Create a new variable if value in var1 exists in var2 - stata

Assume I have a list_a variable with all possible sports played in the world:
football
tennis
hockey
cricket
croquet
racquetball
cricket
pingpong
squash
rugby
swimming
swimming
soccer
Also assume I have another variable list_b of only three sports:
cricket
hockey
swimming
I want to create a new variable Cont, which will equal 1 when the sports in list_a are found in list_b, and equal to 0 when the sport is not in list_b.
This is what variable Cont would look like:
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
Will the following work:
gen Cont = 0
replace Cont = 1 if (strmatch( list_a, ( list_b)))
EDIT:
Suppose list_a also contained hoccckey (which is a typo) but I still want it to get counted.
Is there a way to do that?

The answer is no because your approach will compare the values of the two variables in each observation. Instead, you need to compare the value at each row of list_a, with all values of variable list_b.
Using your toy example:
clear
input strL(list_a list_b)
football cricket
tennis hockey
hockey swimming
cricket
croquet
racquetball
cricket
pingpong
squash
rugby
swimming
swimming
soccer
end
The following illustrates the philosophy:
local obs = _N
generate Cont = 0
forvalues i = 1 / `obs' {
forvalues j = 1 / `obs' {
replace Cont = 1 if list_a[`i'] == list_b[`j'] in `i'
}
}
list
+-------------------------------+
| list_a list_b Cont |
|-------------------------------|
1. | football cricket 0 |
2. | tennis hockey 0 |
3. | hockey swimming 1 |
4. | cricket 1 |
5. | croquet 0 |
|-------------------------------|
6. | racquetball 0 |
7. | cricket 1 |
8. | pingpong 0 |
9. | squash 0 |
10. | rugby 0 |
|-------------------------------|
11. | swimming 1 |
12. | swimming 1 |
13. | soccer 0 |
+-------------------------------+
EDIT:
If you have certain typos that you additionally want to take into account, you can combine my solution with #NickCox's. In the above loop use instead:
replace Cont = 1 if inlist(list_a, "hoccckey") | list_a[`i'] == list_b[`j'] in `i'

There is a simple technique that works fine for your toy example:
clear
input strL list_a
football
tennis
hockey
cricket
croquet
racquetball
cricket
pingpong
squash
rugby
swimming
swimming
soccer
end
gen wanted = inlist(list_a, "cricket", "hockey", "swimming")
list, sepby(wanted)
+----------------------+
| list_a wanted |
|----------------------|
1. | football 0 |
2. | tennis 0 |
|----------------------|
3. | hockey 1 |
4. | cricket 1 |
|----------------------|
5. | croquet 0 |
6. | racquetball 0 |
|----------------------|
7. | cricket 1 |
|----------------------|
8. | pingpong 0 |
9. | squash 0 |
10. | rugby 0 |
|----------------------|
11. | swimming 1 |
12. | swimming 1 |
|----------------------|
13. | soccer 0 |
+----------------------+
If you had many more values, you could loop over the distinct values sought, using levelsof if they are in a second variable, or put the candidates in a separate dataset and merge as explained in this FAQ.
All these techniques depend on exact equality of strings, so watch out for variations between upper and lower case, leading and trailing spaces and inconsistencies in spelling.

