I'm relatively new to programming and I've decided to give SDL a try, but I'm a bit stuck. I haven't been able to build the project in codeblocks and I get 'undefined reference' to all SDL functions. I've seen a lot of similar questions here, but none of the solutions seems to help. I've already added the \include\SDL2 and the \lib folders to search directories, I've added SDL2Main and SDL2 to link libraries in linker options, I've even added -mwindows to other linker options. Also, I tried linking against the 64-bit version as well, but things got even worse.
Here's my source code, pretty much copied straight out of the tutorial I started:
#include <SDL.h>
SDL_Window* g_pWindow = 0;
SDL_Renderer* g_pRenderer = 0;
int main(int argc, char* args[])
{
// initialize SDL
if(SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_EVERYTHING) >= 0)
{
// if succeeded create our window
g_pWindow = SDL_CreateWindow("Chapter 1: Setting up SDL",
SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED, SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED,
640, 480,
SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN);
// if the window creation succeeded create our renderer
if(g_pWindow != 0)
{
g_pRenderer = SDL_CreateRenderer(g_pWindow, -1, 0);
}
}
else
{
return 1; // sdl could not initialize
}
// everything succeeded lets draw the window
// set to black // This function expects Red, Green, Blue and
// Alpha as color values
SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(g_pRenderer, 0, 0, 0, 255);
// clear the window to black
SDL_RenderClear(g_pRenderer);
// show the window
SDL_RenderPresent(g_pRenderer);
// set a delay before quitting
SDL_Delay(5000);
// clean up SDL
SDL_Quit();
return 0;
}
And here's the build log:
mingw32-g++.exe -LC:\dev\sdl\SDL2-2.0.1\x86_64-w64-mingw32\lib -o bin\Debug\GeometryProject.exe obj\Debug\main.o -mwindows C:\MinGW\lib\libmingw32.a C:\dev\sdl\SDL2-2.0.1\x86_64-w64-mingw32\lib\libSDL2main.a C:\dev\sdl\SDL2-2.0.1\x86_64-w64-mingw32\lib\libSDL2.a
obj\Debug\main.o: In function `SDL_main':
C:/Users/Kris948/Desktop/ProjectsUni/GeometryProject/main.cpp:7: undefined reference to `SDL_Init'
C:/Users/Kris948/Desktop/ProjectsUni/GeometryProject/main.cpp:13: undefined reference to `SDL_CreateWindow'
C:/Users/Kris948/Desktop/ProjectsUni/GeometryProject/main.cpp:17: undefined reference to `SDL_CreateRenderer'
C:/Users/Kris948/Desktop/ProjectsUni/GeometryProject/main.cpp:27: undefined reference to `SDL_SetRenderDrawColor'
C:/Users/Kris948/Desktop/ProjectsUni/GeometryProject/main.cpp:29: undefined reference to `SDL_RenderClear'
C:/Users/Kris948/Desktop/ProjectsUni/GeometryProject/main.cpp:31: undefined reference to `SDL_RenderPresent'
C:/Users/Kris948/Desktop/ProjectsUni/GeometryProject/main.cpp:33: undefined reference to `SDL_Delay'
C:/Users/Kris948/Desktop/ProjectsUni/GeometryProject/main.cpp:35: undefined reference to `SDL_Quit'
C:\MinGW\lib\libmingw32.a(main.o):main.c:(.text.startup+0xa7): undefined reference to `WinMain#16'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Process terminated with status 1 (0 minutes, 0 seconds)
9 errors, 0 warnings (0 minutes, 0 seconds)
Is there anything else I could try? I really would like to get this running and would appreciate any help.
A possible problem is that your linking to a SDL2 library for a different architecture.
You should be using
SDL2-2.0.1\i686-w64-mingw32
instead of
SDL2-2.0.1\x86_64-w64-mingw32
Also after setting the library search path use this notation to link to libraries
-lmingw32 -lSDL2main -lSDL2
It's much easier to read.
Instead of adding full path, try -LC:/PATH_TO_SDL -lSDL2main -lSDL2 (or only one SDL option) instead; the lib and .a is already known by the linker.
