I want to erase all the entries except the last two in a map. How could I do that? like the following?
std::map<int, obj>::iterator firstit = mymap.begin();
std::map<int, obj>::iterator lastit = mymap.end();
lastit--;
lastit--;
mymap.erase (firstit ,lastit);
You need to test that iterator is valid, if your mymap has less than 2 elements, your code invokes undefined behavior.
auto it = mymap.begin();
auto size = mymap.size();
if (size > 2)
{
std::advance(it, size - 2);
}
mymap.erase(mymap.begin(), it);
Looks fine to me assuming you do have at least two entries in your map.
--lastit; is sometimes claimed to be more efficient than lastit--; because the latter has to create a temporary iterator.
Related
I have a map in c++ like this:
std::map<int, int> points;
I know that I can access the two integers for example in a for loop like this
for (auto map_cntr = points.begin(); map_cntr != points.end(); ++map_cntr)
{
int A = map_cntr->first; // key
int B = map_cntr->second; // val
}
But I want to know how I can access every point as a whole (and not it's entries like above).
I thought something like this:
for (auto map_cntr = points.begin(); map_cntr != points.end(); ++map_cntr)
{
auto whole_point = points.at(map_cntr);
}
Actually, I want to do operations on integers of a entry (point) of the map with integers of the following entry (point) of the map.
I want to do operations on integers of a entry (point) of the map
with integers of the following entry (point) of the map.
Map is not suited container to perform operation depending on the sequence of elements where you want to modify current element according to previous ones. For those things you can use a vector or an array of pairs for instance.
You can use foreach loop
std::map<int, int> points;
for (auto pair : points)
{
// pair - is what you need
pair.second;
pair.first;
auto whole_point = pair;
}
I want to do operations on integers of a entry (point) of the map with integers of the following entry (point) of the map
You can't directly modify the key of a [key,value] pair in a map. If you need to do so, you have to erase the pair and insert another one.
If you only need to write the value of a pair, or if you only need to read the pairs, you can do it with a single iterator, like this:
// assuming the map contains at least 1 element.
auto it = points.begin();
std::pair<const int, int>* currentPoint = &(*it);
it++;
for (; it != points.end(); ++it) {
auto& nextPoint = *it;
// Read-only: currentPoint->first, nextPoint.first
// Read/write: currentPoint->second, nextPoint.second
currentPoint = &nextPoint;
}
Live example
I'm experiencing a problem with C++ and maps and intersection.
Have 3 maps, the first two being map<int, double>, and the last one being map<int, CustomType>.
I want to remove all instances of map keys from the first 2 maps, that do not exist as a key in the 3rd map. In brief, I have the third map that contains a list of objects, and the first two maps that contain some data about the objects. At some point in time the map with the objects is cleaned up and some items removed (user interaction) and now want to clean up the other two maps respectively.
I've tried the following:
map<int, double> map1, map2;
map<int, CustomType> map3;
for (auto it = map1.cbegin(); it != map1.cend(); )
{
if ( map3.find(it->first) == map3.end() )
{
map2.erase(it);
map1.erase(it++);
}
else ++it;
}
This gives me an error "pointer being freed was not allocated" on the map1.erase line. I've looked into set_intersection but I don't believe it would work in this case since the values will be different.
Any assistance is appreciated.
You need to iterate map1 and map2 independently. You cannot use an iterator of map1 to manipulate another map (to erase from map2 or to perform any other operations with map2).
So the code should be something like this:
map<int, double> map1, map2;
map<int, CustomType> map3;
for (auto it = map1.cbegin(); it != map1.cend(); )
{
if ( map3.find(it->first) == map3.end() )
it = map1.erase(it);
else
++it;
}
for (auto it = map2.cbegin(); it != map2.cend(); )
{
if ( map3.find(it->first) == map3.end() )
it = map2.erase(it);
else
++it;
}
You are trying to erase an element from map2 with an iterator from map1. That won't work. You need to get the key value from the iterator and use that to erase from map2. And when you called erase for map1 you invalidated your iterator, because you removed the element it was pointing to. Increment the iterator, then use the key value to call map1.erase().
You was close to the solution, but the problem is that an iterator is substantially a pointer.
