How can the guest_additions_mode "attach" be used in packer to install virtualbox guest additions?
The packer documentation tersely states that
If the mode is "attach" the guest additions ISO will be attached as a
CD device to the virtual machine.
But it does not specify the default mount point. I'm looking for an example provision script to install the guest additions based on this mount...
Thank you in advance for your consideration and response.
First, why use attach when upload is much simpler?
Packer documentation don't say which mount point to use since it's agnostic of the guest OS.
The simplest way to find this out is to run packer with "headless": false and a provisioner that does something like sleep 3600. And then log in to the VM and check where the DVD is accessible, i.e. reading the output of dmesg etc.
Related
I have google cloud VM with Ubuntu installed along with various services and libraries. I need to make a similar bootable VM with the same OS and all the data, libraries etc in the already configured VM. How do I clone the VM with these requirements?
I tried to create an image from the already existing VM and could not SSH into it.
So I retraced my installations step by step trying to figure out which step is breaking the image.
I created an Ubuntu(18.04) VM and used that to create an image. The instance I created using the image did allow me to SSH into.
Next installed Ubuntu desktop and xorg server and created an image after that. Using that image, I created a new VM and tried to SSH into it.
But unfortunately, the SSH connection could not be established. So I think it is these installations that are causing the error if it is not some sort of system error.
Below are the exact commands I ran to install these after creating an Ubuntu(18.04) VM:
sudo passwd username
sudo su -
passwd
apt update && apt upgrade -y
adduser username root
adduser username admin
adduser username sudo
apt-get install ubuntu-desktop -y
apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-dummy
nano /etc/X11/xorg.conf
and pasted the following into the .conf file
Section "Device"
Identifier "Configured Video Device"
Driver "dummy"
EndSection
Section "Monitor"
Identifier "Configured Monitor"
HorizSync 31.5-48.5
VertRefresh 50-70
EndSection
Section "Screen"
Identifier "Default Screen"
Monitor "Configured Monitor"
Device "Configured Video Device"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Depth 24
Modes "1600x900"
EndSubSection
EndSection
After this state, I created the image using which I could not instantiate a VM that I could SSH into.
Since you have your VM ready and running; backup your image as per this GCP document. Follow the guidelines before you begin the process which were mentioned in the document like updating Google cloud CLI setting default region and zone and for general image guidelines.
Few networking features may require guest operating system mode. You can also check how to export a custom image to cloud storage.
You can also consider the Snapshot Approach.
Follow this process in order to create the image exactly as the one you have already set up and you know is working correctly. As you may already know, this is a custom image so they are available only to your Cloud project. You can create a custom image from boot disks and other images if you would like also. Then, use the custom image to create an instance.
I will also suggest you to give a look at this document which would give you a deeper knowledge on the task.
Regards,
Just spin up a new container from a disk snapshot, if you need an exact copy. And if you cannot SSH, you may either not have a SSH public key provisioned, no external IP assigned, or :22 closed.
gcloud ssh always works. One can as well provision project-wide SSH keys, which all VM in the project will inherit then. The documentation below: About VM metadata explains this all in detail.
My personal favorite are rather startup scripts, which describe the configuration, instead of copying it.
And it's not so difficult to get started with these: cat ~/.bash_history > rocky8_startup.sh. In a software-defined data-center, it might make sense to use software-defined configurations (one simply cannot alternate the installation per VM instance, when starting with a disk snapshot).
xserver-xorg-video-dummy is questionable, because one can enable display device -but unless recording the screen, this driver might still suffice; eg. for VNC sessions.
Just would like to know how can I build an Amazon AMI from ubuntu 12.04 or 14.04 machine.
Also would like to know after creating an AMI how can I upload to Amazon and use the same.
Would be great to know if we anyone has done it prior to this.
Thanks
Chand Prakash
You need packer.
Packer is a tool for creating identical machine images for multiple platforms from a single source configuration. "Packer is a modern tool that embraces best benefits. It's completely automated, simply run a a packer build, no human touches it, packer builds it for you. " - Mitchell Hashimoto (Creator)
We build AMI images via packer template and it is really good and simplify the whole processes.
If you need know more about packer and how it works, please refer: http://packer.io
If you need a quick start from samples, you can go through this github repo:
shiguredo/packer-templates
How can I compile and run Libvirt-snmp on VMware Vsphere ESXi? Can somebody guide with step by step procedure.
I tried to followed steps mentioned on Libvirt Website
but I guess they are for Linux distribution. Because I could not execute ./configure command.