(not sure if you have to use either / or \)
Since you are using C++, replace your include with this:
extern "C"
{
#include "SDL.h"
}
This tells the compiler to treat SDL as C - and not C++ - code.
See also: SDL2 won't link properly
Related
I'm just getting started with c++ and I can't seem to get c++ to compile with SDL2. I am using VS code and MinGW. I have copied the include files from the SDL2 download and the lib files into their respective folders in the mingw64 folder (as according to step 1-5 of this - https://www.caveofprogramming.com/c-for-complete-beginners/setting-up-sdl-windows.html). The code the vs code runs when I "run build task" is below.
C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/g++.exe -fdiagnostics-color=always -g C:\Users\lucya\Downloads\c++\programmingcave\cave.cpp -o C:\Users\lucya\Downloads\c++\programmingcave\cave.exe
I am trying to build some basic code I copy and pasted which is below.
#define SDL_MAIN_HANDLED
#include <SDL2/SDL.h>
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
// Start SDL2
SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_EVERYTHING);
// Create a Window in the middle of the screen
SDL_Window *window = 0;
window = SDL_CreateWindow("Hello World!",
SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED,
SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED,
640, 480,
SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN);
// Delay so that we can see the window appear
SDL_Delay(2000);
// Cleanup and Quit
SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
SDL_Quit();
return 0;
}
However, This is what comes up when I "run build task":
Starting build...
C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/g++.exe -fdiagnostics-color=always -g C:\Users\lucya\Downloads\c++\programmingcave\cave.cpp -o C:\Users\lucya\Downloads\c++\programmingcave\cave.exe
C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/11.2.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\lucya\AppData\Local\Temp\ccOYoA98.o:C:/Users/lucya/Downloads/c++/programmingcave/cave.cpp:6: undefined reference to `SDL_Init'
C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/11.2.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\lucya\AppData\Local\Temp\ccOYoA98.o: in function `main':
C:/Users/lucya/Downloads/c++/programmingcave/cave.cpp:11: undefined reference to `SDL_CreateWindow'
C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/11.2.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:/Users/lucya/Downloads/c++/programmingcave/cave.cpp:18: undefined reference to `SDL_Delay'
C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/11.2.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:/Users/lucya/Downloads/c++/programmingcave/cave.cpp:21: undefined reference to `SDL_DestroyWindow'
C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/11.2.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:/Users/lucya/Downloads/c++/programmingcave/cave.cpp:22: undefined reference to `SDL_Quit'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Build finished with error(s).
Does anyone know what my error is or how to fix it? If you need any other information please just ask! I have spent 2 days trying to get this to work so any help is useful.
Thanks!
This question already has answers here:
What is an undefined reference/unresolved external symbol error and how do I fix it?
(39 answers)
Closed 1 year ago.
I have been trying to code with OpenGL without using a IDE, but the manual linking is really confusing me. I have a folder with the libglfw3.a, glfw3.h and a .cpp file with this example code.
#include "glfw3.h"
int main(void)
{
GLFWwindow* window;
/* Initialize the library */
if (!glfwInit())
return -1;
/* Create a windowed mode window and its OpenGL context */
window = glfwCreateWindow(640, 480, "Hello World", NULL, NULL);
if (!window)
{
glfwTerminate();
return -1;
}
/* Make the window's context current */
glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
/* Loop until the user closes the window */
while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
{
/* Render here */
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
/* Swap front and back buffers */
glfwSwapBuffers(window);
/* Poll for and process events */
glfwPollEvents();
}
glfwTerminate();
return 0;
}
I compile it like this.
g++ source.cpp -lglfw3 -o program
Yet I get these errors.