Related

Merging two observations

I have a list of places with population, much like in the example data below:
sysuse census, clear
How can I combine (sum) only two observations to create a new observation, while maintaining the rest of the data?
In the below example I would like to combine Alabama and Alaska to create a new observation called 'Alabama & Alaska' with the sum of their populations.
With the new observation, the previous records will need to be deleted.
+----------------------------+
| state pop |
|----------------------------|
1. | Alabama 3,893,888 |
2. | Alaska 401,851 |
3. | Arizona 2,718,215 |
4. | Arkansas 2,286,435 |
5. | California 23,667,902 |
+----------------------------+
+-----------------------------------+
| state pop |
|-----------------------------------|
1. | Alabama & Alaska 4,295,739 | <--Alabama & Alaska combined
2. | Arizona 2,718,215 | <--Retain other observations and variables
3. | Arkansas 2,286,435 |
4. | California 23,667,902 |
+-----------------------------------+
This is my original toy data example and its expected output:
PlaceName Population
Town 1 100
Town 2 200
Town 3 100
Town 4 100
PlaceName Population
Town 1 & Town 2 300
Town 3 100
Town 4 100
Using your original toy example, the following works for me:
clear
input str6 PlaceName Population
"Town 1" 100
"Town 2" 200
"Town 3" 100
"Town 4" 100
end
generate PlaceName2 = cond(_n == 1, PlaceName + " & " + PlaceName[_n+1], PlaceName)
generate Population2 = cond(_n == 1, Population[_n+1] + Population, Population)
replace PlaceName2 = "" in 2
replace Population2 = . in 2
gsort - Population2
list, abbreviate(12)
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| PlaceName Population PlaceName2 Population2 |
|--------------------------------------------------------|
1. | Town 1 100 Town 1 & Town 2 300 |
2. | Town 4 100 Town 4 100 |
3. | Town 3 100 Town 3 100 |
4. | Town 2 200 . |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
This is how to do it with collapse. As you ask, this combines two observations into one, and thus changes the dataset.
clear
input str6 PlaceName Population
"Town 1" 100
"Town 2" 200
"Town 3" 100
"Town 4" 100
end
replace PlaceName = "Towns 1 and 2" in 1/2
collapse (sum) Population , by(PlaceName)
list
+--------------------------+
| PlaceName Popula~n |
|--------------------------|
1. | Town 3 100 |
2. | Town 4 100 |
3. | Towns 1 and 2 300 |
+--------------------------+

How to detect specific subwords in text

I have a column as a string with no spaces:
clear
input str100 var
"ihaveanewspaper"
"watchingthenewsonthetv"
"watchthenewsandreadthenewspaper"
end
I am using the following command:
gen = regex,(var, "(news)")
This outputs 1 1 1 because it finds that the 3 rows in the column var contain the word news.
I'm trying to alter the regular expression "(news)" to create two columns. One for news and one for newspaper. regexm(var, "(newspaper)") makes sure that the row contains a newspaper, but I need a command to make sure characters after news are not "paper" as I'm trying to quantify the two.
EDIT:
Is there a way to count the third entry as 1, because it has a news occurrence without however being a newspaper?
You can quantify as follows without a regular expression:
clear
input str100 var
"ihaveanewspaper"
"watchingthenewsonthetv"
"watchthenewsandreadthenewspaper"
"fdgdnews"
"fgogodigjhoigjnewspaper"
"fgeogeionnewsfgdgfpaper"
"45pap9358newsfjfgni"
end
generate news = strmatch(var, "*news*") & !strmatch(var, "*newspaper*")
list, separator(0)
+----------------------------------------+
| var news |
|----------------------------------------|
1. | ihaveanewspaper 0 |
2. | watchingthenewsonthetv 1 |
3. | watchthenewsandreadthenewspaper 0 |
4. | fdgdnews 1 |
5. | fgogodigjhoigjnewspaper 0 |
6. | fgeogeionnewsfgdgfpaper 1 |
7. | 45pap9358newsfjfgni 1 |
+----------------------------------------+
count if news
4
count if !news
3
EDIT:
One way to do this is to eliminate all instances of the word newspaper and repeat the process:
generate var2 = subinstr(var, "newspaper", "", .)
replace news = 1 if strmatch(var2, "*news*")
list, separator(0)
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| var news var2 |
|------------------------------------------------------------------|
1. | ihaveanewspaper 0 ihavea |
2. | watchingthenewsonthetv 1 watchingthenewsonthetv |
3. | watchthenewsandreadthenewspaper 1 watchthenewsandreadthe |
4. | fdgdnews 1 fdgdnews |
5. | fgogodigjhoigjnewspaper 0 fgogodigjhoigj |
6. | fgeogeionnewsfgdgfpaper 1 fgeogeionnewsfgdgfpaper |
7. | 45pap9358newsfjfgni 1 45pap9358newsfjfgni |
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
count if news
5
count if !news
2

