Arduino at 11.0592MHz. Modify Timer0, delayMicroseconds() - c++

I am using the ATMega328P at 11.0592MHz with the Arduino environment. I recognized that the delayMicroseconds() function is about 27% too fast. The reason is, that the code in wiring.c assumes that the clock peed is now 8MHz.
Now I try to fix it. I found different posts but I am not sure what is the most Arduino compatible way. What can you recommend?
Multiply the variable "us" in wiring.c with 1.27 if the F_CPU is 11.0592MHz? Easy but only affects delayMicroseconds and not millis(), micros(), delay(), etc.
Change the prescale factor maybe from 64 to ???
Other ideas or guides?
Thank you in advance.
Felix

The Arduino way would be to make a custom PLATFORM for your board with that of the new F_CPU speed. The core libraries should carry this F_CPU through.
This is easy enough, by making a boards.txt file with your differences. Where the location of the file (same between the two) is different between the two current IDE's. In the case of Arduino IDE 1.0.5:
C:\Users\mflaga\Documents\Arduino\hardware\myArduino11MgHz\boards.txt
and in the case of 1.5.5:
C:\Users\mflaga\Documents\Arduino\hardware\myArduino11MgHz\avr\boards.txt
Where in your case the sketch directory would be different.
# See: http://code.google.com/p/arduino/wiki/Platforms
##############################################################
myArduino11MgHz.name=Arduino 11MgHz
myArduino11MgHz.vid.0=0x2341
myArduino11MgHz.pid.0=0x0043
myArduino11MgHz.vid.1=0x2341
myArduino11MgHz.pid.1=0x0001
myArduino11MgHz.upload.tool=avrdude
myArduino11MgHz.upload.protocol=arduino
myArduino11MgHz.upload.maximum_size=32256
myArduino11MgHz.upload.maximum_data_size=2048
myArduino11MgHz.upload.speed=115200
myArduino11MgHz.bootloader.tool=avrdude
myArduino11MgHz.bootloader.low_fuses=0xFF
myArduino11MgHz.bootloader.high_fuses=0xDE
myArduino11MgHz.bootloader.extended_fuses=0x05
myArduino11MgHz.bootloader.unlock_bits=0x3F
myArduino11MgHz.bootloader.lock_bits=0x0F
myArduino11MgHz.bootloader.file=optiboot/optiboot_atmega328.hex
myArduino11MgHz.build.mcu=atmega328p
myArduino11MgHz.build.f_cpu=11059200L
myArduino11MgHz.build.board=AVR_myArduino11MgHz
myArduino11MgHz.build.core=arduino:arduino
myArduino11MgHz.build.variant=arduino:standard
##############################################################
Here is a 3rd party GUI Editor of the board.txt.
Disclaimer. The above does compile and should work fine. Where I have not actually tested and loaded into a unit.
That said, I would expect the bootloader's F_CPU not to match. There are three possible solutions to this.
First; the optiboot loader should have a corresponding target with the below deviation:
\arduino-1.5.5\hardware\arduino\avr\bootloaders\optiboot\Makefile
myArduino11MgHz: AVR_FREQ = 11059200L
Second; Change the boards.txt upload speed to match the change of =115200*(11059200/16000000).
myArduino11MgHz.upload.speed=79626
This being a non typical baud rate, either avrdude or the serial port may support it.
Third; Don't use the bootload, by uploading via the ISP programmer.
I have likewise planned to make a board with a different F_CPU, but only actually made custom boards, with the same speed. I would be curious to know if the above actually works, in your case.