C:\Users\murra\Coding\Manual>g++ source.cpp -lglfw3 -o proc
C:\Users\murra\AppData\Local\Temp\ccO7xs1Q.o:source.cpp:(.text+0x17): undefined reference to `glfwInit'
C:\Users\murra\AppData\Local\Temp\ccO7xs1Q.o:source.cpp:(.text+0x56): undefined reference to `glfwCreateWindow'
C:\Users\murra\AppData\Local\Temp\ccO7xs1Q.o:source.cpp:(.text+0x64): undefined reference to `glfwTerminate'
C:\Users\murra\AppData\Local\Temp\ccO7xs1Q.o:source.cpp:(.text+0x76): undefined reference to `glfwMakeContextCurrent'
C:\Users\murra\AppData\Local\Temp\ccO7xs1Q.o:source.cpp:(.text+0x81): undefined reference to `glfwWindowShouldClose'
C:\Users\murra\AppData\Local\Temp\ccO7xs1Q.o:source.cpp:(.text+0x96): undefined reference to `_imp__glClear#4'
C:\Users\murra\AppData\Local\Temp\ccO7xs1Q.o:source.cpp:(.text+0xa6): undefined reference to `glfwSwapBuffers'
C:\Users\murra\AppData\Local\Temp\ccO7xs1Q.o:source.cpp:(.text+0xab): undefined reference to `glfwPollEvents'
C:\Users\murra\AppData\Local\Temp\ccO7xs1Q.o:source.cpp:(.text+0xb2): undefined reference to `glfwTerminate'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
I'm quite new to this stuff so help would be appreciated.
When you link a third party lib, you need to "tell" the compiler the location of the headers as well as the location of the libraries.
Typically, one would use -I<header_dir> and -L<lib_dir> in addition to -l<lib_name>
You may also reduce this to 2 steps by using -I<header_dir> and -L<full_lib_path>
If linking causes errors, IMO there are 3 major reasons.
Incorrect path
Mixing shared lib and static lib flags (example - -MT and -MD on VS)
Additional library dependencies that you have not included.
In your case, the missing symbols seem to be from additional libs. Try -lglfw3 -lglew32 -lopengl32 -lgdi32 as additional options. Obviously these need to be on your computer.
I'm a C++ beginner with some experience in Java trying to set up a project using GLM, GLFW, and Vulkan on Windows. This is going to be my first time getting my hands dirty in a lower-level language like C++. I'm having a lot of trouble getting the compiler to link the Vulkan and GLFW libraries to my project. I'm following the tutorial here at vulkan-tutorial.org to get started. Here's the code in main.cpp:
#define GLFW_INCLUDE_VULKAN
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
#define GLM_FORCE_RADIANS
#define GLM_FORCE_DEPTH_ZERO_TO_ONE
#include <glm/vec4.hpp>
#include <glm/mat4x4.hpp>
#include <iostream>
int main() {
glfwInit();
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CLIENT_API, GLFW_NO_API);
GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow(800, 600, "Vulkan window", nullptr, nullptr);
uint32_t extensionCount = 0;
vkEnumerateInstanceExtensionProperties(nullptr, &extensionCount, nullptr);
std::cout << extensionCount << " extensions supported\n";
glm::mat4 matrix;
glm::vec4 vec;
auto test = matrix * vec;
while(!glfwWindowShouldClose(window)) {
glfwPollEvents();
}
glfwDestroyWindow(window);
glfwTerminate();
return 0;
}
Here are the commands being used to compile it:
g++ -std=c++11 -fexceptions -g -IC:/glfw-3.2.1/include -IC:/glm-0.9.9.1/glm -IC:/VulkanSDK/1.1.82.1/Include -IC:/glfw-3.2.1/include -c "src/main.cpp"
g++ -LC:/glfw-3.2.1/lib-mingw-w64 -LC:/VulkanSDK/1.1.82.1/Lib -o VulkanTest.exe main.o -lglfw3 -lvulkan-1
The first command compiles the .cpp into a .o successfully, but the second command gives me errors from the linker. Every single reference I made to a member from Vulkan or GLFW is undefined. (Path has been shortened for easier reading)
[omitted]/src/main.cpp:12: undefined reference to `glfwInit'
[omitted]/src/main.cpp:14: undefined reference to `glfwWindowHint'
[omitted]/src/main.cpp:15: undefined reference to `glfwCreateWindow'
[omitted]/src/main.cpp:18: undefined reference to `vkEnumerateInstanceExtensionProperties#12'
[omitted]/src/main.cpp:26: undefined reference to `glfwWindowShouldClose'
[omitted]/src/main.cpp:27: undefined reference to `glfwPollEvents'
[omitted]/src/main.cpp:30: undefined reference to `glfwDestroyWindow'
[omitted]/src/main.cpp:32: undefined reference to `glfwTerminate'
It seems like the linker can't find the library files I provided with -L and -l, but if I change -lglfw3 to -llibglfw3.a or -lglwf3.dll, I get this:
[omitted]/mingw32/bin/ld.exe: cannot find -llibglfw3.a
or
[omitted]/mingw32/bin/ld.exe: cannot find -lglfw3.dll
Leading me to think that the linker DID find the libraries at first, since it didn't complain about being unable to find the library - but why can't it find sources for the references to GLFW / Vulkan functions? I have no idea what's happening. Is it finding the library files?
