Boost "undefined reference" errors even with -lboost_thread - c++

I'm getting some strange compiler/linker errors when trying to use boost::shared_mutex. I'm using boost v1.61 on a VM running 32-bit rhel 6.2.
Code that causes error:
hpp file:
#include <boost/thread/shared_mutex.hpp>
class SharedData
{
public:
SharedData();
~SharedData();
void packMessage(std::shared_ptr<Message> s);
private:
// mutex that allows multiple read, single write protection
boost::shared_mutex m_sharedMutex;
};
cpp file:
void SharedData::packMessage(std::shared_ptr<Message> s)
{
// get shared read access
boost::shared_lock<boost::shared_mutex> lock(m_sharedMutex); // <- this line causes the errors
// read stuff here
}
make output:
CMakeFiles/tester.dir/__/src/SharedData/SharedData.cpp.o: In function `boost::detail::interruption_checker::interruption_checker(pthread_mutex_t*, pthread_cond_t*)':
/usr/local/include/boost/thread/pthread/thread_data.hpp:195: undefined reference to `boost::detail::get_current_thread_data()'
CMakeFiles/tester.dir/__/src/SharedData/SharedData.cpp.o: In function `boost::condition_variable::wait(boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex>&)':
/usr/local/include/boost/thread/pthread/condition_variable.hpp:81: undefined reference to `boost::this_thread::interruption_point()'
CMakeFiles/tester.dir/__/src/SharedData/SharedData.cpp.o: In function `boost::shared_mutex::lock_shared()':
/usr/local/include/boost/thread/pthread/shared_mutex.hpp:186: undefined reference to `boost::this_thread::disable_interruption::disable_interruption()'
/usr/local/include/boost/thread/pthread/shared_mutex.hpp:193: undefined reference to `boost::this_thread::disable_interruption::~disable_interruption()'
/usr/local/include/boost/thread/pthread/shared_mutex.hpp:193: undefined reference to `boost::this_thread::disable_interruption::~disable_interruption()'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [bin/tester] Error 1
Everywhere I've searched has said that these errors mean I need to link the boost_thread library, which I've done in my cmake file (boost_system is included for other code in this same project):
target_link_libraries(${BINARY_NAME} boost_thread boost_system)
But the errors persist.
Originally I was using the boost 1.41 libraries that were already installed on my machine. When I hit these errors I ran yum remove boost-devel and then manually installed boost 1.61 to see if that would correct the errors. Is there something extra I needed to add to the ./bootstrap.sh or ./b2 install commands? I can see libboost_thread.a in /usr/local/lib, so I assumed that meant the thread library was built correctly.
Any thoughts on what is causing these errors? Thanks!
Edit:
Cmake's log didn't have anything useful I could see, but make VERBOSE=1 gives the following output:
cd /home/craig/dev/myProject/build/test && /usr/bin/cmake -E cmake_link_script CMakeFiles/tester.dir/link.txt --verbose=1
/opt/rh/devtoolset-2/root/usr/bin/c++ -std=c++11 -ggdb -Wall -Werror -fprofile-arcs -ftest-coverage -fPIC -O0 -pedantic -Wl,--export-dynamic CMakeFiles/tester.dir/utilities/googletest/googletest/src/gtest-all.cc.o CMakeFiles/tester.dir/tester.cpp.o CMakeFiles/tester.dir/SharedData/testSharedData.cpp.o CMakeFiles/tester.dir/Common/testFifo.cpp.o CMakeFiles/tester.dir/Common/testCsu.cpp.o CMakeFiles/tester.dir/Messages/testMessage.cpp.o CMakeFiles/tester.dir/__/src/SharedData/SharedData.cpp.o CMakeFiles/tester.dir/__/src/Common/Fifo.cpp.o CMakeFiles/tester.dir/__/src/Common/Csu.cpp.o -o ../bin/tester -rdynamic -lboost_system -lpthread
CMakeFiles/tester.dir/__/src/SharedData/SharedData.cpp.o: In function `boost::detail::interruption_checker::interruption_checker(pthread_mutex_t*, pthread_cond_t*)':
/usr/local/include/boost/thread/pthread/thread_data.hpp:195: undefined reference to `boost::detail::get_current_thread_data()'
CMakeFiles/tester.dir/__/src/SharedData/SharedData.cpp.o: In function `boost::condition_variable::wait(boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex>&)':
/usr/local/include/boost/thread/pthread/condition_variable.hpp:81: undefined reference to `boost::this_thread::interruption_point()'
CMakeFiles/tester.dir/__/src/SharedData/SharedData.cpp.o: In function `boost::shared_mutex::lock_shared()':
/usr/local/include/boost/thread/pthread/shared_mutex.hpp:186: undefined reference to `boost::this_thread::disable_interruption::disable_interruption()'
/usr/local/include/boost/thread/pthread/shared_mutex.hpp:193: undefined reference to `boost::this_thread::disable_interruption::~disable_interruption()'
/usr/local/include/boost/thread/pthread/shared_mutex.hpp:193: undefined reference to `boost::this_thread::disable_interruption::~disable_interruption()'

