I'm using Crypto++ on aarch64, I'm facing a problem when compiling my binary which use cryptopp-7.0.0, the only link problem I face is related to RSAFunction, all the other classes worked perfectly, here is the program itself which is really a basic one that isolate the problem:
#include "cryptopp/rsa.h"
using CryptoPP::RSA;
#include <string.h>
using std::string;
#include <unistd.h>
int main(void)
{
RSA::PublicKey publicKey;
return 0;
}
When trying to compile with this command:
~$ toolchain/bin/aarch64-libreelec-linux-gnueabi-g++ cryptopptestfile.cpp -o crypttest -L/toolchain/usr/lib -lcryptopp
I got those errors:
<artificial>:(.text+0xe7c): undefined reference to `vtable for CryptoPP::RSAFunction'
<artificial>:(.text+0xe80): undefined reference to `vtable for CryptoPP::RSAFunction'
<artificial>:(.text+0xea8): undefined reference to `VTT for CryptoPP::RSAFunction'
<artificial>:(.text+0xeb4): undefined reference to `VTT for CryptoPP::RSAFunction'
/tmp/ccs498WJ.ltrans0.ltrans.o: In function `CryptoPP::InvertibleRSAFunction::~InvertibleRSAFunction()':
<artificial>:(.text+0x10c0): undefined reference to `vtable for CryptoPP::InvertibleRSAFunction'
<artificial>:(.text+0x10c4): undefined reference to `VTT for CryptoPP::InvertibleRSAFunction'
<artificial>:(.text+0x10c8): undefined reference to `vtable for CryptoPP::InvertibleRSAFunction'
<artificial>:(.text+0x112c): undefined reference to `VTT for CryptoPP::InvertibleRSAFunction'
/tmp/ccs498WJ.ltrans0.ltrans.o: In function `CryptoPP::InvertibleRSAFunction::InvertibleRSAFunction()':
<artificial>:(.text+0x12e4): undefined reference to `VTT for CryptoPP::InvertibleRSAFunction'
<artificial>:(.text+0x12f8): undefined reference to `VTT for CryptoPP::InvertibleRSAFunction'
<artificial>:(.text+0x1324): undefined reference to `vtable for CryptoPP::InvertibleRSAFunction'
<artificial>:(.text+0x132c): undefined reference to `vtable for CryptoPP::InvertibleRSAFunction'
<artificial>:(.text+0x13cc): undefined reference to `VTT for CryptoPP::InvertibleRSAFunction'
<artificial>:(.text+0x13dc): undefined reference to `VTT for CryptoPP::InvertibleRSAFunction'
This is only related to :
cryptopp::RSAFunction(s)
Thanks for help.
Here is the compilation flags:
arch64-libreelec-linux-gnueabi-g++ -march=armv8-a+crc+fp+simd -mabi=lp64 -Wno-psabi -mcpu=cortex-a53+crc+fp+simd -fomit-frame-pointer -Wall -pipe -Os -flto -ffat-lto-objects -fPIC -pipe -c rsa.cpp
g++ version:
6.2.0
Issue identified, it is because of this compilation flag :
-flto
As soon as I remove this compiling flag, everything works normal, please note that activating this flag which is:
-flto:
This option runs the standard link-time optimizer. When invoked with
source code, it generates GIMPLE (one of GCC’s internal representations)
and writes it to special ELF sections in the object file. When the object
files are linked together, all the function bodies are read from these ELF
sections and instantiated as if they had been part of the same translation
unit.
This flag breaks the linker when using RSAFunction(s), tested from version 6.0.0 to 8.0.0
Related
I have some project done on C++ and I need to compile it for Windows XP and later.