Related

What are those folders in SDL-1.2.15

I'm trying to understand source code of SDL-1.2.15, and to find out how it renders stuff on windows. But I can't find where the rendering is happening. I looked inside SDL-1.2.15/src/video folder, and there is a ton of subfolders, and I don't know what any of these stands for. See for yourself.
aalib/ directfb/ ipod/ os2fslib/ quartz/ windib/
ataricommon/ dummy/ maccommon/ photon/ riscos/ windx5/
bwindow/ fbcon/ macdsp/ picogui/ svga/ wscons/
caca/ gapi/ macrom/ ps2gs/ symbian/ x11/
dc/ gem/ nanox/ ps3/ vgl/ xbios/
dga/ ggi/ nds/ qtopia/ wincommon/ Xext/
Is this documented somewhere? This is a pretty popular library, so it probably is documented, right? Right? What's the point of having source code if you can't even understand it, if you can't find functions you are using.
While not all the names are self-explanatory, they contain some hints.
directfb, fbcon (framebuffer console) and X (x11, Xext) are output layers on Linux (unix).
The ones starting with win indicate they are for Windows. More specifically, windib should be about device independent bitmaps (DIBs), dx5 about DirectX 5, and wincommon about some common stuff. Indeed, using grep shows that (only) these folders contain Windows-specific code:
grep -r windows.h src/video/*
[ lists files in the win* folders ]
You could also just compile the package on Windows and see which files were compiled (which folders contain object files)
However, to find out what it actually does, you should rather study the function you're interested in (e.g. SDL_BlitSurface), look at it's implementation, and then look at the implementation of the functions it uses. Start in SDL_video.h (and notice that SDL_BlitSurface is just a define).
You should use some tool to search the code base. Grep or some IDE. Or both.
First of all, why not SDL2?
These are different SDL's video drivers. You can get what driver is used by your program by calling SDL_VideoDriverName. Which driver will be used determined by target platform (e.g. operating system - most drivers are platform-specific), environment variable SDL_VIDEODRIVER, or calling side.

C++ FatFs undefined reference to functions

I have a code written in Atmel Studio to read/write data from a SD card. I am using FatFs here. My problem is the code doesn't compile when I use some of the functions (f_chdir, f_getcwd...) in FatFs. Some functions works fine (f_puts, f_open, f_mount, f_mkdir...). All these functions are located in same header file (ff.h, ff.c)
The error says "undefined reference to -function-, ld returned 1 exit status". When I go to the error it shows the end of the code while it is suppose to show where the error is.
I cannot understand the problem with my code. Any help is appreciated.
Just ran into this using the SD card for a project using SAM4S Xplained Pro (Atmel 7, ASF 3.20).
Make sure you have all the asf projects (fatfs, sd_mmc, memory access control, and then the other basics e.g. pmc, gpio, and maybe a few more). My asf did NOT include sd_mmc_mem.c and sd_mmc_mem.h for some reason, so I had to include those myself. Also remember to do the sd_mmc_init() at the top of your main loop. As for the configuration...
If you look closely at ffconf.h, the first thing it does is include conf_fatfs.h, which (wait for it!) is EXACTLY the same file line by line as ffconf.h. All the variables are defined there first and foremost (and guarded by an #ifndef FFCONF and NOT an CONF_FATFS) aka that's where it counts..
Go into conf_fatfs.h and change _USE_STRFUNC to 1 or 2 et voila.
Also note that in the places where you use it, you'll have to #include the ff.h preceded by either ffconf.h or conf_access.h
ASF is a real snake pit if you don't know what you're looking for.
Enjoy.
By default, the memory control access interface is disabled in the ASF wizard. In order to enable the memory control access, please follow the steps below.
Open the ASF wizard (Alt + W).
Enable the Memory Control Access as follows.
ASF SD sd_mmc_mem.h memory access enable
Finally, click the “Apply” option to make the changes.
This adds sd_mmc_mem.h /.c files
Open the ffconf.h in your favorite editor and set _FS_RPATH to 2. From ffconf.h:
#define _FS_RPATH 0
/* This option configures relative path feature.
/
/ 0: Disable relative path feature and remove related functions.
/ 1: Enable relative path feature. f_chdir() and f_chdrive() are available.
/ 2: f_getcwd() function is available in addition to 1.
/
/ Note that directory items read via f_readdir() are affected by this option. */
Which features of the fatfs library are included in your build is configurable, so that you don't have to lose valuable ROM space (as well as a few bytes of RAM) for functions you're not using.
For versions of the FatFS library prior to 0.8a, _FS_RPATH supports only values 0 and 1; f_getcwd is not available in these versions.
Additionally, in versions prior to 0.8, it is necessary for C++ code to explicitly include its headers as C headers to avoid name mangling:
extern "C" {
#include "ff.h"
}
From version 0.8 onwards, it does this internally. You can find the new versions here if you're still working with an old one -- the comment you left leads me to believe that this might be the case.
Check if _FS_MINIMZE in ffconf.h is 0 to have all functions available.
In my version that I downloaded from elm-chan it was by default set to 3 and lead to the compiler error: undefined reference.
In file ffconf.h, set #define _USE_FIND to 1.
/* This option switches filtered directory read functions, f_findfirst() and
/ f_findnext(). (0:Disable, 1:Enable 2:Enable with matching altname[] too) */
I needed to use f_findfirst() and f_findnext() functions and i was getting undefined reference errors.
Now this solved my problem.
Drive/directory handling functions are under #if _FS_RPATH >= 1 (or similar preprocessors) .