I'm using GLFW 3.2.1, Vulkan SDK 1.1.82.1, MingW GCC version 6.3.0, and I'm running on Windows 10 Pro 64-bit.
Turns out my problem was rooted in using an old version of MingW. Originally I downloaded MingW from here, which was recommended by the guide on MingW's wiki. I updated to 8.1.0 from this site and the linker began throwing errors about undefined references to different functions, such as "__imp_CreateDCW" and "__imp_SwapBuffers".
I happened to recognize these as GDI functions from some other research I did. I added GDI32 to the libraries option in the linker and the build went through successfully.
Now my build commands are as follows:
g++ -std=c++11 -fexceptions -g -IC:/glfw-3.2.1/include -IC:/glm-0.9.9.1/glm -IC:/VulkanSDK/1.1.82.1/Include -c "src/main.cpp"
g++ -LC:/glfw-3.2.1/lib-mingw-w64 -LC:/VulkanSDK/1.1.82.1/Lib -o VulkanTest.exe main.o -lglfw3 -lvulkan-1 -lgdi32
CodeBlocks' GLFW Project is outdated and works only with GLFW 2.7. I am using the latest version, which is 3.0.4, and trying to link it in CodeBlocks statically (I hope that I am using the correct terminology). I would be really happy if someone told me how to do it step by step. I would also like to create an empty project if possible and do everything manually.
This is the code that I am trying to run:
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
int main(void)
{
GLFWwindow* window;
/* Initialize the library */
if (!glfwInit())
return -1;
/* Create a windowed mode window and its OpenGL context */
window = glfwCreateWindow(640, 480, "Hello World", NULL, NULL);
if (!window)
{
glfwTerminate();
return -1;
}
/* Make the window's context current */
glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
/* Loop until the user closes the window */
while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
{
/* Render here */
/* Swap front and back buffers */
glfwSwapBuffers(window);
/* Poll for and process events */
glfwPollEvents();
}
glfwTerminate();
return 0;
}
This is what I have in my "Other linker options":
-lmingw32 -lopengl32 -lgdi32
and I also copied GLFW folder that is containing the header files in CodeBlocks/MinGW/include.
This is pretty much all I did and I get the following build log:
-------------- Build: Debug in Initializing OpenGL (compiler: GNU GCC Compiler)---------------
mingw32-g++.exe -o "bin\Debug\Initializing OpenGL.exe" obj\Debug\main.o -lmingw32 -lopengl32 -lgdi32
obj\Debug\main.o: In function `main':
D:/Development/OpenGL/Initializing OpenGL/main.cpp:8: undefined reference to `glfwInit'
D:/Development/OpenGL/Initializing OpenGL/main.cpp:12: undefined reference to `glfwCreateWindow'
D:/Development/OpenGL/Initializing OpenGL/main.cpp:15: undefined reference to `glfwTerminate'
D:/Development/OpenGL/Initializing OpenGL/main.cpp:20: undefined reference to `glfwMakeContextCurrent'
D:/Development/OpenGL/Initializing OpenGL/main.cpp:28: undefined reference to `glfwSwapBuffers'
D:/Development/OpenGL/Initializing OpenGL/main.cpp:31: undefined reference to `glfwPollEvents'
D:/Development/OpenGL/Initializing OpenGL/main.cpp:23: undefined reference to `glfwWindowShouldClose'
D:/Development/OpenGL/Initializing OpenGL/main.cpp:34: undefined reference to `glfwTerminate'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Jigger your project config so that the mingw invocation looks something like this:
x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++.exe -Llib -o bin\Debug\glfw-proj.exe obj\Debug\main.o -lglfw3 -lopengl32 -lgdi32
Note the -lglfw3.