This is the header file of my RsaEncryptor class (I think it is no matter to post sources here, because I'm sure on 100% that it works fine, but if it is required I can do it):
#ifndef RSAENCRYPTOR_H_
#define RSAENCRYPTOR_H_
#include <stdexcept>
#include <openssl/rsa.h>
#include <openssl/engine.h>
#include <openssl/pem.h>
// One of this paddings can be used
//#define PADDING RSA_PKCS1_OAEP_PADDING
#define PADDING RSA_PKCS1_PADDING
//#define PADDING RSA_NO_PADDING
class RsaEncryptor {
private:
RSA* publicKey;
RSA* privateKey;
public:
RsaEncryptor() {
publicKey = nullptr;
privateKey = nullptr;
}
~RsaEncryptor() {
if ( this->publicKey )
RSA_free( this->publicKey );
if ( this->privateKey )
RSA_free( this->privateKey );
}
size_t GetCipherBytesCount() {
return 172; //is default for 1024 bit key length
}
void SetPublicKeyFromString(const std::string& content);
void SetPrivateKeyFromString(const std::string& content);
std::string Encrypt(const std::string& plainData);
std::string Decrypt(const std::string& cipherData);
};
#endif /* RSAENCRYPTOR_H_ */
I use latest version of Eclipse Neon for C++ development on Windows 10 x64 machine.
Also I have read this:
(...) you will need to configure with no-async when building OpenSSL 1.1.0 and above for Windows XP or Vista
And I was guided by following instructions.
What did I do:
install Ubuntu 17.04 x64 inside Virtual Box under Windows 10 x64.
download latest version of OpenSSL library from Ubuntu
install mxe and all requirements (but can't compile with it and I decide to use mingw32)
install mingw32 via root#user-pc:/home/user# apt-get install gcc-mingw-w64-i686
unpack OpenSSL library in /home/user/openssl-x32
go to /home/user/openssl-x32
run ./Configure mingw --cross-compile-prefix=i686-w64-mingw32 --prefix=/home/user/builds/openssl-x32-static no-shared no-async
run make
run make install
copy libssl.a and libcrypto.a from /home/user/builds/openssl-x32-static/lib to host machine (Windows 10 x64) to folder E:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\
copy include directory from Ubuntu to host machine in folder E:\MyProjects\my-app\include
Add libraries folder to linker configurations
Add include folder to compiler configurations
Then, I build my project and got following answer:
11:58:09 **** Rebuild of configuration Debug for project app ****
Info: Configuration "Debug" uses tool-chain "MinGW GCC" that is
unsupported on this system, attempting to build anyway. Info: Internal
Builder is used for build g++
"-IC:\MyProjects\my-app\include" -O0 -g3
-Wall -c -std=c++11 -m32 -o RsaEncryptor.o "..\RsaEncryptor.cpp" g++ "-IC:\MyProjects\my-app\include" -O0 -g3
-Wall -c -std=c++11 -m32 -o main.o "..\main.cpp" In file included from ..\main.cpp:5:0: ..\FilesFinder.h: In member function 'void
FilesFinder::FindRecursively(const string&, const FilesFilter&)':
..\FilesFinder.h:90:56: warning: comparison between signed and
unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]
while (destinationContainer.GetElementsCount() >= MAX_ELEMENTS_COUNT) {
^ g++ "-IC:\MyProjects\my-app\include" -O0 -g3
-Wall -c -std=c++11 -m32 -o aes256.o "..\aes256.cpp" g++ "-LC:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries"
-static-libgcc -static-libstdc++ -static -lpthread -m32 -o C:/MyProjects/my-app/bin/Debug/app
RsaEncryptor.o aes256.o main.o -lssl -lcrypto -lgdi32
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_addr.o):b_addr.c:(.text+0xaa):
undefined reference to _imp__getnameinfo#28'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_addr.o):b_addr.c:(.text+0xe0):
undefined reference to_imp__ntohs#4'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_addr.o):b_addr.c:(.text+0x242):
undefined reference to gai_strerrorW'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_addr.o):b_addr.c:(.text+0x820):
undefined reference to_imp__freeaddrinfo#4'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_addr.o):b_addr.c:(.text+0xb5d):
undefined reference to _imp__getaddrinfo#16'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_addr.o):b_addr.c:(.text+0xba2):
undefined reference togai_strerrorW'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock.o):b_sock.c:(.text+0xd7):
undefined reference to _imp__WSAStartup#8'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock.o):b_sock.c:(.text+0xe8):
undefined reference to_imp__WSAGetLastError#0'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock.o):b_sock.c:(.text+0x2c7):
undefined reference to _imp__WSAStartup#8'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock.o):b_sock.c:(.text+0x2d8):
undefined reference to_imp__WSAGetLastError#0'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock.o):b_sock.c:(.text+0x3b1):
undefined reference to _imp__ntohs#4'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock.o):b_sock.c:(.text+0x40c):
undefined reference to_imp__getsockopt#20'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock.o):b_sock.c:(.text+0x423):
undefined reference to _imp__WSAGetLastError#0'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock.o):b_sock.c:(.text+0x43c):
undefined reference to_imp__gethostbyname#4'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock.o):b_sock.c:(.text+0x48b):
undefined reference to _imp__WSAStartup#8'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock.o):b_sock.c:(.text+0x4a2):
undefined reference to_imp__WSAGetLastError#0'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock.o):b_sock.c:(.text+0x52c):
