DirectX 9 window doesnt show - c++

Question

I am trying to make a simple DirectX 9 program that creates a windowed mode window and shows it (nothing will be drawn to the window yet). When I compile the program, I get no errors. When I run the program, the window doesn't show and the program terminates.
/*
* A simple DirectX 9 program to create a windowed mode window with nothing drawn on it. No errors when compiled or ran, but no window * pops up and program terminates almost immediately.
*/
#include <Windows.h>
#include <d3d9.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
//program settings
const string APPTITLE = "Direct3D_Windowed";
const int SCREENW = 1024;
const int SCREENH = 768;
//Direct3D object
LPDIRECT3D9 d3d = NULL;
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 d3ddev = NULL;
bool gameOver = false;
//macro to detect key presses
#define KEY_DOWN(vk_code)((GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 1:0)
/*
* Game initialization function
*/
bool Game_Init(HWND window)
{
//init Direct3D
d3d = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);
if (d3d == NULL)
{
return 0;
}
//set Direct3D presentation parameters
D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
ZeroMemory(&d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp));
d3dpp.Windowed = TRUE;
d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_X8R8G8B8;
d3dpp.BackBufferCount = 1;
d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = SCREENW;
d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = SCREENH;
d3dpp.hDeviceWindow = window;
//create Direct3D device
d3d->CreateDevice(
D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,
D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,
window,
D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING,
&d3dpp,
&d3ddev);
if (d3ddev == NULL)
{
return 0;
}
return true;
}
/*
* Game update function
*/
void Game_Run(HWND hwnd)
{
//make sure the Direct3D device is valid
if (!d3ddev)
{
return;
}
//clear the backbuffer to bright green
d3ddev->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 255, 0), 1.0f, 0);
//start rendering
if (d3ddev->BeginScene())
{
//do something?
//stop rendering
d3ddev->EndScene();
//copy back buffer on the screen
d3ddev->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
}
//check for escape key (to exit program)
if (KEY_DOWN(VK_ESCAPE))
{
PostMessage(hwnd, WM_DESTROY, 0, 0);
}
}
/*
* Game shutdown function
*/
void Game_End(HWND hwnd)
{
//free the memory
if (d3ddev)
{
d3ddev->Release();
}
if (d3d)
{
d3d->Release();
}
}
/*
* Windows event handling function
*/
LRESULT WINAPI WinProc(HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (msg)
{
case WM_DESTROY:
gameOver = true;
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
}
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam);
}
/*
* Main Windows entry function
*/
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{
//set the new window's properties
WNDCLASSEX wc;
wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
wc.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)WinProc;
wc.cbClsExtra = 0;
wc.cbWndExtra = 0;
wc.hInstance = hInstance;
wc.hIcon = NULL;
wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);
wc.lpszMenuName = NULL;
wc.lpszClassName = APPTITLE.c_str();
wc.hIconSm = NULL;
RegisterClassEx(&wc);
//create a new window
HWND window = CreateWindow(
APPTITLE.c_str(), //window class
APPTITLE.c_str(), //title bar
//fullscreen mode
//WS_EX_TOPMOST | WS_VISIBLE | WS_POPUP,
//windowed mode
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, //window style
CW_USEDEFAULT, //x position of window
CW_USEDEFAULT, //y position of window
640, //width of the window
480, //height of the window
NULL, //parent window
NULL, //menu
hInstance, //appkication instance
NULL); //window parameters
//was there an error creating the window?
if (window == 0)
{
return 0;
}
//display the window
ShowWindow(window, nCmdShow);
UpdateWindow(window);
//initialize the game
if (!Game_Init(window))
{
return 0;
}
//main message loop
MSG message;
while (!gameOver)
{
if (PeekMessage(&message, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))
{
TranslateMessage(&message);
DispatchMessage(&message);
}
Game_Run(window);
}
Game_End(window);
return message.wParam;
}

Answer 1

When you set the window's properties, you need to set the cbSize member.
wc.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);