libPd and c++ wrapper implementation

I'm trying to use libPd, the wrapper for PureData.
But the documentation is poor and I'm not very into C++
Do you know how I can simply send a floating value to a Pd patch?
Do I need to install libPd or I can just include the files?
First of all, check out ofxpd. It has an excellent libpd implementaiton with OpenFrameworks. If you are starting with C++ you may want to start with OpenFrameworks since it has some great documentation and nice integration with Pd via the ofxpd extension.
There are two good references for getting started with libpd (though neither cover C++ in too much detail): the original article and Peter Brinkmann's book.
On the libpd wiki there is a page for getting started with libpd. The linked project at the bottom has some code snippets in main.cpp that demonstrate how to send floats to your Pd patch.
pd.sendBang("fromCPP");
pd.sendFloat("fromCPP", 100);
pd.sendSymbol("fromCPP", "test string");
In your Pd patch you'll set up a [receive fromCPP] and then these messages will register in your patch.
In order to get the print output you have to use the receivers from libpd in order to receiver the strings and then do something with them. libpd comes with PdBase, which is a great class for getting libpd up and running. PdBase has sendBang, sendFloat, sendMessage, and also has the receivers set up so that you can get output from your Pd patch.
if you want to send a value to a running instance of Pd (the standalone application), you could do so via Pd's networking facilities.
e.g.
[netreceive 65432 1]
|
[route value]
|
[print]
will receive data sent from the cmdline via:
echo "value 1.234567;" | pdsend 65432 localhost udp
you can also send multiple values at once, e.g.
echo "value 1.234567 3.141592;" | pdsend 65432 localhost udp
if you find pdsend to slow for your purposes (e.g. if you launch the executable for each message you want to send you have a considerable overhead!), you could construct the message directly in your application and use an ordinary UDP-socket to send FUDI-messages to Pd.
FUDI-messages really are simple text strings, with atoms separated by whitespace and a terminating semicolon, e.g.
accelerator 1.23 3.14 2.97; button 1;
you might also considering using OSC, but for this you will need some externals (OSC by mrpeach; net by mrpeach (or iemnet)) on the Pd side.
as for performance, i've been using the latter with complex tracking data (hundreds of values per frame at 125fps) and for streaming multichannel audio, so i don't think this is a problem.
if you are already using libPd and only want to communicate from the host-application, use Adam's solution (but your question is a bit vague about that, so i'm including this answer just in case)

UDP Streaming with ffmpeg - overrun_nonfatal option

I'm working on a software which uses FFMPEG C++ libs to make an acquisition from an UDP streaming.
FFMPEG (1.2) is implemented and running but I get some errors (acquisition crashes and restarts). The log displays the following message:
*Circular buffer overrun. To avoid, increase fifo_size URL option. To survive in such case, use overrun_nonfatal option*
I searched online for documentation about how to use this option, but I only got informations about how to use when running directly ffmpeg executable.
Would someone know how to set the correct option in my C++ code to:
- increase fifo_size
- use overrun_nonfatal option
Thanks
The same option works from command line or C++ libraries, you need to modify your UDP URL as follows:
If you original URL looks like this:
udp://#239.1.1.7:5107
Add the fifo_size and overrun parameters like this:
"udp://#239.1.1.7:5107?overrun_nonfatal=1&fifo_size=50000000"
Remember to escape the URL with quotes.
overrun_nonfatal=1 prevents ffmpeg from exiting, it can recover in most circumstances.
fifo_size=50000000 uses a 50MB udp input buffer (default 5MB)
The only documentation is in the source code:
http://git.videolan.org/?p=ffmpeg.git;a=blob;f=libavformat/udp.c;h=5b5c7cb7dfc1aed3f71ea0c3e980be54757d3c62;hb=dd0a9b78db0eeea72183bd3f5bc5fe51a5d3f537
I don't have enough reputation to comment the other answer, but if I did I would say that studying the source linked in the answer:
fifo_size is measured as multiples of 188 Byte (packets) according to the line:
s->circular_buffer_size = strtol(buf, NULL, 10)*188;
so whilst Grant is roughly correct that "default 5MB", because of the line:
s->circular_buffer_size = 7*188*4096;
If you want a circular buffer of 50MB you should really set the fifo_size parameter to something closer to 50*1024*1024/188 otherwise 50000000 will give 50000000*188 bytes which is closer to 8965MB!