undefined reference to _imp__WSACleanup#0'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock.o):b_sock.c:(.text+0x54d):
undefined reference to_imp__ioctlsocket#12'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock.o):b_sock.c:(.text+0x563):
undefined reference to _imp__WSAGetLastError#0'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock.o):b_sock.c:(.text+0x6b7):
undefined reference to_imp__WSAStartup#8'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock.o):b_sock.c:(.text+0x6c8):
undefined reference to _imp__WSAGetLastError#0'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock.o):b_sock.c:(.text+0x942):
undefined reference to_imp__WSAGetLastError#0'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock.o):b_sock.c:(.text+0x9dc):
undefined reference to _imp__setsockopt#20'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock.o):b_sock.c:(.text+0xa15):
undefined reference to_imp__ioctlsocket#12'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock.o):b_sock.c:(.text+0xa32):
undefined reference to _imp__WSAGetLastError#0'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock.o):b_sock.c:(.text+0xaa6):
undefined reference to_imp__getsockname#12'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock.o):b_sock.c:(.text+0xb22):
undefined reference to _imp__WSAGetLastError#0'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock2.o):b_sock2.c:(.text+0x27):
undefined reference to_imp__socket#12'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock2.o):b_sock2.c:(.text+0x4e):
undefined reference to _imp__WSAGetLastError#0'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock2.o):b_sock2.c:(.text+0x120):
undefined reference to_imp__setsockopt#20'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock2.o):b_sock2.c:(.text+0x15b):
undefined reference to _imp__connect#12'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock2.o):b_sock2.c:(.text+0x1f5):
undefined reference to_imp__setsockopt#20'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock2.o):b_sock2.c:(.text+0x206):
undefined reference to _imp__WSAGetLastError#0'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock2.o):b_sock2.c:(.text+0x265):
undefined reference to_imp__WSAGetLastError#0'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock2.o):b_sock2.c:(.text+0x2c6):
undefined reference to _imp__WSAGetLastError#0'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock2.o):b_sock2.c:(.text+0x377):
undefined reference to_imp__getsockopt#20'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock2.o):b_sock2.c:(.text+0x38f):
undefined reference to _imp__WSAGetLastError#0'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock2.o):b_sock2.c:(.text+0x4a7):
undefined reference to_imp__setsockopt#20'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock2.o):b_sock2.c:(.text+0x4b4):
undefined reference to _imp__WSAGetLastError#0'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock2.o):b_sock2.c:(.text+0x53a):
undefined reference to_imp__bind#12'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock2.o):b_sock2.c:(.text+0x55f):
undefined reference to _imp__listen#8'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock2.o):b_sock2.c:(.text+0x5a5):
undefined reference to_imp__setsockopt#20'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock2.o):b_sock2.c:(.text+0x5b6):
undefined reference to _imp__WSAGetLastError#0'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock2.o):b_sock2.c:(.text+0x63a):
undefined reference to_imp__setsockopt#20'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock2.o):b_sock2.c:(.text+0x64b):
undefined reference to _imp__WSAGetLastError#0'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock2.o):b_sock2.c:(.text+0x6b2):
undefined reference to_imp__WSAGetLastError#0'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock2.o):b_sock2.c:(.text+0x713):
undefined reference to _imp__WSAGetLastError#0'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock2.o):b_sock2.c:(.text+0x7a6):
undefined reference to_imp__accept#12'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock2.o):b_sock2.c:(.text+0x7e7):
undefined reference to _imp__WSAGetLastError#0'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock2.o):b_sock2.c:(.text+0x84b):
undefined reference to_imp__closesocket#4'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(b_sock2.o):b_sock2.c:(.text+0x86c):
undefined reference to _imp__closesocket#4'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(bss_sock.o):bss_sock.c:(.text+0x1b1):
undefined reference to_imp__WSASetLastError#4'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(bss_sock.o):bss_sock.c:(.text+0x1d0):
undefined reference to _imp__send#16'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(bss_sock.o):bss_sock.c:(.text+0x20a):
undefined reference to_imp__WSAGetLastError#0'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(bss_sock.o):bss_sock.c:(.text+0x272):
undefined reference to _imp__WSASetLastError#4'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(bss_sock.o):bss_sock.c:(.text+0x299):
undefined reference to_imp__send#16'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(bss_sock.o):bss_sock.c:(.text+0x2ca):
undefined reference to _imp__WSAGetLastError#0'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(bss_sock.o):bss_sock.c:(.text+0x33d):