Create table for asclogit and nlogit

Suppose I have the following table:
id | car | sex | income
-------------------------------
1 | European | Male | 45000
2 | Japanese | Female | 48000
3 | American | Male | 53000
I would like to create the one below:
| id | car | choice | sex | income
--------------------------------------------
1.| 1 | European | 1 | Male | 45000
2.| 1 | American | 0 | Male | 45000
3.| 1 | Japanese | 0 | Male | 45000
| ----------------------------------------
4.| 2 | European | 0 | Female | 48000
5.| 2 | American | 0 | Female | 48000
6.| 2 | Japanese | 1 | Female | 48000
| ----------------------------------------
7.| 3 | European | 0 | Male | 53000
8.| 3 | American | 1 | Male | 53000
9.| 3 | Japanese | 0 | Male | 53000
I would like to fit an asclogit and according to Example 1 in Stata's Manual, this table format seems necessary. However, i have not found a way to create this easily.
You can use the cross command to generate all the possible combinations:
clear
input byte id str10 car str8 sex long income
1 "European" "Male" 45000
2 "Japanese" "Female" 48000
3 "American" "Male" 53000
end
generate choice = 0
save old, replace
keep id
save new, replace
use old
rename id =_0
cross using new
replace choice = 1 if id_0 == id
replace sex = cond(id == 2, "Female", "Male")
replace income = cond(id == 1, 45000, cond(id == 2, 48000, 53000))
Note that the use of the cond() function here is equivalent to:
replace sex = "Male" if id == 1
replace sex = "Female" if id == 2
replace sex = "Male" if id == 3
replace income = 45000 if id == 1
replace income = 48000 if id == 2
replace income = 53000 if id == 3
The above code snipped produces the desired output:
drop id_0
order id car choice sex income
sort id car
list, sepby(id)
+------------------------------------------+
| id car choice sex income |
|------------------------------------------|
1. | 1 American 0 Male 45000 |
2. | 1 European 1 Male 45000 |
3. | 1 Japanese 0 Male 45000 |
|------------------------------------------|
4. | 2 American 0 Female 48000 |
5. | 2 European 0 Female 48000 |
6. | 2 Japanese 1 Female 48000 |
|------------------------------------------|
7. | 3 American 1 Male 53000 |
8. | 3 European 0 Male 53000 |
9. | 3 Japanese 0 Male 53000 |
+------------------------------------------+
For more information, type help cross and help cond() from Stata's command prompt.
Please see dataex in Stata for how to produce data examples useful in web forums. (If necessary, install first using ssc install dataex.)
This could be an exercise in using fillin followed by filling in the missings.
* Example generated by -dataex-. To install: ssc install dataex
clear
input byte id str10 car str8 sex long income
1 "European" "Male" 45000
2 "Japanese" "Female" 48000
3 "American" "Male" 53000
end
fillin id car
foreach v in sex income {
bysort id (_fillin) : replace `v' = `v'[1]
}
list , sepby(id)
+-------------------------------------------+
| id car sex income _fillin |
|-------------------------------------------|
1. | 1 European Male 45000 0 |
2. | 1 American Male 45000 1 |
3. | 1 Japanese Male 45000 1 |
|-------------------------------------------|
4. | 2 Japanese Female 48000 0 |
5. | 2 European Female 48000 1 |
6. | 2 American Female 48000 1 |
|-------------------------------------------|
7. | 3 American Male 53000 0 |
8. | 3 European Male 53000 1 |
9. | 3 Japanese Male 53000 1 |
+-------------------------------------------+
A provisional solution using Pandas in Python is the following:
1) Open the base with:
df = pd.read_stata("mybase.dta")
2) Use the code of the accepted answer of this question.
3) Save the base:
df.to_stata("newbase.dta")
If one wants to use dummy variables, reshape also is an option.
clear
input byte id str10 car str8 sex long income
1 "European" "Male" 45000
2 "Japanese" "Female" 48000
3 "American" "Male" 53000
end
tabulate car, gen(choice)
reshape long choice, i(id)
label define car 2 "European" 3 "Japanese" 1 "American"
drop car
rename _j car
label values car car
list, sepby(id)
+------------------------------------------+
| id car sex income choice |
|------------------------------------------|
1. | 1 American Male 45000 0 |
2. | 1 European Male 45000 1 |
3. | 1 Japanese Male 45000 0 |
|------------------------------------------|
4. | 2 American Female 48000 0 |
5. | 2 European Female 48000 0 |
6. | 2 Japanese Female 48000 1 |
|------------------------------------------|
7. | 3 American Male 53000 1 |
8. | 3 European Male 53000 0 |
9. | 3 Japanese Male 53000 0 |
+------------------------------------------+