So you can use "it" to remove both on map1 and map2.
void removeUnexist(const map<int, double>& m, const map<int, CustomType>::iterator& it) {
i = m.find(it->first);
if(i == m.end()) {
m.erase(i);
}
}
map<int, double> map1, map2;
map<int, CustomType> map3;
for (auto it = map3.cbegin(); it != map3.cend(); it++) {
removeUnexist(map1, it);
removeUnexist(map2, it);
}
Is there any way to get an iterator to a multimap, for specific keys? For example:
multimap<string,int> tmp;
tmp.insert(pair<string,int>("Yes", 1));
tmp.insert(pair<string,int>("Yes", 3));
tmp.insert(pair<string,int>("No", 5));
tmp.insert(pair<string,int>("Maybe", 1));
tmp.insert(pair<string,int>("Yes", 2));
multimap<string,int>::iterator it = tmp.at("Yes);
Then I could use it for the work I want to do. Is this possible in C++? Or do we have to just cycle through the multimap, element by element, and check for the key before doing the work?
You have find for a single key value pair (any matching the key), or equal_range to get all of the pairs that match a given key (this seems to be your best bet.)
multimap<Key, T> only sort elements by its Key, so we can only find all the elements whose key value equals "Yes", then check each element one by one.
typedef multimap<string,int>::iterator Iterator;
pair<Iterator, Iterator> iter_range = tmp.equal_range("Yes");
Iterator it;
for (it = iter_range.first; it != iter_range.second; ++it) {
if (it->second == 3) {
break;
}
}
if (it != tmp.end()) {
tmp.erase(it);
}
In fact it's better to use multiset<T> in this case:
multiset< pair<string, int> > temp;
temp.insert(make_pair("Yes", 1));
temp.insert(make_pair("Yes", 3));
multiset< pair<string, int> >::iterator iter = temp.find(make_pair("Yes", 1));
if (iter != temp.end()) {
temp.erase(iter); // it erase at most one element
}
temp.erase(make_pair("Yes", 3)); // it deletes all the elements that equal to make_pair("Yes", 3)
What is the easiest way to loop over the unique keys in a boost unordered_multimap.
For example I have this:
std::set<int> used;
for (auto p : valuesMap)
{
if (used.count(p.first))
continue;
used.insert(p.first);
auto range = valuesMap.equal_range(p.first);
if (p.first)
for (auto v = range.first; v != range.second; ++v)
//do something;
}
Is there better way to do that. It seems like the unique keys should be already known to the unordered map.
What you want to do is find a way to get the iterator following a certain key. In multimap I'd usually use upper_bound. But since unordered_multimap doesn't have that - I'll have to use equal_range.second:
for (auto iter=valueMap.begin();
iter!=valueMap.end();
iter=ValueMap.equal_range(iter->first)->second){
uniq_key=iter->first;
// Do whatever you want with uniq_key
}
But your example is weird to me - because you DO go over all the element . If I wanted to write your code, doing what you do, this is how I'd do it:
for (auto iter=valueMap.begin()
iter!=valueMap.end();
){ // Notice the lack of ++iter!!!
auto end=valueMap.equal_range(ier->first)->second;
for (;iter!=end;++iter)
// Do something
}
I have STL Multimap, I want to remove entries from the map which has specific value , I do not want to remove entire key, as that key may be mapping to other values which are required.
any help please.
If I understand correctly these values can appear under any key. If that is the case you'll have to iterate over your multimap and erase specific values.
typedef std::multimap<std::string, int> Multimap;
Multimap data;
for (Multimap::iterator iter = data.begin(); iter != data.end();)
{
// you have to do this because iterators are invalidated
Multimap::iterator erase_iter = iter++;
// removes all even values
if (erase_iter->second % 2 == 0)
data.erase(erase_iter);
}
Since C++11, std::multimap::erase returns an iterator following the last removed element.
So you can rewrite Nikola's answer slightly more cleanly without needing to introduce the local erase_iter variable:
typedef std::multimap<std::string, int> Multimap;
Multimap data;
for (Multimap::iterator iter = data.begin(); iter != data.end();)
{
// removes all even values
if (iter->second % 2 == 0)
iter = data.erase(iter);
else
++iter;
}
(See also answer to this question)