I'm trying to understand source code of SDL-1.2.15, and to find out how it renders stuff on windows. But I can't find where the rendering is happening. I looked inside SDL-1.2.15/src/video folder, and there is a ton of subfolders, and I don't know what any of these stands for. See for yourself.
aalib/ directfb/ ipod/ os2fslib/ quartz/ windib/
ataricommon/ dummy/ maccommon/ photon/ riscos/ windx5/
bwindow/ fbcon/ macdsp/ picogui/ svga/ wscons/
caca/ gapi/ macrom/ ps2gs/ symbian/ x11/
dc/ gem/ nanox/ ps3/ vgl/ xbios/
dga/ ggi/ nds/ qtopia/ wincommon/ Xext/
Is this documented somewhere? This is a pretty popular library, so it probably is documented, right? Right? What's the point of having source code if you can't even understand it, if you can't find functions you are using.
While not all the names are self-explanatory, they contain some hints.
directfb, fbcon (framebuffer console) and X (x11, Xext) are output layers on Linux (unix).
The ones starting with win indicate they are for Windows. More specifically, windib should be about device independent bitmaps (DIBs), dx5 about DirectX 5, and wincommon about some common stuff. Indeed, using grep shows that (only) these folders contain Windows-specific code:
grep -r windows.h src/video/*
[ lists files in the win* folders ]
You could also just compile the package on Windows and see which files were compiled (which folders contain object files)
However, to find out what it actually does, you should rather study the function you're interested in (e.g. SDL_BlitSurface), look at it's implementation, and then look at the implementation of the functions it uses. Start in SDL_video.h (and notice that SDL_BlitSurface is just a define).
You should use some tool to search the code base. Grep or some IDE. Or both.
First of all, why not SDL2?
These are different SDL's video drivers. You can get what driver is used by your program by calling SDL_VideoDriverName. Which driver will be used determined by target platform (e.g. operating system - most drivers are platform-specific), environment variable SDL_VIDEODRIVER, or calling side.
Related
I'm trying to use the Ocaml Graphics package. I want to create a GUI for my chat server application. My code is:
let window = Graphics.open_graph "";
Graphics.set_window_title "caml-chat";
Graphics.set_font "ubuntu";
Graphics.set_text_size 12;
Graphics.draw_string "hello!"
However, Graphics.set_font "ubuntu" does not work. The documentation says that the string argument is system dependent, but I cannot find any more information than that. The only mention I found was in the answers to this question, and it didn't work.
Does anyone know anything else about setting the font? (Or can point me in the direction of a simple graphics library with better documentation?)
Although you didn't specify your system, I will assume that it is Linux (I doubt that Windows has an ubuntu font).
On Linux, the set_font function passes the argument to the X Lib's XLoadFont function. You can use the fc-list or xfontsel utilities to query for the available fonts on your system, or call directly to the XListFonts function.
For example,
fc-list | cut -d: -f2 | sort -u
will give you a list of font families, which you can pass to set_font function. Some lines will have more than one family per line, separated with comman (,). There are many more options, you can specify various styles, sizes, etc. But this is all out of the scope. You can the fontconfig guide to learn more about the font subsystem. For example, [here], at the section "Font Names", you can find the explanation of how the font name is constructed.
I have a code written in Atmel Studio to read/write data from a SD card. I am using FatFs here. My problem is the code doesn't compile when I use some of the functions (f_chdir, f_getcwd...) in FatFs. Some functions works fine (f_puts, f_open, f_mount, f_mkdir...). All these functions are located in same header file (ff.h, ff.c)
The error says "undefined reference to -function-, ld returned 1 exit status". When I go to the error it shows the end of the code while it is suppose to show where the error is.
I cannot understand the problem with my code. Any help is appreciated.
Just ran into this using the SD card for a project using SAM4S Xplained Pro (Atmel 7, ASF 3.20).
Make sure you have all the asf projects (fatfs, sd_mmc, memory access control, and then the other basics e.g. pmc, gpio, and maybe a few more). My asf did NOT include sd_mmc_mem.c and sd_mmc_mem.h for some reason, so I had to include those myself. Also remember to do the sd_mmc_init() at the top of your main loop. As for the configuration...