undefined reference to_imp__WSASetLastError#4'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(bss_sock.o):bss_sock.c:(.text+0x360):
undefined reference to _imp__recv#16'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(bss_sock.o):bss_sock.c:(.text+0x39a):
undefined reference to_imp__WSAGetLastError#0'
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(bss_sock.o):bss_sock.c:(.text+0x457):
undefined reference to _imp__WSAGetLastError#0'
c:/programs/mingw_w64_mingw32_gcc_stdthread_win32/bin/../lib/gcc/i686-w64-mingw32/4.8.1/../../../../i686-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe:
C:\MyProjects\my-app\libraries\libcrypto.a(bss_sock.o):
bad reloc address 0x24 in section.rdata'
c:/programs/mingw_w64_mingw32_gcc_stdthread_win32/bin/../lib/gcc/i686-w64-mingw32/4.8.1/../../../../i686-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe:
final link failed: Invalid operation collect2.exe: error: ld returned
1 exit status
11:58:21 Build Finished (took 11s.567ms)
I need just link my completed C++ project with correct-compiled (with flag no-async) OpenSSL library to let it work under old versions of Windows.
I will be happy to get any help with this issue.
Most if not all of the undefined symbols in your error log come from Winsock. Try linking with -lws2_32.
I'm trying to make a PE (Portable Executable which will work with Windows XP+ and which has no dependencies.
I found this guide quite interesting http://www.catch22.net/tuts/reducing-executable-size
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#include <windows.h>
extern "C" int __cdecl __purecall(void)
{
return 0;
}
extern "C" int __cdecl main();
extern "C" int __cdecl mainCRTStartup( void )
{
int mainret;
mainret = main();
ExitProcess(mainret);
}
And I compile it with
g++ -Wall -o2 -s -nodefaultlibs main.cpp -o test.exe
And it's giving me a bunch of errors: http://i.stack.imgur.com/fIFoD.png
C:\Users\Main.cpp\Desktop\crt>g++ -Wall -o2 -s -nodefaultlibs -lkernel32 main.cpp -o test.exe
C:\Users\Main.cpp\AppData\Local\Temp\cczgOKUx.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x1c): multiple definition of `mainCRTStartup'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0x280): first defined here
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0x5): undefined reference to `__dyn_tls_init_callback'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0x39): undefined reference to `__cpu_features_init'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0x3e): undefined reference to `_fpreset'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0x4b): undefined reference to `_CRT_glob'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0x73): undefined reference to `__getmainargs'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0x78): undefined reference to `_CRT_fmode'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0x82): undefined reference to `_imp___iob'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0x87): undefined reference to `_fmode'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0x96): undefined reference to `_setmode'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0x9b): undefined reference to `_CRT_fmode'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0xaa): undefined reference to `_setmode'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0xaf): undefined reference to `_CRT_fmode'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0xbe): undefined reference to `_setmode'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0xc3): undefined reference to `__p__fmode'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0xc9): undefined reference to `_fmode'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0xd0): undefined reference to `_pei386_runtime_relocator'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0xd8): undefined reference to `__main'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0xdd): undefined reference to `__p__environ'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0x100): undefined reference to `_cexit'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0x13f): undefined reference to `signal'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0x195): undefined reference to `signal'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0x1d0): undefined reference to `signal'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0x217): undefined reference to `signal'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0x233): undefined reference to `signal'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0x250): more undefined references to `signal' follow
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0x266): undefined reference to `_fpreset'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0x28c): undefined reference to `_imp____set_app_type'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0x2ac): undefined reference to `_imp____set_app_type'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0x2c1): undefined reference to `_imp__atexit'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o:crt1.c:(.text+0x2d1): undefined reference to `_imp___onexit'
C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:/TDM-GCC-32/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0/../../../crt2.o: bad reloc address 0x20 in section `.eh_frame'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
As far as I understood, my mainCRTStartup is interfering with another mainCRTStartup which my compiler is adding.