Procedure:
Project -> Build options...
Select the top-level configuration (i.e., not Debug or Release)
In the Search directories -> Compiler tab add the path to your GLFW headers (GLFW/glfw3.h and friend)
In the Search directories -> Linker tab add the path to your GLFW library files (libglfw3.a and friends)
In the Linker settings tab add 3 Link libraries: glfw3, opengl32, and gdi32.
This question already has answers here:
What is an undefined reference/unresolved external symbol error and how do I fix it?
(39 answers)
Closed 8 years ago.
I was following http://lazyfoo.net/tutorials/SDL/01_hello_SDL/windows/codeblocks/index.php tutorial on how to use SDL with Code::Blocks since I've been having trouble with this in pretty much every damn IDE I've tried.
The tutorial is pretty straight forward, on step number 7 it states
"we have to tell the compiler to link against the libraries. Go under Linker Settings and paste -lmingw32 -lSDL2main -lSDL2". I did exactly that. Then it says that if you get a bunch of undefined reference errors, you messed up this step, I don't really see how it is possible for me to mess up this step, since it is a simple step.
I would really like to get started with this, while using MinGW and Code::Blocks.
Information that might help resolve this:
I have MinGW directory located in my C:
I have a folder SDL in my C: directory, within that folder I am linking the include and lib files from SDL to Code::BLocks by right clicking on project properties and adding the directories. This all seems to be working fine.Include Directory = C:\SDL\SDL2-2.0.3\x86_64-w64-mingw32\include\SDL2 Lib Directory = C:\SDL\SDL2-2.0.3\x86_64-w64-mingw32\lib
As stated above, on the Linker Setting -> Other Linker Options: I wrote -lmingw32 -lSDL2main -lSDL2, yet I get a bunch of reference errors. I don't know what to try, I have been searching online for hours, I even replaced SDL_platform.h because it was causing issues and the undefined references are still there.
Please help. This is the code I am using to check if SDL is working, it isn't.
#include "SDL.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <Windows.h>
int main( int argc, char* argv[])
{
// Fire up SDL, this starts all subsystems; audio video etc.
if ( SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_EVERYTHING) < 0 ) {
fprintf(stderr, "Unable to init SDL: %s\n", SDL_GetError());
exit(1);
}
// Now Shut it down
atexit(SDL_Quit);
return 0;
}
These are the errors I am getting:
-------------- Build: Debug in TITLE (compiler: GNU GCC Compiler)---------------
mingw32-g++.exe -Wall -g -IC:\SDL\SDL2-2.0.3\x86_64-w64-mingw32\include\SDL2 -c C:\Users\Bryan\Desktop\CodeBlocks\TITLE\main.cpp -o obj\Debug\main.o
mingw32-g++.exe -LC:\SDL\SDL2-2.0.3\x86_64-w64-mingw32\lib -o bin\Debug\TITLE.exe obj\Debug\main.o -lmingw32 -lSDL2main -lSDL2
obj\Debug\main.o: In function `SDL_main':
C:/Users/Bryan/Desktop/CodeBlocks/TITLE/main.cpp:10: undefined reference to `SDL_Init'
C:/Users/Bryan/Desktop/CodeBlocks/TITLE/main.cpp:11: undefined reference to `SDL_GetError'
C:/Users/Bryan/Desktop/CodeBlocks/TITLE/main.cpp:15: undefined reference to `SDL_Quit'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.8.1/../../../../mingw32/lib/libmingw32.a(main.o): In function `main':
e:\p\giaw\src\pkg\mingwrt-4.0.3-1-mingw32-src\bld/../mingwrt-4.0.3-1-mingw32-src/src/libcrt/crt/main.c:91: undefined reference to `WinMain#16'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Process terminated with status 1 (0 minute(s), 0 second(s))
4 error(s), 0 warning(s) (0 minute(s), 0 second(s))
You have created a Windows executable project. The wizard set the entry point to WinMain. Your code implements a command line program with main(int argc, char**argv) as entry point.
If you want to stay with the main you should create a new command line project and add you
source files to this project. Alternativly you could try to change the project type.
For the SDL errors you should check, that you use matching compiler and libraries (32 vs. 64 bit).