After searching on Google I found a similar question which tells that I need to create a VIB and than install that VIB. Now I have no idea about creating VIB. Can somebody please guide me on this.
Can somebody guide with step by step procedure.
As a workaround
1. Have a Linux VM and create a nfs share
2. Install and configure the required tool. [in your case, the libvirt] in the linux VM in the nfs share. Note the export path and variables
3. Mount the nfs share as NAS volume in ESXi
4. Give a soft link to the mounted nas volume to /usr/bin in ESXi
5. Create corresponding directory tree under /usr/local/lib as required by the tool and link them too to the nfs share.
And you are good to run the tool.
Now I have no idea about creating VIB
Simply put, VIB is VMware Infrastructure Bundle which is the allowed method to push pgms inside ESXi. You can use ar command to create a vib from a rpm and use vib author too to push the module inside ESXi.
Hope it helps
I have a question about asterisk, I know that I can install asterisk on EC2, but my questions is:
Its possible install AsteriskNOW on Amazon EC2? if not, why? and where its the best possible server or solution for install this
thanks
AsteriskNow is a complete distribution based on CentOS available as an ISO file. There doesn't appear to be an EC2 AMI available for it so you would have to build an image yourself.
Here's an overview of the process for Oracle Linux which boils down to:
Install AsteriskNow onto a VirtualBox or VMWare instance locally.
Configure all the EC2 specifics (This is the fiddly bit)
Export that virtual machine as a VMDK.
Copy the VMDK to S3
Import the VMDK to an EBS volume and launch on Amazon EC2.
Before you export you will have to make sure AsteriskNow has a kernel that supports EC2. In CentOS this would be the Xen kernel but I don't know if Asterisk would supply one, which means compiling. The PV-GRUB docco also covers a lot of what can and can't be used on EC2. If it doesn't work out of the box it will take some Linux smarts to figure it all out.
It will probably take a number of exports/imports to get it running. Once you have it up on EC2 you can turn that instance into an AMI to quickly create clones in the future without going through the whole export/import process.
can you not just download the ISO directly?
ubuntu#ip-172-31-14-19:~/iso$
ubuntu#ip-172-31-14-19:~/iso$ wget -v https://downloads.asterisk.org/pub/telephony/asterisk-now/AsteriskNow-1013-current-64.iso
--2017-11-17 05:52:53-- https://downloads.asterisk.org/pub/telephony/asterisk-now/AsteriskNow-1013-current-64.iso
Resolving downloads.asterisk.org (downloads.asterisk.org)... 76.164.171.238, 2001:470:e0d4::ee
Connecting to downloads.asterisk.org (downloads.asterisk.org)|76.164.171.238|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 1343909888 (1.3G) [application/x-iso9660-image]
Saving to: ‘AsteriskNow-1013-current-64.iso’
AsteriskNow-1013-curr 100%[======================>] 1.25G 1.79MB/s in 9m 54s
2017-11-17 06:02:48 (2.16 MB/s) - ‘AsteriskNow-1013-current-64.iso’ saved [1343909888/1343909888]
ubuntu#ip-172-31-14-19:~/iso$
https://downloads.asterisk.org/pub/telephony/asterisk-now/
I am trying to setup an AMI such that, when booted it will auto configure itself with a defined "configuration" somewhere on a server. I came across Chef and Puppet. Considering Puppet, I was able to run though their examples but couldn't see one for auto configuration from master. I found out that Puppet Enterprise is not supported on "Amazon Linux". Team chose Amazon Linux and would like keep that instead of going to other OS just because one tool doesn't support it. Can someone please give me some idea about how I could achieve this? (I am trying to stay away from home grown shell scripts over a good industry adopted tool for maintainability)
What I have done in the past is to copy /etc/rc.local to /etc/rc.local.orig, and then configure /etc/rc.local to kick off a puppet run and then pave over itself.
/etc/rc.local:
#!/bin/bash
##
#add pre-puppeting stuff here, I add the hostname in "User-data" when creating the VM so I can set the hostname before checking in
##
/usr/bin/puppet agent --test
/bin/cp -f /etc/rc.local.orig /etc/rc.local
/sbin/init 6
AWS CloudFormation is one of Amazon's recommended ways to provision servers (and other cloud resources, too). You declare all the resources you need in a JSON file, and specify how to provision each server by declaring packages to install, services to run, files to create, and commands to run when the server is created. See the user guide for more information. I also wrote a couple of blog posts about getting started with it.