How can I unit test Arduino code?

I'd like to be able to unit test my Arduino code. Ideally, I would be able to run any tests without having to upload the code to the Arduino. What tools or libraries can help me with this?
There is an Arduino emulator in development which could be useful, but it doesn't yet seem to be ready for use.
AVR Studio from Atmel contains a chip simulator which could be useful, but I can't see how I would use it in conjunction with the Arduino IDE.
Don't Run Unit Tests on the Arduino Device or Emulator
The case against microcontroller Device/Emulator/Sim-based tests
There's a lot of discussion about what unit test means and I'm not
really trying to make an argument about that here. This post is not
telling you to avoid all practical testing on your ultimate target
hardware. I am trying to make a point about optimizing your
development feedback cycle by eliminating your target hardware from
your most mundane and frequent tests. The units under test are assumed
to be much smaller than the whole project.
The purpose of unit testing is to test the quality of your own code. Unit tests should generally never test the functionality of factors outside of your control.
Think about it this way: Even if you were to test functionality of the Arduino library, the microcontroller hardware, or an emulator, it is absolutely impossible for such test results to tell you anything about the quality of your own work. Hence, it is far more valuable and efficient to write unit tests that do not run on the target device (or emulator).
Frequent testing on your target hardware has a painfully slow cycle:
Tweak your code
Compile and upload to Arduino device
Observe behavior and guess whether your code is doing what you expect
Repeat
Step 3 is particularly nasty if you expect to get diagnostic messages via serial port but your project itself needs to use your Arduino's only hardware serial port. If you were thinking that the SoftwareSerial library might help, you should know that doing so is likely to disrupt any functionality that requires accurate timing like generating other signals at the same time. This problem has happened to me.
Again, if you were to test your sketch using an emulator and your time-critical routines ran perfectly until you uploaded to the actual Arduino, then the only lesson you're going to learn is that the emulator is flawed--and knowing this still reveals nothing about the quality of your own work.
If it's silly to test on the device or emulator, what should I do?
You're probably using a computer to work on your Arduino project. That computer is orders of magnitudes faster than the microcontroller. Write the tests to build and run on your computer.
Remember, the behavior of the Arduino library and microcontroller should be assumed to be either correct or at least consistently incorrect.
When your tests produce output contrary to your expectations, then you likely have a flaw in your code that was tested. If your test output matches your expectations, but the program does not behave correctly when you upload it to the Arduino, then you know that your tests were based on incorrect assumptions and you likely have a flawed test. In either case, you will have been given real insights on what your next code changes should be. The quality of your feedback is improved from "something is broken" to "this specific code is broken".
How to Build and Run Tests on Your PC
The first thing you need to do is identify your testing goals. Think about what parts of your own code you want to test and then make sure to construct your program in such a way that you can isolate discrete parts for testing.
If the parts that you want to test call any Arduino functions, you will need to provide mock-up replacements in your test program. This is much less work than it seems. Your mock-ups don't have to actually do anything but providing predictable input and output for your tests.
Any of your own code that you intend to test needs to exist in source files other than the .pde sketch. Don't worry, your sketch will still compile even with some source code outside of the sketch. When you really get down to it, little more than your program's normal entry point should be defined in the sketch file.
All that remains is to write the actual tests and then compile it using your favorite C++ compiler! This is probably best illustrated with a real world example.
An actual working example
One of my pet projects found here has some simple tests that run on the PC. For this answer submission, I'll just go over how I mocked-up some of Arduino library functions and the tests I wrote to test those mock-ups. This is not contrary to what I said before about not testing other people's code because I was the one who wrote the mock-ups. I wanted to be very certain that my mock-ups were correct.