I'm using TDM-GCC on Windows.
After the suggestion to use -nostdlib instead of -nodefaultlibs I'm getting much less errors.
The ones I currently have are
C:\Users\Main.cpp\AppData\Local\Temp\ccMYa3VN.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x11): undefined reference to `__main'
C:\Users\Main.cpp\AppData\Local\Temp\ccMYa3VN.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x31): undefined reference to `ExitProcess#4'
GCC use some internal subroutines, contained in libgcc.a, that cannot be excluded.
See https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-5.3.0/gcc/Link-Options.html#Link-Options:
One of the standard libraries bypassed by -nostdlib and -nodefaultlibs
is libgcc.a, a library of internal subroutines which GCC uses to
overcome shortcomings of particular machines, or special needs for
some languages. (See Interfacing to GCC Output, for more discussion of
libgcc.a.) In most cases, you need libgcc.a even when you want to
avoid other standard libraries. In other words, when you specify
-nostdlib or -nodefaultlibs you should usually specify -lgcc as well. This ensures that you have no unresolved references to internal GCC
library subroutines.
P.S. The functions ExitProcess and SetUnhandledExceptionFilter are from kernel32.lib that you must include in linker stream. You can reduce libraries, but can't omit system and OS libraries.
I am new to c++ and I have the following problem:
files:
- main.cpp
- utils.h
- utils.cpp
When I am doing:
g++ -c -std=c++11 utils.cpp (compiles)
g++ -c -std=c++11 main.cpp (compiles)
when I try to link:
g++ -o main.o utils.o
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.8.3/../../../crt1.o: In function _start':
(.text+0x18): undefined reference tomain'
utils.o: In function clean_html(std::string const&)':
utils.cpp:(.text+0xfa): undefined reference totidyCreate'
utils.cpp:(.text+0x118): undefined reference to tidyOptSetBool'
utils.cpp:(.text+0x13b): undefined reference totidyOptSetBool'
utils.cpp:(.text+0x15e): undefined reference to tidyOptSetBool'
utils.cpp:(.text+0x181): undefined reference totidyOptSetBool'
utils.cpp:(.text+0x1a4): undefined reference to tidyOptSetBool'
utils.cpp:(.text+0x1c7): undefined reference totidyOptSetValue'
utils.cpp:(.text+0x1ea): undefined reference to tidyOptSetValue'
utils.cpp:(.text+0x209): undefined reference totidyOptSetBool'
utils.cpp:(.text+0x228): undefined reference to tidyOptSetBool'
utils.cpp:(.text+0x247): undefined reference totidyOptSetInt'
utils.cpp:(.text+0x281): undefined reference to tidyParseString'
utils.cpp:(.text+0x295): undefined reference totidyCleanAndRepair'
utils.cpp:(.text+0x2b0): undefined reference to tidySaveBuffer'
utils.cpp:(.text+0x322): undefined reference totidyBufFree'
utils.cpp:(.text+0x32d): undefined reference to `tidyRelease'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
In utils.cpp I have a function clean_html. When I remove this function the code is linked with success.
I am using gcc version 4.8.3 20140911 (Red Hat 4.8.3-7) (GCC) .
Tidy is installed via fedora repos using:
Package libtidy-devel-0.99.0-28.20091203.fc19.i686 already installed and latest version
Package libtidy-0.99.0-28.20091203.fc19.i686 already installed and latest version
Edit:
Forgot to mention:
- I include tidy.h using
#include
tidy.h is at /usr/include/tidy.h
You need to add -ltidy to your link command.
I have been trying to compile a windows 64 program, MSVAR1.3, on linux and have had problems with Linux and the headers that the program calls. The program calls for:
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#ifdef __BORLANDC__
#include <float.h>
If I run the compile (using gcc in linux) and try to use the -I flag to tell it where the headers are, it doesn't get any better than if I run the compilation without headers at all. I have included some of the output below (I get almost 300 lines of unrecognized variables).