If you look closely at ffconf.h, the first thing it does is include conf_fatfs.h, which (wait for it!) is EXACTLY the same file line by line as ffconf.h. All the variables are defined there first and foremost (and guarded by an #ifndef FFCONF and NOT an CONF_FATFS) aka that's where it counts..
Go into conf_fatfs.h and change _USE_STRFUNC to 1 or 2 et voila.
Also note that in the places where you use it, you'll have to #include the ff.h preceded by either ffconf.h or conf_access.h
ASF is a real snake pit if you don't know what you're looking for.
Enjoy.
By default, the memory control access interface is disabled in the ASF wizard. In order to enable the memory control access, please follow the steps below.
Open the ASF wizard (Alt + W).
Enable the Memory Control Access as follows.
ASF SD sd_mmc_mem.h memory access enable
Finally, click the “Apply” option to make the changes.
This adds sd_mmc_mem.h /.c files
Open the ffconf.h in your favorite editor and set _FS_RPATH to 2. From ffconf.h:
#define _FS_RPATH 0
/* This option configures relative path feature.
/
/ 0: Disable relative path feature and remove related functions.
/ 1: Enable relative path feature. f_chdir() and f_chdrive() are available.
/ 2: f_getcwd() function is available in addition to 1.
/
/ Note that directory items read via f_readdir() are affected by this option. */
Which features of the fatfs library are included in your build is configurable, so that you don't have to lose valuable ROM space (as well as a few bytes of RAM) for functions you're not using.
For versions of the FatFS library prior to 0.8a, _FS_RPATH supports only values 0 and 1; f_getcwd is not available in these versions.
Additionally, in versions prior to 0.8, it is necessary for C++ code to explicitly include its headers as C headers to avoid name mangling:
extern "C" {
#include "ff.h"
}
From version 0.8 onwards, it does this internally. You can find the new versions here if you're still working with an old one -- the comment you left leads me to believe that this might be the case.
Check if _FS_MINIMZE in ffconf.h is 0 to have all functions available.
In my version that I downloaded from elm-chan it was by default set to 3 and lead to the compiler error: undefined reference.
In file ffconf.h, set #define _USE_FIND to 1.
/* This option switches filtered directory read functions, f_findfirst() and
/ f_findnext(). (0:Disable, 1:Enable 2:Enable with matching altname[] too) */
I needed to use f_findfirst() and f_findnext() functions and i was getting undefined reference errors.
Now this solved my problem.
Drive/directory handling functions are under #if _FS_RPATH >= 1 (or similar preprocessors) .
So I have a software program that for reasons that are beyond this post, I will not include but to put it simply, I'd like to "MOD" the original software. The program is launched from a Windows Application named ViaNet.exe with accompanying DLL files such as ViaNetDll.dll. The Application is given an argument such as ./Statup.cat. There is also a WatchDog process that uses the argument ./App.cat instead of the former.
I was able to locate a log file buried in my Windows/Temp folder for the ViaNet.exe Application. Looking at the log it identifies files such as:
./Utility/base32.atc:_Encode32 line 67
./Utilities.atc:MemFun_:Invoke line 347
./Utilities.atc:_ForEachProperty line 380
./Cluster/ClusterManager.atc:ClusterManager:GetClusterUpdates line 1286
./Cluster/ClusterManager.atc:ClusterManager:StopSync line 505
./Cluster/ClusterManager.atc:ConfigSynchronizer:Update line 1824
Going to those file locations reveal files by those names, but not ending with .atc but instead .cat. The log also indicates some sort of Class, Method and Line # but .cat files are in binary form.
Searching the program folder for any files with the extension .atc reveals three -- What I can assume are uncompiled .cat files -- files. Low and behold, once opened it's obviously some sort of source code -- with copyright headers, lol.
