I received this sample makefile from my professor and I'm trying to run it on Ubuntu but the commands I'm typing won't run it. All the files in the makefile already exist and when I type make, it makes the files but the actual program doesn't run. I have tried to type ./a.out but that doesn't run it either. Please help me with what command to type for the program to run.
# Makefile for Library Management System
CXXFLAGS += --std=c++11
all: div main
rebuild: div clean main
debug: CXXFLAGS += -g
debug: rebuild
main: main.o controller.o view.o library.o publication.o
$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -o lms main.o controller.o view.o library.o publication.o
main.o: main.cpp *.h
$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -c main.cpp
controller.o: controller.cpp *.h
$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -c controller.cpp
test_view: test_view.o controller.o view.o library.o publication.o
$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -o test_view test_view.o controller.o view.o library.o publication.o
test_view.o: test_view.cpp view.h publication.h library.h
$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -c test_view.cpp
test_library: test_library.o library.o publication.o
$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -o test_library test_library.cpp library.o publication.o
test_library.o: test_library.cpp *.h
$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -c test_library.cpp
library.o: library.cpp *.h
$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -c library.cpp
test_publication: test_publication.o publication.o
$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -o test_publication test_publication.o publication.o
test_publication.o: test_publication.cpp *.h
$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -c test_publication.cpp
publication.o: publication.cpp *.h
$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -c publication.cpp
clean:
-rm -f *.o lms test_age test_genre test_media test_publication test_library test_view test_view_actual.txt
div:
#echo
#echo 'X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-'
#echo '-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X'
#echo 'X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-'
#echo '-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X'
#echo
Is there a file called 'lms'? Try running: ./lms
The things in the makefile after '-o' specify the output filenames. These are the programs you can run.
The job of make is to build the program, not run it, so the makefile is probably working just fine.
You can see from the line:
all: div main
that the makefile will try to build div and main by default.
There is a rule for div that just prints things to the console:
div:
#echo
#echo 'X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-'
#echo '-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X'
#echo 'X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-'
#echo '-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X'
#echo
as noted in the comments of the other answer, the rule for main has the flag to gcc -o lms so the actual output executable name will be lms.
You should really tell your professor that is is bad form, since a makefile is supposed to build a file with the same name as it's rule. (ie make main should build a file called main) Feel free to point him here if he disagrees.
Related
Note: Unlike other Questions, this one is missing an obj file instead of a cpp file
I have a Directory called /Profiler
that got the following files:
Main.cpp
Draw.cpp
Draw.h (used in both cpp files)
Makefile
I created the following Makefile:
CC := g++
CCOPTS=-Wall -Wextra -O3 -std=c++17
Main_DEP_OBJ := Main.o Draw.o
Header:=Draw.h
all: main
%.o: %.C DEPS $(Header)
$(CC) ${CCOPTS} -c -o $# $<
Main: $(Main_DEP_OBJ)
${CC} ${CCOPTS} -o main $^
clean:
rm -f Main *.o
using the make command in Ubuntu gives me this error:
no rule to make target 'Main.o', needed by 'Main' . Stop.
You dont have a target rule for Main, or building .o file from the .cpp file.
CC := g++
CCOPTS=-Wall -Wextra -O3 -std=c++17
Main_DEP_OBJ := Main.o Draw.o
Header:=Draw.h
all: Main
%.o: %.cpp $(Header)
$(CC) ${CCOPTS} -c -o $# $<
Main: $(Main_DEP_OBJ)
${CC} ${CCOPTS} -o Main $^
clean:
rm -f Main *.o
I want a makefile to compile a library (DRNG) with another makefile located in a subdirectory.
Here is what I have done :
.PHONY: out.exe clean drng
DRNG_DIR=./libdrng-1.0/
clean:
make clean -C $(DRNG_DIR)
#rm -f out.exe *.o
drng:
cd $(DRNG_DIR) && ./configure
make -C $(DRNG_DIR)
CC=g++
CFLAGS=-Wall -Werror -std=c++11
LDFLAGS=-L$(DRNG_DIR) -ldrng
objects=...