Source of mock_arduino.cpp, which contains code that duplicates some support functionality provided by the Arduino library:
#include <sys/timeb.h>
#include "mock_arduino.h"
timeb t_start;
unsigned long millis() {
timeb t_now;
ftime(&t_now);
return (t_now.time - t_start.time) * 1000 + (t_now.millitm - t_start.millitm);
}
void delay( unsigned long ms ) {
unsigned long start = millis();
while(millis() - start < ms){}
}
void initialize_mock_arduino() {
ftime(&t_start);
}
I use the following mock-up to produce readable output when my code writes binary data to the hardware serial device.
fake_serial.h
#include <iostream>
class FakeSerial {
public:
void begin(unsigned long);
void end();
size_t write(const unsigned char*, size_t);
};
extern FakeSerial Serial;
fake_serial.cpp
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include "fake_serial.h"
void FakeSerial::begin(unsigned long speed) {
return;
}
void FakeSerial::end() {
return;
}
size_t FakeSerial::write( const unsigned char buf[], size_t size ) {
using namespace std;
ios_base::fmtflags oldFlags = cout.flags();
streamsize oldPrec = cout.precision();
char oldFill = cout.fill();
cout << "Serial::write: ";
cout << internal << setfill('0');
for( unsigned int i = 0; i < size; i++ ){
cout << setw(2) << hex << (unsigned int)buf[i] << " ";
}
cout << endl;
cout.flags(oldFlags);
cout.precision(oldPrec);
cout.fill(oldFill);
return size;
}
FakeSerial Serial;
and finally, the actual test program:
#include "mock_arduino.h"
using namespace std;
void millis_test() {
unsigned long start = millis();
cout << "millis() test start: " << start << endl;
while( millis() - start < 10000 ) {
cout << millis() << endl;
sleep(1);
}
unsigned long end = millis();
cout << "End of test - duration: " << end - start << "ms" << endl;
}
void delay_test() {
unsigned long start = millis();
cout << "delay() test start: " << start << endl;
while( millis() - start < 10000 ) {
cout << millis() << endl;
delay(250);
}
unsigned long end = millis();
cout << "End of test - duration: " << end - start << "ms" << endl;
}
void run_tests() {
millis_test();
delay_test();
}
int main(int argc, char **argv){
initialize_mock_arduino();
run_tests();
}
This post is long enough, so please refer to my project on GitHub to see some more test cases in action. I keep my works-in-progress in branches other than master, so check those branches for extra tests, too.
I chose to write my own lightweight test routines, but more robust unit-test frameworks like CppUnit are also available.
In the absence of any pre-existing unit test frameworks for Arduino, I have created ArduinoUnit. Here's a simple Arduino sketch demonstrating its use:
#include <ArduinoUnit.h>
// Create test suite
TestSuite suite;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
}
// Create a test called 'addition' in the test suite
test(addition) {
assertEquals(3, 1 + 2);
}
void loop() {
// Run test suite, printing results to the serial port
suite.run();
}
I have considerable success unit testing my PIC code by abstracting out the hardware access and mocking it in my tests.
For example, I abstract PORTA with
#define SetPortA(v) {PORTA = v;}
Then SetPortA can easily be mocked, without adding overhead code in the PIC version.
Once the hardware abstraction has been tested a while I soon find that generally code goes from the test rig to the PIC and works first time.
Update:
I use a #include seam for the unit code, #including the unit code in a C++ file for the test rig, and a C file for the target code.
As an example I want to multiplex four 7 segment displays, one port driving the segments and a second selecting the display. The display code interfaces with the displays via SetSegmentData(char) and SetDisplay(char). I can mock these in my C++ test rig and check that I get the data I expect. For the target I use #define so that I get a direct assignment without the overhead of a function call
#define SetSegmentData(x) {PORTA = x;}
It seems that emulino would do the job perfectly.
Emulino is an emulator for the Arduino platform by Greg Hewgill. (Source)
GitHub repository
simavr is an AVR simulator using avr-gcc.
It already supports a few ATTiny and ATMega microcontrollers, and - according to the author - it's easy to add some more.
In the examples lies simduino, an Arduino emulator. It supports running the Arduino bootloader and can be programmed with avrdude through Socat (a modified Netcat).
You can unit test in Python with my project, PySimAVR. Arscons is used for building and simavr for simulation.
Example:
from pysimavr.sim import ArduinoSim