global ConfigFolder, WriteConfigFile, App, ReadConfigFile, CreateAssocArray;
local mgrs = null;
local email = CreateAssocArray( null);
local publicConfig = ReadConfigFile( App.configPath + "\\publicConfig.dat" );
if ( publicConfig != null )
{
mgrs = publicConfig.cluster.shared.clusterGroup[1].managers[1];
local emailInfo = publicConfig.cluster.shared.emailServer;
if (emailInfo != null)
{
if (emailInfo.serverName != "")
{
email.serverName = emailInfo.serverName;
}
if (emailInfo.serverEmailAddress != "")
{
email.serverEmailAddress = emailInfo.serverEmailAddress;
}
if (emailInfo.adminEmailAddress != null)
{
email.adminEmailAddress = emailInfo.adminEmailAddress;
}
}
}
if (mgrs != null)
{
WriteConfigFile( ConfigFolder + "ZoneInfo.dat", mgrs);
}
WriteConfigFile( ConfigFolder + "EmailInfo.dat", email);
So to end this as simply as possible, I'm trying to find out two things. #1 What Programming Language is this? and #2 Can the .cat be decompiled back to .atc. files? -- and vice versa. Looking at the log it would appear that the Application is decoding/decompiling the .cat files already to interpret them verses running them as bytecode/natively. Searching for .atc on Google results in AutoCAD. But looking at the results, shows it to be some sort of palette files, nothing source code related.
It would seem to me that if I can program in this unknown language, let alone, decompile the existing stuff, I might get lucky with modding the software. Thanks in advance for any help and I really really hope someone has an answer for me.
EDIT
So huge news people, I've made quite an interesting discovery. I downloaded a patch from the vendor, it contained a batch file that was executing ViaNet.exe Execute [Patch Script].atc. I quickly discovered that you can use Execute to run both .atc and .cat files equally, same as with no argument. Once knowing this I assumed that there must be various arguments you can try, well after a random stroke of luck, there is one. That being Compile [Script].atc. This argument will compile also any .atc file to .cat. I've compiled the above script for comparison: http://pastebin.com/rg2YM8Q9
So I guess the goal now is to determine if it's possible to decompile said script. So I took a step further and was successful at obtaining C++ pseudo code from the ViaNet.exe and ViaNetDll.dll binaries, this has shed tons of understanding on the proprietary language and it's API they use. From what I can tell each execution is decompiled first then ran thru the interpreter. They also have nicknamed their language ATCL, still no idea what it stands for. While searching the API, I found several debug methods with names like ExecuteFile, ExecuteString, CompileFile, CompileString, InspectFunction and finally DumpObjCode. With the DumpObjCode method I'm able to perform some sort of dump of script files. Dump file for above script: http://pastebin.com/PuCCVMPf
I hope someone can help me find a pattern with the progress I made. I'm trying my best to go over the pseudo code but I don't know C++, so I'm having a really hard time understanding the code. I've tried to seperate what I can identify as being the compile script subroutines but I'm not certain: http://pastebin.com/pwfFCDQa
If someone can give me an idea of what this code snippet is doing and if it looks like I'm on the right path, I'd appreciate it. Thank you in advanced.
I am new to c++ programming , today i was trying to save an image using CImg .
CImg is C++ Template Image Processing Library .
The basic code i wrote is(Please forgive any syntax erros , as copied part of my codes) :
#include "CImg.h"// Include CImg library header.
#include <iostream>
using namespace cimg_library;
using namespace std;
const int screen_size = 800;
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Main procedure
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
int main()
{
CImg<unsigned char> img(screen_size,screen_size,1,3,20);
CImgDisplay disp(img, "CImg Tutorial");
//Some drawing using img.draw_circle( 10, 10, 60, RED);
img.save("result.jpg"); // save the image
return 0;
}
But I cannot run my program as it says :
Invalid Parameter - 100%
'gm.exe' is not recognized as an internal or external command,
operable program or batch file.
This application has requested the Runtime to terminate it in an unusual way.
Please contact the application's support team for more information.
[CImg] *** CImgIOException *** [instance(800,800,1,3,02150020,non-shared)] CImg<unsigned char>::save_other() : Failed to save file 'result.jpg'. Format is not natively supported, and no external commands succeeded.
terminate called after throwing an instance of 'cimg_library::CImgIOException'
what(): [instance(800,800,1,3,02150020,non-shared)] CImg<unsigned char>::save_other() : Failed to save file 'result.jpg'. Format is not natively supported, and no external commands succeeded.
Though i can see the image , I cannot save it.
After googling a bit i found people saying to install ImageMagick , i have installed it but no help .
Some of the Forum says to compile against libjpeg, libpng, libmagick++. But i don't know how to compile against those libraries.
I am using Eclipse CDT plugin to write C++ project .
Please help me .
I had the same error, and installing of GraphicsMagick (not ImageMagick) helped me.