%.o: %.cpp
$(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) $*.cpp -o $*.o
out.exe: drng main.o $(objects)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $^ -o $# $(LDFLAGS)
I get an error : g++: drng: no such file or directory
Make is trying to compile 'drng'. I thought putting it in PHONY was supposed to prevent that.
I have seen questions like these on SO but everyone has different answers and directory structures that aren't working for me.
My makefile:
CC = g++
DEBUG = -g -std=c++11
TARGET = main
OBJECT_FILES = BingResultSet.o main.o
INC_PATH = -I HTTPClientLib/include
LIB_PATH = -L HTTPClientLib/lib/
start: clean BingResultSet.o main.o
$(CC) $(DEBUG) $(INC_PATH) $(LIB_PATH) $(OBJECT_FILES) -o $(TARGET)
rm -f *.o
BingResultSet.o: BingResultSet.cpp BingResultSet.h
$(CC) $(DEBUG) $(INC_PATH) $(LIB_PATH) -c BingResultSet.cpp
main.o: main.cpp
$(CC) $(DEBUG) $(INC_PATH) $(LIB_PATH) -c main.cpp
clean:
rm -f $(OBJECT_FILES) $(TARGET)
My file structure:
/Desktop/DataMiner/.cpp, .h, and makefile
/Desktop/DataMiner/HTTPClientLib/include/HTTPClient.h
/Desktop/DataMiner/HTTPClientLib/lib/HTTPClient.a
What's the correct way to link my static lib in my makefile?
Here's my $0.02:
there was no static library involved. Assuming you meant the .o files
you mix dependencies and build rules, instead, avoid repeating build rules:
$(TARGET): $(OBJECT_FILES)
$(CXX) $(DEBUG) $(INC_PATH) $^ -o $# $(LIB_PATH)
%.o: %.cpp
$(CXX) $(DEBUG) $(INC_PATH) -c $< -o $#
You used CC for a C++ compiler. That's strange. Use CXX
You used LDFLAGS when you were just compiling
You hardcoded the source and destination paths. Instead use the automatic variables ($^, $< for source; $# for destination)
You tried to hardcode header dependencies. That's error-prone and messes up source specification (you don't want $^ to list .h files in your command line...). Instead, use gcc -MM¹ to generate the dependencies for you!
Next, do a conditional include of those dependencies:
.depends:
$(CXX) -MM $(CXXFLAGS) -c *.cpp > $#
-include .depends
It's usually handy to keep the .o files so you can speed up builds. Of course, this was not a good plan until you generated the header dependencies automatically. If you insist, you can comment the .PRECIOUS target. Intermediate targets are automatically deleted by GNU Make
Here's the integrated offering I ended up with:
CXX = g++
TARGET = main
OBJECT_FILES = BingResultSet.o main.o
INC_PATH = -I HTTPClientLib/include
LIB_PATH = -L HTTPClientLib/lib/
CPPFLAGS = -g -std=c++11
CPPFLAGS+= $(INC_PATH)
# standard derived flags:
CXXFLAGS+=$(CPPFLAGS)
LDFLAGS+=$(LIB_PATH)
start: .depends $(TARGET)
$(TARGET): $(OBJECT_FILES)
$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $^ -o $# $(LDFLAGS)
%.o: %.cpp
$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -c $< -o $#
clean:
rm -f .depends $(OBJECT_FILES) $(TARGET)
# to keep the .o files:
.PRECIOUS: $(OBJECT_FILES)
.depends:
$(CXX) -MM $(CXXFLAGS) -c *.cpp > $#
-include .depends
On a very simple sample set of files you get:
$ make clean
rm -f .depends BingResultSet.o main.o main
$ make
g++ -MM -g -std=c++11 -I HTTPClientLib/include -c *.cpp > .depends
g++ -I HTTPClientLib/include -c BingResultSet.cpp -o BingResultSet.o
g++ -I HTTPClientLib/include -c main.cpp -o main.o
g++ -I HTTPClientLib/include BingResultSet.o main.o -o main -L HTTPClientLib/lib/
$ cat .depends
BingResultSet.o: BingResultSet.cpp BingResultSet.h
main.o: main.cpp BingResultSet.h
test.o: test.cpp
¹ (or similar, see man-page)
I am unable to figure out what is causing this error that I keep getting upon making my project:
i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: -lncurses: linker input file unused because linking not done
And my make file looks like this:
CC = g++
LIB_FLAGS = -l ncurses
FLAGS = $(LIB_FLAGS)
DEPENDENCIES = window.o element.o
# FINAL OUTPUTS
main: main.cpp $(DEPENDENCIES)
$(CC) $(FLAGS) -o main.out main.cpp $(DEPENDENCIES)
# MODULES
window.o: main.h classes/window.cpp
$(CC) $(FLAGS) -c classes/window.cpp
element.o: main.h classes/element.cpp
$(CC) $(FLAGS) -c classes/element.cpp
# CLEAN
clean:
rm -rf *.o
rm main.out
Everything compiles okay, but I'm just curious what is causing this error message and what it means..