Turns out my question is just like everyone else's.
#jww suggested I show the actual compile and link command invocation, not CMake's output, which I've added to my question. As you can see, the command is linking boost_system and pthread, but not boost_thread.
Digging into my project I realized that I had added boost_thread to my release build, but not into my unit test build, which is what I was trying to compile. Adding boost_thread to the unit test's CMakeLists.txt removed the error immediately.

Related

Undefined Reference to `SDL2_Init` with LD when G++ is not giving an error

(FYI Yes I do know that a similar question exists, But I have already tried all the answers.)
I'm trying to setup SDL2 with MinGW and I have everything set up beside one thing. Whenever I try to compile G++ gives no errors but then LD gives me a: undefined reference to SDL_Init Error.
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Temp\cc28dE2R.o: in function `SDL_main':
C:\Users\user\Documents\SDL2/src/main.cpp:11: undefined reference to `SDL_Init'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\user\Documents\SDL2/src/main.cpp:14: undefined reference to `SDL_GetError'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\user\Documents\SDL2/src/main.cpp:18: undefined reference to `IMG_Init'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\user\Documents\SDL2/src/main.cpp:20: undefined reference to `SDL_GetError'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../libmingw32.a(main.o):(.text.startup+0xc0): undefined reference to `WinMain#16'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
The terminal process "C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe -Command C:\MinGW\bin\g++.exe -g src\*.cpp -o build\game.exe -ID:C:\MinGW\include -LD:C:\MinGW\lib -mwindows -lmingw32 -lSDL2main -lSDL2_image -lSDL2" terminated with exit code: 1.
I have tried to move the args around. doing -mwindows, adding -lmingw32. I still keep getting the same errors.. I was able to fix the WinMain Error.. But everything else I couldn't fix.
The command I'm Running to compile:
C:\MinGW\bin\g++.exe -g src\*.cpp -o build\game.exe -ID:C:\MinGW\include -LD:C:\MinGW\lib -mwindows -lSDL2main -lSDL2_image -lSDL2
If i could get any help that would be amazing
The common cause of mysterious undefined reference errors on MinGW is using libraries compiled for x64 with an x32 compiler, or vice versa. SDL ships both x32 and x64 ones, try the other ones.
I was able to fix the WinMain Error
Be aware that the intended way of fixing undefined reference to WinMain#16 is not adding #define SDL_MAIN_HANDLED and not doing #undef main. Once you get the right libraries (see the first paragraph), the error should disappear by itself.
Make sure you use int main(int, char**) (and not int main() nor void main()), otherwise it won't work.
-ID:C:\MinGW\include -LD:C:\MinGW\lib
You shouldn't need those flags. Those directories will be searched automatically.
Since you didn't specify any other directories, I assume you placed the SDL files directly into the compiler directories, which isn't a good practice, IMO.
I assume D:C: a typo?
-mwindows
The only purpose of this flag (that I know of) is to prevent your app from automatically opening a terminal window for itself, for release builds.