Stacking variables for each unique ID

I am using Stata 13 to stack several variables into one variable using
stack stand1-stand10, into(all)
However, I need to do it for each unique id which is pasted parallel to all, something like:
bysort familyid: stack stand1-stand10,into(all) keep familyid
We can use a simpler analogue of your data example.
clear
set obs 3
gen familyid = _n
forval j = 1/3 {
gen stand`j' = _n * `j'
}
list
+-------------------------------------+
| familyid stand1 stand2 stand3 |
|-------------------------------------|
1. | 1 1 2 3 |
2. | 2 2 4 6 |
3. | 3 3 6 9 |
+-------------------------------------+
save original
To stack with an identifier, just repeat the identifier variable name. For more than a few variables, it's easiest to prepare a call using a loop.
forval j = 1/3 {
local call `call' familyid stand`j'
}
di "`call'"
familyid stand1 familyid stand2 familyid stand3
stack `call', into(familyid stand)
sort familyid _stack
list, sepby(familyid)
+---------------------------+
| _stack familyid stand |
|---------------------------|
1. | 1 1 1 |
2. | 2 1 2 |
3. | 3 1 3 |
|---------------------------|
4. | 1 2 2 |
5. | 2 2 4 |
6. | 3 2 6 |
|---------------------------|
7. | 1 3 3 |
8. | 2 3 6 |
9. | 3 3 9 |
+---------------------------+
That said, it's easier to use reshape long.
use original, clear
reshape long stand, i(familyid) j(which)
list, sepby(familyid)
+--------------------------+
| familyid which stand |
|--------------------------|
1. | 1 1 1 |
2. | 1 2 2 |
3. | 1 3 3 |
|--------------------------|
4. | 2 1 2 |
5. | 2 2 4 |
6. | 2 3 6 |
|--------------------------|
7. | 3 1 3 |
8. | 3 2 6 |
9. | 3 3 9 |
+--------------------------+

Generating a variable only including the top 4 firms with largest sales

My question is very related to the question below:
Calculate industry concentration in Stata based on four biggest numbers
I want to generate a variable only including the top 4 firms with largest sales and exclude the rest.
In other words the new variable will only have values of the 4 firms with largest sales in a given industry for a given year and the rest will be .
Consider this:
webuse grunfeld, clear
bysort year (invest) : gen largest4 = cond(_n < _N - 3, ., invest)
sort year invest
list year largest4 if largest4 < . in 1/40, sepby(year)
+-----------------+
| year largest4 |
|-----------------|
7. | 1935 39.68 |
8. | 1935 40.29 |
9. | 1935 209.9 |
10. | 1935 317.6 |
|-----------------|
17. | 1936 50.73 |
18. | 1936 72.76 |
19. | 1936 355.3 |
20. | 1936 391.8 |
|-----------------|
27. | 1937 74.24 |
28. | 1937 77.2 |
29. | 1937 410.6 |
30. | 1937 469.9 |
|-----------------|
37. | 1938 51.6 |
38. | 1938 53.51 |
39. | 1938 257.7 |
40. | 1938 262.3 |
+-----------------+
If you had missing values, they would sort to the end of each block and mess up the results.
So you need a trick more:
generate OK = !missing(invest)
bysort OK year (invest) : gen Largest4 = cond(_n < _N - 3, ., invest) if OK
sort year invest
list year Largest4 if Largest4 < . in 1/40, sepby(year)
With this example, which you can run, there are no missing values and the results are the same.