def test_atmega88():
mcu = 'atmega88'
snippet = 'Serial.print("hello");'
output = ArduinoSim(snippet=snippet, mcu=mcu, timespan=0.01).get_serial()
assert output == 'hello'
Start test:
$ nosetests pysimavr/examples/test_example.py
pysimavr.examples.test_example.test_atmega88 ... ok
I built arduino_ci for this purpose. Although it's limited to testing Arduino libraries (and not standalone sketches), it enables unit tests to be run either locally or on a CI system (like Travis CI or Appveyor).
Consider a very simple library in your Arduino Library directory, called DoSomething, with do-something.cpp:
#include <Arduino.h>
#include "do-something.h"
int doSomething(void) {
return 4;
};
You'd unit test it as follows (with a test file called test/is_four.cpp or some such):
#include <ArduinoUnitTests.h>
#include "../do-something.h"
unittest(library_does_something)
{
assertEqual(4, doSomething());
}
unittest_main() // this is a macro for main(). just go with it.
That's all. If that assertEqual syntax and test structure looks familiar, it's because I adopted some of Matthew Murdoch's ArduinoUnit library
that he referred to in his answer.
See Reference.md for more information about unit testing I/O pins, the clock, Serial ports, etc.
These unit tests are compiled and run using a script contained in a ruby gem. For examples of how to set that up, see the README.md or just copy from one of these examples:
A practical example, testing a Queue implementation
Another set of tests on another Queue project
A complex example, simulating a library that controls an interactive device over a SoftwareSerial connection as part of the Adafruit FONA library
The DoSomething example library shown above, used to test arduino_ci itself
I am not aware of any platform which can test Arduino code.
However, there is the Fritzing platform, which you can use to model the hardware and later on export PCB diagrams and stuff.
Worth checking.
We are using Arduino boards for data acquisition in a large scientific experiment. Subsequently, we have to support several Arduino boards with different implementations. I wrote Python utilities to dynamically load Arduino hex images during unit testing. The code found on the link below supports Windows and Mac OS X via a configuration file. To find out where your hex images are placed by the Arduino IDE, hit the shift key before you hit the build (play) button. Hit the shift key while hitting upload to find out where your avrdude (command line upload utility) is located on your system / version of Arduino. Alternatively, you can look at the included configuration files and use your install location (currently on Arduino 0020).
http://github.com/toddstavish/Python-Arduino-Unit-Testing
This program allows automated running of several Arduino unit tests. The testing process is started on the PC but the tests run on the actual Arduino hardware. One set of unit tests is typically used to test one Arduino library.
(this
Arduino Forum: http://arduino.cc/forum/index.php?topic=140027.0
GitHub project page: http://jeroendoggen.github.com/Arduino-TestSuite
Page in the Python Package Index: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/arduino_testsuite
The unit tests are written with the "Arduino Unit Testing Library": http://code.google.com/p/arduinounit
The following steps are performed for each set of unit tests:
Read the config file to find out which tests to run
The script compiles and uploads an Arduino sketch that contains the unit testing code.
The unit tests are run on the Arduino board.
The results of the test are printed over the serial port and analyzed by the Python script.
The script starts the next test, repeating the above steps for all test that are requested in the configuration file.
The script prints a summary showing an overview of all the failed/passed tests in the complete testsuite.
Keep hardware-specific code separate or abstracted away from the rest so you can test and debug that bigger "rest" on any platform for which you have good tools and with which you're familiar most.
Basically, try to build as much of the final code from as many known-to-work building blocks as possible. The remaining hardware-specific work will then be much easier and faster. You may finish it by using existing emulators and/or emulating devices on your own. And then, of course, you'll need to test the real thing somehow. Depending on circumstances, that may or may not be very well automatable (i.e. who or what will press buttons and provide other inputs? who or what will observe and interpret various indicators and outputs?).
James W. Grenning writes great books and this one is about unit testing embedded C code Test Driven Development for Embedded C.
