Why do not rendered in the window? - c++

Question

I created a program. When I run it, a window with a gray background, and must create a yellow background with a triangle. What is the problem?
I have been programming based on the book "Gornakova - DirectX programming Lessons"
#include <windows.h>
#include <d3d9.h>
LPDIRECT3D9 pDirect3D = NULL;
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 pDirect3DDevice = NULL;
LPDIRECT3DVERTEXBUFFER9 pBufferVershin = NULL;
struct CUSTOMVERTEX
{
FLOAT x,y,z,rhw;
DWORD color;
};
#define D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX (D3DFVF_XYZRHW|D3DFVF_DIFFUSE)
HRESULT InitialBufferVershin()
{
CUSTOMVERTEX Vershin[] =
{
{300.0f, 300.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, 0x00000fff, },
{150.0f, 300.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, 0x00000fff, },
{150.0f, 150.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, 0x00000fff, },
};
if(FAILED(pDirect3DDevice->CreateVertexBuffer(3*sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX), 0, D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX,
D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, &pBufferVershin, NULL)))
return E_FAIL;
VOID* pBV;
if(FAILED(pBufferVershin->Lock(0, sizeof(Vershin), (void**)&pBV, 0)))
return E_FAIL;
memcpy(pBV, Vershin, sizeof(Vershin));
pBufferVershin->Unlock();
return S_OK;
}
void DeleteDirect3D()
{
if(pBufferVershin != NULL)
pBufferVershin->Release();
if(pDirect3DDevice != NULL)
pDirect3DDevice->Release();
if(pDirect3D != NULL)
pDirect3D->Release();
}
void RenderingDirect3D()
{
if(pDirect3DDevice == NULL)
return;
pDirect3DDevice->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255,255,0), 1.0f, 0);
pDirect3DDevice->BeginScene();
pDirect3DDevice->SetStreamSource(0, pBufferVershin, 0, sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX));
pDirect3DDevice ->SetFVF(D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX);
pDirect3DDevice->DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, 1);
pDirect3DDevice->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
pDirect3DDevice->EndScene();
}
LRESULT IntailDirect3D(HWND hwnd)
{
if(NULL == (pDirect3D = Direct3DCreate9(D3D9b_SDK_VERSION)))
return E_FAIL;
D3DDISPLAYMODE Display;
if(FAILED(pDirect3D->GetAdapterDisplayMode(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, &Display)))
return E_FAIL;
D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS Direct3DParametr;
ZeroMemory(&Direct3DParametr, sizeof(Direct3DParametr));
Direct3DParametr.Windowed = TRUE;
Direct3DParametr.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
Direct3DParametr.BackBufferFormat = Direct3DParametr.BackBufferFormat;
if(FAILED(pDirect3D->CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,
D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,
hwnd,
D3DCREATE_HARDWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING,
&Direct3DParametr, &pDirect3DDevice)))
return E_FAIL;
return S_OK;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK MainWndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch(msg)
{
case WM_PAINT:
RenderingDirect3D();
ValidateRect(hwnd, NULL);
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
DeleteDirect3D();
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);
break;
}
}
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE pPrevInstance, LPSTR lCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{
WNDCLASSEX wEx;
MSG msg;
wEx.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wEx.style = CS_VREDRAW || CS_HREDRAW || CS_OWNDC || CS_DBLCLKS;
wEx.lpfnWndProc = MainWndProc;
wEx.cbClsExtra = 0;
wEx.cbWndExtra = 0;
wEx.hInstance = hInstance;
wEx.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
wEx.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
wEx.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(GRAY_BRUSH);
wEx.lpszMenuName = NULL;
wEx.lpszClassName = "WINDOWCLASS";
wEx.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
RegisterClassEx(&wEx);
HWND hwnd;
if(!(hwnd = CreateWindowEx(NULL,
"WINDOWCLASS",
"Базовое окно для DirectX",
WS_OVERLAPPED||CW_USEDEFAULT,
0,0,
500,400,
NULL,
NULL,
hInstance,
NULL)))
{
return 0;
}
if(SUCCEEDED((IntailDirect3D(hwnd))))
{
ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow);
UpdateWindow(hwnd);
ZeroMemory(&msg, sizeof(msg));
while(msg.message != WM_QUIT)
{
if(PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0,0, PM_REMOVE))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
else{RenderingDirect3D();}
}
}
return 0;
}