g++ building c++ program with boost dependencies

I want to compile and run a simple c++ websocket application with g++ on windows.
Boost was installed like this:
./bootstrap.bat mingw
./b2.exe install --prefix=C:/boostLibs toolset=gcc
My c++ includes look like this:
#include <websocketpp/config/asio_no_tls.hpp>
#include <websocketpp/server.hpp>
#include <iostream>
This websocket sample was provided by https://github.com/zaphoyd/websocketpp
In order to build the project I issue this command:
g++ -Wno-deprecated -I ./cppServer/libs/ -I C:\boostLibs\include\boost-1_55 -L C:\boostLibs\lib -g ./cppServer/server.cpp -lboost_system
Which leeds me to this error message:
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/6.3.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: cannot find -lboost_system
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
If I try to build without -lboost_system, I get a very long exception, starting with:
C:/boostLibs/include/boost-1_55/boost/system/error_code.hpp:222: undefined reference to boost::system::generic_category()'
C:/boostLibs/include/boost-1_55/boost/system/error_code.hpp:223: undefined reference toboost::system::generic_category()'
C:/boostLibs/include/boost-1_55/boost/system/error_code.hpp:224: undefined reference to boost::system::system_category()'
C:\Users\JOHANN~1.HAS\AppData\Local\Temp\ccpKMWTH.o: In functionZN5boost6system10error_codeC1Ev':
C:/boostLibs/include/boost-1_55/boost/system/error_code.hpp:323: undefined reference to boost::system::system_category()'
C:\Users\JOHANN~1.HAS\AppData\Local\Temp\ccpKMWTH.o: In functionZN5boost6system4errc20make_error_conditionENS1_6errc_tE':
C:/boostLibs/include/boost-1_55/boost/system/error_code.hpp:488: undefined reference to boost::system::generic_category()'
C:\Users\JOHANN~1.HAS\AppData\Local\Temp\ccpKMWTH.o: In functionZN5boost16thread_exceptionC2EiPKc'
So what am I missing? I can't figure it out right now.
Link to boost_system as -lboost_system-mgw63-mt-1_55, because this is what those files are called. See boost library naming for more details.
When you build boost you may like to specify --layout=system to b2.exe so that your files do not have that -mgw63-mt-1_55 in the filename and then just use -lboost_system when linking against it.

c++ files to include for boost : asio

I'm following this tutorial however it does not state which libaries I need to include in order to get boost to work,current options for links are:
-I/usr/include/opencv2 -I/usr/include/boost_1_55_0 -I/usr/include/boost_1_55_0/boost -O0 -g3 -Wall -c -fmessage-length=0
however this returns the following erro:
which states that it can't find asio, am I doing something wrong or was assio the wrong library to link to? Or is there any other way to find out. Note that this is my 2nd c++ project(through I have a lot of java experience) and first with the heavy use of libraries so details are somewhat required.
Removing boost/asio gave me the following errors:
make all
Building target: DisplayImage
Invoking: GCC C++ Linker
g++ -L/usr/include/opencv2 -L/usr/include/boost_1_55_0/boost -L/usr/include/boost_1_55_0 -L/usr/include/opencv2 -L/usr/lib -o "DisplayImage" ./src/Cap.o ./src/DisplayImage.o ./src/Filters.o ./src/sender.o -lopencv_imgproc -lopencv_highgui -lopencv_core
./src/sender.o: In function `__static_initialization_and_destruction_0':
/usr/include/boost_1_55_0/boost/system/error_code.hpp:222: undefined reference to `boost::system::generic_category()'
/usr/include/boost_1_55_0/boost/system/error_code.hpp:223: undefined reference to `boost::system::generic_category()'
/usr/include/boost_1_55_0/boost/system/error_code.hpp:224: undefined reference to `boost::system::system_category()'
./src/sender.o: In function `error_code':
/usr/include/boost_1_55_0/boost/system/error_code.hpp:323: undefined reference to `boost::system::system_category()'
./src/sender.o: In function `boost::asio::error::get_system_category()':
/usr/include/boost_1_55_0/boost/asio/error.hpp:224: undefined reference to `boost::system::system_category()'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [DisplayImage] Error 1
Build Finished **
I use an ubuntu (x64) laptop if it matters.
Most of boost is implemented in what's called "header-only" code. Through the generous use of C++ templates, there is no actual library code to which your code needs to link. However, there are, as you've seen some actual libraries as well. Generally, the help you seek is probably here: http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_55_0/more/getting_started/unix-variants.html#link-your-program-to-a-boost-library
Your particular program uses the timer and system libraries and so you can probably use this command line to link your program:
g++ timer.cpp -o timer -lboost_timer -lboost_system
You can look at the bjam in boost/libs/asio/example/cpp03/tutorial/Jamfile.v2:
project
: requirements
<library>/boost/system//boost_system
<library>/boost/thread//boost_thread
<define>BOOST_ALL_NO_LIB=1
<threading>multi
<os>SOLARIS:<library>socket
<os>SOLARIS:<library>nsl
<os>NT:<define>_WIN32_WINNT=0x0501
<os>NT,<toolset>gcc:<library>ws2_32
<os>NT,<toolset>gcc:<library>mswsock
<os>NT,<toolset>gcc-cygwin:<define>__USE_W32_SOCKETS
<os>HPUX,<toolset>gcc:<define>_XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
<os>HPUX:<library>ipv6
;
You can see that they build all the tutorial steps with
-lboost_system -lboost_thread -DBOOST_ALL_NO_LIB=1
on linux