I am using Searduino when writing Arduino code. Searduino is an Arduino simulator and a development environment (Makefiles, C code ...) that makes it easy to hack in C/C++ using your favorite editor. You can import Arduino sketches and run them in the simulator.
Screenshot of Searduino 0.8: http://searduino.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/jearduino-0-8.png
Searduino 0.9 will be released and a video will be recorded as soon as the lasts tests are done .... in a day or two.
Testing on the simulator is not to be considered as real tests, but it certainly have helped me a lot in finding stupid/logical mistakes (forgetting to do pinMode(xx, OUTPUT), etc.).
BTW: I am one of the people developing Searduino.
There is a project called ncore, which provides native core for Arduino. And allows you to write tests for Arduino code.
From the project description
The native core allows you to compile and run Arduino sketches on the
PC, generally with no modification. It provides native versions of
standard Arduino functions, and a command-line interepreter to give
inputs to your sketch that would normally come from the hardware
itself.
Also on the "what do I need to use it" section
If you want to build the tests, you'll need cxxtest from
http://cxxtest.tigris.org. NCORE has been tested with cxxtest 3.10.1.
If you want to unit-test code outside MCU (on desktop), check out libcheck:
https://libcheck.github.io/check/
I used it to test my own embedded code few times. It's pretty robust framework.
You can use emulare — you can drag and drop a microcontroller on a diagram and run your code in Eclipse. The documentation on the website tells you how to set it up.
Use Proteus VSM with an Arduino library to debug your code or to test it.
It is a best practice before getting your code onboard, but be sure with timings because the simulation does not run realtime as they run on the board.
Try Autodesk circuit simulator. It allows to test Arduino code and circuits with many other hardware components.
In basic Arduino is written with C and C++, even libraries of arduino are written in C and C++. So,in simple terms just handle the code as C and C++ and try doing the unit testing. Here, by the word "handle" I mean you to change all the basic syntax like serial.println to sysout, pinmode to varaibles, void loop to while() loop which breaks either in keystock or after some iteration.
I know this is little a long process and not so straight forward.On my personal experience, once you get to do with it, this turns to be more reliable.
-Nandha_Frost
In case you are interested in running an INO sketch and checkout the serial output, I have a working implementation of that in my Arduino NMEA checksum project.
The following script takes the file and uses Arduino CLI to compile it to a HEX file which is then loaded to SimAVR which evaluates it and prints the serial output. Since all Arduino programs run forever without really having an option of killing themselves (exit(0) doesn't work), I let the sketch run for a few seconds and then diff the captured output with expected output.
Download and extract Arduino CLI (in this case version 0.5.0 - latest at the time of writing):
curl -L https://github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/releases/download/0.5.0/arduino-cli_0.5.0_Linux_64bit.tar.gz -o arduino-cli.tar.gz
tar -xvzf arduino-cli.tar.gz
Now you can update the index and install the appropriate core:
./arduino-cli core update-index
./arduino-cli core install arduino:avr
Assuming your sketch is named nmea-checksum.ino, to get ELF and HEX, run:
./arduino-cli compile -b arduino:avr:uno nmea-checksum.ino
Next up, SimAVR to run the HEX (or ELF) - I build from source because the latest release didn't work for me:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y build-essential libelf-dev avr-libc gcc-avr freeglut3-dev libncurses5-dev pkg-config
git clone https://github.com/buserror/simavr.git
cd simavr
make
Successful compilation will give you simavr/run_avr which you can use to run the sketch. Like I said, timeout it otherwise it will never terminate:
cd simavr
timeout 10 ./run_avr -m atmega168 -f 16000000 ../../nmea-checksum.ino.arduino.avr.uno.elf &> nmea-checksum.ino.clog || true
The generated file will have ANSI color code control characters wrapping the serial output, to get rid of those:
cat nmea-checksum.ino.clog | sed -r "s/\x1B\[([0-9]{1,2}(;[0-9]{1,2})?)?[mGK]//g" > nmea-checksum.ino.log
cat nmea-checksum.ino.log
Now all you need to do is compared this file to a known good file:
diff nmea-checksum.ino.log ../../nmea-checksum.ino.test
If there are no differences, diff will exit with code 0, otherwise the script will fail.