Answer 1

It doesn't look the code is drawing anything, perhaps it's part one of a tutorial
A few obvious errors:
change the logical OR to bitwise OR: || to |
wEx.style = CS_VREDRAW | CS_HREDRAW | CS_OWNDC | CS_DBLCLKS;
change WS_OVERLAPPED||CW_USEDEFAULT to WS_OVERLAPPED, again it should be logical OR, and CW_USEDEFAULT doesn't belong there anyway.
This says the style is a combination of all the above flags (sort of like + operator)
Remove this whole section:
case WM_PAINT:
RenderingDirect3D();
ValidateRect(hwnd, NULL);
break;
WM_PAINT must be handled properly with BeginPaint/EndPaint or not handled at all.
Edit:
#include <windows.h>
#include <d3d9.h>
LPDIRECT3D9 pDirect3D = NULL;
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 pDirect3DDevice = NULL;
LPDIRECT3DVERTEXBUFFER9 pBufferVershin = NULL;
struct CUSTOMVERTEX
{
FLOAT x, y, z, rhw;
DWORD color;
};
#define D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX (D3DFVF_XYZRHW|D3DFVF_DIFFUSE)
HRESULT InitialBufferVershin()
{
CUSTOMVERTEX Vershin[] =
{
{ 300.0f, 300.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, 0x00000fff, },
{ 150.0f, 300.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, 0x00000fff, },
{ 150.0f, 150.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, 0x00000fff, },
};
if (FAILED(pDirect3DDevice->CreateVertexBuffer(3 * sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX), 0,
D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX, D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, &pBufferVershin, NULL)))
return E_FAIL;
VOID* pBV;
if (FAILED(pBufferVershin->Lock(0, sizeof(Vershin), (void**)&pBV, 0)))
return E_FAIL;
memcpy(pBV, Vershin, sizeof(Vershin));
pBufferVershin->Unlock();
return S_OK;
}
void DeleteDirect3D()
{
if (pBufferVershin) pBufferVershin->Release();
if (pDirect3DDevice) pDirect3DDevice->Release();
if (pDirect3D) pDirect3D->Release();
}
void RenderingDirect3D()
{
if (pDirect3DDevice == NULL)
return;
pDirect3DDevice->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 0), 1.0f, 0);
pDirect3DDevice->BeginScene();
pDirect3DDevice->SetStreamSource(0, pBufferVershin, 0, sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX));
pDirect3DDevice->SetFVF(D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX);
pDirect3DDevice->DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, 1);
pDirect3DDevice->EndScene();
pDirect3DDevice->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);//****changed
}
LRESULT IntailDirect3D(HWND hwnd)
{
if (NULL == (pDirect3D = Direct3DCreate9(D3D9b_SDK_VERSION)))
return E_FAIL;
D3DDISPLAYMODE Display;
if (FAILED(pDirect3D->GetAdapterDisplayMode(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, &Display)))
return E_FAIL;
D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS Direct3DParametr;
ZeroMemory(&Direct3DParametr, sizeof(Direct3DParametr));
Direct3DParametr.Windowed = TRUE;
Direct3DParametr.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
Direct3DParametr.BackBufferFormat = Direct3DParametr.BackBufferFormat;
if (FAILED(pDirect3D->CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,
D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,
hwnd,
D3DCREATE_HARDWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING,
&Direct3DParametr, &pDirect3DDevice)))
return E_FAIL;
return S_OK;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK MainWndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (msg)
{
case WM_DESTROY:
DeleteDirect3D();
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
}
return DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);
}
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE, LPSTR, int)
{
WNDCLASSEX wEx = { sizeof(WNDCLASSEX) };
wEx.style = CS_VREDRAW | CS_HREDRAW | CS_OWNDC | CS_DBLCLKS;
wEx.lpfnWndProc = MainWndProc;
wEx.hInstance = hInstance;
wEx.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
wEx.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(GRAY_BRUSH);
wEx.lpszClassName = "WINDOWCLASS";
RegisterClassEx(&wEx);
HWND hwnd = CreateWindowEx(NULL, "WINDOWCLASS", "TEST",
WS_VISIBLE | WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
0, 0, 800, 600, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
if (!hwnd)
return 0;
if (SUCCEEDED((IntailDirect3D(hwnd))))
{
InitialBufferVershin();//****changed
MSG msg = { 0 };
while (msg.message != WM_QUIT)
{
if (PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
else
{
RenderingDirect3D();
}
}
}
return 0;
}