Checking Boost install with MinGW

I used the MinGW installation at http://nuwen.net/mingw.html
I ran the second.cpp test found at:
http://tabreziqbal.wordpress.com/2006/03/16/how-to-test-c-boost-installation/
(I used the correct commands to run from the comments, which was
g++ -o second second.cpp -lboost_filesystem)
I get the following error:
C:\Users\user\Projects\Programming\C++\boostTest2>g++ -o second second.cpp -lboost_filesystem
C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Temp\ccDlbKGy.o:second.cpp:(.text+0x102): undefined reference to boost::system::generic_cat
egory()'
C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Temp\ccDlbKGy.o:second.cpp:(.text+0x10c): undefined reference toboost::system::generic_cat
egory()'
C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Temp\ccDlbKGy.o:second.cpp:(.text+0x116): undefined reference to boost::system::system_cate
gory()'
C:\MinGW\bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Temp\ccDlbKGy.o: bad reloc address 0xe in section.text$_ZN5boost6syst
em14error_categoryD1Ev[__ZN5boost6system14error_categoryD1Ev]'
C:\MinGW\bin/ld.exe: final link failed: Invalid operation
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
I know there's an installation test feature of boost that I found on
http://gcc.gnu.org/testing/testing-boost.html
but those files aren't included with the distribution from nuwen.net (so I'd have to do it myself).
And help is appreciated - I figure I'm just screwing up something minor (I hope anyway).
Thanks all!
It's not correct command, you should link boost::system too (errors are undefined references to boost::system::system_category).
Correct command will be g++ -o second second.cpp -lboost_system -lboost_filesystem

Compile C++ and OpenSSL on Ubuntu 11.10

I got a serious problem compiling my C++ and OpenSSL project on my Ubuntu 11.10.
The compiling command is:
g++ -Wall -lssl -lm -lcrypto -I ./src ./src/server.cpp -o ./bin/server
I receive these errors:
server.cpp:(.text+0x8ff): undefined reference to `RSA_new'
server.cpp:(.text+0x92d): undefined reference to `PEM_read_RSAPrivateKey'
server.cpp:(.text+0xa85): undefined reference to `RSA_size'
server.cpp:(.text+0xaa1): undefined reference to `RSA_size'
server.cpp:(.text+0xae7): undefined reference to `RSA_private_decrypt'
server.cpp:(.text+0xd84): undefined reference to `BF_set_key'
server.cpp:(.text+0xf1d): undefined reference to `BF_ecb_encrypt'
server.cpp:(.text+0x13c6): undefined reference to `BF_ecb_encrypt'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [server] Error 1
I successfully installed openssl and libssl-dev but the problem persists.
I tried to compile the project on Linux Mint 12 with the kernel 3.0 and I had the same problem.
On my old Linux OS with the kernel 2.6 the project compiled and worked fine (using the same Makefile and the same sources).
Please help me!
Generally you need to have the -l link flags after the code that references them. Try
g++ -Wall -I ./src ./src/server.cpp -o ./bin/server -lssl -lm -lcrypto
As the comment to this answer states, the linker only looks for undefined symbols to include in the order the parameters are listed.
That is, if your cpp file uses the libraries, the libraries have to be listed after the cpp file.
Those error are from crypto library, check whether ssl and crypto libraries are available in /usr/lib or where ever u installed if not install them and have u set the library search path for libssl and libcrypto in your compiling command?