I have also tried running it with an -lm flag for the math library and this reduces the unrecognized errors, but if there are flags relating to libraries for the other headers, I haven't been able to find them. PLEASE HELP!!!!
(Errors from running using the -I flag:)
gcc msvar1.3.c -o msvar1.3 -lm/tmp/ccpZIkC1.o: In function `main':
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x38): undefined reference to `opengfsr'
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x927): undefined reference to `gfsr8'
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x94c): undefined reference to `gfsr8'
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x971): undefined reference to `gfsr8'
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x9a2): undefined reference to `disrand'
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x111a): undefined reference to `printerr'
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x1809): undefined reference to `printerr'
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x1ad2): undefined reference to `printerr'
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x1be6): undefined reference to `gfsr8'
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x2773): undefined reference to `closegfsr'
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x2791): undefined reference to `closegfsr'
/tmp/ccpZIkC1.o: In function `treesummary':
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x2808): undefined reference to `printerr'
/tmp/ccpZIkC1.o: In function `read_params':
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x2b1f): undefined reference to `printerr'
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x2b64): undefined reference to `printerr'
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x2b72): undefined reference to `intrand'
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x2bb7): undefined reference to `printerr'
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x3000): undefined reference to `printerr'
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x3063): undefined reference to `printerr'
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x3077): undefined reference to `printerr'
/tmp/ccpZIkC1.o: In function `choosepar':
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x36fb): undefined reference to `gfsr8'
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x374b): undefined reference to `gfsr4'
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x3799): undefined reference to `gfsr4'
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x37b8): undefined reference to `norm4'
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x37e5): undefined reference to `gfsr4'
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x3826): undefined reference to `norm4'
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x3853): undefined reference to `gfsr4'
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x3894): undefined reference to `norm4'
msvar1.3.c:(.text+0x38f7): undefined reference to `norm4'
"undefined reference" errors are not from missing headers - they're linker errors indicating you don't link with an object, nor have a -l (minus ell) flag specifying a library, that exports these symbols. The headers only constitute a promise that variables and out-of-lines function matching the header declarations will be found in an object/library you provide at link time - you're breaking that promise.
You need to either find the libraries containing those symbols, or find the source and compile them.
I compiled msvar1.3 with command:
gcc -o msvar1.3 myutil.c msvar1.3.c -lm
I have an application, with dynamic linking all ok, but when i trying to compile with static linking, i have errors below.
My app uses boost thread, asio
Error:
/tmp/ccMj2fHI.o: In function `__static_initialization_and_destruction_0(int, int)':
test.cpp:(.text+0x237): undefined reference to `boost::system::get_system_category()'
test.cpp:(.text+0x243): undefined reference to `boost::system::get_generic_category()'
test.cpp:(.text+0x24f): undefined reference to `boost::system::get_generic_category()'
test.cpp:(.text+0x25b): undefined reference to `boost::system::get_generic_category()'
test.cpp:(.text+0x267): undefined reference to `boost::system::get_system_category()'
/tmp/ccnCWj1O.o: In function `__static_initialization_and_destruction_0(int, int)':
AccountSe.cpp:(.text+0x507): undefined reference to `boost::system::get_system_category()'
AccountSe.cpp:(.text+0x513): undefined reference to `boost::system::get_generic_category()'
AccountSe.cpp:(.text+0x51f): undefined reference to `boost::system::get_generic_category()'
AccountSe.cpp:(.text+0x52b): undefined reference to `boost::system::get_generic_category()'
AccountSe.cpp:(.text+0x537): undefined reference to `boost::system::get_system_category()'
And similar errors for all source files.
Compile command line:
g++ -L /usr/lib/ -lboost_system -lboost_thread -o newserver -static
/usr/lib/libboost_thread.a /usr/lib/libboost_system.a stdafx.cpp
test.cpp AccountSe.cpp ... -lpthread -std=c++0x
It mostly likely is due to your linking order. Boost libraries appear first in the command line, and after processing them, the linker, will discard unreferenced symbols before proceeding to link other object files and libraries.
Put boost libraries after your sources and before -lpthread.