You are passing linker options to a compiler invocation together with -c, which means that linking is not performed and thereby -l options are unused. In your case, your LIB_FLAGS should not be in FLAGS, but instead specified in the the main: ... rule:
main: main.cpp
$(CC) $(FLAGS) $(LIB_FLAGS) ...
Do not give link flags when you compile (-c flag) your source files. Take a look for this example makefile (very similar as in makefile docs)
CPP = g++
CPPFLAGS =-Wall -g
OBJECTS = main.o net.o
PREFIX = /usr/local
.SUFFIXES: .cpp .o
.cpp.o:
$(CPP) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $<
.o:
$(CPP) $(CPPFLAGS) $^ -o $#
main: $(OBJECTS)
main.o: main.cpp
net.o: net.cpp net.h
.PHONY:
install: main
mkdir -p $(PREFIX)/bin
rm -f $(PREFIX)/bin/main
cp main $(PREFIX)/bin/main
clean:
rm -f *.o main
As has been mentioned already you're passing linker-related flags at the compile stage. Usually you want different flags for compiling and linking, e.g.
CC = g++
CPPFLAGS = -Wall -g -c -o $#
LDFLAGS = -l ncurses -o $#
DEPENDENCIES = main.o window.o element.o
# FINAL OUTPUTS
main: $(DEPENDENCIES)
$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) $(DEPENDENCIES)
# MODULES
main.o: main.h main.cpp
$(CC) $(CPPFLAGS) main.cpp
window.o: main.h classes/window.cpp
$(CC) $(CPPFLAGS) classes/window.cpp
element.o: main.h classes/element.cpp
$(CC) $(CPPFLAGS) classes/element.cpp
# CLEAN
clean:
-rm main $(DEPENDENCIES)
I have the following file from the PARSEC opensource benchmarks, and I want to be able to profile it using gcc. yet as u know i need to raise the -pg flags. yet i am having difficulties doing so. i tried to use a regular g++ -pg -o files.cpp yet it didnt work. i also tried to modify the makefile that infront of the -o i placed a -pg yet it also gave huge errors. So now i am stuck, either I did something wrong or the -pg flags require something special...yet the makefile when executed alone gave me an output which i tested by running and it was successfull! so i am sure the source code is accepted by my compiler
# Makefile for parallel simulated annealer
PREFIX=${PARSECDIR}/pkgs/kernels/canneal/inst/${PARSECPLAT}
TARGET=canneal
LIBS:=$(LIBS) -lm
ifdef version
ifeq "$(version)" "pthreads"
CXXFLAGS+=-DENABLE_THREADS -pthread
endif
endif
all:
$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) annealer_thread.cpp -c -o annealer_thread.o
$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) rng.cpp -c -o rng.o
$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) netlist.cpp -c -o netlist.o
$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) main.cpp -c -o main.o
$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) netlist_elem.cpp -c -o netlist_elem.o
$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) *.o $(LIBS) -o $(TARGET)
clean:
rm -f *.o $(TARGET)
install:
mkdir -p $(PREFIX)/bin
cp -f $(TARGET) $(PREFIX)/bin/$(TARGET)
Try adding this near the top of the file:
CXXFLAGS+= -pg