Solbio3.
I have created a macro variable containing the "varlist" (Ideally, I'd like to input a macro variable list as the argument but I haven't figured out how to deal with the scoping):
%let biolist = bio1 bio2 bio3;
I want to stack Solbio1, Solbio2, and Solbio3 by using text manipulation to add "Sol" to the beginning of each variable. I tried the following, outside of any data step or macro:
%let biolistsol = %add_string( &biolist, Sol, location = prefix);
without success.
Ultimately, I want to do something like this;
data Solbio_stack;
set %biolistsol;
run;
with the result being a single dataset in which Solbio1, Solbio2, and Solbio3 are stacked, but I'm sure I don't have the right syntax.
Can anyone help me with the text string/dataset stacking issue? I would be extra happy if I could figure out how to change the macro to accept %biolist as the argument, rather than writing out the list variables as an argument for the macro.
I would approach this differently. A good approach for the problem is to drive it with a dataset; that's what SAS is good at, really, and it's very easy.
First, construct a dataset that has a row for each variable you're running this on, and a variable name that contains the variable name (one per row). You might be able to construct this using PROC CONTENTS or sashelp.vtable or dictionary.tables, if you're using a set of variables from one particular dataset. It can also come from a spreadsheet you import, or a text file, or anything else really - or just written as datalines, as below.
So your example would have this dataset:
data vars_run;
input name $ cog $;
datalines;
bio1 mmmscore
bio2 mmmscore
bio3 mmmscore
;;;;
run;
If your 'cog' is fairly consistent you don't need to put it in the data, if it is something that might change you might also have a variable for it in the data. I do in the above example include it.
Then, you write the macro so it does one pass on the PROC MIXED - ie, the inner part of the %do loop.
%macro cogTraj(cog=,var=, sol=sol);
proc mixed data = datuse;
model &cog = &var &var*year /solution cl;
random int year/subject = id;
ods output SolutionF = &sol.&var.;
run;
%mend cogTraj;
I put the default for &sol in there. Now, you generate one call to the macro from each row in your dataset. You also generate a list of the sol sets.
proc sql;
select cats('%cogTraj(cog=',cog,',var=',name,',sol=sol)')
into :callList
sepearated by ' '
from have;
select cats('sol',name') into :solList separated by ' '
from have;
quit;
Next, you run the macro:
&callList.
And then you can do this:
data sol_all;
set &solList.;
run;
All done, and a lot less macro variable parsing which is messy and annoying.