I've downloaded and installed GraphicsMagick-1.3.26-Q8-win64-dll.exe from ftp://ftp.graphicsmagick.org/pub/GraphicsMagick/windows/. You may choose another one, if you need:
Note that the QuantumDepth=8 version (Q8) which provides industry
standard 24/32 bit pixels consumes half the memory and about 30% less
CPU than the QuantumDepth=16 version (Q16) which provides 48/64 bit
pixels for high-resolution color. A Q8 version is fine for processing
typical photos intended for viewing on a computer screen. If you are
dealing with film, scientific, or medical images, use ICC color
profiles, or deal with images that have limited contrast, then the Q16
version is recommended.
Important: during installation, don't remove checkbox "Update executable search path", which updates environment variable %PATH%, making gm.exe available from any place.
In my case, it was also required to install Ghostscript - which is highly recommended to install by GraphicsMagick. There is a link to x64 Ghostscript: https://sourceforge.net/projects/ghostscript/files/GPL%20Ghostscript/9.09/gs909w64.exe/download (I've put it here, because links from the GraphicMagick websites leads you to 32-bit only).
After that, it worked fine for me.
For some image formats (as .jpg, .png, .tif and basically all formats that require data compression), CImg will try to use an external tool to save them (such as convert from ImageMagick or gm from GraphicsMagick).
If you don't have any installed, then you won't be able to save .jpg files without having to link your code with the libjpeg library, to get a native support for JPEG read/write (then, you'll need to #define cimg_use_jpeg before #include "CImg.h", to tell the library you want to use the libjpeg features).
If you want to keep things simpler, I'd recommend to save your image using another (non-compressed) image format, as .bmp or .ppm.
These formats are handled natively by CImg and do not require to link with external libraries.
I know this question is old, but I kept getting the same error on one project and not on another and this is the only thing on Google.
To get rid of it, you must do 2 things:
Install dynamic ImageMagick libraries for your appropriate OS and architecture(32/64). Link
I was using VisualStudio, and the character set must be set to "Unicode". The error would appear again when I reverted back to Multi-Byte character set. I guess this has something to do with the way CImg handles strings and miscompares them.
I want to preview TeX formulas in my User Interface. After a long time searching, it seems to me that there is no other possibility than
write the formula into a .tex file
call tex with system() and write a dvi file
call e.g. dvipng with system() and write a png file
load this file into the GUI
clean up(erase all these files).
I think that the performance of this way doing it is not a problem, since there are only formulas to render and not whole documents. But setting up the environment automatically for the TeX system seems to be a bigger problem.
So, is there a possibility to include TeX as an API in my program?
Thanks a lot!
Couldn't you encapsulate those steps in a single shell script (i.e. which takes the formula and png filename as arguments)? The script could then also handle setting up the environment for TeX. Your program just calls the script with the system() call.
There's a C API for TeX called MimeTeX but the resulting image is... not a nice as it could be.
If you're OK with Java, there's JLatexMath
And if you'd like a WPF version, one is under development at WPFMath
I'm not sure, but think MathType's Component will overkill.
Also have a look at sideshare and see flash video to get more information about sitmo, mathMagig, Edoboard and their API tools.
good lucks.
For Edoboard and Tutorsbox.com we do the following:
Keep a blacklist of LaTeX commands to avoid:
TEX_BLACKLIST = ["\\def", "\\let", "\\futurelet",
"\\newcommand", "\\renewcommand", "\\else", "\\fi", "\\write",
"\\input", "\\include", "\\chardef", "\\catcode", "\\makeatletter",
"\\noexpand", "\\toksdef", "\\every", "\\errhelp", "\\errorstopmode",
"\\scrollmode", "\\nonstopmode", "\\batchmode", "\\read", "\\csname",
"\\newhelp", "\\relax", "\\afterground", "\\afterassignment",
"\\expandafter", "\\noexpand", "\\special", "\\command", "\\loop",
"\\repeat", "\\toks", "\\output", "\\line", "\\mathcode", "\\name",
"\\item", "\\section", "\\mbox", "\\DeclareRobustCommand", "\\[", "\\]"];
We then do system call "latex and textopng".
That as an API REST plus some caching and here you go :)
As an upgrade we will soon convert those LaTeX images as SVG.
LyX is a TeX based Document Processor. As the application is open source you can inspect the C++ code to see how they deal with the problem you described.